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black belt form has 81 moves, and the 9th degree black belt form has 99 moves. If all of the forms (eighteen in all) are done in sequence, they form the pattern of a nine pointed star (eight outer points plus a center point) referred to as the
Songahm Star. According to the ATA, when the outer points of the Songahm star are connected, they form a circle which exemplifies complete balance. The ATA teaches that forms create a contextual application for new material learned at each belt level.
25:
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In 1984, the
Songahm Taekwondo Federation (STF) was founded by Eternal Grand Master H.U. Lee and Master Cezar Ozuna to help spread Songahm Taekwondo outside of the United States. In the fall of 1990, the World Traditional Taekwondo Union (WTTU) was formed. While the ATA encompasses licensed locations
633:
At promotional testings and ATA tournaments, Level 3 Certified
Instructors have the option to wear navy blue suits in lieu of their doboks. 5th degree black belts and up wear matching blue pants, while 1st through 4th degree black belts wear grey pants. A special ATA patch is worn on the instructor's
600:
with the appropriate belt and additions. Each dobok has on the right breast an ATA shield patch with a school or club-specific patch on the left. On the back of the uniform, instructors and trainee instructors are required to have the word "TAEKWONDO" arching over a red and blue ATA patch. Underneath
496:
Licensed locations often utilize full-length color stripes in belts to signify the various rank. White, Orange, Yellow, Camo, Green, Purple, Blue, Brown, Red and Black stripes run along the center of the belt from one end to the other. These locations may also utilize black wrapped stripes around one
466:
At promotional rank testings, students may receive a "Full Pass," "Half Pass," or "No Change." For recommended black belt ranks, the student is required to successfully pass testing for their next decided rank within 6 months of achieving their current recommended rank. Failure to do so would result
453:
The rank of 9th degree black belt is the highest conventional ranked Black Belt. Obtaining the rank denotes one as a "Grand Master". The honorary rank of 10th degree black belt, also known as "Eternal Grand Master", was bestowed upon Haeng Ung Lee, the founder of the ATA, following his death in 2000.
357:
According to the ATA, practitioners of
Songahm Taekwondo study poome sae (forms, a preset combination of offensive and defensive techniques, designed to simulate self-defense techniques being used upon multiple opponents), gyeo-roo-gi (sparring), one-steps (scripted sparring segments), self-defense,
505:
A form (poome sae) is a series of kicks, blocks and other techniques put together in a set pattern. The pattern becomes more complex as students progress through the ranks. For example, the 9th grade white belt form contains eighteen moves. The 5th grade green belt form has 34 moves, the 1st degree
462:
Each rank from white belt to second degree black belt may be held either as a
Recommended (R) or Decided (D) rank. The "decided" rank is a half step above the "recommended" rank. Some schools denote this rank with a piece of black tape around the end of the belt hanging on the student's right side,
802:
With his diagnosis of cancer in 2000, H.U. Lee realized it was necessary to formalize his founder's council and thus "communicate his vision to the other seniors in the organization". Via his Grand Master's Decree on
September 9, 2000, the Master's Council was created with the following members:
492:
The
Taekwondo for ATA Tigers program for preschool students (3-6) uses patches with animals on them instead of black stripes on the belt to denote rank level: Turtle (Ara) for white belt, Tiger (Baeoh) for orange belt; Cheetah (Cheeri) for yellow belt; Lion (Raon) for camo belt; Eagle (Suri) for
793:
When H.U. Lee was promoted to Grand Master in 1990, he created an informal council of "his most loyal and trusted
Masters and advisors." This council consisted of Soon Ho Lee (H.U.'s brother and successor), In Ho Lee (Soon Ho's successor), G.K. Lee (In Ho's successor), Robert Allemier, William
375:
series. Each series has nine ranks, the purpose of which are to establish a chain of command and measurement of student progress. The increased number of smaller goals provided by nine levels of colored belt rank was designed for added motivation by giving many short term goals to achieve and
601:
the patch is the instructor's name, either as "JOHN DOE" or "J. DOE." Non-instructor students may wear a uniform with "TAEKWONDO" and an ATA patch on the back, however, these students do not wear their names on their backs. Instead of a name, the student will have the location of the
658:
Founded during the fall of 1990, The World
Traditional Taekwondo Union (WTTU) is a division of Songahm Taekwondo. While the ATA consists of taekwondo schools in the United States and the STF consists of schools in South America, the WTTU covers the remainder of the world.
