Organic food - Knowledge (XXG)

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predominantly organic versus conventionally produced food controlling for socioeconomic factors; such studies would be expensive to conduct." A 2009 meta-analysis noted that "most of the included articles did not study direct human health outcomes. In ten of the included studies (83%), a primary outcome was the change in antioxidant activity. Antioxidant status and activity are useful biomarkers but do not directly equate to a health outcome. Of the remaining two articles, one recorded proxy-reported measures of atopic manifestations as its primary health outcome, whereas the other article examined the fatty acid composition of breast milk and implied possible health benefits for infants from the consumption of different amounts of conjugated linoleic acids from breast milk." In addition, as discussed above, difficulties in accurately and meaningfully measuring chemical differences between organic and conventional food make it difficult to extrapolate health recommendations based solely on chemical analysis.

616:. These concerns are driven by the facts that "(1) acute, massive exposure to pesticides can cause significant adverse health effects; (2) food products have occasionally been contaminated with pesticides, which can result in acute toxicity; and (3) most, if not all, commercially purchased food contains trace amounts of agricultural pesticides." However, as is frequently noted in the scientific literature: "What does not follow from this, however, is that chronic exposure to the trace amounts of pesticides found in food results in demonstrable toxicity. This possibility is practically impossible to study and quantify;" therefore firm conclusions about the relative safety of organic foods have been hampered by the difficulty in proper 861:

treatments (fertilizer, pesticide, etc.); soil composition; the cultivar used, and in the case of meat and dairy products, the parallel variables in animal production. Treatment of the foodstuffs after initial gathering (whether milk is pasteurized or raw), the length of time between harvest and analysis, as well as conditions of transport and storage, also affect the chemical composition of a given item of food. Additionally, there is evidence that organic produce is drier than conventionally grown produce; a higher content in any chemical category may be explained by higher concentration rather than in absolute amounts.

240:, especially those involved in the chemistry of life. This class of molecules includes everything likely to be considered edible, as well as most pesticides and toxins too, therefore the term "organic" and, especially, the term "inorganic" (sometimes wrongly used as a contrast by the popular press) as they apply to organic chemistry is an equivocation fallacy when applied to farming, the production of food, and to foodstuffs themselves. Properly used in this agricultural science context, "organic" refers to the methods grown and processed, not necessarily the chemical composition of the food. 1397:(e.g. EU Organic Regulations, NOP, etc. The Order on the Approval of the State Logo for Organic Products was approved by the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine in 2019. The state logo for organic products is registered as a trademark and owned by the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine. The requirements for proper use of the Ukrainian state logo for organic products and labelling are described on the website of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine as well as in the Methodical Recommendations on the Use of the State Logo for Organic Products. 837: 768:

significantly more likely to buy organic food regularly when compared to men, older age groups, people of different political affiliations, and less educated individuals. Income level and race/ethnicity did not appear to affect interest in organic foods in this same study. Furthermore, individuals who are only moderately-religious were more likely to purchase organic foods than individuals who were less religious or highly-religious. Additionally, the pursuit of organic foods was positively associated with valuing vegetarian/

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Americans to burnt material in the diet is ~2000 mg, and exposure to natural pesticides (the chemicals that plants produce to defend themselves) is ~1500 mg. In comparison, the total daily exposure to all synthetic pesticide residues combined is ~0.09 mg. Thus, we estimate that 99.99% of the pesticides humans ingest are natural. Despite this enormously greater exposure to natural chemicals, 79% (378 out of 479) of the chemicals tested for carcinogenicity in both rats and mice are synthetic (that is, do not occur naturally).

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2002 reaching more than $ 63 billion in 2011 while certified organic farmland remained relatively small at less than 2 percent of total farmland under production, increasing in OECD and EU countries (which account for the majority of organic production) by 35 percent for the same time period. Organic products typically cost 10% to 50% more than similar conventionally produced products, to several times the price. Processed organic foods vary in price when compared to their conventional counterparts.

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more natural than synthetic chemicals (by weight and by number), humans are exposed to an enormous background of rodent carcinogens, as defined by high-dose tests on rodents. We have shown that even though only a tiny proportion of natural pesticides in plant foods have been tested, the 29 that are rodent carcinogens among the 57 tested, occur in more than 50 common plant foods. It is probable that almost every fruit and vegetable in the supermarket contains natural pesticides that are rodent carcinogens.

1116: 902:) (5 studies) content; milk studies reported on beta-carotene (4 studies) and alpha-tocopherol levels (4 studies). Few studies examined vitamin content in meats, but these found no difference in beta-carotene in beef, alpha-tocopherol in pork or beef, or vitamin A (retinol) in beef. The authors analyzed 11 other nutrients reported in studies of produce. A 2011 literature review found that organic foods had a higher micronutrient content overall than conventionally produced foods. 555:

Technical University of Munich found that the greenhouse gas emissions of organically farmed plant-based food were lower than conventionally-farmed plant-based food. The greenhouse gas costs of organically produced meat were approximately the same as non-organically produced meat. However, the same paper noted that a shift from conventional to organic practices would likely be beneficial for long-term efficiency and ecosystem services, and probably improve soil over time.

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exported by rail and road. Export volumes by vessels decreased, in particular, air transportation for export from Ukraine became impossible. The largest importing countries of Ukrainian organic products in 2022 were the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Poland, Lithuania, the United States, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the Czech Republic. Ukrainian organic producers also exported to some countries in Asia and North America.

1461: 1254: 483: 1147: 350:(OFPA) and regulations in Title 7, Part 205 of the Code of Federal Regulations to respond to site-specific conditions by integrating cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. If livestock are involved, the livestock must be reared with regular access to pasture and without the routine use of antibiotics or 327: 29: 300: 1447: 4718:Średnicka-Tober, D; Barański, M; Seal, C; Sanderson, R; Benbrook, C; Steinshamn, H; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J; Rembiałkowska, E; Skwarło-Sońta, K; Eyre, M; Cozzi, G; Krogh Larsen, M; Jordon, T; Niggli, U; Sakowski, T; Calder, PC; Burdge, GC; Sotiraki, S; Stefanakis, A; Yolcu, H; Stergiadis, S; Chatzidimitriou, E; Butler, G; Stewart, G; Leifert, C (March 2016). 4767:Średnicka-Tober, D; Barański, M; Seal, CJ; Sanderson, R; Benbrook, C; Steinshamn, H; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J; Rembiałkowska, E; Skwarło-Sońta, K; Eyre, M; Cozzi, G; Larsen, MK; Jordon, T; Niggli, U; Sakowski, T; Calder, PC; Burdge, GC; Sotiraki, S; Stefanakis, A; Stergiadis, S; Yolcu, H; Chatzidimitriou, E; Butler, G; Stewart, G; Leifert, C (March 2016). 684:

it was found that levels of organophosphorus pesticide exposure dropped from negligible levels to undetectable levels when the children switched to an organic diet, the authors presented this reduction as a significant reduction in risk. The conclusions presented in Lu et al. were criticized in the literature as a case of bad scientific communication.

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organic food consumption is scarce, which has led researchers to call for more long-term studies. In addition, studies that suggest that organic foods may be healthier than conventional foods face significant methodological challenges, such as the correlation between organic food consumption and factors known to promote a healthy lifestyle. When the

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comparison to conventional food products by offering farmers subvention and extra support if they choose to produce organic food. Then and even today is the bench mark for organic food policy and certification of organic food in the whole world. The new European Organic food label and organic food policy was developed based on the 1987 Danish Model.

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supermarkets rapidly replaced the direct farmer connection. Today, many large corporate farms have an organic division. However, for supermarket consumers, food production is not easily observable, and product labeling, like "certified organic", is relied upon. Government regulations and third-party inspectors are looked to for assurance.

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countries were no longer available in Cuba, and many Cuban farms converted to organic methods out of necessity. Consequently, organic agriculture is a mainstream practice in Cuba, while it remains an alternative practice in most other countries. Although some products called organic in Cuba would not

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are not allowed with organic animal production. One of the major differences in organic animal husbandry protocol is the "pasture rule": minimum requirements for time on pasture do vary somewhat by species and between the certifying agencies, but the common theme is to require as much time on pasture

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and attitudinal characteristics. Several high quality surveys find that income, educational level, physical activity, dietary habits and number of children are associated with the level of organic food consumption. USA research has found that women, young adults, liberals, and college graduates were

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in 1993 determined that for infants and children, the major source of exposure to pesticides is through diet. A study published in 2006 by Lu et al. measured the levels of organophosphorus pesticide exposure in 23 school children before and after replacing their diet with organic food. In this study,

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While studies have shown via chemical analysis, as discussed above, that organically grown fruits and vegetables have significantly lower pesticide residue levels, the significance of this finding on actual health risk reduction is debatable as both conventional foods and organic foods generally have

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of chemicals, both natural and synthetic, and building a publicly available database of the results for the past ~30 years. Their work attempts to fill in the gaps in our scientific knowledge of the carcinogenicity of all chemicals, both natural and synthetic, as the scientists conducting the Project

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Early consumers interested in organic food would look for non-chemically treated, non-use of unapproved pesticides, fresh or minimally processed food. They mostly had to buy directly from growers. Later, "Know your farmer, know your food" became the motto of a new initiative instituted by the USDA in

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While organic food accounts for about 1% of total food production worldwide, the organic food sales market is growing rapidly with between 5 and 10 percent of the food market share in the United States according to the Organic Trade Association, significantly outpacing sales growth volume in dollars

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A 2009 systematic review found that organically produced foodstuffs are not richer in vitamins and minerals than conventionally produced foodstuffs. This systematic review found a lower nitrogen and higher phosphorus content in organic produced compared to conventionally grown foodstuffs. Content of

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3) Because the toxicology of natural and synthetic chemicals is similar, one expects (and finds) a similar positivity rate for carcinogenicity among synthetic and natural chemicals. The positivity rate among chemicals tested in rats and mice is ~50%. Therefore, because humans are exposed to so many

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reviewed the literature on organic foods in 2012, they found that "current evidence does not support any meaningful nutritional benefits or deficits from eating organic compared with conventionally grown foods, and there are no well-powered human studies that directly demonstrate health benefits or

