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1063:) who were seeking an opportunity to weaken the abbot. Initially, he protested to the abbot and the representatives of the four sponsoring Confederate cantons (ZĂĽrich, Lucerne, Schwyz, and Glarus) against the construction of the new abbey in Rorschach. Then on July 28, 1489, he had armed troops from St. Gallen and Appenzell destroy the buildings already under construction. When the abbot complained to the Confederates about the damages and demanded full compensation, VarnbĂĽler responded with a counter suit and in cooperation with Schwendiner rejected the arbitration efforts of the non-partisan Confederates. He motivated the clerics from
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1047:, to which he planned to move. However, he encountered stiff resistance from the St. Gallen citizenry, other clerics, and the Appenzell nobility in the Rhine Valley who were concerned about their holdings. The town of St. Gallen wanted to restrict the increase of power in the abbey and simultaneously increase the power of the town. The
1081:
finish. However, when they learned that their compatriots had given up the fight, they lost confidence; the result was that they concluded a peace pact that greatly restricted the city's powers and burdened the city with serious penalties and reparations payments. VarnbĂĽler and
Schwendiner fled to the court of
1258:
and the 13th century. The Plan drawn was never actually built, and was so named because it was kept at the famous medieval monastery library, where it remains to this day. The plan was an ideal of what a well-designed and well-supplied monastery should have, as envisioned by one of the synods held at
452:
Several different dates are given for the foundation of the monastery, including 719, 720, 747 and the middle of the 8th century. A gentleman and judge of
Thurgau, Waltraf (possibly, Waltram or Gaudran), in order to use the alms and collections that were being given at St. Gall's tomb to found a more
1080:
However, in early 1490 the four cantons decided to carry out their duty to the abbey and to invade the St. Gallen canton with an armed force. The people of
Appenzell and the local clerics submitted to this force without noteworthy resistance, while the city of St. Gallen braced for a fight to the
1067:
to
Rorschach to discard their loyalty to the abbey and spoke against the abbey at the town meeting at Waldkirch, where the popular league was formed. He was confident that the four sponsoring cantons would not intervene with force, due to the prevailing tensions between the Confederation and the
1011:
in 1405 they became allies of the Swiss
Confederation in 1411. During the Appenzell Wars, the town of St. Gallen often sided with Appenzell against the abbey. So when Appenzell allied with the Swiss, the town of St. Gallen followed just a few months later. The abbot became an ally of
1206:
is recognized as one of the richest medieval libraries in the world. It is home to one of the most comprehensive collections of early medieval books in the German-speaking part of Europe. As of 2005, the library consists of over 160,000 books, of which 2100 are handwritten. Nearly half of the
1150:
Following the disturbances, the abbey was still the largest religious city-state in
Switzerland, with over 77,000 inhabitants. A final attempt to expand the abbey resulted in the demolition of most of the medieval monastery. The new structures, including the cathedral by architect Peter Thumb
612:
liturgical books for the abbey). During the 9th century a new, larger church was built and the library was expanded. Manuscripts on a wide variety of topics were purchased by the abbey and copies were made. Over 400 manuscripts from this time have survived and are still in the library today.
1325:
There were a total of 73 ruling abbots (including six anti-abbots) between 719 and 1805. A complete collection of abbots' biographies was published by
Henggeler (1929). A table of abbots' names complete with their coats of arms was printed by Beat Jakob Anton Hiltensperger in 1778.
2299:
Hempel, Eberhard. 1965. Baroque art and architecture in central Europe: Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland. Painting and sculpture: seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; architecture: sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. Baltimore: Penguin Books, p.
588:
confirmed in 833 the immunity of the abbey and allowed the monks the free choice of their abbot. In 854 finally, the Abbey of St Gall reached its full autonomy by King Louis the German releasing the abbey from the obligation to pay tithes to the Bishop of
Constance.
