2646:
1055:
2344:
151:
2356:
462:
443:
2679:
2350:
1823:
1828:
707:
125:
741:, supposedly because the hindlimbs would have been used to propel it through water. Several of these features are no longer thought to be evidence of an aquatic lifestyle; for example, broad claws are seen in most early tetrapods, even those that are known to have been almost exclusively terrestrial, and the long hindlimbs of
728:
in 1907, although he later dismissed the idea. Anatomical features suggesting that it spent much of its time in the water include broad claws that seemed to be adaptations for paddling, thin jaws and numerous small teeth that seemed to be adapted for eating fish, and weakly developed bones, which are
492:
variations related to the ages of individuals. Smaller bones often have more poorly developed joint surfaces than larger bones, implying that they come from juvenile individuals while the larger bones come from adults. Analysis of the
476:
has a large skull with a deep snout. It has the longest skull of any early synapsid, reaching up to 50 centimetres (20 in) in one specimen. The jaws are lined with many small teeth. It was larger than most other
745:
would not have been an effective means of propulsion because the feet were still relatively small and had little surface area over which to form a paddle. Analysis of the vertebrae of
749:
indicate that it was most likely terrestrial and spent little time in water. A paleobiological inference model for the femur likewise suggests a terrestrial lifestyle for
819:
Maddin, H.C.; Evans, D.C. & Reisz, R.R. (2006). "An Early
Permian varanodontine varanopid (Synapsida: Eupelycosauria) from the Richards Spur Locality, Oklahoma".
2772:
2843:
2828:
760:
show a fast growth pattern called fibrolamellar bone (FLB), suggesting at least partial warm-bloodedness. The FLB pattern is also found in birds and mammals.
2853:
481:(four-limbed vertebrates) of its time, ranging from 1.6 to 3 metres (5.2 to 9.8 ft) in length and 26 to 230 kilograms (57 to 507 lb) in weight.
2759:
935:
2823:
2858:
2848:
803:
2833:
1088:
497:
or microscopic anatomy of bones suggests that differences in size represent different growth stages rather than different species.
2818:
997:"Microstructural features of the femur in early ophiacodontids: A reappraisal of ancestral habitat use and lifestyle of amniotes"
2645:
847:
137:
2838:
720:
most likely lived on land, but paleontologists have sometimes thought that it was semi-aquatic. An aquatic habitat for
2355:
2343:
150:
488:
vary greatly in size. These differences in size were once used to distinguish species, but are now recognized as
1167:
832:
2813:
1194:
1081:
643:
753:, even though the rather thick cortex might also suggest amphibious, rather than truly terrestrial habits.
2699:
2547:
2349:
1822:
668:
2785:
2454:
2428:
932:
436:
428:
228:
2746:
2512:
2480:
734:
651:
1827:
883:(Reptilia, Pelycosauria) from the Admiral and lower Belle Plains formations of west-central Texas".
2570:
1060:
2682:
2229:
2088:
2041:
1074:
1028:
950:
413:
336:
145:
41:
2790:
737:
proposed that hindlimbs with a greater length than forelimbs was another aquatic adaptation of
2777:
2169:
2142:
799:
664:
546:
857:. Vol. 8. Paleontological Society Special Publications. pp. 267–289. Archived from
2199:
1938:
1798:
1441:
1008:
975:
892:
828:
791:
689:
623:
610:
580:
567:
2737:
2265:
2108:
2048:
1908:
1864:
1152:
939:
672:
647:
409:
208:
848:"Evolutionary patterns in the history of Permo-Triassic and Cenozoic synapsid predators"
2593:
2524:
2222:
2151:
2071:
2034:
1992:
1983:
1735:
1639:
1584:
1573:
1530:
1496:
1406:
1281:
1179:
461:
442:
17:
2807:
2667:
2536:
2295:
2287:
2208:
2158:
2128:
2118:
2055:
1915:
1873:
1670:
1655:
1628:
1607:
1469:
1462:
1378:
858:
676:
639:
627:
557:
417:
82:
45:
964:"Microanatomy of the amniote femur and inference of lifestyle in limbed vertebrates"
2672:
2662:
2626:
2486:
2443:
2417:
2279:
2215:
2020:
2006:
1999:
1922:
1894:
1621:
1537:
1476:
1420:
1413:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1306:
896:
730:
421:
237:
2731:
2501:
2469:
2272:
2251:
2027:
1887:
1880:
1845:
1788:
1778:
1706:
1614:
1509:
1337:
1315:
1296:
795:
597:
542:
489:
375:
57:
1013:
996:
875:
Brinkman, D. (1988). "Size-independent criteria for estimating relative age in
706:
2616:
2606:
2559:
2386:
2373:
2307:
2237:
2185:
1969:
1748:
1663:
1648:
1558:
1551:
1523:
1448:
1434:
1050:
725:
693:
680:
655:
630:
614:
606:
601:
593:
584:
571:
550:
521:
517:
124:
102:
67:
2722:
2403:
2258:
1959:
1684:
1544:
1455:
1399:
1392:
1330:
1260:
1247:
1206:
1097:
494:
195:
162:
107:
51:
786:(Synapsida, Eupelycosauria) a Swimmer? A Test Using Vertebral Dimensions".
