42:
199:
Dictatorship, which was largely centralist and fanatically nationalist, and who saw the existence of an
Azorean currency as an anathema. In this context, a decree-law (19869, 2 June 1931) was published to unify the currency, and imposed by Salazar, even as many taxpayers were leery of the plan. Ancillary measures were therefore adopted, under decree-law 21/189 (2 May 1932), that established a deduction for taxpayers and credits for island residents, namely those who, by law or contract, accepted the imposition of the Portuguese escudo in the archipelago. This measure was imposed without protest.
219:
245:. These were 80 réis coins cast in gun or bell metal. From 1843, smaller, copper 5, 10 and 20 réis were issued, with the 20 réis ceasing in 1866 whilst the 5 and 10 réis continued until 1901. In both 1871 and 1887, various foreign coins were overstamped for use on the Azores. This produced denominations of 10, 20, 40, 120, 300, 600 and 1200 réis in 1871 and 15, 120, 300, 600 and 1200 réis in 1887.
277:
195:
Azores. The proposal, supported by public officials and larger merchants, ran counter to the resistance from the local population that paid their taxes 25% greater than island currencies and who were afraid of the monetary crises that occurred during the first half of the 19th century. During these episodes local commerce was decimated and local savings in ruins.
194:
Owing to their surcharge, the island currency maintained a denomination that was inferior to the continental currency. Since the end of the 19th century there was a push to unify the currency in order to facilitate commercial exchange and eliminate barriers to free movement of cash that isolated the
198:
Notwithstanding its residential unpopularity, the difference in value was seen as a source of problems for commercial relations, and many sectors of the
Azorean economy were interested in settling these issues. These economic pressures were in line with the ideological stance of the National
209:
The
Azorean banknotes were, in general, similar to the Portuguese real, but distinguished by its 25% discount in comparison to the continental unit. The coin existed in multiple denominations specific to the Azores, and today have a larger value.
190:
Although the
Madeira equivalent continued to circulate until the end of the 19th century, the Azorean real continued to appear until 1931. At that time it was discounted by 25% to the Portuguese currency.
180:) of Portugal, referring to the archipelago of the Azores and Madeira. It consisted of coins and banknotes, specifically issued and circulated in those islands, but with their own surcharge.
206:. It was a popular return, but became irrelevant with the Portuguese adhesion to the European Union, the growth in the regional economy, and the adoption of the Euro.
372:
202:
The issue of an
Azorean currency only reappeared in 1975, during the context of the autonomy and independentist movements, that succeeded the 25 April 1974
230:
In the late 18th century, copper 5, 10 and 20 réis and silver 75, 150 and 300 réis coins were issued. Production of silver coins ceased in 1798.
483:
448:
347:
478:
458:
508:
503:
426:
404:
498:
493:
436:
414:
488:
257:
first issued paper currency in the Azores in 1876. In 1895, 5000, 10,000, 20,000 and 50,000 réis notes were issued by the
41:
123:
218:
187:
replaced the real (1000 réis = 1 escudo) in 1911, the
Azorean banknotes continued to circulate until 1932.
183:
Coins were issued for the Azores until 1901 and banknotes were issued between 1895 and 1910. Although the
389:
223:
234:
238:
203:
108:
30:
265:
notes, overstamped with "Açôres", in denominations of 2500, 5000, 10,000, 20,000 and 50,000 réis.
397:(in Portuguese), Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal: Museu de Angra de Heroísmo, 16 June 2011
454:
432:
410:
366:
343:
184:
242:
128:
472:
453:. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (7th ed.). Krause Publications.
282:
97:
137:
This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete.
272:
409:. Colin R. Bruce II (senior editor) (5th ed.). Krause Publications.
157:
161:
361:(in Portuguese), Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal, p. 81
384:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: University of Lisbon
359:
Pecunia
Insulana. Memória Histórica da Moeda Açoriana
122:
117:
107:
95:
90:
82:
74:
69:
61:
53:
48:
21:
22:
357:Oliveira Martins, Francisco Ernesto de (2003),
424:Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1991).
402:Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1978).
261:. These were followed by the 1905-1910 issue
8:
16:
371:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
320:
318:
316:
306:
304:
302:
300:
298:
217:
294:
431:(18th ed.). Krause Publications.