440:
Following Gallus' death, his disciples remained living together in his cell and followed the rule of St. Columban, which combined prayer, work of the hands, reading, and teaching. They aided and taught virtue to the many pilgrims who came to St. Gall's tomb.
2196:
3031:
632:
On 26 April 937 a fire broke out and destroyed much of the abbey and the adjoining settlement, though the library was undamaged. About 954 they started to protect the monastery and buildings by a surrounding wall. Around 971/974 abbot
493:
noblemen entered to become monks and arts, letters and sciences flourished. The register of monastic professions, at the end of abbot Otmar's rule makes mentions of 53 names. Two monks of the Abbey of St Gall,
2204:
484:
Otmar (or Othmar) is named as the founder and the first abbot of the Abbey of St. Gall. During his abbacy the St. Gall School was founded. Otmar extended St. Gall's original hermit cell and adopted the
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1155:
style and constructed between 1755 and 1768. The large and ornate new abbey did not remain a monastery for very long. In 1798 the Prince-Abbot's secular power was suppressed, and the abbey was
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1028:) in 1451, while Appenzell and St. Gallen became full members of the Swiss Confederation in 1454. Then, in 1457, the town of St. Gallen became officially free from the abbot.
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and lost all their property in St. Gallen and
Appenzell. However, the abbot's reliance on the Swiss to support him reduced his position almost to that of a "subject district".
2315:
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Vies des pères, des martyrs, et des autres principaux saints : tirées des actes originaux et des monumens les plus authentiques, avec des notes historiques et critiques
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in 1524, while the abbey remained
Catholic, which damaged relations between the town and abbey. Both the abbot and a representative of the town were admitted to the Swiss
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groups, which scattered many of the old books. In 1530, abbot Diethelm began a restoration that stopped the decline and led to an expansion of the schools and library.
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has launched a project for the digitisation of the priceless manuscript collection, which currently (December 2009) contains 355 documents that are available on the
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641:) finalized the walling and the adjoining settlements started to become the town of St Gall. In 1006, the abbey was the northernmost place where a sighting of
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the summer of 2009. A reviewer noted that the artist had "a special talent for depicting hair, ... with the saint's beard ending in curling droplets of ink."
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477:, who had visited this monastery on his way to Italy, Pepin gave the monastery privileges, letters of protection, and an assured income. Pepin placed the
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449:, Swabia. His successors were the deacon Stephen and the priest Magulfe, under whom the news of St. Gallen's miracles spread throughout most of Germany.
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The city of St. Gallen originated as an adjoining settlement of the abbey. The abbey was secularized around 1800, and in 1848 its former church became
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68:
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429:, established a hermitage on the site that would become the monastery. He lived in his cell until his death in 646, and was buried there in
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1998:
1072:. He was strengthened in his resolve by the fact that the people of St. Gallen elected him again to the highest magistrate in 1490.
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1138:. For security, the abbey was forced to request the protection of the townspeople of St. Gallen. Until 1457 the townspeople had been
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2454:- presents a digitised version of the St Gall Plan, and zoomable reproductions of Carolingian manuscripts from St Gall.
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style with carved polished wood, stucco and paint used to achieve its overall effect. It was designed by the architect
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548:. In 744, the Alemannic nobleman Beata sold several properties to the abbey in order to finance his journey to Rome.
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From this time until the 10th century, the abbey flourished. It was home to several famous scholars, including
486:
422:
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51:
469:. Charles agreed and sent Otmar the finances to build a monastery. After the death of Charles Martel, his son
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from the representatives of its counts, after the family died out in 1436. In 1487 he built a monastery at
4771:
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2341:, June 18, 2009 (6/19/09, p. C25 of the NY ed.). Retrieved 6/19/09. "Pen and Parchment: Drawing in the
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1522:
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958:). As the abbey became more involved in local politics, it entered a period of decline. The city of
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433:(Canton of Thurgau). Afterwards, the people venerated him as a saint and prayed at his tomb for his
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1863:
Walter William Horn's Papers Regarding The Plan of St. Gall : production materials, 1967–1979
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and is open to the public. In addition it holds exhibitions as well as concerts and other events.