729:
seen in many other secondarily aquatic tetrapods. In 1940, paleontologists
2716:
2244:
2098:
2013:
1768:
1758:
1691:
1677:
1600:
1593:
1348:
1323:
1127:
1121:
635:
576:
478:
446:
405:
182:
97:
92:
77:
72:
62:
431:
in 1878 and currently includes five other species. As an ophiacodontid,
2764:
1427:
1136:
563:
513:
398:
112:
87:
980:
963:
2576:
1566:
1115:
589:
535:
526:
172:
2693:
439:
synapsids and is close to the evolutionary line leading to mammals.
1385:
705:
660:
530:
460:
441:
401:
2751:
685:
619:
420:
in North
America and Europe. The genus was named along with its
2697:
2371:
1843:
1245:
1108:
1070:
790:. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. p. 25.
1066:
914:
long bone histology: supporting the
Brinkman hypothesis".
962:
Quémeneur, S.; de Buffrénil, V. & Laurin, M. (2013).
833:
10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[957:aepvvs]2.0.co;2
933:
1035:. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. October 29, 2015
916:
Geological
Society of America Abstracts with Programs
2622:
2612:
2602:
2533:
2498:
2466:
2440:
2414:
2399:
2196:
2181:
2139:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2094:
2084:
1980:
1965:
1955:
1861:
1794:
1784:
1774:
1764:
1754:
1744:
1506:
1293:
1277:
319:
306:
293:
280:
267:
244:
2706:
2591:
2558:
2532:
2523:
2497:
2465:
2439:
2413:
2384:
2306:
2195:
2168:
2138:
2069:
1979:
1936:
1860:
1733:
1705:
1638:
1583:
1505:
1494:
1347:
1305:
1292:
1258:
1205:
1178:
1151:
1029:"Ancestry of mammalian 'warm-bloodedness' revealed"
782:Felice, R. N. & Angielczyk, K. D. (2014). "Was
469:
in the
American Museum of Natural History, New York
853:. In Kowalewski, M. & Kelley, P.H. (eds.).
846:Valkenburgh, B. van & Jenkins, I. (2002).
1082:
509:have been found in North America and Europe.
8:
788:Early Evolutionary History of the Synapsida
2694:
2529:
2392:
2381:
2368:
2174:
2077:
1948:
1944:
1857:
1853:
1840:
1730:
1515:
1502:
1302:
1270:
1266:
1255:
1242:
1184:
1157:
1148:
1105:
1089:
1075:
1067:
995:Laurin, M. & de Buffrénil, V. (2015).
123:
31:
1012:
979:
968:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
769:
777:
775:
773:
713:restored with a terrestrial lifestyle.
