28:
20:
254:
This battle took place in spring, when
Emperor Gallienus was still the undisputed and sole ruler of the Empire. But he was not named on the altar since Postumus had already declared himself emperor by the time the inscription was produced in autumn. It was originally assumed that Postumus' usurpation
243:
in 260, the
Juthungi had already stopped further north with thousands of Italian captives and copious booty. The inscription of the victory altar indicates that these were met by regular Roman troops and a provincial levy near the Rhaetian provincial capital, and defeated in a two-day battle (24 and
95:, almost 400 m outside the former Roman city area. It is possible that it was originally displayed in the immediate area of the find location at a river crossing. The stone probably also had a statue of the goddess Victoria, but this is now lost; the base plate survives, however (in the same place).
255:
took place only in autumn of 260, but
Postumus must have rebelled from his authority already some time before September of this year, probably in June or July. Naturally, after his proclamation a reference to Gallienus was impossible, even though we still don't know when Genialis changed sides.
148:
Deae sanctae
Victoriae / ob barbaros gentis Semnonum / sive Iouthungorum die / VIII et VII Kal(endarum) Maiar(um) caesos / fugatosque a militibus prov(inciae) / Raetiae sed et Germanicianis / itemque popularibus excussis / multis milibus Italorum captivor(um) / compos votorum suorum /
298:("locals"), which might mean just armed civilians (perhaps veterans). Perhaps the latter were a kind of citizen militia, raised from the residents of the provincial capital and its hinterland and therefore highly motivated to defeat the German raiders.
208:
were later erased. The name of the usurper
Postumus seems to have been made illegible using a chisel, while the remaining letters of these lines were simply scratched out. However, enough survives for the original text to be fully reconstructed.
258:
Nevertheless, the political situation changed rapidly. Probably in 262/3, but by 265 at the latest, the
Rhaetians were back under the control of Gallienus. At this point followers and supporters of Postumus fell under the
251:. Until its discovery, no source indicated that the province of Rhaetia was a part of it; apparently the break-away empire was also established earlier than had previously been assumed.
87:, is 1.56 metres (5.1 ft) high, 0.79 metres (2.6 ft) wide, and 0.75 metres (2.5 ft) deep. It was found in 1992 by construction workers in Jakobvorstadt, Gänsbühl,
265:. The name of Genialis and the consuls as well as the mention of the army were erased from the inscription; probably they were only covered with stucco and remained readable.
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102:(222–235), managed to survive above the actual inscription, hidden under a lipped stone lid, as were working marks on the side corners of the cornice.
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In addition to the record of this event, the inscription also allows further clarification of the expansion and chronology of the so-called
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The composition of the partially Roman army at this battle is typical of the period. This force, led by
Genialis, an officer from the
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384:
343:
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Original publication: Lothar Bakker. "Das
Siegesdenkmal zur Juthungenschlacht des Jahres 260 n. Chr. aus Augusta Vindelicum."
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451:
434:
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Lothar Bakker. "Raetien unter
Postumus. Das Siegesdenkmal einer Juthungenschlacht im Jahre 260 n. Chr. aus Augsburg." In
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183:
473:
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162:
72:
498:
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As common in this period, it was a recycled monument. The original dedication, dating to the time of
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310:. "Das Siegesdenkmal zur Juthungenschlacht des Jahres 260 n. Chr. aus Augusta Vindelicum." In
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with his army] happily and deservedly erected this altar, dedicated three days before the
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157:/ libens merito posuit / dedicata III Idus Septemb(res) Imp(eratore) d(omino) n(ostro) /
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and locals, freeing many thousands of
Italian captives; in fulfillment of his vow,
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M(arcus) Simplicinius Genialis v(ir) p(erfectissimus) a(gens) v(ices) p(raesidis)
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dates the creation of the altar to 11 September 260. The stone is kept in the
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Lines 10 and 11 with the names of the Rhaetian governor and the ruler of the
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of May and put to flight by soldiers of the province of Raetia as well as
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Imperium Romanum. Römer, Christen, Alamannen. Die Spätantike am Oberrhein
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To the holy goddess Victory, on account of barbarians of the race of the
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25 April). Until the discovery of the altar, this event was not known.
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since c.170). Instead the contingent was formed (perhaps rapidly) of
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In h(onour) of the d(ivine) h(ouse) / Sevus [Alexander Aug(ustus)
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or Iuthungi killed on the eighth and seventh days before the
47:) is the name given to a Roman altar of the victory goddess
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Der Augsburger Siegesaltar – Zeugnis einer unruhigen Zeit.
51:, which was set up on the occasion of the victory of a
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of September when the Emperor, our lord gustus, and
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In autumn/winter of 259 the Juthungi, including the
422:Das Archäologische Jahr in Bayern: Jahrgang 1992
326:Lothar Bakker. "Der Augsburger Siegesaltar." In
312:Das Archäologische Jahr in Bayern. Jahrgang 1992
402:Entry for the inscription on ubi erat lupa.org
8:
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379:Saalburgmuseum Bad Homburg v. d. H. 1995,
239:managed to defeat the German invasion at
121:In h(onorem) d(omus) d(ivinae) / Sevi /
349:Lothar Bakker. "Objektbeschreibung." In
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369:, Catalogue No. I.3.2 (on the CD-ROM).
286:(members of units of Upper Germania),
484:Archaeological discoveries in Germany
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67:. The mention of the rebel emperor
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504:1992 archaeological discoveries
359:Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier
1:
278:(which had been stationed at
184:Marcus Simplicinius Genialis
323:71, 1993, pp. 369–386.
219:Crisis of the Third Century
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361:. von Zabern, Mainz 2007,
338:. Theiss, Stuttgart 2005,
288:milites provinciae Raetiae
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163:Honoratiano co(n)s(ulibus)
314:(1993), pp. 116–119.
91:, in a former arm of the
73:Römisches Museum Augsburg
479:3rd-century inscriptions
357:Exhibition catalogue of
132:The later inscription:
105:The older inscription:
328:Badisches Landesmuseum
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55:over the tribe of the
45:Augsburger Siegesaltar
44:
37:Augsburg Victory Altar
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31:Augsburg Victory Altar
24:
23:Augsburg Victory Altar
355:Konstantin der GroĂźe.
79:Altar and inscription
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22:
424:(1993), pp. 116–119.
233:Failure of the Limes
65:Augusta Vindelicorum
489:History of Augsburg
231:and invaded Italy (
83:The altar, made of
63:provincial capital
474:Latin inscriptions
389:Saalburg-Schriften
213:Historical context
188:vir perfectissimus
155:cum eodem exercitu
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367:978-3-8053-3688-8
351:Alexander Demandt
275:legio III Italica
262:damnatio memoriae
235:). While Emperor
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100:Severus Alexander
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373:Egon Schallmayer
292:auxiliary troops
229:Limes Germanicus
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302:Bibliography
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290:(presumably
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284:Germaniciani
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159:Postumo Aug
16:Roman altar
468:Categories
456:1993, 1231
439:1993, 1231
408:References
241:Mediolanum
217:See also:
161:(usto) et
53:Roman army
332:Karlsruhe
296:populares
237:Gallienus
59:near the
441:, Z. 1–3
320:Germania
172:Semnones
141:English
114:English
89:Augsburg
69:Postumus
61:Rhaetian
57:Juthungi
49:Victoria
375:(Ed.).
353:(Ed.),
334:(Ed.),
270:equites
192:praeses
180:Germani
176:Kalends
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294:) and
138:Latin
111:Latin
41:German
225:Suebi
381:ISBN
363:ISBN
340:ISBN
196:Ides
93:Lech
35:The
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