1244:
3197:
3221:
36:
3233:
3209:
247:
1226:
study of eighteenth century politics in
England with a quotation from Aeschylus on ornithomancy: âI took pains to determine the flight of crook-taloned birds, marking which were of the right by nature, and which were of the left, and what were their ways of living, each after his
1152:
Ornithomancy could be spontaneous, or it could be the result of a formal consultation: the seer would face north, and birds on their rightâthe east, the direction of sunriseâwere taken as favourable (the reverse being true of the Roman augur, who by contrast faced
1268:, signifying an omen of bad luck and could also indicate an impending attack by other indigenous communities. Hunters are advised not to leave for hunting if they heard such a call. The black bird sculptures, commonly seen on the roofs of the Public Hall
1157:). Although it was mainly the flights and songs of birds that were studied, any action could have been interpreted to either foretell the future or relate a message from the gods.
1111:
in
Anatolia, with texts on bird oracles written in Hittite known from the 13th or 14th century BCE, and from whom the Greek practice may derive. It was also familiar to the
1052:
2109:
1137:, when an eagle appears three times, flying to the right, with a dead dove in its talons, an augury interpreted as the coming of Odysseus, and the death of his wife's
1352:
603:
359:
1171:
Omens from observation of the flight of birds were considered with the utmost seriousness by Romans. The practice of ornithomancy by priests called
560:
2104:
1045:
1589:
3271:
805:
379:
1621:
1607:
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1149:
claim to have introduced ornithomancy to mankind, by indicating among the birds âthose by nature favourable, and those/Sinisterâ.
1206:), however they also interpreted thunder, lightning, the behavior of certain animals, and strange events. The phrase "under the
3807:
1648:
1243:
92:
1575:
1231:
469:
3237:
1550:[Taboos Related to Fishing and Hunting of the Taivoan People in Namasia River: The Crow's Call "PhĂĄinn-Kiat-TiÄu"].
3812:
697:
242:
177:
3817:
2094:
1367:
1876:
1581:
Labored in
Papyrus Leaves: Perspectives on an Epigram Collection Attributed to Posidippus (P. Mil. Vogl. VIII 309)
1547:
1791:
1781:
918:
775:
3264:
2117:
2099:
1178:
667:
519:
132:
27:
3718:
3686:
3471:
2122:
850:
800:
581:
414:
202:
2089:
1901:
1851:
1487:
795:
627:
622:
484:
217:
3770:
3528:
3280:
1926:
1318:
1028:
810:
647:
539:
534:
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459:
1470:
2554:
957:
682:
567:
529:
127:
77:
1181:
from before the founding of the city, which had its own priestly college to supervise its practice.
3797:
3257:
2084:
1976:
1916:
1861:
1641:
1578:' OiĂŽnoskopika.". In Acosta-Hughes, Benjamin; Kosmetatou, Elizabeth & Baumbach, Manuel (eds.).
1303:
1138:
1024:
864:
642:
574:
464:
3220:
1099:
Ornithomancy in some form has been found globally among a wide variety of pre-industrial peoples.
3711:
3657:
3540:
3369:
2867:
1931:
1891:
1856:
830:
721:
479:
254:
117:
1504:
3213:
3802:
3765:
3578:
2993:
2940:
2890:
2033:
2023:
1966:
1766:
1761:
1617:
1603:
1585:
716:
588:
449:
439:
368:
286:
1579:
3534:
3359:
2859:
2001:
1673:
1313:
1275:
982:
741:
726:
677:
509:
1006:
3701:
3349:
3091:
2919:
2389:
1911:
1896:
1834:
1733:
1661:
977:
967:
790:
611:
474:
429:
384:
374:
172:
162:
87:
1574:
Baumbach, Manuel & Trampedach, Kai (2004). "'Winged Words': Poetry and
Divination in
1080:: ÎżáŒ°ÏÎœÎŻÎ¶ÎżÎŒÎ±Îč "take omens from the flight and cries of birds") is the practice of reading
1123:
Ornithomancy dates back to early Greek times, appearing on
Archaic vases, as well as in
3606:
3496:
3456:
3397:
3201:
3131:
3083:
3017:
2956:
2911:
2898:
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2197:
1951:
1946:
1941:
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1906:
1801:
1796:
1776:
1771:
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1701:
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2165:
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1961:
1885:
1223:
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338:
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3641:
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2969:
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2288:
2249:
2018:
2006:
1986:
1683:
1219:
1093:
825:
758:
504:
434:
197:
192:
102:
943:
35:
1210:" is derived from this need for a favourable reading of the omens by the augurs.