364:
15:
449:Standard Catalog of World Paper Money
7:
342:(13 ed.). Krause Publications.
340:Paper Money General Issues 1368-1960
382:A Unificação Monetária em Portugal
14:
310:Rita Martins de Sousa (2004), p.2
275:
40:
427:Standard Catalog of World Coins
405:Standard Catalog of World Coins
380:Sousa, Rita Martins de (2004),
237:emergency coins were issued by
1:
172:The real was currency of the
484:Economic history of Portugal
148:, also known as the Azorean
525:
479:Modern obsolete currencies
156:) was the currency of the
338:Cuhaj, George S. (2010).
135:
39:
23:
222:20 Azores Reals, 1865.
509:Currencies of Portugal
504:1911 disestablishments
227:
499:Economy of the Azores
494:History of the Azores
446:Pick, Albert (1994).
221:
489:Currencies of Europe
233:In 1829, during the
204:Carnation Revolution
75:Date of introduction
259:Agencias dos Açôres
164:, used until 1931.
160:archipelago of the
103:Agencias dos Açôres
18:
324:Cuhaj (2010), p.96
228:
349:978-1-4402-1293-2
263:Banco de Portugal
255:Banco de Portugal
185:Portuguese escudo
142:
141:
113:Banco de Portugal
516:
464:
451:: General Issues
442:
420:
398:
396:
385:
376:
370:
362:
353:
325:
322:
311:
308:
285:
280:
279:
278:
235:Regency of Angra
178:Adjacent Islands
174:Ilhas Adjacentes
154:Insular Currency
100:
44:
34:
26:
25:
19:
524:
523:
519:
518:
517:
515:
514:
513:
469:
468:
467:
461:
445:
439:
423:
417:
401:
394:
388:
379:
363:
356:
350:
337:
333:
328:
323:
314:
309:
296:
292:
281:
276:
274:
271:
251:
243:Terceira Island
216:
170:
129:Portuguese real
96:
28:
12:
11:
5:
522:
520:
512:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
471:
470:
466:
465:
459:
443:
437:
421:
415:
407:: 1979 Edition
399:
391:Faces da Moeda
386:
377:
354:
348:
334:
332:
329:
327:
326:
312:
293:
291:
288:
287:
286:
270:
267:
250:
247:
215:
212:
169:
166:
150:Moeda Insulana
140:
139:
133:
132:
126:
120:
119:
115:
114:
111:
105:
104:
101:
93:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
24:Moeda Insulana
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
521:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
474:
462:
460:0-87341-207-9
456:
452:
450:
444:
440:
434:
430:
428:
422:
418:
412:
408:
406:
400:
393:
392:
387:
383:
378:
374:
368:
360:
355:
351:
345:
341:
336:
335:
330:
321:
319:
317:
313:
307:
305:
303:
301:
299:
295:
289:
284:
273:
268:
266:
264:
260:
256:
248:
246:
244:
240:
236:
231:
225:
220:
213:
211:
207:
205:
200:
196:
192:
188:
186:
181:
179:
175:
167:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
138:
134:
130:
127:
125:
121:
116:
112:
110:
106:
102:
99:
94:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
32:
20:
447:
425:
403:
390:
381:
358:
339:
283:Money portal
262:
258:
254:
252:
232:
229:
208:
201:
197:
193:
189:
182:
177:
173:
171:
153:
149:
146:Azorean real
145:
143:
136:
131:= -15% units
98:Central bank
70:Demographics
17:Azorean Real
429:: 1801–1991
124:Pegged with
473:Categories
438:0873411501
416:0873410203
269:References
158:Portuguese
31:Portuguese
249:Banknotes
118:Valuation
367:citation
239:Maria II
91:Issuance
86:Portugal
62:Nickname
331:Sources
168:History
109:Printer
83:User(s)
457:
435:
413:
346:
224:Luís I
162:Azores
54:Plural
35:
27:
395:(PDF)
290:Notes
214:Coins
455:ISBN
433:ISBN
411:ISBN
373:link
344:ISBN
253:The
144:The
78:1829
65:Real
57:Reis
49:Unit
241:on
475::
369:}}
365:{{
315:^
297:^
463:.
441:.
419:.
375:)
352:.
226:.
176:(
152:(
33:)
29:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