2844:Pennsylvanian genus first appearances
2829:Cisuralian synapsids of North America
951:John J. Stephens, Ophiacodon aus Ohio
724:was first proposed by paleontologist
7:
2854:Taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh
885:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
821:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
25:
2678:
2677:
2644:
2354:
2348:
2342:
1826:
1821:
1053:
149:
138:Field Museum of Natural History
2824:Cisuralian synapsids of Europe
897:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011695
855:The Fossil Record of Predation
397:(meaning "snake tooth") is an
1:
2859:Fossil taxa described in 1878
2849:Cisuralian genus extinctions
2834:Carboniferous North America
796:10.1007/978-94-007-6841-3_3
2875:
1014:10.1016/j.crpv.2015.01.001
27:Extinct genus of synapsids
2657:
2642:
2395:
2380:
2367:
2340:
2177:
2080:
1951:
1947:
1856:
1852:
1839:
1819:
1729:
1518:
1273:
1269:
1254:
1241:
1187:
1160:
1147:
1104:
342:
335:
264:
259:
243:
236:
146:Scientific classification
144:
131:
122:
34:
408:belonging to the family
2819:Carboniferous synapsids
910:Shelton, C.D. (2013). "
289:Romer & Price, 1940
1001:Comptes Rendus Palevol
714:
669:Belle Plains Formation
470:
453:
451:Ophiacodon retroversus
18:Ophiacodon navajovicus
2839:Permian North America
2786:Paleobiology Database
709:
464:
445:
429:Othniel Charles Marsh
1033:www.sciencedaily.com
735:Llewellyn Ivor Price
652:Wellington Formation
412:that lived from the
1061:Paleontology portal
864:on 17 October 2013.
529:: Lower Permian of
435:is one of the most
938:2013-04-03 at the
715:
471:
454:
427:by paleontologist
414:Late Carboniferous
42:Late Carboniferous
2801:
2800:
2700:Taxon identifiers
2691:
2690:
2653:
2652:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2587:
2586:
2363:
2362:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2170:Sphenacodontoidea
2143:Palaeohatteriidae
2065:
2064:
1932:
1931:
1835:
1834:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1725:
1724:
1701:
1700:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1224:
981:10.1111/bij.12066
805:978-94-007-6840-6
665:Admiral Formation
547:Joggins Formation
390:
389:
379:
329:
316:
303:
290:
277:
232:
16:(Redirected from
2866:
2794:
2793:
2781:
2780:
2768:
2767:
2755:
2754:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2695:
2681:
2680:
2648:
2624:
2614:
2604:
2535:
2530:
2500:
2468:
2442:
2416:
2401:
2393:
2382:
2369:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2200:Sphenacodontidae
2198:
2183:
2175:
2141:
2126:
2116:
2106:
2096:
2086:
2078:
1982:
1967:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1939:Haptodontiformes
1863:
1858:
1854:
1841:
1830:
1825:
1799:Protoclepsydrops
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1756:
1746:
1731:
1516:
1508:
1503:
1442:Lalieudorhynchus
1303:
1295:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1256:
1243:
1185:
1158:
1149:
1142:
1141:
1106:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1007:(1–2): 119–131.
992:
986:
985:
983:
959:
953:
948:
942:
930:
924:
923:
907:
901:
900:
872:
866:
865:
863:
852:
843:
837:
836:
816:
810:
809:
779:
690:Cutler Formation
624:Greene Formation
611:Cutler Formation
581:Cutler Formation
568:Cutler Formation
447:Life restoration
373:
327:
321:
314:
308:
301:
295:
288:
282:
275:
269:
249:Ophiacodon mirus
246:
227:
220:
207:
154:
153:
127:
117:
54:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2789:
2784:
2776:
2771:
2763:
2758:
2750:
2745:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2702:
2692:
2687:
2649:
2632:
2583:
2554:
2519:
2493:
2461:
2435:
2409:
2389:
2376:
2359:
2322:
2302:
2266:Secodontosaurus
2191:
2164:
2134:
2109:Hypselohaptodus
2074:
2061:
2049:Remigiomontanus
1975:
1941:
1928:
1909:Stereophallodon
1865:Ophiacodontidae
1848:
1831:
1805:
1721:
1697:
1634:
1579:
1499:
1482:
1343:
1288:
1263:
1250:
1221:
1201:
1174:
1168:Tetrapodomorpha
1153:Tetrapodomorpha
1143:
1111:
1110:
1100:
1095:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1027:
1026:
1022:
994:
993:
989:
961:
960:
956:
949:
945:
940:Wayback Machine
931:
927:
909:
908:
904:
874:
873:
869:
861:
850:
845:
844:
840:
818:
817:
813:
806:
781:
780:
771:
766:
704:
