49:
309:
grey-green in colour. The plant is covered with bladderlike hairs. The species is monoecious or dioecious. The male flowers in purple globular clusters (but look yellow when in bloom) and are on simple or branched spikes. The unbranched florets are attached to the stem. The male flower lacks bracts or bracteoles. The female plant also flowers, but more discretely in the leaf axil, (appearing as two small pink tepals in image below). Perianth is absent. Bracteoles 2mm diameter. Flowers from
September until March. Fruits from October until January.
196:
355:
339:
398:, this plant is often located closest to the sea, in the harshest of conditions. It is able to colonising sand dunes despite the prevailing winds and sea spray. The soils on which it grows are nutrient poor and can be highly alkaline (where sand is composed of calcium carbonate). Survival in this environment is possible due to numerous adaptations, including epidermal bladder cells that can sequester the salt from vascular tissue/their interior, and C4 photosynthesis, present in many species of the genus
414:). It is found in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania and NSW. Established on coastal sandy soils, specifically preferring bays and inlets such as Western Port Bay and Port Phillip Bay. The natural range and density of this species has decreased as major cities (Melbourne/Sydney/Adelaide) and subsequent suburbs have expanded along the coast of Australia. The distribution extends to the Bass Strait Islands and Tasmanian coastline. The presence of
67:
327:
33:
308:
is a prostrate to erect, heavily branched, leafy shrub growing up to 1.8m high and up to 2.5 m wide. Stems are initially ridged and angular, becoming woody with age. The leaves are elliptic to oblong. 40 mm long, 15 mm wide. Petioles are 1–3 mm. Leaves alternate and are silver or
644:. The specimen in question also has to be within the recognised area of distribution. If the specimen being identified is in a known revegetated area, the use of local council planting guides of the area increases the likelihood of correct identification.
441:
float in salt water for periods of 18–30 days. Further the seeds that were washed in fresh water after previously being immersed in salt water germinated more easily than seeds not subject to salt water immersion. The study concluded that
1235:
1408:
495:
and aimed to determine if the saltbush was palatable, and if so, did it provide enough nutrients to supplement the diet of these animals. In this study they determined when goats and sheep are given as much
488:
discovered the species have a nitrogen content of 2.5-3.5%, and could potentially be used as a protein supplement for grazing if palatable. A subsequent study allowed sheep and goats to voluntarily feed on
446:
has always been scarce, its ability to successfully establish here has been hindered by its dioecious habit... its scarcity within New
Zealand is primarily a natural rather than induced phenomenon."
873:"A rare, new species of Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) comprising two genetically distinct but morphologically cryptic populations in arid Western Australia: implications for taxonomy and conservation"
817:
1420:
461:
is particularly useful in dryland salinity management where they can change the water table and surface soil characteristics allowing for other plants to then colonise.
502:
as they like, they do obtain enough nutrients to supplement their diet – unless the animal requirements are higher during pregnancy and milk production. It is presumed
437:
species indigenous to New
Zealand. Evidence provided included the movement of fruits by near-shore currents as the most likely method of seed dispersal. Bracteoles of
1368:
1631:
856:
Parr-Smith, G.A. (1982). "Biogeography and evolution in the shrubby
Australian species of Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae)". In Barker, WR; Greenslade, PJM (eds.).
421:
It can also be found further abroad in Lord Howe Island (although described as having a "very restricted distribution") and in New
Zealand. In the past,
1155:
376:
thrives in coastal environments. It is considered native to
Victoria but naturalised in some parts of the state. It is highly tolerant of salt (being a
354:
1566:
1618:
1579:
48:
1806:
1706:
1667:
1381:
1168:
733:
1091:"When do different C4 leaf anatomies indicate independent C4 origins? Parallel evolution of C4 leaf types in Camphorosmeae (Chenopodiaceae)"
1811:
471:
records that it was "once used as pot-herb in New South Wales. During his overland journey to Port
Essington, Leichhardt used a species of
338:
326:
1519:
671:
does not describe its conservation status in
Victoria. The advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria (2014) do not mention
1801:
1649:
1514:
785:
457:
is often used by humans/local councils to help stabilise soils, prevent erosion and revegetate/rehabilitate at risk areas. The genus
1796:
1791:
1139:
978:
1605:
410:
The distribution is highly coastal. As a result, > 95% of recorded occurrences in
Australia are on the coast (according to
1745:
1623:
1488:
768:
1034:
Kiani-Pouya, A.; Roessner, U.; Jayasinghe, N. S.; Lutz, A.; Rupasinghe, T.; Bazihizina, N. & Shabala, S. (2017).
