351:) form displays an olive hue on its upper body, featuring black wing feathers with green edges and a black tail adorned with white tips. The areas around its eyes (lores), neck, chin, throat, and breast are dark and iridescent, accompanied by yellow pectoral tufts. The lower portion of the bird is dark yellow, sometimes with a brown band encircling the gorget area. The iris is dark brown, while its bill and legs are black. Non-breeding males often have the glossy black coloration limited to the central throat stripe, which may represent juvenile birds transitioning to their adult plumage. In contrast, the female exhibits an upper body of greenish olive, featuring a pale-yellowish stripe above the eyes, yellowish borders on its wing feathers, a tail with black and white markings, and a deep yellow color on the lower portion of its body, slightly lighter on the undertail feathers. Juvenile birds resemble the female but tend to be paler and browner in appearance.
563:
49:
333:
112:
87:
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63:
607:
The female garden sunbird builds the nest using grass, cotton, moss, lichens, leaf fragments, vegetable fibers, and spider webs, lined with bark or feathers. The nest has the form of a hanging oval pouch with a sheltered side opening, often featuring a dangling "beard." She lays eggs in May and June.
586:
provinces of China to the
Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and northeastern Australia. It inhabits forests, shrublands, grasslands and artificial habitats. The garden sunbird has adapted well to human environments and is common in fairly densely populated areas,
324:. It is a small, brightly coloured bird with olive-green plumage on the wings and back with a bright yellow chest. It has a long downward-curved bill it uses for taking nectar and capturing insects. It is primarily nectarivorous, but will take insects and spiders, particularly when feeding chicks.
608:
Sunbirds feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Most species can take nectar by hovering, but usually perch to feed most of the time.
380:
397:, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the olive-backed sunbird. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the
1222:
344:
The garden sunbird is 10–11.4 cm (3.9–4.5 in) in size; males weigh 6.7–11.9 g (0.24–0.42 oz) and females 6–10 g (0.21–0.35 oz).
1317:
793:
Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Volume 1, Part 1
840:
Le Règne animal distribué d'après son organisation : pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparée
1289:
1170:
1196:
1342:
974:
897:"Small islands and large biogeographic barriers have driven contrasting speciation patterns in Indo-Pacific sunbirds (Aves: Nectariniidae)"
562:
48:
895:Ó Marcaigh, F.; Kelly, D.J.; O’Connell, D.P.; Analuddin, K.; Karya, A.; McCloughan, J.; Tolan, E.; Lawless, N.; Marples, N.M. (2023).
1332:
1337:
1327:
394:
744:
The two stars (**) at the start of the section indicates that
Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen.
1201:
428:
The garden sunbird (under the name olive-backed sunbird) formerly included 21 subspecies and had a range that extended from
436:
DNA sequences of some of the subspecies, the olive-backed sunbird was split into eight species. The seven new species are:
502:
1108:
1069:
571:
739:
Ornithologie, ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés
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Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.).
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76:
742:(in French and Latin). Vol. 3. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. pp. 616–618, Plate 32 fig 5.
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796:(in Latin). Vol. 12 (12th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 245.
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to
Australia. Based on the difference in the male plumage and a genetic study comparing
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Cheke, R.; Mann, C.; Kirwan, G.M.; Christie, D.A. (2023). "Garden
Sunbird (
701:
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based on a specimen collected in the
Philippines. He used the French name
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760:(1910). "Collation of Brisson's genera of birds with those of Linnaeus".
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30:"Yellow-bellied sunbird" redirects here. For the African species, see
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375:. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the
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of India, Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular
Malaysia and Indochina to
561:
524:
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843:(in French). Vol. 1. Paris: Déterville. pp. 388–389.
415:
for 'of the throat'. This species is now placed in the genus
699:), version 1.0". In Keeney, B.K.; Billerman, S.M. (eds.).
363:
included a description of the olive-backed sunbird in his
938:
Cheke, R.; Mann, C.; Kirwan, G.M.; Christie, D. (2023).
1264:
1016:
381:
International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
762:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
700:
671:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103804139A94552679.en
950:. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
707:. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
292:island group. It was formerly considered to be
870:"Dippers, leafbirds, flowerpeckers, sunbirds"
421:that was introduced by the French naturalist
8:
587:where it builds nests in human settlements.
946:. In Keeney, B.K.; Billerman, S.M. (eds.).
624:as it is common throughout its wide range.
570:The garden sunbird is distributed from the
1004:
616:The garden sunbird has been classified as
85:
61:
47:
38:
922:
912:
901:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
669:
813:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
809:"Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology"
752:
750:
633:
641:
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383:. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist
876:. International Ornithologists' Union
856:
854:
852:
850:
690:
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495:Three subspecies are now recognised:
7:
1318:IUCN Red List least concern species
657:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
369:Le petit grimpereau des Philippines
1075:Nectarinia_(Cyrtostomus)_jugularis
539:group (north to south Philippines)
25:
340:), showing it's iridescent throat
874:IOC World Bird List Version 14.1
110:
646:BirdLife International (2016).