673:Clyde Formation
648:Clyde Formation
503:
459:
410:Ophiacodontidae
255:
252:
226:
218:
209:Ophiacodontidae
205:
148:
118:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
49:
48:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2872:
2870:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2814:Ophiacodontids
2806:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2782:
2769:
2756:
2743:
2728:
2712:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2620:
2610:
2599:
2597:
2594:Incertae sedis
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2573:
2564:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2541:
2539:
2527:
2525:Eutheriodontia
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2506:
2504:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2474:
2472:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2448:
2446:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2422:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2396:
2390:
2385:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2226:
2223:Ctenospondylus
2219:
2212:
2204:
2202:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2152:Palaeohatteria
2147:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2122:
2112:
2102:
2092:
2081:
2075:
2072:Sphenacodontia
2070:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2035:Melanedaphodon
2031:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1993:Bohemiclavulus
1988:
1986:
1984:Edaphosauridae
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1963:
1952:
1942:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1869:
1867:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1792:
1782:
1772:
1762:
1752:
1741:
1739:
1736:Incertae sedis
1727:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1652:
1644:
1642:
1640:Varanodontinae
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1589:
1587:
1585:Mesenosaurinae
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1574:Thrausmosaurus
1570:
1563:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1531:Archaeovenator
1527:
1519:
1513:
1500:
1497:Eupelycosauria
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1407:Cotylorhynchus
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1311:
1309:
1300:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1282:Diadectomorpha
1274:
1264:
1259:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1195:Reptiliomorpha
1188:
1182:
1180:Reptiliomorpha
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1161:
1155:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1109:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1047:
1046:
1020:
987:
974:(3): 644–655.
954:
943:
925:
902:
891:(2): 172–180.
867:
838:
827:(4): 957–966.
811:
804:
768:
767:
765:
762:
703:
700:
699:
698:
697:
696:
683:
658:
633:
617:
604:
587:
574:
555:
554:
553:
533:
524:
502:
499:
467:O. retroversus
458:
455:
388:
387:
386:
385:
380:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
340:
339:
333:
332:
331:
330:
317:
311:O. retroversus
304:
298:O. navajovicus
291:
278:
262:
261:
260:Other species
257:
256:
253:
241:
240:
234:
233:
216:
212:
211:
203:
199:
198:
193:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
142:
141:
129:
128:
120:
119:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
55:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2871:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2744:
2739:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2696:
2684:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2668:Phthinosuchia
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2647:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2549:
2548:Therocephalia
2545:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2537:Therocephalia
2531:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2496:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2438:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2297:
2296:Tetraceratops
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:Tappenosaurus
2285:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2209:Cryptovenator
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2159:Pantelosaurus
2156:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2129:Tetraceratops