3621:
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3511:
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3387:
3341:
3301:
3030:
2877:
2683:
2662:
2651:
2616:
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2431:
2322:
2189:
1991:
1816:
1811:
1743:
1728:
1696:
1270:
938:
884:
815:
770:
419:
333:
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212:
182:
142:
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1786:
1146:
928:
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424:
328:
157:
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137:
122:
112:
107:
82:
72:
42:
Etruscan wall painting from Tomba degli Auguri (c. 530 BC) showing two augurs
3733:
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3626:
3476:
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1806:
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746:
731:
276:
187:
97:
57:
3573:
301:
1584:. Hellenic Studies Series 2. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies.
1084:
from the actions of birds followed in many ancient cultures including the
3755:
3728:
3706:
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3611:
3585:
3331:
3316:
3075:
2805:
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2463:
2455:
2437:
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2301:
2048:
2011:
1844:
1308:
1293:
1108:
972:
923:
913:
879:
874:
869:
857:
780:
711:
704:
692:
311:
271:
266:
3249:
3745:
3481:
3402:
3379:
3354:
2985:
2838:
2717:
2602:
2568:
2506:
2327:
2181:
2173:
1866:
1738:
1723:
1713:
1298:
1288:
1133:
1013:
994:
950:
845:
736:
62:
1626:
1247:
One of the black bird sculptures of
Taivoan people in the Public Hall
34:
3750:
3673:
3522:
3486:
3311:
3115:
3054:
2830:
2822:
2751:
2691:
2575:
2513:
2396:
2063:
2058:
1936:
1124:
1089:
933:
687:
672:
652:
306:
167:
147:
67:
3662:
3501:
3001:
2788:
2351:
1194:
1173:
1166:
1128:
908:
896:
632:
291:
281:
207:
3740:
2977:
2344:
2307:
2277:
1691:
1657:
1081:
637:
296:
3253:
2141:
1630:
1198:
predominantly looked at birds for omens, they were also called
3099:
1956:
1718:
751:
1192:
which was to "take omens from birds in flight." Since Roman
1521:
The
Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III
1184:
The word "inauguration" is derived from the Latin noun
1131:: one notable example from the latter occurs in the
3650:
3594:
3554:
3447:
3416:
3378:
3340:
3294:
3074:
3029:
2968:
2939:
2910:
2889:
2850:
2813:
2804:
2771:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2661:
2585:
2544:
2482:
2454:
2430:
2406:
2379:
2300:
2287:
2248:
2217:
2156:
2072:
1975:
1875:
1825:
1752:
1682:
1602:, New York, Carl Publishing Group Edition, 1996.
3265:
1642:
1492:. William Blackwood and Sons. pp. 16â17.
1264:refer to the 'oh-ah, oh-ah' call of crows as
1046:
8:
1475:. Longmans, Green and Co. pp. 212â225.
3291:
3272:
3258:
3250:
2810:
2731:
2722:
2713:
2451:
2297:
2284:
2245:
2241:
2214:
2153:
2149:
2138:
2134:
1649:
1635:
1627:
1616:, New York, Bantam Classic Edition, 1991.
1053:
1039:
18:
1506:Etymological dictionary of modern English
1242:
1107:Prophesying by birds appeared among the
561:Anthropological Perspectives on Religion
1330:
26:
1234:is a folklore remnant of ornithomancy.
1457:A Dictionary of Classical Antiquities
7:
3208:
250:Spirits and on Vampires or Revenants
16:Practice of reading omens from birds
3232:
1278:, are believed to represent crows.
1115:, who may have brought it to Rome.
1509:. London: John Murray. p. 90.