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As of 2012, the scientific consensus is that while "consumers may choose to buy organic fruit, vegetables and meat because they believe them to be more nutritious than other food.... the balance of current scientific evidence does not support this view." The evidence of beneficial health effects of

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There is little scientific evidence of benefit or harm to human health from a diet high in organic food, and conducting any sort of rigorous experiment on the subject is very difficult. A 2012 meta-analysis noted that "there have been no long-term studies of health outcomes of populations consuming

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Rock, Cheryl L.; Thomson, Cynthia; Gansler, Ted; Gapstur, Susan M.; McCullough, Marjorie L.; Patel, Alpa V.; Andrews, Kimberly S.; Bandera, Elisa V.; Spees, Colleen K.; Robien, Kimberly; Hartman, Sheri; Sullivan, Kristen; Grant, Barbara L.; Hamilton, Kathryn K.; Kushi, Lawrence H.; Caan, Bette J.;

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In 1987, the first Danish Action Plan was implemented which was meant to support and stimulate farmers to switch from conventional food production systems to organic ones . Since then Denmark has constantly worked on further developing the market by promoting organic food and keeping prices low in

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In 2012, organic products accounted for 7.8% of the total retail consumption market in Denmark, the highest national market share in the world. Many public institutions have voluntarily committed themselves to buy some organic food and in Copenhagen 75% of all food served in public institutions is

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In April 2021, Sri Lanka started its "100% organic farming" program, banning imports of chemical fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides. In November 2021, it was announced that the country will lift its import ban, explained by both a lack of sudden changes to widely applied practices or education

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China's organic food production was originally for exportation in the early 2000s. Due to the food safety crisis since the late 2000s, China's domestic market outweighed the exportation market. The organic food production in China involves diverse players. Besides certified organic food production

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has stated that no evidence exists that the small amount of pesticide residue found on conventional foods will increase the risk of cancer, although it recommends thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables. They have also stated that there is no research to show that organic food reduces cancer risk

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being 69% higher. Studies on phytochemical composition of organic crops have numerous deficiencies, including absence of standardized measurements and poor reporting on measures of variability, duplicate or selective reporting of data, publication bias, lack of rigor in studies comparing pesticide

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Organic food sales increased from just over £100 million in 1993/94 to £1.21 billion in 2004 (an 11% increase on 2003). In 2010, the UK sales of organic products fell 5.9% to £1.73 billion. 86% of households buy organic products, the most popular categories being dairies (30.5% of sales) and

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Organic agriculture has higher potential costs due to lower yields and higher labor costs, leading to higher consumer prices. Demand for organic foods is primarily driven by concerns for personal health and for the environment. Global sales for organic foods climbed by more than 170 percent since

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Organic meat certification in the United States requires farm animals to be raised according to USDA organic regulations throughout their lives. These regulations require that livestock are fed certified organic food that contains no animal byproducts. Further, organic farm animals can receive no

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Organic farming typically reduces some environmental impact relative to conventional farming, but the scale of reduction can be difficult to quantify and varies depending on farming methods. In some cases, reducing food waste and dietary changes might provide greater benefits. A 2020 study at the

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In Ukraine, organic is regulated in accordance with the Law of Ukraine On Basic Principles and Requirements for Organic Production, Circulation and Labelling of Organic Products. Majority of Ukrainian producers, processing units, traders are also certified under international organic legislation

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According to the European Commission's Report, in 2022, Ukraine ranked the 3rd out of 125 countries by volume of organic products imported to the EU. Thus, in 2022, the EU imported 2.73 million tonnes of organic agri-food products, including 219 thousand tonnes (8%) from Ukraine, which is 85% of

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Production and consumption of organic products is rising rapidly in Asia, and both China and India are becoming global producers of organic crops and a number of countries, particularly China and Japan, also becoming large consumers of organic food and drink. The disparity between production and

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A 2012 meta-analysis determined that detectable pesticide residues were found in 7% of organic produce samples and 38% of conventional produce samples. This result was statistically heterogeneous, potentially because of the variable level of detection used among these studies. Only three studies

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A 2020 study on marketing processed organic foods shows that, after much growth in the fresh organic foods sector, consumers have started to buy processed organic foods, which they sometime perceive to be just as healthy or even healthier than the non-organic version – depending on the marketing

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The most important reason for purchasing organic foods seems to be beliefs about the products' health-giving properties and higher nutritional value. These beliefs are promoted by the organic food industry, and have fueled increased demand for organic food despite higher prices and difficulty in

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2) It has often been wrongly assumed that humans have evolved defenses against the natural chemicals in our diet but not against the synthetic chemicals. However, defenses that animals have evolved are mostly general rather than specific for particular chemicals; moreover, defenses are generally

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Processed organic food usually contains only organic ingredients. If non-organic ingredients are present, at least a certain percentage of the food's total plant and animal ingredients must be organic (95% in the United States, Canada, and Australia). Foods claiming to be organic must be free of

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Ukraine exported 245,600 metric tons of organic products in the amount of USD 219 million to 36 countries around the world which is almost the same as in 2021 (261,000 metric tonnes, USD 222 million). 95% of organic products from Ukraine were exported to European countries. Most products were

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In 2005 the organic food market was only worth about US$ 13 billion. By 2012 the total size of the organic food market in the United States was about $ 30 billion (out of the total market for organic and natural consumer products being about $ 81 billion) In 2020 the organic food

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The Environmental Protection Agency maintains strict guidelines on the regulation of pesticides by setting a tolerance on the amount of pesticide residue allowed to be in or on any particular food. Although some residue may remain at the time of harvest, residue tend to decline as the pesticide

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ingredients. Pesticides are allowed as long as they are not synthetic. However, under US federal organic standards, if pests and weeds are not controllable through management practices, nor via organic pesticides and herbicides, "a substance included on the National List of synthetic substances

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practices, with or without certification, and the individual consumer monitored. Small specialty health food stores and co-operatives were instrumental to bringing organic food to a wider audience. As demand for organic foods continued to increase, high-volume sales through mass outlets such as

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1) The vast proportion of chemicals that humans are exposed to occur naturally. Nevertheless, the public tends to view chemicals as only synthetic and to think of synthetic chemicals as toxic despite the fact that every natural chemical is also toxic at some dose. The daily average exposure of

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variables, and are difficult to generalize due to differences in the tests that were done, the methods of testing, and because the vagaries of agriculture affect the chemical composition of food; these variables include variations in weather (season to season as well as place to place); crop

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There is no good evidence that organic food tastes better than its non-organic counterparts. There is evidence that some organic fruit is drier than conventionally grown fruit; a slightly drier fruit may also have a more intense flavor due to the higher concentration of flavoring substances.

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based on government-defined standards to market food as organic within their borders. In the context of these regulations, foods marketed as organic are produced in a way that complies with organic standards set by national governments and international organic industry trade organizations.

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Organic food sales have grown by 17 to 20 percent a year in the early 2000s while sales of conventional food have grown only about 2 to 3 percent a year. The US organic market grew 9.5% in 2011, breaking the $ 30bn barrier for the first time, and continued to outpace sales of non-organic

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For the vast majority of its history, agriculture can be described as having been organic; only during the 20th century was a large supply of new products, generally deemed not organic, introduced into food production. The organic farming movement arose in the 1940s in response to the

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In the industrial era, organic gardening reached a modest level of popularity in the United States in the 1950s. In the 1960s, environmentalists and the counterculture championed organic food, but it was only in the 1970s that a national marketplace for organic foods developed.

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Many people believe that organic foods have higher content of nutrients and thus are healthier than conventionally produced foods. However, scientists have not been equally convinced that this is the case as the research conducted in the field has not shown consistent results.

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According to a newer review, studies found adverse effects of certain pesticides on children's cognitive development at current levels of exposure. Many pesticides show neurotoxicity in laboratory animal models and some are considered to cause endocrine disruption.

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total Ukrainian organic export. Thus, Ukraine had leading positions among the exporting countries to the EU, having exported 93 thousand tonnes (77.1%) of cereals (excluding wheat and rice) and 20 thousand tonnes (22%) of organic oilseeds (excluding soybeans).

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Barański, M; Srednicka-Tober, D; Volakakis, N; Seal, C; Sanderson, R; Stewart, GB; Benbrook, C; Biavati, B; Markellou, E; Giotis, C; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J; Rembiałkowska, E; Skwarło-Sońta, K; Tahvonen, R; Janovská, D; Niggli, U; Nicot, P; Leifert, C (2014).

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For a product to become USDA organic certified, the farmer cannot plant genetically modified seeds and livestock cannot eat genetically modified plants. Farmers must provide substantial evidence showing there was no genetic modification involved in the

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reported the prevalence of contamination exceeding maximum allowed limits; all were from the European Union. A 2014 meta-analysis found that conventionally grown produce was four times more likely to have pesticide residue than organically grown crops.

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In China the increasing demand for organic products of all kinds, and in particular milk, baby food and infant formula, has been "spurred by a series of food scares, the worst being the death of six children who had consumed baby formula laced with

760:, shipping, storage, and handling makes it difficult to generalize results. Claims that "organic food tastes better" are generally not supported by tests, but consumers often perceive organic food produce like fruits and vegetables to taste better. 1178:

mainly conducted by private organic food companies, there are also non-certified organic farming practiced by entrepreneurs and civil society organizations. These initiatives have unique marketing channels such as ecological farmers' markets and

699:(ACS) has stated their official position that "whether organic foods carry a lower risk of cancer because they are less likely to be contaminated by compounds that might cause cancer is largely unknown." Reviews have noted that the risks from 1189:

estimated domestic sales of organic food products to be around US$ 500 million per annum as of 2013. This is predicted to increase by 30 percent to 50 percent in 2014. As of 2015, organic foods made up about 1% of the total Chinese food

804:, making the Chinese market for organic milk the largest in the world as of 2014. A Pew Research Center survey in 2012 indicated that 41% of Chinese consumers thought of food safety as a very big problem, up by three times from 12% in 2008. 263:

September 2009. Personal definitions of what constituted "organic" were developed through firsthand experience: by talking to farmers, seeing farm conditions, and farming activities. Small farms grew vegetables (and raised livestock) using

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A 2012 survey of the scientific literature did not find significant differences in the vitamin content of organic and conventional plant or animal products, and found that results varied from study to study. Produce studies reported on

3070:; Hunter, GE; Bavinger, JC; Pearson, M; Eschbach, PJ; Sundaram, V; Liu, H; Schirmer, P; Stave, C; Olkin, I; Bravata, DM (4 September 2012). "Are organic foods safer or healthier than conventional alternatives?: a systematic review". 3868: 4578:

Hunter, Duncan; Foster, Meika; McArthur, Jennifer O.; Ojha, Rachel; Petocz, Peter; Samman, Samir (July 2011). "Evaluation of the Micronutrient Composition of Plant Foods Produced by Organic and Conventional Agricultural Methods".