358:
board breaking, weapons, and leadership. The ATA has a legacy program that allows students to work as leaders and instructors in junior classes. This helps the trainee instructors become qualified taekwondo instructors and earn the ATA title of
Certified Instructor.
676:
After 2015, with the promotion of a second concurrent 9th Degree (Richard Reed), the title "Presiding Grand Master" is now used to indicate the Grand Master chosen from among the group of 9th degrees to be in charge of the martial arts side of ATA.
483:
Before 2015, there was only one Grand Master at a time; however, after the promotion of multiple Grand Masters the title "Presiding Grand Master" is now used to distinguish the Grand Master chosen from the others to be in charge of the ATA.
672:
Within the Songahm system of taekwondo, there has been traditionally one 9th Degree Black Belt within the organization at a time. This individual held the title of Grand Master and was considered to be the leader of Songahm Taekwondo.
345:
means "Pine Tree and Rock." According to the organization, the term Songahm itself represents "Evergreen strength the year round, long life and a symbol of unchanging human loyalty" as represented by the pine tree and the rock.
582:
One steps are a short combination of blocks, strikes and kicks that serve as a precursor to free sparring. The ATA aims to teach students to put moves into combinations, focus their techniques at a specific target, learn
475:
Upon attaining the rank of 6th degree black belt, the next step is earning the mantle of "Master Instructor." To earn this title the 6th degree must undergo a rigorous application and testing process lasting one year.
129:
605:. Certified tournament judges may wear their appropriate level chevrons on their left sleeves. Also, there is a black and red dobok used specifically for the leadership program, with red lettering and no patches.
587:
and gain self-control. There are three specific one steps for each belt level starting at white belt and ending with green. As with the forms, the one steps become more complex as a student progresses in rank.
479:
Similarly, there is a minimum period of a year between earning a 7th degree and the Senior Master title, earning an 8th degree and the Chief Master title, and earning a 9th degree and the Grand Master title.
853:
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White Belt (Songahm 1) - "Pure and without the knowledge of Songahm Taekwondo. As with the Pine Tree, the seed must now be planted and nourished to develop strong roots."
803:
Grandmasters Clark, In Ho Lee, G.K. Lee, M.K. Lee, Robert Jager, Michael Caruso, and Cesar Ozuna (with whom H.U. Lee had founded the South American branch).
391:
Orange Belt (Songahm 2) - "The sun is beginning to rise. As with the morning's dawn, only the beauty of the sunrise is seen rather than the immense power."
329:
To "serve as a memorial to work, dedication and commitment," the H.U. Lee International Gate and Garden was erected in 2009 in front of ATA headquarters.
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425:
1st Degree Black Belt (Shim Jun) - "The tree has reached maturity and has overcome the darkness. It must now begin to 'plant seeds for the future.'"
1694:
1531:
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in the United States and Canada, the STF includes licensed locations in South America and the WTTU covers the remaining portion of the world.
315:
and began teaching American servicemen, including an officer named Richard Reed. The two met in 1961 and Reed would inspire Lee to move to
291:
With over 300,000 active members in over 21 countries —800 schools and 120,000 members in the United States alone—it is one of the largest
497:
end to signify "time-in-grade" or "Degree of Rank" with advancement to the next belt color after obtaining five (5) stripes or 'degrees'.
493:
green belt; Phoenix (Choa) for purple belt; Dragon (Mir) for blue belt; Cobra (Narsha) for brown belt; and Panther (Baron) for red belt.
443:
7th Degree Black Belt (Chul Joon) - "A project of self-awareness towards an individual's future leadership role within Songham Taekwondo"
223:
Grand Master Emeritus Soon Ho Lee; Grand Master In Ho Lee; Grand Master M.K. Lee; Grand Master William Clark; Grand Master Robert Allemier
467:
in the student being returned to their next lowest decided rank (I.E. a 2nd degree recommended would be returned to 1st degree decided).
