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179:. This was followed by ATSR-2 on ERS-2 in 1995 and by AATSR on the Envisat satellite in 2002. The original ATSR-1 instrument lacked the three shortest wavelength channels provided by AATSR, whereas ATSR-2 was functionally identical. This has led to a near-continuous SST dataset extending from 1991 to the present day. Looking to the future, a successor instrument is being developed to fly on ESA’s
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83:(immediately below the satellite) and the other along the satellite track at close to 55° from the nadir, thereby providing two views of each point on the Earth's surface, each with a different effective atmospheric thickness. This dual-view system enables a particularly accurate estimate to be made of the signal degradation due to atmospheric absorption and
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the task of separating the surface and atmospheric contributions to the measured signal. Thus the effects of atmospheric aerosols can be removed from surface products (such as surface reflectance or NDVI). Conversely, a similar approach can be used to account for the surface reflectance in determining aerosol or cloud properties. Additionally, the
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The dual-view measurements provided by the along-track scanning technique is also a key feature of AATSR when used for atmospheric or vegetation measurements. As with the SST measurements, the two measurements of each point on the surface through different atmospheric path lengths greatly simplifies
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are maintained at temperatures near to the extremes of the Earth temperatures as measured by AATSR and they are both viewed during each scan cycle of the instrument. This calibration system ensures that measurements of thermal radiation from the Earth’s surface are properly calibrated and do not
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One of the most important aspects of the ATSR series of space instruments is that it has, over a period of just over 15 years, undergone the transition from experimental sensor on the ERS satellites, developing the technique and demonstrating the accuracy that can be achieved with along-track
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AATSR has three channels at thermal infrared wavelengths, from which surface temperatures are derived over both sea and land surfaces. In addition, AATSR has four visible and near-infrared wavelength channels which are used to identify cloudy areas and to measure
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The required accuracies are better than 0.3 °C with a stability approaching 0.1 °C /decade. Because of its wide angle lens it is possible to make very precise measurements of atmospheric effects on how emissions from the Earth's surface propagate.
50:. Among the secondary objectives of AATSR is the observation of environmental parameters such as aerosols, clouds, fires, gas flares, water content, biomass, and vegetal health and growth. AATSR is the successor of ATSR-1 and ATSR-2, payloads of
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in order to support their programme of climate prediction and research. It was developed and is operated in collaboration with ESA. There is also a significant
Australian contribution to the AATSR programme, now managed by the
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AATSR also embodies an exceptionally precise and stable on-board calibration system, comprising two reference targets specially designed for high uniformity and stability. These two targets, known as
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Earth observational satellite will house many earth observational instruments including SLSTR (Sea and Land
Surface Temperature Radiometer) which is the successor to AATSR.
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that is scattered and reflected from the Earth’s surface and atmosphere. These channels provide measurements from which land-cover properties, for example,
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AATSR is the third in a series of instruments started by ATSR-1, which was launched in 1991 on the
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to the high levels of accuracy and stability required for monitoring and carrying out research into the behaviour of the Earth’s
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rely on ground-based measurements, although such measurements are continually used to evaluate AATSR’s performance.
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Sea-surface temperature-measurements by the Along Track
Scanning Radiometer on the ERS-1 Satellite - early results.
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programme. This will ensure the continuity of AATSR-standard SST data into the foreseeable future.
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ESA's page about the GMES programme including information on
Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-3 and SLSTR
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scanning, to that of an operational system, within Europe’s
Envisat and future GMES Programmes.
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AATSR can measure Earth's surface temperature to a precision of 0.3 K (0.5 °F), for
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D.Llewellyn-Jones, M.C.Edwards, C.T.Mutlow, A.R.Birks, I.J.Barton, H.Tait;
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AATSR: Global-Change and
Surface-Temperature Measurements from ENVISAT.
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Mutlow, C.T., Zavody, A.M., Barton, I.J. and
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The AATSR is a nationally provided instrument, funded by the UK’s
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with the principal objective of providing data concerning global
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satellite, which is part of the space segment of the
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Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
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Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra)
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http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bullet105/bul105_1.pdf
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http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1994/94JC01758.shtml
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Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES)
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137:and aerosol plume heights using geometric means.
503:Space Applications and Telecommunications Centre
316:, No.C11, 22575–22588, 1994. (Can be found at:
272:. Vol. 28, no. 9. pp. 1921–1938.
133:between the two views can be used to determine
513:Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility
230:. Vol. 37, no. 1. pp. 526–537.