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Reeve, J. R.; Hoagland, L. A.; Villalba, J. J.; Carr, P. M.; Atucha, A.; Cambardella, C.; Davis, D. R.; Delate, K. (1 January 2016). "Chapter Six – Organic Farming, Soil Health, and Food Quality: Considering Possible Links".

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region implemented in 2005, explicitly requires that the food in nursery and primary schools (from 3 months to 10 years) must be 100% organic, and the food in meals at schools, universities and hospitals must be at least 35%

1434:, for example), Cuba exports organic citrus and citrus juices to EU markets that meet EU organic standards. Cuba's forced conversion to organic methods may position the country to be a global supplier of organic products. 772:

food options, "natural" food options, and USA-made food options. Organic food may also be more appealing to people who follow other restricted diets. One study found that individuals who adhered to vegan, vegetarian, or

924:. Another meta-analysis published the same year found no significant differences in levels of saturated and monounsaturated fat between organic and conventional milk, but significantly higher levels of overall and n-3 387:

in light of unknown risks of nanotechnology. The use of nanotechnology-based products in the production of organic food is prohibited in some jurisdictions (Canada, the UK, and Australia) and is unregulated in others.

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systems and contemporary economics and, by extension, food security, protests and high food costs. The effort for the first transition to a completely organic farming nation was further challenged by effects of the

1237:(IFOAM). A 2021 news report found that "globally, only Bhutan has a complete ban on synthetic pesticides". A 2018 study found that "current organic by default farming practices in Bhutan are still underdeveloped". 4379: 1168:

demand, is leading to a two-tier organic food industry, typified by significant and growing imports of primary organic products such as dairy and beef from Australia, Europe, New Zealand and the United States.

4769:"Higher PUFA and n-3 PUFA, conjugated linoleic acid, α-tocopherol and iron, but lower iodine and selenium concentrations in organic milk: a systematic literature review and meta- and redundancy analyses" 1810: 1233:

In 2013 the government of Bhutan announced that the country will become the first in the world with 100% organic farming and started a program for qualification. This program is being supported by the

1065:(7% in organic produce and 6% in conventional produce). Differences in the prevalence of bacterial contamination between organic and conventional animal products were also statistically insignificant. 5730: 960:

or other heavy metals differed significantly between organic and conventional food products. However, a 2014 review found lower concentrations of cadmium, particularly in organically grown grains.

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Toxicological examination of synthetic chemicals, without similar examination of chemicals that occur naturally, has resulted in an imbalance in both the data on and the perception of chemical

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Regulation (EU) 2018/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on organic production and labeling of organic products and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007.

1234: 2282: 5288: 745:. Consumers purchase organic foods for different reasons, including concerns about the effects of conventional farming practices on the environment, human health, and animal welfare. 4239:

Baudry, Julia; Rebouillat, Pauline; Allès, Benjamin; Cravedi, Jean-Pierre; Touvier, Mathilde; Hercberg, Serge; Lairon, Denis; Vidal, Rodolphe; Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle (1 July 2021).

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Some foods which are picked when unripe, such as bananas, are cooled to prevent ripening while they are shipped to market, and then are induced to ripen quickly by exposing them to

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allowed for use in organic crop production may be applied to prevent, suppress, or control pests, weeds, or diseases". Several groups have called for organic standards to prohibit

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There is a widespread public belief that organic food is safer, more nutritious, and better tasting than conventional food, which has largely contributed to the development of an

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Aschemann, J., U. Hamm, S. Naspetti, and R Zanoli"The Organic Market." In Organic Farming: An international History, by W. Lockeretz, 123–151. Wallingford, Oxfordshire:CABI, 2007

3916:"Tracing seeds, in particular fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds, in relation to the Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O104:H4 2011 Outbreaks in Germany and France". 1360:

In 2005 7 percent of Polish consumers buy food that was produced according to the EU-Eco-regulation. The value of the organic market is estimated at 50 million euros (2006).

294: 5087: 4021:"Higher antioxidant and lower cadmium concentrations and lower incidence of pesticide residues in organically grown crops: a systematic literature review and meta-analyses" 3136:

Mie, Axel; Andersen, Helle Raun; Gunnarsson, Stefan; Kahl, Johannes; Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle; Rembiałkowska, Ewa; Quaglio, Gianluca; Grandjean, Philippe (27 October 2017).

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or healthier to eat than conventional food. Organic agriculture has higher production costs and lower yields, higher labor costs, and higher consumer prices as compared to

5802: 216:, which relied on "imported fertility" and "cannot be self-sufficient nor an organic whole". Early soil scientists also described the differences in soil composition when 828:, chemicals produced by plants to induce their own ripening; as flavor and texture changes during ripening, this process may affect those qualities of the treated fruit. 5049:

Conflicting demands of agricultural production and environmental conservation: consumers' perception of the quality and safety of food (2004). Filho, Walter Leal (ed.).

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Hurtado-Barroso, Sara; Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna; Vallverdú-Queralt, Anna; Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María (30 November 2017). "Organic food and the impact on human health".

729:, from organic food consumption, but reviews have found little evidence that the actual incidence of outbreaks can be positively linked to organic food production. The 5955:"Retail Sales of Certified Organic Food Products in Canada in 2006. Organic food is not all organic. only food labeled with a 100% organic sticker are pesticide-free/" 2071: 2339: 2217: 5359: 1343:

In 2011, 7.4% of all food products sold in Austrian supermarkets (including discount stores) were organic. In 2007, 8,000 different organic products were available.

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Bourn D, Prescott J (January 2002). "A comparison of the nutritional value, sensory qualities, and food safety of organically and conventionally produced foods".

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Organic food sales surpassed $ 1 billion in 2006, accounting for 0.9% of food sales in Canada. By 2012, Canadian organic food sales reached $ 3 billion.

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70%–80% of the local organic production, amounting to 100 million euros in 2010, is exported. The organic products market grew to 50 million euros in 2010.

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With respect to chemical differences in the composition of organically grown food compared with conventionally grown food, studies have examined differences in

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Scott, Steffanie; Si, Zhenzhong; Schumilas, Theresa and Chen, Aijuan. (2018). Organic Food and Farming in China: Top-down and Bottom-up Ecological Initiatives

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The amount of pesticides that remain in or on food is called pesticide residue. In the United States, before a pesticide can be used on a food crop, the U.S.

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confirming these claimed benefits scientifically. Organic labels also stimulate the consumer to view the product as having more positive nutritional value.

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Magkos, Faidon; Arvaniti, Fotini; Zampelas, Antonis (2006). "Organic Food: Buying More Safety or Just Peace of Mind? A Critical Review of the Literature".

5537: 212:(1940), out of his conception of "the farm as organism", to describe a holistic, ecologically balanced approach to farming—in contrast to what he called 6449: 5313: 3971: 4815:"Pesticides Health and Safety Information." National Pesticides Information Center. National Pesticides Information Center, 1 Apr.2014.Web.9 Nov.2015. 4691:

Pretty, J.N.; Ball, A.S.; Lang, T.; Morison, J.I.L. (2005). "Farm costs and food miles: An assessment of the full cost of the UK weekly food basket".

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as fertilizer, compared to conventional farming in general. This practice seems to imply an increased risk of microbiological contamination, such as

5954: 5894: 680: 5693: 5488: 4241:"Estimated dietary exposure to pesticide residues based on organic and conventional data in omnivores, pesco-vegetarians, vegetarians and vegans" 5075: 1938: 4945: 4436: 4298:"Comparison of Consumer Perceptions and Preference Toward Organic Versus Conventionally Produced Foods: A Review and Update of the Literature" 1329:

organic. A governmental action plan initiated in 2012–2014 aims at 60% organic food in all public institutions across the country before 2020.

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vitamin C, calcium, potassium, total soluble solids, copper, iron, nitrates, manganese, and sodium did not differ between the two categories.

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emissions as increased overseas land use for production and import of crops would be needed to make up for lower organic yields domestically.

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residue levels in organic and conventional crops, the geographical origin of samples, and inconsistency of farming and post-harvest methods.

730: 5853: 4490:"Marketing Processed Organic Foods: The Impact of Promotional Message Framing (Vice Vs. Virtue Advertising) on Perceptions of Healthfulness" 6809: 6277: 6061: 5931: 3687: 3337:

Forman, Joel; Silverstein, Janet; Committee on Nutrition; Council on Environmental Health; American Academy of Pediatrics (November 2012).

347: 6165: 3716: 6088: 3535:

Canavari, M., Asioli, D., Bendini, A., Cantore, N., Gallina Toschi, T., Spiller, A., Obermowe, T., Buchecker, K. and Lohmann, M. (2009).

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Blair, Robert. (2012). Organic Production and Food Quality: A Down to Earth Analysis. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK. Pages 72, 223, 225.

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breaks down over time. In addition, as the commodities are washed and processed prior to sale, the residues often diminish further.

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Demand for organic foods is primarily driven by consumer concerns for personal health and the environment, such as the detrimental

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Organic products accounted for 3.7% of total food and beverage sales, and 11.4% of all fruit and vegetable sales in the year 2009.

1201:

and baby food accounted for approximately 5.5 per cent of sales in 2011. Australian organic infant formula and baby food producer

59:. Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming features practices that cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve 5023: 4532: 948:, has been found to be lower when grown organically as compared to conventionally. When evaluating environmental toxins such as 558:

A 2019 life-cycle assessment study found that converting the total agricultural sector (both crop and livestock production) for

2527: 1186: 1179: 1024: 909:

than conventional chicken. The authors found no difference in the protein or fat content of organic and conventional raw milk.

464:"Less Than 70% Organic Ingredients": Three of the organic ingredients must be listed under the ingredient section of the label. 4622: 3203: 1159:

of conventional food products. World organic food sales jumped from US$ 23 billion in 2002 to $ 63 billion in 2011.