1472:Birds in legend fable and folklore
1360:Tokyo University Linguistic Papers
1353:"Terms of Ornithomancy in Hittite"
380:Archaeology of religion and ritual
14:
2110:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
1405:The Penguin Book of Lost Worlds 2
3231:
3219:
3207:
3196:
3195:
3086:(New World vultures and condors)
93:Evolutionary origin of religion
248:Treatise on the Apparitions of
1:
1418:A Companion to Greek Religion
698:Traditional African religions
243:Coral Gardens and Their Magic
1600:An Encyclopedia of Occultism
1274:in Taivoan communities like
3150:(woodpeckers and relatives)
1552:Taiwan Cultural Memory Bank
1088:, and is equivalent to the
3834:
3012:(cormorants and relatives)
2105:Extinct species since 1500
1548:"æ„ æąä»æșȘ性æŠćŁ ææŒç”çžéçŠćżïŒçéŽć«èČăæčç”èȘżă"
1469:Ingersoll, Ernest (1923).
1164:
1103:Mediterranean developments
3290:
3191:
3142:(kingfishers and rollers)
2996:(albatrosses and petrels)
2880:(swifts and hummingbirds)
2862:(nightjars and relatives)
2712:
2686:(pheasants and relatives)
2244:
2213:
2152:
2148:
2137:
2133:
1669:
1366:: 219â238. Archived from
1351:Sakuma, Yasuhiko (2013).
776:Armenian Apostolic Church
3041:(seriemas and relatives)
3020:(pelicans and relatives)
1534:The Everything Bird Book
1503:Weekley, Ernest (1921).
1486:Mitchell, James (1908).
1202:("bird watcher", plural
1068:(modern term from Greek
668:Native American religion
323:Revitalization movements
178:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
28:Anthropology of religion
3472:Cowrie-shell divination
3134:(hornbills and hoopoes)
3049:(falcons and relatives)
1179:Roman national religion
582:The Journal of Religion
203:Theories about religion
3808:Ancient Greek religion
3118:(trogons and quetzals)
2930:(cranes and relatives)
2200:(emus and cassowaries)
2090:Glossary of bird terms
1902:Confuciusornithiformes
1252:
1188:derived from the verb
628:Alaska Native religion
623:Afro-American religion
218:Veneration of the dead
39:
2959:(kagu and sunbittern)
2922:(gulls and relatives)
1927:Songlingornithiformes
1892:Omnivoropterygiformes
1489:Significant etymology
1319:Pancha Pakshi Shastra
1246:
1029:cultural anthropology
648:Chinese folk religion
540:Anthony F. C. Wallace
535:Daniel Martin Varisco
460:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
362:of the Religious Life
38:
3813:Ancient Roman augury
2781:Phoenicopteriformes
1614:The Odyssey of Homer
1232:magpie counting song
683:Shamanism in Siberia
530:Edward Burnett Tylor
360:The Elementary Forms
128:Magic (supernatural)
78:Comparative religion
2752:Mesitornithiformes
2746:(doves and pigeons)
2080:Families and orders
1942:Ichthyornithiformes
1917:Patagopterygiformes
1612:Mandelbaum, Allen,
1523:(London 1929) p. ii
1455:H. Nettleship ed.,
1304:Joris-Karl Huysmans
865:Hindu denominations
806:Ethiopian Orthodoxy
575:The Hibbert Journal
485:Claude LĂ©vi-Strauss
470:Fustel de Coulanges
22:Part of a series on
3818:Birds in mythology
3541:Tarot card reading
3094:(eagles and hawks)
2994:Procellariiformes
2899:Opisthocomiformes
2868:Steatornithiformes
2095:List by population
1932:Hongshanornithidae
1857:Evolution of birds
1253:
919:Non-denominational
831:Oriental Orthodoxy
385:Poles in mythology
118:Laying on of hands
40:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3579:Spirit possession
3247:
3246:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3159:
3158:
2980:(loons or divers)
2949:Phaethontiformes
2941:Phaethontimorphae
2891:Opisthocomiformes
2860:Caprimulgiformes
2800:
2799:
2789:Podicipediformes
2708:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2426:
2425:
2209:
2208:
2166:Struthioniformes
2034:Waterfowl hunting
1967:Gastornithiformes
1962:Aepyornithiformes
1952:Lithornithiformes
1591:978-0-674-01105-2
1444:Luwian Identities
1392:Luwian Identities
1339:Luwian Identities
1076:"divination"; in
1063:
1062:
851:Russian Orthodoxy
801:Eastern Orthodoxy
450:Arnold van Gennep
369:Purity and Danger
3825:
3535:Sortes Sanctorum
3292:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3251:
3235:
3234:
3223:
3211:
3210:
3199:
3198:
3151:
3143:
3135:
3127:
3124:Leptosomiformes
3119:
3111:
3103:
3095:
3092:Accipitriformes
3087:
3066:
3065:(perching birds)
3058:
3050:
3042:
3021:
3013:
3005:
2997:
2989:
2986:Sphenisciformes
2981:
2960:
2952:
2931:
2923:
2920:Charadriiformes
2902:
2881:
2863:
2842:
2834:
2831:Musophagiformes
2826:
2811:
2792:
2784:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2687:
2674:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2354:
2347:
2311:
2298:
2294:
2285:
2281:
2246:
2242:
2215:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2154:
2150:
2139:
2135:
2002:Bird collections
1957:Dinornithiformes
1862:Darwin's finches
1852:Origin of flight
1792:Seabird breeding
1782:Sexual selection
1651:
1644:
1637:
1628:
1595:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1530:
1524:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1466:
1460:
1453:
1447:
1440:
1434:
1431:Prometheus Bound
1427:
1421:
1414:
1408:
1401:
1395:
1394:(2013) p. 335-40
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1372:
1357:
1348:
1342:
1341:(2013) p. 329-30
1335:
1314:Parrot astrology
1266:phĂĄinn-kiat-tiÄu
1224:prosopographical
1177:was a branch of
1092:employed by the
1055:
1048:
1041:
796:Coptic Orthodoxy
510:Marshall Sahlins
352:Related articles
19:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3777:
3702:Fortune-telling
3646:
3590:
3550:
3443:
3412:
3374:
3336:
3286:
3278:
3248:
3243:
3155:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3132:Bucerotiformes
3126:(cuckoo-roller)
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3093:
3085:
3084:Cathartiformes
3070:
3064:
3056:
3055:Psittaciformes
3048:
3040:
3025:
3019:
3018:Pelecaniformes
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2964:
2958:
2957:Eurypygiformes
2950:
2935:
2929:
2921:
2906:
2900:
2885:
2879:
2861:
2846:
2840:
2832:
2824:
2796:
2790:
2782:
2767:
2761:
2760:Pterocliformes
2753:
2745:
2696:
2685:
2672:
2657:
2581:
2540:
2478:
2443:
2442:
2435:
2434:
2422:
2402:
2375:
2352:
2345:
2305:
2304:
2292:
2291:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2205:
2199:
2198:Casuariiformes
2191:
2190:Apterygiformes
2183:
2175:
2167:
2144:
2129:
2100:Lists by region
2068:
1978:
1971:
1912:Chaoyangiformes
1897:Jeholornithidae
1871:
1835:Origin of birds
1821:
1802:Brood parasites
1748:
1678:
1665:
1655:
1598:Spence, Lewis,
1592:
1573:
1570:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1527:
1518:
1514:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1454:
1450:
1441:
1437:
1428:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1402:
1398:
1389:
1385:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1355:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1284:
1258:
1241:
1222:introduced his
1216:
1214:Cultural echoes
1169:
1163:
1121:
1105:
1059:
1019:
1018:
811:Greek Orthodoxy
791:Catholic Church
607:
606:
595:
594:
555:
554:
545:
544:
520:Stanley Tambiah
475:Clifford Geertz
430:Joseph Campbell
415:Augustin Calmet
410:
409:
408:Major theorists
400:
399:
375:Myth and ritual
361:
354:
353:
344:
343:
249:
233:
232:
223:
222:
173:Sacred language
163:Rite of passage
88:Divine language
53:
52:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3831:
3829:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3790:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3721:
3716:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3670:
3665:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3607:Cephalonomancy
3604:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3531:
3526:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3497:Obi divination
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:Astragalomancy
3453:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3398:Crystal gazing
3395:
3390:
3384:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3288:
3287:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3254:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3229:
3217:
3205:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3145:
3140:Coraciiformes
3137:
3129:
3121:
3116:Trogoniformes
3113:
3105:
3097:
3089:
3080:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:Passeriformes
3060:
3052:
3047:Falconiformes
3044:
3039:Cariamiformes
3035:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3015:
3007:
3002:Ciconiiformes
2999:
2991:
2983:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2954:
2945:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2925:
2916:
2914:
2912:Cursorimorphae
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2895:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2856:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2836:
2828:
2819:
2817:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2786:
2777:
2775:
2773:Mirandornithes
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2757:
2749:
2744:Columbiformes
2740:
2738:
2736:Columbimorphae
2729:
2720:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2681:
2676:
2671:Meleagridinae
2667:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2591:
2589:
2587:Odontophoridae
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2496:
2488:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2449:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2393:
2385:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2366:Stictonettinae
2363:
2361:Dendrocygninae
2358:
2357:
2356:
2349:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2314:
2312:
2295:
2282:
2239:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2162:
2160:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2114:Notable birds
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2064:Egg collecting
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1947:Hesperornithes
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:Ambiortiformes
1919:
1914:
1909:
1907:Enantiornithes
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1831:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1699:
1694:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1639:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1610:
1596:
1590:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1538:
1525:
1519:L. R. Namier,
1512:
1495:
1478:
1461:
1448:
1435:
1422:
1409:
1396:
1383:
1343:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1262:Taivoan people
1257:
1254:
1240:
1239:Other examples
1237:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1215:
1212:
1165:Main article:
1162:
1161:Roman practice
1159:
1120:
1119:Greek evidence
1117:
1104:
1101:
1094:ancient Romans
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1004:
998:
997:
991:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
954:
953:
947:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
900:
899:
893:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
861:
860:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
836:Pentecostalism
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
762:
761:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
708:
707:
701:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
619:
618:
616:folk religions
608:
602:
601:
600:
597:
596:
593:
592:
585:
578:
571:
564:
556:
552:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
440:Ămile Durkheim
437:
432:
427:
422:
420:Akbar S. Ahmed
417:
411:
407:
406:
405:
402:
401:
398:
397:
395:Elite religion
392:
390:Lived religion
387:
382:
377:
372:
365:
355:
351:
350:
349:
346:
345:
342:
341:
336:
331:
325:
324:
320:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
263:
262:
258:
257:
252:
245:
239:
238:
234:
230:
229:
228:
225:
224:
221:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
51:Basic concepts
50:
49:
48:
45:
44:
41:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3830:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3602:Anthropomancy
3600:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3393:Catoptromancy
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3365:Rhapsodomancy
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:Alectryomancy
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3275:
3270:
3268:
3263:
3261:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3240:
3239:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3138:
3136:
3130:
3128:
3122:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3100:Strigiformes
3098:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3000:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2951:(tropicbirds)
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2926:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2874:
2873:Podargiformes