1122:(1630–54) a printing press was started. In 1712 during the Toggenburg war, also called the second
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meaning "cell (i.e. estate) of the abbot") began seeking independence. In 1401, the first of the
989:
In the late 14th and early 15th centuries, the farmers of the abbot's personal estates (known as
975:
967:
963:
573:
561:
525:
510:. With the growth in the number of monks the abbey also grew economically stronger. Much land in
2749:
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2078:. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO. 1983. Archived from
2050:
1163:
in 1846, with the abbey church as its cathedral and a portion of the monastic buildings for the
593:
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4411:
4371:
4318:
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3000:
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2120:
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1604:
1254:, the only surviving major architectural drawing from the roughly 700-year period between the
1188:
951:
947:
833:
807:
528:(740–814) copying of manuscripts was undertaken and a famous library was gathered. Numerous
4630:
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4153:
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2734:
2713:
2708:
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1948:
1669:
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produced at and still held by the monastery, was included in a medieval-drawing show at the
1275:
1251:
836:
626:
585:
465:, gave him the property of the hermitage, and asked him to give the administration of it to
1114:
The interior of the cathedral is one of the most important baroque monuments in Switzerland
4717:
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4541:
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1820:
1783:
1455:
1264:
1180:
894:
888:
638:
569:
545:
470:
336:
1862:
1693:
1032:
2404:
1720:(1530–1564) Expanded the Abbey, known as the Third Founder due to his work on the Abbey.
4676:
4650:
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4347:
4308:
4288:
4268:
3998:
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3253:
3100:
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2647:
2631:
2611:
2586:
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2571:
1711:
1696:(1463–1491) Bought the county of Toggenburg. In 1487 he built a monastery at Rorschach.
1560:
1263:
for the reform of monasticism in the Frankish empire during the early years of emperor
1207:
handwritten books are from the Middle Ages and 400 are over 1000 years old. Lately the
1123:
1069:
1044:
1004:
996:
565:
462:
2842:
930:
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4482:
4381:
4248:
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3819:
3639:
3517:
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2982:
2754:
2672:
2667:
2601:
2334:
2125:
1729:
1681:
1298:
1283:
1160:
1159:. The monks were driven out and moved into other abbeys. The abbey became a separate
2375:
Professbuch der fĂĽrstl. Benediktinerabtei der Heiligen Gallus und Otmar zu St.Gallen
4707:
4514:
4477:
4436:
4401:
4376:
4361:
3859:
3695:
3470:
2642:
2637:
2561:
1777:
1331:
777:
601:
529:
466:
458:
378:
366:
17:
3151:
3032:
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
2474:
544:
sent distinguished cantors from Rome, who instructed the monks in the use of the
4702:
4697:
4492:
3894:
3864:
3809:
3771:
3715:
3563:
3320:
2729:
2626:
2342:
2150:"On the Curri cul um of the Arts of the Trivium at St. Gall from c. 850-c. 1000"
1478:
1223:
1194:
1142:
of the abbey, but they had grown in power until they were protecting the abbey.
1127:
737:
733:
609:
537:
382:
358:
113:
3341:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2243:
2237:
2231:
1991:
1985:
1979:
580:) of the abbey, that this conflict ceased. The abbey became an Imperial Abbey (
4293:
3963:
3659:
3625:
3620:
3587:
1914:
1850:
1845:
1747:
1741:
1723:
1445:
1271:
1119:
1093:
1008:
959:
426:
418:
370:
354:
103:
2173:
2149:
83:
70:
4504:
4366:
4184:
3919:
2165:
2036:
1884:
1484:
1301:
notation. The earliest extant manuscripts are from the 9th or 10th century.
1244:
1104:
1056:
991:
454:
381:
between 9th and 13th centuries, and was for many centuries one of the chief
3582:
1370:(816–837) Expanded the buildings, started collecting books for the library.