6799: 6665: 5694:

US organic market continues to outpace conventional food sales growth Recent Growth Patterns in the U.S. Organic Foods Market

4914: 2592: 669: 588: 1696:

Tully, Katherine L.; McAskill, Cullen (1 September 2020). "Promoting soil health in organically managed systems: a review".

1311:

British Columbians account for 13% of the Canadian population, but purchased 26% of the organic food sold in Canada in 2006.

4648:

Magkos, F; Arvaniti, F; Zampelas, A (2003). "Organic food: Nutritious food or food for thought? A review of the evidence".

2221: 2044: 646:. Three points that we have discussed indicate that comparisons should be made with natural as well as synthetic chemicals. 5822: 5706: 5438: 3278:

Brantsæter, Anne Lise; Ydersbond, Trond A.; Hoppin, Jane A.; Haugen, Margaretha; Meltzer, Helle Margrete (20 March 2017).

2152: 468:

In the U.S., the food label "natural" or "all natural" does not mean that the food was produced and processed organically.

6340: 5363: 6010: 1209:, reported that exports of long-life organic milk to China had grown by 20 to 30 per cent per year over the same period. 1206: 107: 4848:

Kibbe, Debra; Black, Jessica Donze; Wiedt, Tracy L.; McMahon, Catherine; Sloan, Kirsten; Doyle, Colleen (9 June 2020).

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Currently, the European Union, the United States, Canada, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain

19:

This article is about food that complies with the standards of organic farming. For food advertised as "natural", see

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Some studies reported health and food safety as the number one quality attribute considered by organic produce buyers

2493:"Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development Authority – NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION" 395:, products must be grown and manufactured in a manner that adheres to standards set by the country they are sold in: 5990: 4350: 1286:

In 2003 organic products were available in nearly 20,000 natural food stores and 73% of conventional grocery stores.

2895: 925: 921: 836: 191: 6422: 6707: 4720:"Composition differences between organic and conventional meat: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis" 4159:

Brantsæter, Anne Lise; Ydersbond, Trond A.; Hoppin, Jane A.; Haugen, Margaretha; Meltzer, Helle Margrete (2017).

2352: 1480: 1062: 801: 2017: 6726: 5772: 2776: 2606: 1615: 1515: 723: 444: 331: 236:

content of soil. This is different from the scientific use of the term "organic" in chemistry, which refers to

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A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis found that organic meat had comparable or slightly lower levels of

243:

Ideas that organic food could be healthier and better for the environment originated in the early days of the

3890: 668:) well below government established guidelines for what is considered safe. This view has been echoed by the 6201:"On Basic Principles and Requirements for Organic Production, Circulation and Labelling of Organic Products" 5564:"Is Bhutan destined for 100% organic? Assessing the economy-wide effects of a large-scale conversion policy" 3979: 1035: 949: 696: 384: 153:

supplies. These environmental and health issues are intended to be minimized or avoided in organic farming.

3537:

Summary report on sensory-related socio-economic and sensory science literature about organic food products

1349:

Since 2000, the use of some organic food is compulsory in Italian schools and hospitals. A 2002 law of the

6396: 6151: 1198: 627:'s Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database Network, has been systemically testing the 272: 5663: 3972:"Deciphering Organic Foods: A Comprehensive Guide to Organic Food Production, Consumption, and Promotion" 1292:

As of 2012, many independent organic food processors in the USA had been acquired by multinational firms.

1205:

have reported that their sales in this market grew 70 per cent annually over the period 2008–2013, while

455:"100% Organic": This means that all ingredients are produced organically. It also may have the USDA seal. 6794: 6690: 6278:

https://minagro.gov.ua/napryamki/organichne-virobnictvo/markuvannya-organichnoyi-produkciyi-abo-sirovini

673: 665: 596: 339: 319: 288: 225: 161: 87: 6660: 6166:

https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-07/analytical-brief-2-eu-organic-imports-2022_en.pdf

5965: 5905: 1788: 6065: 3536: 2582:"USDA organic: what qualifies as organic?" Massage Therapy Journal Spring 2011: 36+. Academic OneFile. 71:

in the farming methods used to produce such products. Organic foods are typically not processed using

6624: 6011:

Organic food and farming: A driver for sustainable development in Scotland with learning from Denmark

5575: 3649: 3149: 3001: 2936: 2843: 1705: 1594: 1530: 1431: 1408:

fresh fruits and vegetables (23.2% of sales). As of 2011, 4.2% of UK farmland is organically managed.

1202: 742: 375: 173: 130: 4949: 1942: 1087:, and they must be raised using techniques that protect native species and other natural resources. 6747: 6721: 4564: 1092: 917: 351: 315:

and organic food are more commonly known as ecological or biological, or in short 'eco' and 'bio'.

221: 111: 6137: 6109: 6039: 2990:"The greenhouse gas impacts of converting food production in England and Wales to organic methods" 6773: 6670: 6123: 5562:

Feuerbacher, Arndt; Luckmann, Jonas; Boysen, Ole; Zikeli, Sabine; Grethe, Harald (13 June 2018).

4879: 4673: 4604: 4511: 4317: 4278: 3691: 3515: 3430: 3260: 3095: 2925:"Calculation of external climate costs for food highlights inadequate pricing of animal products" 2794: 1894:"The Betteshanger Summer School: Missing link between biodynamic agriculture and organic farming" 1729: 1586: 1466: 906: 707:

are likely to be much more significant than short term or chronic risks from pesticide residues.

165: 86:, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain 4901: 2619:

M. Tahat, Monther; M. Alananbeh, Kholoud; A. Othman, Yahia; I. Leskovar, Daniel (January 2020).

2378: 33: 3720: 1911: 6642: 6597: 6571: 6552: 6526: 6505: 6484: 6285: 6236: 6173: 5611: 5593: 5264: 5056: 5050: 4897: 4896:

2013 November, "The ruling on organic foods: are they worth the extra price?" "Healthy Years"

4871: 4798: 4749: 4665: 4596: 4270: 4262: 4190: 4139: 4104: 4050: 3948: 3837: 3788: 3759:"Organic diets significantly lower children's dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticides" 3740: 3665: 3571: 3507: 3467: 3422: 3368: 3360: 3319: 3311: 3252: 3244: 3185: 3167: 3087: 3067: 3027: 2988:

Smith, Laurence G.; Kirk, Guy J. D.; Jones, Philip J.; Williams, Adrian G. (22 October 2019).

2970: 2952: 2877: 2859: 2757: 2683: 2132: 2077: 2023: 1990: 1847: 1721: 1571: 1565: 1222: 1018: 692: 634: 613: 406: 5463: 4176: 3296: 3279: 2340:

Organic Production Systems General Principles And Management Standards (CAN/CGSB-32.310-2006)

2314:

A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials

1839: 620:

and relatively small number of studies directly comparing organic food to conventional food.

6768: 6683: 6632: 6214: 5668: 5601: 5583: 5254: 5113: 4861: 4788: 4780: 4739: 4731: 4700: 4657: 4588: 4501: 4309: 4252: 4221: 4180: 4172: 4131: 4094: 4086: 4040: 4032: 3925: 3827: 3819: 3778: 3770: 3657: 3561: 3499: 3414: 3350: 3301: 3291: 3236: 3175: 3157: 3083: 3079: 3017: 3009: 2960: 2944: 2867: 2851: 2784: 2747: 2739: 2673: 2665: 2632: 1893: 1713: 1675: 1520: 1505: 941: 895: 777:

diet patterns incorporated substantially more organic foods in their diets when compared to

654:

inducible and therefore protect well from low doses of both synthetic and natural chemicals.

367: 244: 237: 72: 6200: 4160: 3138:"Human health implications of organic food and organic agriculture: a comprehensive review" 362:, and are often processed with fewer artificial methods, materials and conditions, such as 6298: 6249: 6186: 6017: 5997: 5734: 5139: 4536: 3621: 1253: 1105: 1080: 757: 715: 700: 451:

In the United States, there are four different levels or categories for organic labeling:

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must determine whether that pesticide can be used without posing a risk to human health.

98:

may actually be organic, selling food with an organic label is regulated by governmental

6628: 5579: 4850:"American Cancer Society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention" 3855: 3653: 3153: 3005: 2940: 2847: 1709: 1129:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

6804: 6731: 6590: 6585: 6317: 5807: 5606: 5563: 5411: 5239: 5001: 4793: 4768: 4744: 4719: 4099: 4074: 4045: 4020: 3832: 3807: 3783: 3758: 3180: 3137: 3022: 2989: 2965: 2924: 2896:"Organic meats found to have approximately the same greenhouse impact as regular meats" 2872: 2831: 2752: 2727: 2678: 2653: 2125: 1350: 1194: 1146: 981: 956:

levels. Early literature reviews found no significant evidence that levels of arsenic,

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in conventional farming has caused, and is causing, enormous damage worldwide to local

380: 359: 308: 160:. From the perspective of science and consumers, there is insufficient evidence in the 150: 95: 83: 76: 5538:"Swiss to vote on whether to become first European nation to ban synthetic pesticides" 5052:

Ecological agriculture and rural development in Central and Eastern European countries

5027: 3634: 595:

Prevalent use of antibiotics in livestock used in non-organic meat is a key driver of

482: 6788: 6545: 6540: 5118: 5101: 4883: 4515: 4321: 4297: 4282: 3566: 3549: 2798: 2492: 2192: 1733: 1536: 1495: 1485: 1272: 1052: 969: 913: 887: 879: 849: 229: 4677: 4608: 4488:

Anghelcev, George; McGroarty, Siobhan; Sar, Sela; Moultrie, Jas; Huang, Yan (2020).

4209: 3519: 3434: 3264: 3099: 2535: 1376:, the Swiss organic producers' association, provides guidelines for organic farmers. 6763: 6263: 6228: 5492: 3210: 1510: 1500: 1426: 1422: 1244:

In 2010, the Japanese organic market was estimated to be around $ 1.3 billion.