422:
1st Degree Black Belt Recommended (half red and half black in appearance) - "The dawn of a new day. The sun breaks through the darkness."
326:
in 1977. The first World Championships tournament was begun in 1990, where H.U. Lee was the first to receive the title of Grand Master.
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The Songahm Taekwondo Federation is a branch of ATA established for South America. It was founded in 1984 by H.U. Lee and Cesar Ozuna.
928:
379:
According to the ATA, each belt has a symbolic meaning that compares the student's growth in taekwondo to the growth of a pine tree:
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received his first degree black belt in 1954, and began teaching taekwondo to Korean army members. He then opened a school near a
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The rank was sponsored and awarded by Grand Masters of other major martial arts, many of whom attended Haeng Ung Lee's funeral.
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gave the name, Songahm, and its meaning to his brother, Haeng Ung Lee years before H.U. Lee founded the ATA. In the
397:
Camouflage Belt (Songahm 4) - "The sapling is hidden amongst the taller pines and must now fight its way upwards."
75:
956:
372:
1121:
Lee, H. U. (1993). The Way of Traditional Taekwondo. Volume A: Philosophy and Traditions. ATA Publications, Inc.
992:
608:
Masters wear traditional silk uniforms for special events such as the Masters Ceremony at World Championships.
57:
35:
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Purple Belt (Inwha 1) - "Coming to the mountain. The tree is in mid-growth and now the path becomes steep."
354:, the student is compared to a growing pine tree, from a seed (white belt) to a massive tree (black belt).
437:
5th Degree Black Belt (Chung Hae) - "Mastered all kinds of knowledge and utilizes this to do many things."
428:
2nd Degree Black Belt (Jung Yul) - "With your noble character, you will develop a new permanence in life."
322:
The American Taekwondo Association was formed in 1969, and its permanent headquarters was established in
1392:
904:"Presiding Grand Master M.K. Lee Inauguration Part 2 | Induction of the 5th Presiding Grand Master"
323:
277:
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North America, South America, Europe, Saudi Arabia, India, Nepal, South Africa, South Korea, & Guam
1535:
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8th Degree Black Belt (Jeong Seung) - "Continually moving forward toward the right ideal or vision"
1600:
412:
Red Belt (Choong Jung 2) - "The sun is setting. The first phase of growth has been accomplished."
371:
ATA Martial Arts uses a rank system divided into two series: the colored belt series, and the
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1449:"American Taekwondo Association | Martial Arts, Karate, Tae Kwon do, Tae-Kwon-Do"
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Green Belt (Songahm 5) - "The pine tree is beginning to develop and grow in strength."
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304:
263:
174:
338:
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1180:
637:
In the 2019 Tournament season they also released an Adidas black and white dobok.
1634:"American Taekwondo Association - Martial Arts, Karate, Tae Kwon Do, Tae-Kwon-Do"
1409:
1173:"American Taekwondo Association - Martial Arts, Karate, Tae Kwon Do, Tae-Kwon-Do"
1056:"American Taekwondo Association - Martial Arts, Karate, Tae Kwon Do, Tae-Kwon-Do"
1027:"American Taekwondo Association - Martial Arts, Karate, Tae Kwon Do, Tae-Kwon-Do"
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eliminating having to remain in a single color for several months at a time.
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Grand Master M.K. Lee (2019–present; promoted to Presiding Grandmaster 2022)
701:
292:
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Blue Belt (Inwha 2) - "The tree reaches for the sky towards new heights."
281:
908:
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Brown Belt (Choong Jung 1) - "The tree is firmly rooted in the earth."
394:
Yellow Belt (Songahm 3) - "The seed is beginning to see the sunlight."
602:
996:
431:
3rd Degree Black Belt (Chung San) - "Peace of mind and tranquility."
1597:"Presiding Grand Master Nomination Announcement - ATA Martial Arts"
624:
597:
312:
1559:
1111:. Vol. A: Philosophy and Traditions. ATA Publications, Inc.