1750:
1719:
1636:
1338:
994:
668:
411:
664:
204:
66:
195:
1724:
1672:
388:
186:
1441:
40:
918:
283:
170:
1479:
1584:
1659:
548:
394:
382:
256:
601:
514:
484:
272:
1558:
1758:
1711:
1553:
892:
623:
614:
434:
418:
on these islands may suggest this species had a wider distribution in times of lower sea levels.
61:
1786:
1680:
1501:
1377:
1164:
1135:
1112:
1071:
974:
632:
426:
244:
1251:
Wilson, A. D. & Harrington, G. N. (1980). "Nutritive value of
Australian browse plants".
1685:
1283:
1209:
1102:
1061:
1051:
884:
508:
498:
491:
831:
260:
248:
104:
720:
293:
has a chromosome number 2n=54, indicating the species is hexaploid as the base number in
1698:
1693:
1545:
1308:
803:
653:
127:
91:
1036:"Epidermal bladder cells confer salinity stress tolerance in the halophyte quinoa and
871:
Shepherd, Kelly; Thiele, Kevin; Sampson, Jane; Coates, David; Bryne, Margaret (2015).
1780:
1287:
1197:
759:
464:
236:
137:
969:
Scott, Rob; Blake, Neil; Campbell, Jeannie; Evans, Doug; Williams, Nicholas (2002).
944:
896:
1763:
276:
268:
264:
1506:
1493:
1213:
1089:
Kadereit, G.; Lauterbach, M.; Pirie, M. D.; Arafeh, R. & Freitag, H. (2014).
696:
1592:
1473:
1464:
32:
1540:
1527:
812:
667:, a conservation organisation sponsored by the South Australian Government.
640:
There is no other species that have all the above features within the genus
429:
to New Zealand. However a more recent study provided evidence, and accepted
377:
240:
231:
1116:
1075:
1737:
872:
1732:
1644:
1458:
1107:
1090:
1021:
Flora of Victoria. Vol.3, Dicotyledons: Winteracecea to Myrtaceae. Inkata
538:
519:
345:
252:
147:
117:
1066:
1571:
1597:
1056:
1035:
1435:
1267:
888:
663:
In South Australia, it is considered of "least concern – stable" by
482:
species demonstrated their potential use in agriculture. A study on
239:. It occurs in sheltered coastal areas and around salt lakes in the
1610:
1532:
78:
773:. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
1439:
1237:
The useful native plants of Australia : Including Tasmania
792:. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
525:), hence also having the potential to be used in agriculture.
919:"Chromosome numbers in Atriplex. In 'Year Book 74: 1974–1975"
621:
Bracteoles are without inflated spongy appendages (unlike
1376:. Department of the Environment and Primary Industries.
1268:"Browsing ability and utilisation by sheep and goats of
818:
Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions
267:
in New Zealand, although has historically been found in
691:
These features were created with the help of an online
1370:
Advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria
1266:
Valderrabano, J.; Munoz, F. & Delgado, I. (1996).
1196:
de Lange, Peter; Murray, Brian; Gardner, Rhys (1998).
1163:. Department of Environment and Climate Change. 2007.
612:
The fruiting bracteoles are free and sessile (unlike
536:
can be distinguished from other species of the genus
1419:. State Herbarium of South Australia. Archived from
518:
as they are all closely related to one another (see
1448:
380:) and when compared to other coastal species, e.g.
1198:"Atriplex cinerea (Chenopodiaceae) in New Zealand"
1191:
1189:
1187:
858:Evolution of the Flora and Fauna of Arid Australia
1134:. Lord Howe Island, NSW: Ian Hutton. p. 56.
656:, a website by the Western Australian Herbarium,
546:A perennial shrub which can be dioecious (unlike
263:. The species is also known to be present in the
332:The purple globular clusters of the male flower.
1132:A Field Guide to the plants of Lord Howe Island
506:, would have similar biochemical properties to
1417:Electronic Flora of South Australia Fact Sheet
697:https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/key/2191
475:as a vegetable, and spoke very highly of it."