1001: 753: 617: 142: 60: 20: 4918: 4704: 4506: 4489: 4090: 3240: 3116: 2166: 2098: 6520: 6499: 6478: 5588: 4529: 4210:"Purchasing Organic Food in U.S. Food Systems: A Study of Attitudes and Practice" 4135: 2313: 1679: 756:

contents of organically and conventionally produced food, the variable nature of

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have not been supported by the evidence in the medical literature. Likewise, the

5830: 3945:

America Goes Green: An Encyclopedia of Eco-friendly Culture in the United States

3929: 2832:"Many shades of gray — The context-dependent performance of organic agriculture" 1618:. Agricultural Marketing Service, US Department of Agriculture. 12 December 2018 1475: 1452: 1185:

China's domestic organic market is the fourth largest in the world. The Chinese

1088: 1084: 977: 857: 789: 688: 540: 536: 169: 146: 138: 99: 4123: 3013: 2948: 1717: 28: 6344: 5216: 4784: 4735: 4661: 4592: 4296:

Yiridoe, Emmanuel; Bonti-Ankomah, Samuel; C. Martin, Ralph (1 December 2005).

4257: 4240: 4225: 4036: 3503: 3418: 3162: 2789: 2743: 1525: 1442: 1373: 1005: 985: 764: 643: 628: 528: 524: 520: 363: 276: 126: 122: 118: 68: 5597: 5268: 4266: 4075:"Effects of organic food consumption on human health; the jury is still out!" 3364: 3315: 3248: 3171: 2956: 2863: 1725: 1587:"Toxic Chemicals: Banned In Organics But Common in "Natural" Food Production" 3757:

Lu, C; Toepel, K; Irish, R; Fenske, RA; Barr, DB; Bravo, R (February 2006).

3734: 3661: 3614: 2506: 997: 989: 899: 891: 883: 853: 845: 821: 687:

More specifically, claims related to pesticide residue of increased risk of

548: 532: 134: 64: 63:. Organizations regulating organic products may restrict the use of certain 6646: 5615: 5259: 5152: 4875: 4802: 4753: 4669: 4600: 4274: 4194: 4108: 4054: 3841: 3792: 3575: 3511: 3426: 3372: 3355: 3338: 3323: 3256: 3189: 3091: 3031: 2974: 2881: 2855: 2761: 2687: 2669: 2269: 2019:

From Head Shops to Whole Foods: The Rise and Fall of Activist Entrepreneurs

1964: 461:"Made With Organic Ingredients": Contains at least 70% organic ingredients. 346:

In the United States, organic production is managed in accordance with the

275:

and was also spurred by food-related health scares like the concerns about

6613:"Resource-Conserving Agriculture Increases Yields in Developing Countries" 5515:"Presentation on Science Based High Yielding Organic Agriculture by IFOAM" 5489:"Bhutan set to plough lone furrow as world's first wholly organic country" 5132: 4128:

Believe It or Not: The History, Culture, and Science Behind Health Beliefs

3823: 3669: 2923:

Pieper, Maximilian; Michalke, Amelie; Gaugler, Tobias (15 December 2020).

2557: 2300: 1868: 1748: 623:

Additionally, the Carcinogenic Potency Project, which is a part of the US

299: 4185: 3306: 993: 937: 825: 797: 778: 769: 749: 2702:"Social, Cultural, Institutional and Economic Aspects of Eutrophication" 6426: 5514: 4866: 4849: 4313: 2637: 2620: 1057: 973: 957: 953: 792:

are also important motivating factors in the purchase of organic food.

559: 435: 6637: 6612: 5240:"The Uptake of Organic Agriculture: A Decade of Worldwide Development" 3339:"Organic foods: health and environmental advantages and disadvantages" 2356: 1840:"Ecological Knowledge: Foundation for Sustainable Organic Agriculture" 1446: 4917:. US Environmental Protection Agency. 20 October 2014. Archived from 3774: 3550:"A Review of the Nutrition Claims Made by Proponents of Organic Food" 2728:"Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards" 1791:. Harvard Health Publishing, Harvard Medical School. 9 September 2015 1425:

in 1991, agricultural inputs that had previously been purchased from

719: 371: 217: 52: 6547:

Food Politics: How the Food Industry Influences Nutrition and Health

5780: 5336: 4948:. United States Department of Agriculture. July 2013. Archived from 4915:"Pesticides and Food: What the Pesticide Residue Limits are on Food" 2400: 1869:"The Farm as Organism: The Foundational Idea of Organic Agriculture" 1430:

satisfy certification requirements in other countries (crops may be

952:, the USDA has noted that organically raised chicken may have lower 5895:"Retail Sales of Certified Organic Food Products in Canada in 2006" 5728:

Natural / Organic Consumer Segmentation, A Total Market Perspective

4208:

Onyango, Benjamin; Hallman, William; Bellows, Anne (January 2006).

1991:"Farming and Gardening for Health or Disease (The Soil and Health)" 1912:"Farming and Gardening for Health or Disease (The Soil and Health)" 1567:

The Business of Food: Encyclopedia of the Food and Drink Industries

440:

New Zealand: there are three bodies; BioGro, AsureQuality, and OFNZ

3603: 1261:

is a market leader of organic grocery stores in the United States.

1252: 1145: 945: 835: 704: 612:

Claims of improved safety of organic food have largely focused on

563: 233: 27: 6314:"Organic statistics – the shape of organic food and farming" 6152:"Export of organic products from Ukraine World (2022, countries)" 6062:"Wirtschaftlicher Durchbruch für Bio-Fachhandel im Jubiläumsjahr" 271:

In the 1970s, interest in organic food grew with the rise of the

5692:

Caroline Scott-Thomas for FoodNavigator-USA.com, 24 April 2012.

5387:"Organic food: Companies pay $ 50,000 for Chinese certification" 3589: 2705: 920:

as conventional meat, but higher levels of both overall and n-3

6679: 6215:"Про затвердження державного логотипа для органічної продукції" 5517:. Bhutan Minister for Agriculture and Forests. 16 December 2013 5076:

Global organic sales reach $ 63 billion, U.S. is largest market

3891:"Analysis: E.coli outbreak poses questions for organic farming" 733:, however, was blamed on organically farmed fenugreek sprouts. 458:"Organic": At least 95% or more of the ingredients are organic. 434:

Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Producción Orgánica, department of

4380:"Food safety in China opens doors for Australia's agri sector" 1660: 1658: 1643:. European Commission: Agriculture and Rural Development. 2014 1540:, a book about pesticides and the environment by Rachel Carson 1109: 624: 592:

disease protection as a result of consuming an organic diet."

477: 428:

Indonesia: BIOCert, run by Agricultural Ministry of Indonesia.

5726:

Carl Edstrom of IRI and Kathryn Peters of SPINS October 2013

5177:

Global organic sales reach $ 63 billion, Ag Professional

4549:

Transcript: Bananas: The Uncertain Future Of A Favorite Fruit

4530:

Ethylene: The Ripening Hormone Ethylene: The Ripening Hormone

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to organic farming methods would result in a net increase in

4161:"Organic Food in the Diet: Exposure and Health Implications" 3280:"Organic Food in the Diet: Exposure and Health Implications" 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 1691: 1689: 1197:

market with $ 12.4 billion in sales annually; of this,

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to support claims that organic food is either substantially

6522:

Health Benefits of Organic Food: Effects of the Environment

6480:

Organic food: consumers' choices and farmers' opportunities

5636:. Osaka: Agricultural Trade Office of Japan. Archived from 2422: 1271:

Organic food is the fastest growing sector of the American

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Expensive organic vegetables at an Australian grocery store

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Organic farming § Regional support for organic farming

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compared to foods grown with conventional farming methods.

184:

Further information on the production of organic food:

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Barański, M; Rempelos, L; Iversen, PO; Leifert, C (2017).

334:(run by the USDA) is in charge of the legal definition of 5932:"Canada's organic market now fourth largest in the world" 5464:"Sri Lanka ends farm chemical ban as organic drive fails" 5439:"Sri Lanka's Plunge Into Organic Farming Brings Disaster" 4565:"Organic Food No More Nutritious than Non-organic: Study" 3117:

Nutritional quality of organic foods: a systematic review

2045:"Quick thoughts on the USDA's 'Know Your Farmer' program" 1235:

International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements

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and pesticide residues, and 17% higher concentrations of

972:

composition found that organically grown crops had lower

5188:"#5002-40 The Asian Market For Organic Food & Drink" 4623:"Organic meats, milk contain more omega-3s, study finds" 3119:

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 92(1) 203–210

2381:. Canada Gazette, Government of Canada. 21 December 2006 6592:

The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals

6421:

Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología de Cuba.

6138:"Sales of organic products in 2016-2022: Export market" 6110:"Sales of organic products in 2016-2022: Export market" 2470: 2127:

The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals

494: 6671:

India – National Program for Organic Production (NPOP)

5707:"US organic food market to grow 14% from 2013 to 2018" 3061: 2193:"Organic Regulations | Agricultural Marketing Service" 905:

Similarly, organic chicken contained higher levels of

5664:"How Trader Joe's Sells Twice As Much As Whole Foods" 4411:"Chinese babies looking for more Aussie organic milk" 4351:"Organic labels- A consumers satisfaction for health" 3808:"OP Pesticides, Organic Diets, and Children's Health" 3554:

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety

3059: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3041: 425:

India: National Program for Organic Production (NPOP)

295:

List of countries with organic agriculture regulation

6501:

Encyclopedia of Organic, Sustainable, and Local Food

5437:

Wipulasena, Aanya; Mashal, Mujib (7 December 2021).

4972:"How does USDA define the term organic? | USDA" 4650:

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition

3602:

National Center for Computational Toxicology (NCCT)

2423:"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs" 1372:

As of 2012, 11 per cent of Swiss farms are organic.