239:
128:
1360:. Vol. 10, First Degree Black Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
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Grand Master Cesar Ozuna (2019–2020; no longer a member of ATA)
434:
4th Degree Black Belt (Sok Bong) - "Crest of granite mountain."
18:
596:
Students and instructors alike each wear a traditional white
720:
Grand Master G.K. Lee (2017–2019; no longer a member of ATA)
1664:
1573:
Hayes, David (September 2017). "Rising Star of the ATA".
854:"Local martial artists win taekwondo world championships"
879:"Petaluma Taekwondo studio named ATA School of the Year"
692:(1990–d. 2000); promoted to Eternal Grand Master in 2003
698:(2001–2011)(2021–r. 2022); called Grand Master Emeritus
1603:
from the original on 2021-12-22 – via YouTube.
1393:"CHUL JOON POOME-SAE SEVENTH DEGREE BLACK BELT FORM"
184:
1800 Riverfront Drive, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202,
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1288:. Vol. 6, Purple Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
1230:. Vol. 3, Yellow Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
1210:. Vol. 2, Orange Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
1167:
319:and open his first taekwondo school a year later.
1628:
1626:
1624:
1554:
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1324:. Vol. 8, Brown Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
1270:. Vol. 5, Green Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1140:. Vol. 1, White Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
621:Grand Master - 9th degree black belt - Black/Gold
1306:. Vol. 7, Blue Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
1250:. Vol. 4, Camo Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
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753:Grand Master Tammy Harvey-Stauber (2024–present)
524:6th Grade Camouflage Belt - Songahm 4 - 31 moves
440:6th Degree Black Belt (Jhang Soo) - "Long Life."
1342:. Vol. 9, Red Belt. ATA Publications, Inc.
923:
921:
919:
536:2nd Grade Brown Belt - Choong Jung 1 - 44 moves
463:or a black strip along the center of the belt.
573:9th Degree Black Belt - Dong Seung - 99 moves
570:8th Degree Black Belt - Jeong Seung - 98 moves
539:1st Grade Red Belt - Choong Jung 2 - 46 moves
564:6th Degree Black Belt - Jhang Soo - 96 moves
561:5th Degree Black Belt - Chung Hae - 95 moves
555:3rd Degree Black Belt - Chung San - 83 moves
8:
1532:"The Story of Eternal Grand Master H.U. Lee"
615:Senior Master - 7th degree black belt - Blue
567:7th Degree Black Belt - Chul Joon - 97 moves
558:4th Degree Black Belt - Sok Bong - 84 moves
552:2nd Degree Black Belt - Jung Yul - 82 moves
549:1st Degree Black Belt - Shim Jun - 81 moves
521:7th Grade Yellow Belt - Songahm 3 - 28 moves
518:8th Grade Orange Belt - Songahm 2 - 23 moves
515:9th Grade White Belt - Songahm 1 - 18 moves
121:
1351:
1349:
762:Grand Master William Wacholz (2024–present)
729:Grand Master Robert Allemier (2016–d. 2023)
530:4th Grade Purple Belt - In Wha 1 - 44 moves
527:5th Grade Green Belt - Songahm 5 - 34 moves
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765:Grand Master Tomas Sandoval (2024–present)
750:Grand Master Phillip Minton (2023–present)
738:Grand Master Michael Caruso (2019–present)
618:Chief Master - 8th degree black belt - Red
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1690:Sports organizations of the United States
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732:Grand Master William Clark (2016–present)
533:3rd Grade Blue Belt - In Wha 2 - 42 moves
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
794:Clark, and M.K. Lee (G.K.'s successor).
747:Grand Master Larry Hoover (2023–present)
735:Grand Master Robert Jager (2019–present)
726:Grand Master Richard Reed (2015–d. 2016)
680:Past and present Grand Masters include:
929:"The Full History of ATA International"
845:
759:Grand Master Tony Isaacs (2024–present)
744:Grand Master Al Dilegge (2023–present)
612:Master - 6th degree black belt - White
45:Please improve this article by adding
341:practiced at ATA affiliated schools.