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:Cuculiformes
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2793:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:Macrocephalon
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2433:
2429:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2408:Anseranatidae
2405:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:Tinamiformes
2180:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2158:Palaeognathae
2155:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2044:Pigeon racing
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1886:Archaeopteryx
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1640:
1638:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1623:
1622:0-553-21399-7
1619:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1608:0-8065-1401-9
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1553:
1549:
1546:Mata Taiwan.
1542:
1539:
1536:(1998) p. 225
1535:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1446:(2013) p. 336
1445:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1420:(2010) p. 151
1419:
1413:
1410:
1407:(1966) p. 158
1406:
1403:L. Cottrell,
1400:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1373:on 2015-12-23
1369:
1365:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1168:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:Ancient Greek
1075:
1071:
1067:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
993:
992:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
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541:
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531:
528:
526:
525:Victor Turner
523:
521:
518:
516:
515:Melford Spiro
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
500:Roy Rappaport
498:
496:
495:Steven Ozment
493:
491:
490:Robert Marett
488:
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445:Mircea Eliade
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339:Handsome Lake
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37:
33:
32:
29:
25:
21:
20:
3719:Mesopotamian
3712:
3697:Cledonomancy
3672:
3642:Scapulimancy
3617:Omphalomancy
3546:Tasseography
3533:
3521:
3492:Molybdomancy
3327:Ornithomancy
3326:
3236:
3224:
3212:
3200:
3110:(mousebirds)
3108:Coliiformes
2978:Gaviiformes
2970:Aequornithes
2878:Apodiformes
2839:Otidiformes
2815:Otidimorphae
2762:(sandgrouse)
2684:Phasianinae
2650:
2643:
2636:
2631:Odontophorus
2629:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2469:Oreophasinae
2415:
2395:
2388:
2293:(waterfowls)
2289:Anseriformes
2039:Cockfighting
2024:Conservation
2019:Bird feeding
2007:Birdwatching
1997:Ornithomancy
1996:
1937:Gansuiformes
1884:
1877:Fossil birds
1767:Intelligence
1613:
1599:
1580:
1555:. Retrieved
1551:
1541:
1533:
1532:T. D'Elgin,
1528:
1520:
1515:
1505:
1498:
1488:
1481:
1471:
1464:
1459:(1891) p. 86
1456:
1451:
1443:
1438:
1433:(1982) p. 35
1430:
1425:
1417:
1412:
1404:
1399:
1391:
1386:
1375:. Retrieved
1368:the original
1363:
1359:
1346:
1338:
1333:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1248:
1220:Lewis Namier
1207:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1172:
1170:
1154:
1151:
1132:
1122:
1106:
1098:
1073:
1069:
1066:Ornithomancy
1065:
1064:
958:Conservative
826:Nestorianism
759:Christianity
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
505:Saba Mahmood
480:Robin Horton
465:James Frazer
435:Mary Douglas
367:
358:
255:Neo-Paganism
231:Case studies
198:Superstition
193:Soul dualism
103:Great Spirit
3622:Oracle bone
3595:Somatomancy
3564:Gastromancy
3517:Runic magic
3512:Rhabdomancy
3388:Aspidomancy
3342:Bibliomancy
3302:Ailuromancy
3295:Theriomancy
3238:WikiProject
3148:Piciformes
3031:Australaves
3010:Suliformes
2928:Gruiformes
2783:(flamingos)
2692:Tetraoninae
2663:Phasianidae
2652:Rhynchortyx
2617:Dactylortyx
2484:Megapodidae
2474:Penelopinae
2432:Galliformes
2174:Rheiformes
2168:(ostriches)
2118:individuals
1992:Ornithology
1979:interaction
1734:Preen gland
1442:A. Mouton,
1429:Aeschylus,
1390:A. Mouton,
1337:A. Mouton,
1186:inauguratio
1072:"bird" and
885:Vaishnavism
816:Lutheranism
771:Anglicanism
455:René Girard
334:Ghost Dance
213:Transtheism
183:Sacred site
143:Nympholepsy
3798:Divination
3792:Categories