55:

produced by methods complying with the standards of

6756: 6740: 6714: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3382: 2325:Staff, The Organic & Non-GMO Report, May 2010. 1939:"Towards a Sustainable Agriculture—The Living Soil" 980:than conventionally grown crops. Concentrations of 6589: 6544: 6388:Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 6089:"Rich or poor, Swiss are big fans of organic food" 5100:Winter, Carl K.; Davis, Sarah F. (November 2006). 2124: 6477:Canavari, Maurizio; Olson, Kent D., eds. (2007). 4547:Fresh Air, National Public Radio. 30 August 2011 6450:"Cuba's Food & Agriculture Situation Report" 6229:https://sis.nipo.gov.ua/en/search/detail/822840/ 5688: 5686: 5335:Chandran, Nyshka; Eunice Yoon (2 January 2015). 5153:"The Global Market for Organic Food & Drink" 5088:OECD Compendium of Agri-Environmental Indicators 4220:(5). Emerald Group Publishing Limited: 407–409. 2593:Interpreting Food Labels: Natural versus Organic 2316:. National Academies Press: Washington DC. 2012. 1818:Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health 940:content in certain vegetables, especially green 5360:"Special Report – How Big Formula bought China" 4998:"All differences in one table by EU regulation" 4528:Washington State University Extension Office. 4068: 4066: 4064: 3736:Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children 3531: 3529: 2301:Nanotechnology: The Next Challenge for Organics 1635: 1633: 247:as a result of publications like the 1943 book 6124:"Organic export from Ukraine (2022, overview)" 5803:"What Is Organic? Powerful Players Want a Say" 4581:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 3615:Publicly available Toxnet database from US NLM 3407:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 3229:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 3111: 3109: 2268:Staff, National Pesticide Information Center. 2218:"Access to Pasture Rule for Organic Livestock" 856:residues. These studies generally suffer from 232:nitrogen do not. Their respective use affects 6691: 5412:"Why is there a food emergency in Sri Lanka?" 5312:. Australia China Connections. Archived from 2171:United States Environmental Protection Agency 220:were used as "organic", because they contain 16:Food complying with organic farming standards 8: 6423:"DirecciÓn de Investigaciones Agropecuarias" 5821:Greene, Catherine; Dimitri, Carolyn (2003). 3943:White, Kim Kennedy; Duram, Leslie A (2013). 3204:"The Food Standards Agency's Current Stance" 2197:United States Agricultural Marketing Service 1876:Elementals: Journal of Bio-Dynamics Tasmania 1182:emerging in and around Chinese major cities. 547:supplies, and sometimes farmers' health and 4013: 4011: 4009: 4007: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3869:"Food additives, safety, and organic foods" 2830:Seufert, Verena; Ramankutty, Navin (2017). 2353:"Steps to Certification – Within Australia" 928:in organic milk than in conventional milk. 748:While there may be some differences in the 253:Farming and Gardening for Health or Disease 6698: 6684: 6676: 5310:"Australia's Share of China's organic pie" 5247:Journal of Social and Development Sciences 5217:"Industry Statistics and Projected Growth" 4558: 4556: 3719:. UK Food Standards Agency. Archived from 2825: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2777:"Pesticides spark broad biodiversity loss" 1564:Allen, Gary J.; Albala, Ken, eds. (2007). 6636: 5605: 5587: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5258: 5117: 4865: 4792: 4743: 4505: 4256: 4184: 4124:"Organic Foods: A Healthier Alternative?" 4098: 4044: 3858:Environ Health Perspect.114(4) A210–A211. 3831: 3782: 3590:"The Carcinogenic Potency Project (CPDB)" 3565: 3462: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3354: 3305: 3295: 3179: 3161: 3021: 2964: 2871: 2788: 2751: 2677: 2636: 2621:"Soil Health and Sustainable Agriculture" 2564:. Consejo Nacional de Producción Orgánica 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1610: 1608: 307:Organic food production is distinct from 6448:Office of Global Analysis (March 2008). 4974:. Usda.gov. 24 June 2004. Archived from 4940: 4938: 4936: 4826:"Common questions about diet and cancer" 4177:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044437 3635:"Rodent carcinogens: Setting priorities" 3485: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3297:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044437 2303:, Journal of Organic Systems, 3(1) 3–22. 1279:market was worth over $ 56 billion. 325: 298: 238:a class of molecules that contain carbon 5773:"Organic food sales see healthy growth" 5337:"China goes organic amid food scandals" 5211: 5209: 4373: 4371: 4337:Joanna Schroeder for Academics Review. 4122:Kramer, Michael S. (28 December 2023). 3966: 3964: 3681: 3679: 3084:10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00007 1550: 968:A 2014 meta-analysis of 343 studies on 840:Organic vegetables at a farmers' market 763:The appeal of organic food varies with 180:Meaning, history and origin of the term 6666:UK Organic certification and standards 6294: 6283: 6245: 6234: 6182: 6171: 5989:Danish Agriculture & Food Council 5219:. Organic Trade Association. June 2010 4437:"Organic exports to China on the rise" 4302:Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 3711: 3709: 2327:Canada bans nanotechnology in organics 1844:Organic farming: the ecological system 5823:"Organic Agriculture: Gaining Ground" 5747:"Organic food sales in the U.S. 2020" 4467:Pew Research Global Attitudes Project 4417:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation 3947:. California: ABC-CLIO. p. 180. 2918: 2916: 2151:Labeling, article 30 and Annex IV of 2016:Davis, Joshua Clark (8 August 2017). 1585:Vallaeys, Charlotte (November 2010). 1556: 1554: 731:2011 Germany E. coli O104:H4 outbreak 417:Poland: Association of Polish Ecology 7: 6617:Environmental Science and Technology 6519:Givens, D. Ian; et al. 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University of California Press. 5142:, Organic Trade Association, 2010. 4494:Journal of Food Products Marketing 4409:Stewart, Emily (4 December 2013). 3739:. National Academies Press; 1993. 3688:"Should I Purchase Organic Foods?" 2658:Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2451:. Stowarzyszenie "Polska Ekologia" 1207:Organic Dairy Farmers of Australia 788:Psychological effects such as the 515:Environmental impact of pesticides 197:industrialization of agriculture. 14: 6040:"Bio-Aufwärtstrend in Österreich" 3818:(10): A572, author reply A572–3. 2726:Aktar; et al. (March 2009). 2299:Paull, J. & Lyons, K. (2008) 1995:Journey to forever online library 1916:Journey to forever online library 399:Australia: NASAA Organic Standard 5852:Strom, Stephanie (7 July 2012). 5631:"Japanese Organic Market Report" 5629:Motomura, Chika (20 June 2013). 5385:Han, Esther (17 November 2013). 5119:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00196.x 5078:, Ag Professional, 25 June 2013. 4946:"Organic Livestock Requirements" 4724:The British Journal of Nutrition 4463:"What Chinese are worried about" 4025:The British Journal of Nutrition 3806:Krieger RI; et al. (2006). 3567:10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00108.x 2775:Sharon Oosthoek (17 June 2013). 2654:"Water pollution by agriculture" 2449:(Google translated into English) 2338:Canada General Standards Board. 1459: 1445: 1114: 481: 5854:"Has 'Organic' Been Oversized?" 5662:Lutz, Ashley (7 October 2014). 5055:. IOS Press. pp. 147–148. 3633:Gold L.S.; et al. (1992). 2652:Brian Moss (12 February 2008). 2131:. New York: The Penguin Press. 1187:Organic Food Development Center 1180:community-supported agriculture 1025:Environmental Protection Agency 5827:USDA Economic Research Service 4165:Annual Review of Public Health 3284:Annual Review of Public Health 2379:"Organic Products Regulations" 2220:. Ams.usda.gov. Archived from 1838:Drinkwater, Laurie E. (2009). 1055:determined that prevalence of 670:U.S. Department of Agriculture 589:American Academy of Pediatrics 338:in the United States and does 1: 6038:Typisch.at (RollAMA survey). 6000:Page accessed 3 January 2015. 5878:McEvoy, Miles (20 May 2013). 5362:. EuroMonitor. Archived from 4705:10.1016/j.foodpol.2005.02.001 4507:10.1080/10454446.2020.1792022 4091:10.1080/16546628.2017.1287333 4079:Food & Nutrition Research 3548:Rosen, Joseph D. (May 2010). 3241:10.1080/10408398.2017.1394815 2471:"Debio Organic certification" 2270:Organic Pesticide Ingredients 2097:US EPA, OECA (24 July 2015). 2070:Albala, Ken (27 March 2015). 2022:. Columbia University Press. 1846:. ASA-CSSA-SSSA. p. 19. 1842:. In Francis, Charles (ed.). 1193:China is the world's biggest 711:Microbiological contamination 279:that arose in the mid-1980s. 6341:"Organic market report 2011" 5589:10.1371/journal.pone.0199025 5536:Revill, John (8 June 2021). 4773:British Journal of Nutrition 4245:Food and Chemical Toxicology 4136:10.1007/978-3-031-46022-7_16 3918:EFSA Supporting Publications 2558:"Ley de Productos Orgánicos" 2049:Grist * A Beacon in the Smog 1680:10.1016/bs.agron.2015.12.003 1096:as possible and reasonable. 474:Environmental sustainability 303:EU logo for organic products 108:US Department of Agriculture 6810:Environmental controversies 5882:. Clarksdale: Penton Media. 4384:Australia China Connections 4378:Chen, Jue (February 2014). 3930:10.2903/sp.efsa.2011.EN-176 3733:National Research Council. 3072:Annals of Internal Medicine 2312:National Research Council. 1674:. Academic Press: 319–367. 1491:List of organic food topics 926:polyunsaturated fatty acids 922:polyunsaturated fatty acids 718:has a preference for using 6828: 3747:. Retrieved 10 April 2006. 3014:10.1038/s41467-019-12622-7 2949:10.1038/s41467-020-19474-6 1898:Journal of Organic Systems 1718:10.1007/s13165-019-00275-1 1616:"National Organic Program" 1421:After the collapse of the 1103: 1016: 632:described in the journal, 512: 292: 286: 192:History of organic farming 189: 183: 94:. Although the produce of 18: 6498:Duram, Leslie A. (2010). 