1349:. Royal botanical gardens foundation Victoria
1157:Lord Howe Island Biodiversity Management Plan
636:), being silvery or grey green on both sides.
8:
695:key on the VicFlora website, retrieved from
360:The discrete female flower in the leaf axil.
1436:
723:R.S. Brain, Government Printer, Melbourne.
599:The leaves are elliptic to oblong (unlike
542:if it has all of the following features:
194:
47:
31:
20:
1253:International Livestock Centre for Africa
1106:
1065:
1055:
1019:Walsh, N. G & Entwisle, T. J (1996).
860:. Peacock Publications. pp. 291–299.
734:"Occurrence records for Atriplex cinerea"
712:
684:
322:
949:New Zealand Plant Conservation Network
836:New Zealand Plant Conservation Network
973:. St. Kilda: Earthcare. p. 108.
721:Iconography of Salsolaceous Plants XV
469:The Useful Native Plants of Australia
7:
1751:94c5bd77-1c9b-404a-9c40-aba63242ac9a
1660:7b624a57-333f-446a-bb8a-854bf4b48381
235:, is a plant species in the family
630:The leaves are concolorous (unlike
923:Carnegie Institution of Washington
14:
971:Indigenous Plants of the Sandbelt
1725:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:163716-1
816:. Western Australian Government
353:
337:
325:
65:
1282:(2). Zaragoza, Spain: 131–136.
1240:. Turner and Henderson, Sydney.
786:"New South Wales Flora Online:
1319:. Western Australian Herbarium
1095:Journal of Experimental Botany
1:
1807:Eudicots of Western Australia
1214:10.1080/0028825X.1998.9512592
1202:New Zealand Journal of Botany
1044:Plant, Cell & Environment
1288:10.1016/0921-4488(95)00754-7
877:Australian Systematic Botany
520:cladogram of divergences in
1812:Caryophyllales of Australia
769:Australian Plant Name Index
740:. Atlas of Living Australia
719:von Mueller, F.J.H. (1889)
478:Studies conducted on other
1828:
1802:Flora of Victoria (state)
738:Atlas of Living Australia
412:Atlas of Living Australia
202:
193:
176:
169:
62:Scientific classification
60:
55:
46:
39:
30:
23:
1797:Flora of South Australia
1792:Flora of New South Wales
665:Seeds of South Australia
1276:Small Ruminant Research
425:had been considered an
389:Leptospermum laevigatum
344:The male flower during
41:Williamstown, Victoria
1234:J. H. Maiden (1889).
771:(APNI), IBIS database
1130:Hutton, Ian (2002).
1023:. Melbourne: Oxford.
578:A. pseudocampanulata
395:Melaleuca lanceolata
383:Banksia integrifolia
217:, commonly known as
1255:. Addis Ababa: 291.
917:Nobs, M.A. (1975).
660:is not threatened.
648:Conservation status
485:Atriplex nummularia
1423:on 7 February 2012
1108:10.1093/jxb/eru169
995:"Atriplex cinerea"
945:"Atriplex cinerea"
832:"Atriplex cinerea"
56:From Mueller 1889
1774:
1773:
1681:Open Tree of Life
1442:Taxon identifiers
1383:978-1-74146-313-2
1170:978-1-74122-598-3
1101:(13): 3499–3511.
1057:10.1111/pce.12995
999:Flora of Victoria
427:adventive species
245:Western Australia
210:
209:
1819:
1767:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:
1728:
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1701:
1689:
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1676:
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1663:
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1650:Atriplex~cinerea
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1600:
1588:
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1559:Atriplex cinerea
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1520:Atriplex_cinerea
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1497:
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1480:Atriplex cinerea
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1450:Atriplex cinerea
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1411:Atriplex cinerea
1395:
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1365:
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1354:
1341:Atriplex cinerea
1335:
1329:
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1326:
1324:
1313:Poir.:FloraBase"
1311:Atriplex cinerea
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1270:Atriplex hamilus
1263:
1257:
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1248:
1242:
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1182:
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1120:
1110:
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1080:
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1059:
1050:(6): 1900–1915.