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363:Further information about ATSR-1 and ATSR-2
31:This instrument is a multi-channel imaging
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312:Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans,
18:Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer
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121:and atmospheric particulate matter (or
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117:, as well as
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1710:
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1653:
1562:Lunar Lander
1480:and proposed
1465:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1228:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1198:
1190:
1182:
1033:
1025:
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866:
857:
838:
815:Mars Express
777:
655:Predecessors
634:Horizon 2000
335:
331:
313:
309:
294:. Retrieved
290:the original
269:
259:
248:the original
227:
214:
201:
194:
174:
171:Predecessors
153:
144:
127:
107:
94:
74:
70:
45:
30:
17:
15:
1700:WikiProject
1572:MarcoPolo-R
1522:Don Quijote
1492:Ariane 5 ME
1456:(2015–2017)
1386:Galileo FOC
1380:Galileo IOV
1352:(1989–1993)
1291:Jules Verne
1272:spaceflight
1103:(2009–2013)
1091:(2003–2007)
1089:Double Star
1085:(2002–2012)
1073:(1995–2011)
1067:(1991–2000)
1061:(1977–1997)
974:(2009–2013)
968:(2009–2013)
944:(1995–1998)
926:(1989–1993)
920:(1983–1986)
914:(1978–1996)
908:(1975–1982)
846:BepiColombo
833:(2005–2014)
827:(2004–2016)
811:(2003–2006)
805:(1997–2005)
799:(1985–1992)
768:(2000–2024)
756:(1990–2009)
750:(1977–1987)
683:Arianespace
91:Calibration
28:satellite.
1717:Categories
1587:Phootprint
1567:Marco Polo
1408:Technology
1238:MetOp-SG-B
1230:MetOp-SG-A
1206:Sentinel-4
1177:ADM-Aeolus
1157:Sentinel-3
1139:Sentinel-2
1125:Sentinel-1
1053:Copernicus
948:XMM-Newton
766:Cluster II
572:Copernicus
543:Programmes
471:Facilities
421:Spaceports
296:2010-09-11
206:References
197:Sentinel 3
181:Sentinel 3
141:Importance
85:scattering
77:atmosphere
33:radiometer
1628:CryoSat-1
1602:STE-QUEST
1537:Eddington
1527:e.Deorbit
1478:Cancelled
1350:Olympus-1
1192:EarthCARE
1113:CryoSat-2
962:(2006–13)
938:(1992–93)
924:Hipparcos
898:cosmology
191:Successor
167:in 1993.
135:cloud top
1689:Wikinews
1665:Category
1285:Columbus
1209:) (2024)
1019:ARRAKIHS
972:Herschel
954:INTEGRAL
884:EnVision
837:ExoMars
693:EUMETSAT
584:Columbus
577:Sentinel
457:Ariane 6
452:Ariane 5
321:Archived
131:parallax
123:aerosols
104:Channels
67:Accuracy
24:(ESA)'s
1677:Commons
1654:italics
1623:Cluster
1607:THESEUS
1592:SOLARIS
1467:PROBA-3
1460:OPS-SAT
1442:PROBA-V
1436:PROBA-2
1424:PROBA-1
1374:HYLAS-1
1368:GIOVE-B
1362:GIOVE-A
1356:Artemis
1184:Biomass
1083:Envisat
1022:(2030s)
821:Rosetta
809:SMART-1
803:Huygens
754:Ulysses
734:Science
609:ExoMars
599:GALILEO
589:CryoSat
550:Artemis
529:ESTRACK
434:Esrange
274:Bibcode
232:Bibcode
62:Details
41:climate
26:Envisat
1633:GEOS 1
1616:Failed
1582:ODINUS
1552:Hopper
1547:Hermes
1542:EXPERT
1470:(2024)
1450:(2015)
1432:(2007)
1420:(1998)
1346:(1978)
1344:GEOS 2
1329:(2021)
1323:(2014)
1317:(2013)
1311:(2012)
1305:(2011)
1297:Cupola
1293:(2008)
1257:(2027)
1249:(2025)
1241:(2025)
1233:(2025)
1225:(2025)
1217:(2025)
1214:ALTIUS
1195:(2024)
1187:(2024)
1038:(2035)
1030:(2035)
1027:Athena
1014:(2029)
1006:(2026)
996:Euclid
984:CHEOPS
966:Planck
936:Eureca
918:EXOSAT
887:(2031)
879:(2029)
871:(2028)
862:(2024)
854:(2023)
825:Philae
797:Giotto
782:(2031)
748:ISEE-2
562:Aurora
119:clouds
1597:SPICA
1392:EGNOS
1254:FORUM
1246:SMILE
1119:Swarm
1095:MetOp
1071:ERS-2
1065:ERS-1
1011:ARIEL
1003:PLATO
960:CoRoT
906:Cos-B
869:rover
779:Vigil
703:GEWEX
646:Pride
604:ELIPS
594:EGNOS
251:(PDF)
224:(PDF)
177:ERS-1
81:nadir
56:ERS-2
52:ERS-1
1557:LOFT
1532:EChO
1512:CSTS
1487:AIDA
1430:YES2
1222:FLEX
1107:SMOS
1101:GOCE
1035:LISA
978:Gaia
859:Hera
760:SOHO
614:FLPP
462:Vega
195:The
115:NDVI
54:and
16:The
1448:IXV
1418:ARD
1270:ISS
942:ISO
912:IUE
567:ATV
555:ESM
336:105
282:doi
240:doi
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1165:3B
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1161:3A
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1151:2C
1149:/
1147:2B
1145:/
1143:2A
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314:99
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226:.
87:.
58:.
43:.
1203:(
823:/
401:e
394:t
387:v
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284::
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