6087:SwissInfo (31 May 2012). 4785:10.1017/S0007114516000349 4736:10.1017/S0007114515005073 4662:10.1080/09637480120092071 4593:10.1080/10408391003721701 4258:10.1016/j.fct.2021.112179 4228:– via ResearchGate. 4226:10.1108/00070700710746803 4037:10.1017/S0007114514001366 3871:. American Cancer Society 3504:10.1080/10408690290825439 3419:10.1080/10408690490911846 3163:10.1186/s12940-017-0315-4 3115:Dangour AD et al. (2009) 2790:10.1038/nature.2013.13214 2744:10.2478/v10102-009-0001-7 1997:. Faber and Faber Limited 1918:. Faber and Faber Limited 1570:. ABC-CLIO. p. 288. 1481:Genetically modified food 1384:During 2022, despite the 1123:This section needs to be 1063:statistically significant 802:2008 Chinese milk scandal 681:National Research Council 679:A study published by the 102:authorities, such as the 82:In the 21st century, the 5771:Hansen, Nanette (2004). 5495:online. 11 February 2013 5000:. ICROFS. Archived from 4535:12 December 2018 at the 4339:Organic Marketing Report 3763:Environ. Health Perspect 3620:18 February 2013 at the 2123:Pollan, Michael (2006). 1789:"Should you go organic?" 1516:Regenerative agriculture 445:National Organic Program 332:National Organic Program 104:National Organic Program 90:to market their food as 6455:. FAS. USDA. p. 33 5106:Journal of Food Science 3812:Environ Health Perspect 3662:10.1126/science.1411524 3604:DSSTox Official Website 2355:. NASAA. Archived from 1941:. IFOAM. Archived from 1811:"History of food, p. 3" 1641:"Organic certification" 1047:Bacterial contamination 1036:American Cancer Society 697:American Cancer Society 385:precautionary principle 6312:Organic Centre Wales. 6016:3 January 2015 at the 5996:3 January 2015 at the 5260:10.22610/jsds.v2i3.660 5026:. USDA. Archived from 3690:. USDA. Archived from 3492:Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 3356:10.1542/peds.2012-2579 2856:10.1126/sciadv.1602638 2670:10.1098/rstb.2007.2176 1262: 1199:organic infant formula 1151: 1061:contamination was not 841: 666:maximum residue limits 661: 343: 304: 273:environmental movement 133:may negatively affect 37: 6800:Product certification 6596:. The Penguin Press. 6568:Pesticides on a Plate 5090:, OECD, 25 June 2013. 3824:10.1289/ehp.114-a572a 2994:Nature Communications 2929:Nature Communications 2528:"Organic Foods: MAFF" 2076:. SAGE Publications. 2051:. Grist Magazine, Inc 1256: 1149: 839: 674:Food Standards Agency 640: 597:antibiotic resistance 513:Further information: 414:United Kingdom: DEFRA 340:organic certification 329: 320:special certification 302: 289:Organic certification 88:special certification 32:Organic produce at a 31: 6429:on 27 September 2007 6368:"Farming with Fidel" 5953:Macey, Anne (2007). 5893:Macey, Anne (2007). 5733:14 July 2014 at the 5238:Paull, John (2011). 4921:on 28 September 2015 4214:British Food Journal 3142:Environmental Health 2607:Decoding Food Labels 2244:"Labeling: Preamble" 1989:Howard, Sir Albert. 1910:Howard, Sir Albert. 1867:John, Paull (2006). 1668:Advances in Agronomy 1595:Cornucopia Institute 1531:Organic food culture 1432:genetically modified 1257:As of October 2014, 1004:were elevated, with 894:) (12 studies), and 832:Chemical composition 743:organic food culture 431:Japan: JAS Standards 383:on the basis of the 376:genetically modified 174:conventional farming 131:conventional farming 6748:The Non-GMO Project 6629:2006EnST...40.1114P 6347:on 31 December 2011 6068:on 30 December 2012 5783:on 26 December 2013 5643:on 22 February 2015 5580:2018PLoSO..1399025F 5418:. 20 September 2021 5358:Harney, Alexandra. 5292:New York: Routledge 5192:Ecovia Intelligence 5138:1 June 2013 at the 5024:"Access to pasture" 3654:1992Sci...258..261S 3154:2017EnvHe..16..111M 3066:Smith-Spangler, C; 3006:2019NatCo..10.4641S 2941:2020NatCo..11.6117P 2848:2017SciA....3E2638S 2732:Interdiscip Toxicol 2359:on 16 February 2011 1945:on 24 February 2015 1937:Balfour, Lady Eve. 1900:, 2011, 6(2):13–26. 1892:Paull, John (2011) 1710:2020OrgAg..10..339T 1698:Organic Agriculture 1093:genetic engineering 918:monounsaturated fat 907:omega-3 fatty acids 703:sources or natural 370:, solvents such as 112:European Commission 6774:Ecological farming 6402:on 5 November 2013 6390:"Cuban GMO Vision" 6339:Soil Association. 6009:Soil Association. 5858:The New York Times 5811:: 1 November 2005. 5443:The New York Times 5133:Organic Food Facts 4867:10.3322/caac.21591 4629:. 18 February 2016 4355:watershedpedia.com 4314:10.1079/RAF2005113 3982:on 29 October 2016 3976:novapublishers.com 3854:Alex Avery (2006) 2638:10.3390/su12124859 1467:Agriculture portal 1263: 1152: 1013:Pesticide residues 842: 800:" in 2009 and the 664:pesticide levels ( 614:pesticide residues 608:Pesticide exposure 493:. You can help by 344: 305: 166:medical literature 38: 6782: 6781: 6638:10.1021/es051670d 6603:978-1-59420-082-3 6577:978-0-9549542-6-0 6558:978-0-520-25403-9 6532:978-1-84593-459-0 6511:978-0-313-35963-7 6490:978-0-387-39581-4 6320:on 7 October 2007 6293:Missing or empty 6244:Missing or empty 6181:Missing or empty 5801:Warner, Melanie. 5062:978-1-58603-439-9 5030:on 22 August 2014 5004:on 5 October 2016 4978:on 9 October 2015 4952:on 21 August 2014 4567:. Reuters Health. 4145:978-3-031-46022-7 3954:978-1-59884-657-7 3648:(5080): 261–265. 3472:978-0-8138-1217-5 3349:(5): e1406–1415. 3216:on 31 March 2010. 2224:on 31 August 2014 2167:"Organic Farming" 2099:"Organic Farming" 2083:978-1-5063-1730-4 1853:978-0-89118-173-6 1577:978-0-313-33725-3 1223:COVID-19 pandemic 1203:Bellamy's Organic 1144: 1143: 1019:Pesticide residue 890:(a precursor for 765:demographic group 737:Public perception 574:Health and safety 511: 510: 407:EU-Eco-regulation 393:certified organic 364:chemical ripening 309:private gardening 125:, and the use of 6817: 6769:Organic movement 6700: 6693: 6686: 6677: 6650: 6640: 6623:(4): 1114–1119. 6607: 6595: 6581: 6562: 6550: 6536: 6515: 6494: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6460: 6454: 6445: 6439: 6438: 6436: 6434: 6425:. Archived from 6418: 6412: 6411: 6409: 6407: 6401: 6395:. Archived from 6394: 6385: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6374: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6343:. Archived from 6336: 6330: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6316:. 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Archived from 1815: 1807: 1801: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1785: 1764: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1744: 1738: 1737: 1693: 1684: 1683: 1662: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1637: 1628: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1612: 1603: 1599: 1591: 1581: 1558: 1521:Soil Association 1506:Organic clothing 1469: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1455: 1450: 1449: 1139: 1136: 1130: 1118: 1117: 1110: 942:leafy vegetables 896:alpha-tocopherol 886:) (31 studies), 539:, biodiversity, 506: 503: 485: 478: 405:European Union: 368:food irradiation 283:Legal definition 245:organic movement 222:carbon compounds 214:chemical farming 210:Look to the Land 204:coined the term 202:Lord Northbourne 6827: 6826: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6814: 6785: 6784: 6783: 6778: 6752: 6736: 6710: 6704: 6657: 6610: 6604: 6586:Pollan, Michael 6584: 6578: 6570:. PAN-UK (UK). 6566:PAN-UK (2008). 6565: 6559: 6539: 6533: 6518: 6512: 6497: 6491: 6476: 6473: 6471:Further reading 6468: 6458: 6456: 6452: 6447: 6446: 6442: 6432: 6430: 6420: 6419: 6415: 6405: 6403: 6399: 6392: 6387: 6386: 6382: 6372: 6370: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6338: 6337: 6333: 6323: 6321: 6311: 6310: 6306: 6292: 6282: 6276: 6275: 6271: 6262: 6261: 6257: 6243: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6222: 6213: 6212: 6208: 6199: 6198: 6194: 6180: 6170: 6164: 6163: 6159: 6150: 6149: 6145: 6136: 6135: 6131: 6122: 6121: 6117: 6108: 6107: 6103: 6093: 6091: 6086: 6085: 6081: 6071: 6069: 6059: 6058: 6054: 6044: 6042: 6037: 6036: 6032: 6027: 6023: 6018:Wayback Machine 6008: 6004: 5998:Wayback Machine 5991:Organic Farming 5988: 5984: 5974: 5972: 5968: 5957: 5952: 5951: 5947: 5937: 5935: 5929: 5928: 5924: 5914: 5912: 5908: 5897: 5892: 5891: 5887: 5877: 5876: 5872: 5862: 5860: 5851: 5850: 5846: 5836: 5834: 5833:on 15 June 2006 5820: 5819: 5815: 5800: 5796: 5786: 5784: 5770: 5769: 5765: 5755: 5753: 5745: 5744: 5740: 5735:Wayback Machine 5725: 5721: 5711: 5709: 5704: 5703: 5699: 5691: 5684: 5674: 5672: 5661: 5660: 5656: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5633: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5574:(6): e0199025. 5561: 5560: 5556: 5546: 5544: 5535: 5534: 5530: 5520: 5518: 5513: 5512: 5508: 5498: 5496: 5487: 5486: 5482: 5472: 5470: 5462: 5461: 5457: 5447: 5445: 5436: 5435: 5431: 5421: 5419: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5369: 5367: 5357: 5356: 5352: 5342: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5319: 5317: 5307: 5306: 5297: 5287: 5283: 5273: 5271: 5242: 5237: 5236: 5232: 5222: 5220: 5215: 5214: 5207: 5197: 5195: 5194:. February 2011 5186: 5185: 5181: 5176: 5172: 5162: 5160: 5157:Organic Monitor 5151: 5150: 5146: 5140:Wayback Machine 5131: 5127: 5102:"Organic Foods" 5099: 5098: 5094: 5086: 5082: 5074: 5070: 5063: 5048: 5047: 5043: 5033: 5031: 5022: 5021: 5017: 5007: 5005: 4996: 4995: 4991: 4981: 4979: 4970: 4969: 4965: 4955: 4953: 4944: 4943: 4934: 4924: 4922: 4913: 4912: 4908: 4895: 4891: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4831: 4829: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4814: 4810: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4730:(6): 994–1011. 