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822:
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806:Atriplex cinerea
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788:Atriplex cinerea
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762:Atriplex cinerea
756:
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673:Atriplex cinerea
658:Atriplex cinerea
534:Atriplex cinerea
492:Atriplex halimus
455:Atriplex cinerea
374:Atriplex cinerea
357:
341:
329:
316:Atriplex cinerea
306:Atriplex cinerea
291:Atriplex cinerea
273:D'Urville Island
214:Atriplex cinerea
203:Occurrence data
198:
182:
180:Atriplex cinerea
70:
69:
51:
35:
25:Atriplex cinerea
21:
16:Species of plant
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1216:
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1185:
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1142:
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1128:
1124:
1088:
1087:
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1033:
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1028:
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889:10.1071/SB15029
870:
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838:
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829:
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797:
784:S.W.L. Jacobs.
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743:
741:
732:
731:
727:
718:
714:
709:
704:
703:
690:
686:
681:
650:
607:A. rhagodioiode
554:A. acutibractea
549:A. semibraccata
531:
465:Joseph Maiden's
452:
408:
371:
366:
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364:
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358:
349:
342:
333:
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261:New South Wales
249:South Australia
189:
184:
178:
165:
162:A. cinerea
64:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1825:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
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1772:
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1764:wfo-0000555911
1755:
1742:
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1690:
1677:
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1641:
1628:
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1402:External links
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586:A. spinbractea
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289:means "ashy".
223:coast saltbush
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128:Caryophyllales
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867:
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277:Palliser Bay
269:Boulder Bank
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1699:kew-2665151
1593:iNaturalist
1474:Wikispecies
633:A. paludosa
590:A. suberata
558:A. angulate
529:Recognition
314:Flowers of
301:Description
105:Angiosperms
1781:Categories
1694:Plant List
1427:15 January
1272:L. shrubs"
1208:(4): 527.
929:23 October
902:23 October
883:(4): 238.
707:References
582:A. pumilio
570:A. limbata
509:A. hamilus
504:A. cinerea
499:A. halimus
467:1889 book
444:A. cinerea
439:A. cinerea
431:A. cinerea
423:A. cinerea
416:A. cinerea
282:The Latin
243:states of
241:Australian
1541:FloraBase
1317:FloraBase
1219:8 October
925:: 762–765
841:17 August
813:FloraBase
744:9 October
654:FloraBase
378:halophyte
232:truganini
156:Species:
75:Kingdom:
1787:Atriplex
1746:VicFlora
1733:Tropicos
1645:NSWFlora
1611:163716-1
1515:eFloraSA
1465:Q2709156
1459:Wikidata
1347:VicFlora
1293:13 April
1117:24811953
1076:28558173
1040:species"
1038:Atriplex
1004:8 August
897:85903596
693:Atriplex
669:VicFlora
642:Atriplex
539:Atriplex
522:Atriplex
480:Atriplex
473:Atriplex
459:Atriplex
400:Atriplex
346:anthesis
295:Atriplex
257:Victoria
253:Tasmania
149:Atriplex
134:Family:
118:Eudicots
1738:7200422
1572:6035692
1176:3 March
954:4 March
435:vagrant
369:Habitat
287:cinerea
227:barilla
144:Genus:
124:Order:
79:Plantae
1707:PLANTS
1686:667885
1657:NZOR:
1637:545657
1624:822776
1598:323798
1494:110945
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297:is 9.
275:, and
1712:ATCI2
1668:NZPCN
1554:FoAO2
1533:ATXCI
1413:Poir"
1389:5 May
1374:(PDF)
1353:5 May
1323:5 May
1161:(PDF)
893:S2CID
433:as a
187:Poir.
112:Clade
99:Clade
86:Clade
1720:POWO
1632:NCBI
1619:ITIS
1606:IPNI
1585:6003
1580:GRIN
1567:GBIF
1546:2452
1528:EPPO
1507:JLBP
1489:APNI
1429:2020
1391:2020
1378:ISBN
1355:2020
1325:2020
1295:2020
1221:2020
1178:2020
1165:ISBN
1136:ISBN
1113:PMID
1072:PMID
1006:2020
975:ISBN
956:2020
931:2020
904:2020
843:2024
746:2020
679:Note
605:and
592:and
512:and
450:Uses
259:and
1759:WFO
1673:724
1502:CoL
1284:doi
1210:doi
1103:doi
1062:hdl
1052:doi
885:doi
229:or
205:ALA
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