1229:
One of the more interesting documents in the Stiftsbibliothek is a copy of
1131:
1013:
507:
503:
446:
934:
The territories of the Abbey of St. Gall from the mid-15th century to 1798
4666:
4586:
4509:
4472:
3955:
3745:
3725:
3700:
3132:
3128:
3092:
3070:
2930:
2442:—project for the digitisation of the medieval manuscripts at Sankt Gallen
1797:
1536:
1514:
1490:
1361:
1230:
986:
were allowed to carry off some of the rare texts from the abbey library.
983:
541:
490:
350:
125:
2432:
1947:
962:
proper progressively freed itself from the rule of the abbot, acquiring
652:
on 9 December 1076 terminated the cultural silver age of the monastery.
481:
in the hands of St. Otmar (to be substituted for that of St. Columban).
445:
was the first successor of St. Gallen, but he soon left on a mission to
4580:
4558:
4529:
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3914:
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3449:
3140:
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3108:
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1714:(1529–1530) Elected to prevent the Reformation from entering the Abbey.
1472:
1373:
1250:
The library also preserves a unique 9th-century document, known as the
1152:
1139:
1017:
741:
642:
605:
556:
In the subsequent century, St. Gall came into conflict with the nearby
533:
511:
499:
236:
189:
2134:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 4.
1274:
lecturing an agitated crowd of Jews and gentiles, part of a copy of a
4303:
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3104:
3058:
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2889:
2445:
2354:
2119:
2079:
1431:
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1219:
1025:
1021:
515:
292:
253:
2396:
The Protestant theological and ecclesiastical encyclopedia, Volume 2
2026:
4575:
4499:
3136:
3112:
3066:
1800:(died 926). First woman formally canonized by the Catholic Church.
1355:
1290:
1193:
1174:
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971:
929:
520:
430:
346:
315:
213:
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1460:
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continued to support them. On the recommendation of his brother
202:
3373:
3155:
2846:
2487:
1870:
938:
In 1207, abbot Ulrich von Saxwas raised to the rank of Prince (
1992:
1064:
135:
1986:
1980:
1304:
In 1983, the Convent of St. Gall was inscribed on the UNESCO
2904:
2783:
2031:. Chez Broulhiet, éditeur, rue Saint-Rome. pp. 261–65.
2377:, Monasticon-Benedictinum Helvetiae 1, Einsiedeln (1929).
2406:
The new Schaff-Herzog encyclopedia of religious knowledge
1867:
Department of Special Collections and University Archives
489:
for his building projects. The abbey grew quickly; many
2458:
UNESCO World Heritage Listing for the Convent of St Gall
2199:[History chronology about the Abbey of St Gall]
2427:
2310:
St. Gall Library website (limited English information)
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
514:, ZĂĽrichgau and in the rest of Alemannia as far as the
389:
is one of the oldest monastic libraries in the world.
1293:, the basic element of Western and Eastern systems of
4783:
2203:(in German). Staatskanzlei St. Gallen. Archived from
4876:
Christian monasteries established in the 7th century
2788:
Ecclesiastical states of the Holy Roman Empire, 1648
1218:
The library interior is exquisitely realised in the
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1563:(1204–1220) Lord of Hohensax and first Prince-Abbot
966:, and by the late 15th century was recognized as a
830:
800:
787:
771:
761:
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729:
721:
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703:
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298:
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119:
109:
99:
32:
1708:(1504–1529) Abbot when the Reformation took place.
1007:broke out, and following the Appenzell victory at
839:; city and abbey became part of the newly founded
560:which had recently acquired jurisdiction over the
400:. Since 1983 the abbey precinct has been a UNESCO
1958:. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1130:. They took most of the books and manuscripts to
4881:Irish monastic foundations in continental Europe
637:(about whom almost nothing is known; nephew of
2197:"Zeittafel zur Geschichte der Abtei St.Gallen"
1911:"Codices Electronici Sangallenses-Description"
4896:States and territories disestablished in 1798
4836:Buildings and structures in St. Gallen (city)
3385:
3167:
2858:
2499:
2244:
1406:(890–919), Abbot of 11 other monasteries and
629:for safety. Not all the books were returned.