4717: 4716: 4712: 4690: 4689: 4685: 4647: 4646: 4642: 4632: 4630: 4621: 4620: 4616: 4577: 4576: 4572: 4562: 4561: 4554: 4546: 4542: 4537:Wayback Machine 4527: 4523: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4472: 4470: 4460: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4435: 4434: 4430: 4420: 4418: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4377: 4376: 4369: 4359: 4357: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4336: 4332: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4238: 4237: 4233: 4207: 4206: 4202: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4146: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4072: 4071: 4062: 4017: 4016: 3995: 3985: 3983: 3970: 3969: 3962: 3955: 3942: 3941: 3937: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3900: 3898: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3867: 3866: 3862: 3853: 3849: 3805: 3804: 3800: 3756: 3755: 3751: 3732: 3728: 3723:on 5 June 2011. 3715: 3714: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3694:on 21 July 2011 3685: 3684: 3677: 3637: 3632: 3631: 3627: 3622:Wayback Machine 3613: 3609: 3601: 3597: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3534: 3527: 3489: 3488: 3477: 3465: 3442: 3404: 3403: 3380: 3336: 3335: 3331: 3277: 3276: 3272: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3213: 3206: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3135: 3134: 3123: 3114: 3107: 3065: 3064: 3039: 2987: 2986: 2982: 2922: 2921: 2914: 2904: 2902: 2894: 2893: 2889: 2842:(3): e1602638. 2829: 2828: 2813: 2803: 2801: 2774: 2773: 2769: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2708: 2700: 2699: 2695: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2618: 2617: 2613: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2577: 2567: 2565: 2562:www.cnpo.org.mx 2556: 2555: 2551: 2541: 2539: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2511: 2509: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2476: 2474: 2469: 2468: 2464: 2454: 2452: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2428: 2426: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2406: 2404: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2384: 2382: 2377: 2376: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2337: 2333: 2324: 2320: 2311: 2307: 2298: 2294: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2267: 2263: 2253: 2251: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2227: 2225: 2216: 2215: 2211: 2201: 2199: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2176: 2174: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2150: 2146: 2139: 2122: 2121: 2117: 2107: 2105: 2096: 2095: 2091: 2084: 2069: 2068: 2064: 2054: 2052: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2030: 2015: 2014: 2010: 2000: 1998: 1988: 1987: 1983: 1973: 1971: 1963: 1962: 1958: 1948: 1946: 1936: 1935: 1931: 1921: 1919: 1909: 1908: 1904: 1891: 1887: 1871: 1866: 1865: 1861: 1854: 1837: 1836: 1832: 1824: 1813: 1809: 1808: 1804: 1794: 1792: 1787: 1786: 1767: 1757: 1755: 1747:Lowell, Vicki. 1746: 1745: 1741: 1695: 1694: 1687: 1664: 1663: 1656: 1646: 1644: 1639: 1638: 1631: 1621: 1619: 1614: 1613: 1606: 1602: 1589: 1584: 1578: 1563: 1559: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1465: 1460: 1458: 1451: 1444: 1441: 1415: 1320: 1251: 1165: 1140: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1119: 1115: 1108: 1102: 1081:growth hormones 1076: 1071: 1049: 1021: 1015: 966: 934: 867: 834: 814: 758:food production 739: 716:Organic farming 713: 701:microbiological 655: 652: 647: 629:carcinogenicity 610: 605: 603:Consumer safety 576: 527:and the use of 517: 507: 501: 498: 491:needs expansion 476: 447:(NOP) Standards 443:United States: 352:growth hormones 313:organic farming 297: 291: 285: 265:organic farming 249:The Living Soil 226:superphosphates 206:organic farming 194: 188: 186:Organic farming 182: 96:kitchen gardens 57:organic farming 49:biological food 45:ecological food 34:farmers' market 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6825: 6824: 6821: 6813: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6787: 6786: 6780: 6779: 6777: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6760: 6758: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6737: 6735: 6734: 6732:Heirloom plant 6729: 6724: 6718: 6716: 6712: 6711: 6705: 6703: 6702: 6695: 6688: 6680: 6674: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6656: 6655:External links 6653: 6652: 6651: 6608: 6602: 6582: 6576: 6563: 6557: 6541:Nestle, Marion 6537: 6531: 6516: 6510: 6495: 6489: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6466: 6440: 6413: 6380: 6366:Auld, Alison. 6358: 6331: 6304: 6269: 6255: 6220: 6206: 6192: 6157: 6143: 6129: 6115: 6101: 6079: 6052: 6030: 6021: 6002: 5982: 5971:on 28 May 2008 5945: 5922: 5911:on 28 May 2008 5885: 5870: 5844: 5813: 5808:New York Times 5794: 5763: 5738: 5719: 5697: 5682: 5654: 5621: 5554: 5528: 5506: 5480: 5455: 5429: 5403: 5377: 5350: 5327: 5295: 5281: 5253:(3): 111–120. 5230: 5205: 5179: 5170: 5144: 5125: 5092: 5080: 5068: 5061: 5041: 5015: 4989: 4963: 4932: 4906: 4889: 4860:(4): 245–271. 4839: 4817: 4808: 4779:(6): 1043–60. 4759: 4710: 4683: 4640: 4614: 4587:(6): 571–582. 4570: 4552: 4540: 4521: 4500:(6): 401–424. 4480: 4469:. Pew Research 4453: 4441:Dynamic Export 4428: 4401: 4367: 4342: 4330: 4308:(4): 193–205. 4288: 4231: 4200: 4171:(1): 295–313. 4151: 4144: 4114: 4085:(1): 1287333. 4060: 3993: 3960: 3953: 3935: 3908: 3882: 3860: 3847: 3798: 3749: 3726: 3717:"Organic food" 3705: 3675: 3625: 3607: 3595: 3581: 3560:(3): 270–277. 3540: 3525: 3475: 3440: 3378: 3329: 3270: 3235:(4): 704–714. 3219: 3195: 3121: 3105: 3078:(5): 348–366. 3037: 2980: 2912: 2887: 2811: 2767: 2718: 2693: 2644: 2625:Sustainability 2611: 2598: 2584: 2575: 2549: 2532:www.maff.go.jp 2519: 2498: 2484: 2462: 2436: 2414: 2392: 2370: 2344: 2331: 2318: 2305: 2292: 2274: 2261: 2250:on 14 May 2013 2235: 2209: 2184: 2173:. 24 July 2015 2158: 2144: 2137: 2115: 2089: 2082: 2062: 2035: 2028: 2008: 1981: 1965:"Lady Balfour" 1956: 1929: 1902: 1885: 1859: 1852: 1830: 1802: 1765: 1749:"Organic FAQs" 1739: 1704:(3): 339–358. 1685: 1654: 1629: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1582: 1576: 1560: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1541: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 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418: 415: 412: 403: 400: 381:nanotechnology 360:food additives 287:Main article: 284: 281: 218:animal manures 181: 178: 151:drinking water 123:overproduction 110:(USDA) or the 84:European Union 77:food additives 51:are foods and 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6823: 6822: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6792: 6790: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6761: 6759: 6755: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6741:Organizations 6739: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6719: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6701: 6696: 6694: 6689: 6687: 6682: 6681: 6678: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6654: 6648: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6630: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6614: 6609: 6605: 6599: 6594: 6593: 6587: 6583: 6579: 6573: 6569: 6564: 6560: 6554: 6549: 6548: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6528: 6524: 6523: 6517: 6513: 6507: 6503: 6502: 6496: 6492: 6486: 6482: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6470: 6451: 6444: 6441: 6428: 6424: 6417: 6414: 6398: 6391: 6384: 6381: 6369: 6362: 6359: 6346: 6342: 6335: 6332: 6319: 6315: 6308: 6305: 6300: 6287: 6279: 6273: 6270: 6265: 6259: 6256: 6251: 6238: 6230: 6224: 6221: 6216: 6210: 6207: 6202: 6196: 6193: 6188: 6175: 6167: 6161: 6158: 6153: 6147: 6144: 6139: 6133: 6130: 6125: 6119: 6116: 6111: 6105: 6102: 6090: 6083: 6080: 6067: 6063: 6060:BIO AUSTRIA. 6056: 6053: 6041: 6034: 6031: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6015: 6012: 6006: 6003: 5999: 5995: 5992: 5986: 5983: 5967: 5963: 5956: 5949: 5946: 5933: 5926: 5923: 5907: 5903: 5896: 5889: 5886: 5881: 5874: 5871: 5859: 5855: 5848: 5845: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5817: 5814: 5810: 5809: 5804: 5798: 5795: 5782: 5778: 5774: 5767: 5764: 5752: 5748: 5742: 5739: 5736: 5732: 5729: 5723: 5720: 5708: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5689: 5687: 5683: 5671: 5670: 5665: 5658: 5655: 5639: 5632: 5625: 5622: 5617: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5558: 5555: 5543: 5539: 5532: 5529: 5516: 5510: 5507: 5494: 5490: 5484: 5481: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5456: 5444: 5440: 5433: 5430: 5417: 5413: 5407: 5404: 5392: 5388: 5381: 5378: 5366:on 8 May 2014 5365: 5361: 5354: 5351: 5338: 5331: 5328: 5316:on 8 May 2014 5315: 5311: 5304: 5302: 5300: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5285: 5282: 5270: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5241: 5234: 5231: 5218: 5212: 5210: 5206: 5193: 5189: 5183: 5180: 5174: 5171: 5158: 5154: 5148: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5134: 5129: 5126: 5120: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5096: 5093: 5089: 5084: 5081: 5077: 5072: 5069: 5064: 5058: 5054: 5053: 5045: 5042: 5029: 5025: 5019: 5016: 5003: 4999: 4993: 4990: 4977: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4951: 4947: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4933: 4920: 4916: 4910: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4893: 4890: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4843: 4840: 4827: 4821: 4818: 4812: 4809: 4804: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4763: 4760: 4755: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4714: 4711: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4694: 4687: 4684: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4656:(5): 357–71. 4655: 4651: 4644: 4641: 4628: 4624: 4618: 4615: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4574: 4571: 4566: 4559: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4544: 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