404:and cited Brisson's work. The
379:and are not recognised by the
296:with seven other species: the
1:
359:In 1760 the French zoologist
1343:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
572:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
272:), previously known as the
1359:
914:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac081
373:Certhia Philippensis Minor
347:The male in its nominate (
29:
734:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
664:: e.T103804139A94552679.
523:, 1766) – central, south
238:
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107:Scientific classification
105:
83:
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1333:Birds of the Philippines
868:, eds. (December 2023).
558:Distribution and habitat
361:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
1338:Birds described in 1766
1328:Birds of Southeast Asia
956:10.2173/bow.olbsun31.01
713:10.2173/bow.olbsun31.01
553:in southern Philippines
513:in northern Philippines
970:"Olive-backed Sunbird"
604:
567:
478:South Moluccan sunbird
341:
318:South Moluccan sunbird
598:
591:Behaviour and ecology
566:Female garden sunbird
565:
335:
284:that is found in the
253:(Linnaeus, 1766)
274:olive-backed sunbird
250:Nectarinia jugularis
18:Olive-backed sunbird
482:Cinnyris clementiae
466:Cinnyris infrenatus
280:bird in the family
245:Linnaeus, 1766
77:Conservation status
1254:Cinnyris-jugularis
1062:Cinnyris_jugularis
1048:Cinnyris jugularis
1018:Cinnyris jugularis
999:Birds of the World
977:2014-12-21 at the
948:Birds of the World
942:Cinnyris jugularis
864:; Donsker, David;
703:Birds of the World
697:Cinnyris jugularis
650:Cinnyris jugularis
605:
568:
490:Cinnyris idenburgi
474:Cinnyris teysmanni
470:Flores Sea sunbird
462:Tukangbesi sunbird
342:
314:Flores Sea sunbird
310:Tukangbesi sunbird
276:, is a species of
269:Cinnyris jugularis
216:Cinnyris jugularis
1305:
1304:
1266:Certhia jugularis
1236:Open Tree of Life
1010:Taxon identifiers
940:"Garden Sunbird (
866:Rasmussen, Pamela
486:Mamberamo sunbird
458:Cinnyris frenatus
402:Certhia jugularis
336:Male (subspecies
322:Mamberamo sunbird
260:
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242:Certhia jugularis
198:C. jugularis
100:
16:(Redirected from
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511:Babuyan Islands
505:, 1894 – north
500:C. j. obscurior
450:Cinnyris aurora
446:Palawan sunbird
395:twelfth edition
390:Systema Naturae
377:binomial system
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302:Palawan sunbird
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438:ornate sunbird
430:Southeast Asia
423:Georges Cuvier
413:Medieval Latin
371:and the Latin
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298:ornate sunbird
288:except on the
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406:specific name
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174:Nectariniidae
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907:(1): 72–92.
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878:. Retrieved
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817:. Retrieved
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716:. Retrieved
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387:updated his
372:
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365:Ornithologie
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1184:iNaturalist
1042:Wikispecies
924:2262/101492
862:Gill, Frank
768:: 317–335.
758:Allen, J.A.
677:12 November
601:wild ginger
543:C. j. woodi
328:Description
294:conspecific
286:Philippines
1312:Categories
1249:Xeno-canto
880:4 February
718:4 February
628:References
599:Male on a
578:, Guanxi,
549:, 1909) –
1281:Q28864861
1215:103804139
1101:103804139
580:Guangdong
425:in 1816.
409:jugularis
349:jugularis
338:jugularis
278:passerine
192:Species:
130:Kingdom:
124:Eukaryota
1323:Cinnyris
1275:Wikidata
1150:olbsun31
1124:olbsun31
1096:BirdLife
1027:Wikidata
975:Archived
837:(1816).
790:(1766).
774:2246/678
736:(1760).
537:Mindanao
521:Linnaeus
418:Cinnyris
393:for the
355:Taxonomy
320:and the
233:Synonyms
224:Linnaeus
185:Cinnyris
170:Family:
144:Chordata
140:Phylum:
134:Animalia
120:Domain:
97:IUCN 3.1
1295:8785663
1176:7340578
1083:Avibase
1033:Q766717
972:. 2014.
620:on the
533:Visayas
529:Mindoro
527:group,
290:Palawan
226:, 1766)
180:Genus:
160:Order:
150:Class:
95: (
70:Female
1241:286089
1228:233794
1202:916461
1189:145194
1163:CINNJU
1114:118830
603:flower
584:Hainan
576:Yunnan
547:Mearns
484:) and
1145:eBird
1137:5Z75C
1121:BOW:
994:eBird
819:8 May
525:Luzon
507:Luzon
56:Male
1290:GBIF
1223:NCBI
1210:IUCN
1197:ITIS
1171:GBIF
1158:EPPO
1109:BOLD
882:2024
821:2018
720:2024
679:2021
662:2016
535:and
509:and
262:The
154:Aves
1132:CoL
1070:AFD
1057:ADW
952:doi
919:hdl
909:doi
905:198
770:hdl
709:doi
666:doi
492:).
476:),
468:),
460:),
452:),
444:),
411:is
1314::
1292::
1277::
1251::
1238::
1225::
1212::
1199::
1186::
1173::
1160::
1147::
1134::
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1098::
1085::
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1044::
1029::
917:.
903:.
899:.
872:.
849:^
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