2123:
2121:
2120:
2119:Kenomagnathus
2113:
2111:
2110:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2068:
2058:
2057:
2056:Xyrospondylus
2053:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1935:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1916:Stereorhachis
1913:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1874:Archaeothyris
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1829:
1824:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1671:Tambacarnifex
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:Mycterosaurus
1653:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1629:Microvaranops
1626:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1608:Elliotsmithia
1605:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1470:Ruthenosaurus
1467:
1465:
1464:
1463:Phreatophasma
1460:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1379:Callibrachion
1376:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1283:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1062:
1051:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
991:
988:
982:
977:
973:
969:
965:
958:
955:
952:
947:
944:
941:
937:
934:
929:
926:
921:
917:
913:
906:
903:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
871:
868:
860:
856:
849:
842:
839:
834:
830:
826:
822:
815:
812:
807:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
778:
776:
774:
770:
763:
761:
759:
756:Skeletons of
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
727:
723:
719:
712:
708:
701:
695:
691:
687:
684:
682:
678:
677:Wichita Group
674:
670:
666:
662:
659:
657:
653:
649:
645:
644:Pennsylvanian
641:
640:Ada Formation
637:
634:
632:
629:
628:Dunkard Group
625:
621:
618:
616:
612:
608:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
588:
586:
582:
578:
575:
573:
569:
565:
562:
561:
559:
558:United States
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
539:
537:
534:
532:
528:
525:
523:
519:
515:
512:
511:
510:
508:
500:
498:
496:
491:
487:
484:Specimens of
482:
480:
475:
468:
463:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
438:
434:
430:
426:
423:
419:
418:Early Permian
415:
411:
407:
403:
400:
396:
395:
384:
381:
377:
374:Huene, 1925 (
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
343:
341:
338:
334:
326:
325:
318:
313:
312:
305:
302:(Case, 1907 )
300:
299:
292:
287:
286:
279:
274:
273:
266:
265:
263:
258:
251:
250:
242:
239:
235:
230:
225:
224:
217:
214:
213:
210:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
168:
167:
164:
161:
158:
157:
152:
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
126:
121:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
53:
50:306–280
47:
46:Early Permian
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2707:
2673:Theriodontia
2663:Pelycosauria
2627:Niaftasuchus
2625:
2615:
2605:
2592:
2455:Dinocephalia
2444:Dinocephalia
2429:Biarmosuchia
2418:Biarmosuchia
2402:
2347:
2294:
2286:
2280:Steppesaurus
2278:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2228:
2221:
2216:Ctenorhachis
2214:
2207:
2184:
2157:
2150:
2127:
2117:
2107:
2097:
2087:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2021:Ianthasaurus
2019:
2012:
2007:Glaucosaurus
2005:
2000:Edaphosaurus
1998:
1991:
1968:
1958:
1923:Varanosaurus
1921:
1914:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1895:Echinerpeton
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1797:
1787:
1777:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1734:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1654:
1647:
1627:
1622:Mesenosaurus
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1572:
1565:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1538:Ascendonanus
1536:
1529:
1522:
1477:Trichasaurus
1475:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1421:Ennatosaurus
1419:
1414:Datheosaurus
1412:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1372:Arisierpeton
1370:
1365:Angelosaurus
1363:
1358:Alierasaurus
1356:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1314:
1307:Eothyrididae
1280:
1132:
1126:Superclass:
1037:. Retrieved
1032:
1023:
1004:
1000:
990:
971:
967:
957:
946:
928:
919:
915:
911:
905:
888:
884:
880:
876:
870:
859:the original
854:
841:
824:
820:
814:
787:
783:
757:
755:
750:
746:
742:
738:
731:Alfred Romer
721:
717:
716:
710:
702:Paleobiology
506:
504:
485:
483:
473:
472:
466:
465:Skeleton of
450:
432:
424:
422:type species
393:
392:
391:
382:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
346:Arribasaurus
345:
324:O. uniformis
323:
322:
310:
309:
297:
296:
284:
283:
271:
270:
248:
247:
238:Type species
222:
221:
189:
133:
132:Skeleton of
35:
29:
2732:Wikispecies
2513:Gorgonopsia
2502:Gorgonopsia
2487:dicynodonts
2481:Anomodontia
2470:Anomodontia
2273:Sphenacodon
2252:Macromerion
2042:Ramodendron
2028:Lupeosaurus
1888:Clepsydrops
1881:Baldwinonus
1846:Metopophora
1789:Mastersonia
1779:Knoxosaurus
1707:Metopophora
1615:Heleosaurus
1510:Varanopidae
1338:Vaughnictis
1316:Asaphestera
1297:Caseasauria
1039:October 29,
598:Chase Group
543:Nova Scotia
505:Remains of
490:ontogenetic
457:Description
376:preoccupied
371:Therosaurus
366:Theropleura
361:Poliosaurus
276:Romer, 1925
254:Marsh, 1878
2808:Categories
2738:Ophiacodon
2708:Ophiacodon
2661:See also:
2617:Kamagorgon
2607:Dinosaurus
2571:Cynodontia
2560:Cynodontia
2387:Therapsida
2374:Therapsida
2317:see below↓
2308:Therapsida
2238:Dimetrodon
2186:Shashajaia
1970:Milosaurus
1902:Ophiacodon
1749:Dimacrodon
1716:see below↓
1664:Ruthiromia
1649:Aerosaurus
1559:Nitosaurus
1552:Dendromaia
1524:Apsisaurus
1449:Martensius
1435:Euromycter
1216:see below↓
912:Ophiacodon
881:Dimetrodon
877:Ophiacodon
784:Ophiacodon
764:References
758:Ophiacodon
751:Ophiacodon
747:Ophiacodon
743:Ophiacodon
739:Ophiacodon
726:E. C. Case
722:Ophiacodon
718:Ophiacodon
694:Cisuralian
681:Cisuralian
656:Cisuralian
631:Cisuralian
615:Cisuralian
607:New Mexico
602:Cisuralian
594:Fort Riley
585:Cisuralian
572:Cisuralian
551:Kasimovian
522:Cisuralian
518:Kenilworth
507:Ophiacodon
486:Ophiacodon
474:Ophiacodon
433:Ophiacodon
394:Ophiacodon
328:Cope, 1878
315:Cope, 1878
223:Ophiacodon
140:, Chicago
36:Ophiacodon
2575:includes
2485:includes
2404:Raranimus
2259:Neosaurus
1960:Ianthodon
1685:Varanodon
1545:Eoscansor
1456:Oromycter
1400:Caseopsis
1393:Caseoides
1331:Oedaleops
1261:Synapsida
1248:Synapsida
1207:Synapsida
1128:Tetrapoda
1114:Kingdom:
1098:Synapsida
495:histology
479:tetrapods
383:Winfeldia
351:Dinopeles
196:Synapsida
169:Kingdom:
163:Eukaryota
2717:Wikidata
2683:Category
2245:Eosyodon
2230:Cutleria
2099:Haptodus
2089:Cutleria
2014:Gordodon
1769:Gorgodon
1759:Driveria
1692:Watongia
1678:Varanops
1601:Cabarzia
1594:Anningia
1349:Caseidae
1324:Eothyris
1122:Chordata
1120:Phylum:
1116:Animalia
936:Archived
922:(3): 68.
711:O. mirus
636:Oklahoma
577:Colorado
425:O. mirus
406:synapsid
356:Diopaeus
337:Synonyms
285:O. major
272:O. hilli
202:Family:
183:Chordata
179:Phylum:
173:Animalia
159:Domain:
134:O. mirus
2778:1039762
2765:4819429
2752:4530641
2723:Q284818
2577:mammals
1428:Eocasea
1137:Amniota
564:Arizona
514:England
416:to the
399:extinct
215:Genus:
136:in the
1567:Pyozia
802:
590:Kansas
536:Canada
527:France
231:, 1878
2791:38888
2773:IRMNG
1386:Casea
1133:Clade
862:(PDF)
851:(PDF)
661:Texas
531:Autun
501:Range
437:basal
402:genus
229:Marsh
190:Clade
2760:GBIF
2569:see
2546:see
2511:see
2479:see
2453:see
2427:see
1193:see
1166:see
1041:2015
879:and
800:ISBN
733:and
686:Utah
620:Ohio
58:PreꞒ
2747:EoL
1009:doi
976:doi
972:109
893:doi
829:doi
792:doi
541:(?)
449:of
404:of
44:to
2810::
2788::
2775::
2762::
2749::
2734::
2719::
1135::
1031:.
1005:15
1003:.
999:.
970:.
966:.
920:45
918:.
887:.
825:26
823:.
798:.
772:^
692:-
688::
679:-
675:,
671:,
667:,
663::
654:-
650:,
646:,
642:-
638::
626:,
622::
613:-
609::
600:-
596:,
592::
583:-
579::
570:-
566::
560::
549:-
545::
538::
520:-
516::
192::
108:Pg
52:Ma
2623:†
2613:†
2603:†
2534:†
2499:†
2467:†
2441:†
2415:†
2400:†
2299:?
2291:?
2283:?
2233:?
2197:†
2182:†
2140:†
2125:†
2115:†
2105:†
2095:†
2085:†
1981:†
1966:†
1956:†
1862:†
1802:?
1795:†
1785:†
1775:†
1765:†
1755:†
1745:†
1659:?
1562:?
1512:?
1507:†
1319:?
1299:?
1294:†
1285:?
1278:†
1090:e
1083:t
1076:v
1043:.
1017:.
1011::
984:.
978::
899:.
895::
889:8
835:.
831::
808:.
794::
378:)
320:†
307:†
294:†
281:†
268:†
245:†
219:†
206:†
113:N
103:K
98:J
93:T
88:P
83:C
78:D
73:S
68:O
63:Ꞓ
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