7:
756:Grand Master Dan Thor (2024–present)
629:Original ATA Patch. Retired in 2015.
833:Chief Master Michelle Landgren-Lee
781:Chief Master Fernando Jaime (2023)
775:Chief Master Scott Stauffer (2023)
449:9th Degree Black Belt (Dong Seung)
337:Songahm Taekwondo is the style of
147:Martial Arts/ Fitness Organization
14:
784:Chief Master Mark Sustaire (2024)
654:World Traditional Taekwondo Union
284:since 1977, and presided over by
1595:ATA Martial Arts (8 June 2018).
1358:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1340:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1322:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1304:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1286:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1268:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1248:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1228:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1208:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1138:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
1109:The Way of Traditional Taekwondo
778:Chief Master Cheryl Brice (2023)
23:
1680:1969 establishments in Nebraska
812:Presiding Grand Master M.K. Lee
807:Current Masters Council Members
1695:Taekwondo in the United States
1615:"Richard Robert Reed Memorial"
1424:"ATA International Leadership"
1410:"Songahm Star & ATA Forms"
957:"ATA International Fast Facts"
252:American Taekwondo Association
122:American Taekwondo Association
16:American Taekwondo Association
1:
830:Chief Master Vincent Raimondi
47:secondary or tertiary sources
836:Chief Master Michael Wegmann
646:Songahm Taekwondo Federation
295:organizations in the world.
818:Grand Master Michael Caruso
1711:
710:Mal Kun Lee (2022–present)
276:has been headquartered in
258:), was founded in 1969 in
231:Martial Arts instructional
1575:Tae Kwon Do Life Magazine
824:Grand Master Larry Hoover
815:Grand Master Robert Jager
707:Gyung Kun Lee (2019–2021)
126:
827:Grand Master Tony Isaacs
250:, formerly known as the
1685:Taekwondo organizations
821:Grand Master Al Dilegge
797:
788:
684:Presiding Grand Masters
770:9th Degree Black Belts
641:International branches
630:
240:www.atamartialarts.com
34:relies excessively on
1474:"Meet the ATA Tigers"
668:Songahm Grand Masters
628:
324:Little Rock, Arkansas
187:Little Rock, Arkansas
1508:on February 28, 2014
362:Belt and Rank System
1560:"ATA International"
1379:www.myataschool.com
1356:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1338:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1320:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1302:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1284:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1266:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1246:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1226:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1206:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1136:Lee, H. U. (1993).
1107:Lee, H. U. (1993).
199:Number of locations
123:
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58:"ATA Martial Arts"
789:Founder's Council
578:One step sparring
333:Songahm Taekwondo
288:since July 2022.
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99:December 2009
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32:This article
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1646:. Retrieved
1642:the original
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181:Headquarters
136:Company type
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696:Soon Ho Lee
544:Black belts
417:Black Belts
383:Color Belts
348:Soon Ho Lee
278:Little Rock
268:South Korea
209:Area served
1674:Categories
1648:2018-06-24
1542:2018-06-24
1484:2016-04-20
1459:2016-04-20
1434:2018-06-24
1187:2018-06-24
1070:2018-06-24
1041:2018-06-24
1003:2018-06-24
993:"timeline"
967:2018-06-24
939:2018-06-24
889:2021-10-10
864:2021-10-10
841:References
663:Governance
585:distancing
488:ATA Tigers
471:Mastership
373:black belt
311:base near
219:Key people
203:over 2,000
69:newspapers
36:references
702:In Ho Lee
293:taekwondo
1601:Archived
1581:(5): 15.
592:Uniforms
303:Founder
286:M.K. Lee
282:Arkansas
228:Services
155:Licensor
144:Industry
909:YouTube
343:Songahm
299:History
236:Website
171:Founder
160:Founded
139:Private
83:scholar
1372:"Form"
603:dojang
163:1969,
85:
78:
71:
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56:
1396:(PDF)
1375:(PDF)
598:dobok
501:Forms
313:Seoul
152:Genre
90:JSTOR
76:books
1514:2014
62:news
352:ATA
266:of
262:by
256:ATA
38:to
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