3761:Revelation
3724:Numerology
3687:Apparition
3569:Mediumship
3556:Necromancy
3467:Cartomancy
3449:Cleromancy
3439:Hydromancy
3429:Capnomancy
3408:Oculomancy
3322:Myrmomancy
3284:divination
3281:Methods of
2988:(penguins)
2841:(bustards)
2679:Perdicinae
2624:Dendrortyx
2596:Callipepla
2528:Megapodius
2493:Aepypodius
2371:Tadorninae
2353:true geese
2184:(tinamous)
2143:Neornithes
2054:Pheasantry
2029:Aviculture
1797:Incubation
1787:Lek mating
1576:Posidippus
1557:2023-03-31
1416:D. Ogden,
1377:2015-12-23
1251:in Rauron.
1190:inaugurare
1147:Prometheus
1007:ĆvetÄmbara
643:Böö mörgöl
425:Talal Asad
329:Cargo cult
158:Polytheism
153:Pilgrimage
138:Monotheism
123:Liminality
113:Initiation
108:Henotheism
83:Divination
73:Communitas
3734:Isopsephy
3692:Astrology
3682:Apophenia
3637:Rumpology
3632:Podomancy
3627:Palmistry
3477:Favomancy
3462:Belomancy
3434:Aeromancy
3424:Pyromancy
3417:Elemental
3057:(parrots)
2901:(hoatzin)
2852:Strisores
2833:(turacos)
2825:(cuckoos)
2754:(mesites)
2673:(turkeys)
2645:Philortyx
2562:Agelastes
2555:Acryllium
2546:Numididae
2535:Talegalla
2445:gamebirds
2438:landfowls
2417:Anseranas
2381:Anhimidae
2340:Anserinae
2123:fictional
1845:dinosaurs
1840:Theropoda
1827:Evolution
1772:Migration
1754:Behaviour
1143:Aeschylus
1113:Etruscans
1002:Digambara
944:YazdĂąnism
924:Quranists
904:Ahmadiyya
890:Ayyavazhi
821:Methodism
786:Calvinism
766:Adventism
747:Vajrayana
732:Theravada
722:Pure Land
604:Religions
277:Bobohizan
188:Shamanism
98:Fetishism
58:Afterlife
3803:Prophecy
3756:Prophecy
3729:Gematria
3707:Geomancy
3612:Haruspex
3586:Taghairm
3507:Opon IfĂĄ
3317:Myomancy
3202:Category
3076:Afroaves
3004:(storks)
2806:Passerea
2791:(grebes)
2727:Columbea
2638:Oreortyx
2610:Cyrtonyx
2500:Alectura
2464:Cracinae
2456:Cracidae
2333:Oxyurini
2323:Aythyini
2318:Anatinae
2302:Anatidae
2049:Falconry
2012:big year
1867:Seabirds
1777:Foraging
1724:Feathers
1309:Plutarch
1294:Haruspex
1282:See also
1271:Kong-kĂ i
1249:Kong-kĂ i
1208:auspices
1204:auspices
1109:Hittites
983:Orthodox
973:Haymanot
914:Mahdavia
880:Smartism
875:Shaktism
870:Shaivism
858:Hinduism
781:Baptists
717:Nichiren
712:Mahayana
705:Buddhism
693:Tengrism
568:Folklore
553:Journals
312:Slametan
272:Babaylan
267:Angakkuq
3766:Ecstasy
3746:Onmyodo
3713:I Ching
3658:African
3482:Kumalak
3403:Dowsing
3380:Scrying
3355:Falnama
3214:Commons
2718:Neoaves
2603:Colinus
2569:Guttera
2507:Eulipoa
2328:Mergini
2192:(kiwis)
2176:(rheas)
1987:Ringing
1812:Hybrids
1807:Nesting
1762:Singing
1739:Plumage
1714:Dactyly
1684:Anatomy
1674:Outline
1664:: Aves)
1568:Sources
1299:Helenus
1289:Calchas
1139:suitors
1134:Odyssey
1074:manteia
1014:Sikhism
995:Jainism
978:Karaite
968:Hasidic
951:Judaism
846:Quakers
742:Tibetan
737:Tiantai
727:Shingon
663:KejawĂšn
589:Oceania
63:Animism
3771:Vision
3751:Oracle
3674:Sikidy
3574:SĂ©ance
3529:Sortes
3523:Sikidy
3487:Mengdu
3370:Virgil
3312:Augury
3226:Portal
3102:(owls)
2576:Numida
2514:Leipoa
2397:Chauna
2390:Anhima
2085:Genera
2059:Imping
1977:Human
1817:Colony
1744:Vision
1729:Flight
1620:
1606:
1588:
1276:Rauron
1256:Taiwan
1227:kindâ.
1200:auspex
1195:augurs
1174:augurs
1125:Hesiod
1090:augury
1086:Greeks
1025:Social
988:Reform
963:Haredi
934:Sufism
688:Shinto
678:Shindo
673:Noaidi
653:Hanitu
612:Ethnic
307:Pawang
302:JhÄkri
261:Ritual
168:Ritual
148:Oracle
68:Augury
3668:NggĂ m
3651:Other
3502:Opele
3360:Homer
3350:Bible
3332:NggĂ m
2346:swans
2308:ducks
2278:fowls
2073:Lists
1697:Brain
1662:class
1658:Birds
1371:(PDF)
1356:(PDF)
1326:Notes
1167:Augur
1155:south
1129:Homer
1082:omens
1070:ornis
939:Sunni
909:Ibadi
897:Islam
658:Hausa
633:Anito
292:Dukun
282:Bomoh
237:Magic
208:Totem
3741:Omen
1719:Eggs
1707:milk
1702:Crop
1692:Beak
1618:ISBN
1604:ISBN
1586:ISBN
1260:The
1230:The
1145:has
1127:and
1027:and
929:Shia
638:Atua
614:and
297:Miko
287:Bora
133:Mana
3663:IfĂĄ
752:Zen
3794::
1364:33
1362:.
1358:.
1141:.
1096:.
317:Wu
3273:e
3266:t
3259:v
2447:)
2440:-
2436:(
2310:)
2306:(
2280:)
2276:(
2272:e
2270:a
2268:r
2266:e
2264:s
2262:n
2260:a
2258:o
2256:l
2254:l
2252:a
2250:G
2237:e
2235:a
2233:h
2231:t
2229:a
2227:n
2225:g
2223:o
2221:e
2219:N
1660:(
1650:e
1643:t
1636:v
1594:.
1560:.
1380:.
1054:e
1047:t
1040:v
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