625:the abbey and the books had to be removed to
8:
2799:
2548:
2399:. Lindsay & Blakiston. pp. 351–353.
2238:
2232:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
1126:, the Abbey of St. Gall was pillaged by the
1103:In the 16th century the abbey was raided by
1012:several members of the Swiss Confederation (
2448:, Virtual Manuscript Library of Switzerland
1289:St. Gall is noted for its early use of the
4846:States and territories established in 1207
4332:
4211:
4207:
4133:
4087:
4052:
4032:
4023:
4019:
3950:
3946:
3767:
3616:
3558:
3554:
3392:
3378:
3370:
3174:
3160:
3152:
3022:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
2865:
2851:
2843:
2506:
2492:
2484:
659:
29:
4826:8th-century establishments in Switzerland
1905:
1903:
1901:
4891:Roman Catholic cathedrals in Switzerland
4831:Tourist attractions in St. Gallen (city)
3006:Castles, Wall and Ramparts of Bellinzona
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
498:and Theodor, founded the monasteries in
4866:Associates of the Old Swiss Confederacy
4790:
3930:List of Galician-Portuguese troubadours
1876:
1151:(1681–1766), were designed in the late
1076:An associate of the Swiss Confederation
1055:, established contact with farmers and
365:monastery existed from 719, founded by
4871:Monuments and memorials in Switzerland
4856:Benedictine monasteries in Switzerland
3027:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
2409:. Funk and Wagnalls Company. pp.
242:Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint Gallen
2476:Ekkehard: A Tale of the Tenth Century
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1619:(1288–1291), anti-abbot sponsored by
954:. The abbey became a Princely Abbey (
829:
799:
786:
770:
760:
750:
746:
572:(ruled 814–840) confirmed in 813 the
518:was donated to the abbey by means of
453:regular monastery, attracted a local
297:
287:
277:
268:
7:
2287:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
2251:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
2143:
2141:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
1999:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
1297:prior to the invention of five-line
425:and disciple and companion of Saint
4886:World Heritage Sites in Switzerland
3756:Other troubadours and trobairitz...
2874:World Heritage Sites in Switzerland
2116:Coolidge, William Augustus Brevoort
536:monks came to copy manuscripts. At
25:
2331:"Those Medieval Monks Could Draw"
1308:as "a perfect example of a great
353:religious complex in the city of
27:Church in St. Gallen, Switzerland
4841:1798 disestablishments in Europe
4793:
4766:
4757:
4756:
3352:
3340:
3232:
2515:
2433:Codices Electronici Sangallenses
2053:. Encyclopædia Britannica online
1952:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
1256:fall of the Western Roman Empire
1213:Codices Electronici Sangallenses
1059:residents (led by the fanatical
912:
887:
847:
817:
682:
50:
2345:" runs through August 23, 2009.
1811:List of Carolingian monasteries
1198:The diagram version of the Plan
763:• Became a Princely Abbey
608:and Hartker (who developed the
145:
4906:Churches completed in the 610s
3183:Catholic Church in Switzerland
2264:Religious/Secular Land Holders
1270:A late 9th-century drawing of
1:
3751:William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
3209:Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg
2428:Stiftsbibliothek Sankt Gallen
2393:Herzog, Johann Jakob (1860).
1871:Stanford University Libraries
1718:Diethelm Blarer von Wartensee
1240:Is acher in gaĂth in-nocht...
2983:Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona
2550:Reichsabteien, Reichsklöster
2545:Imperial abbeys and colleges
1772:Cölestin Gugger von Staudach
1688:Kaspar von Breitenlandenberg
664:Princely Abbey of Saint Gall
421:, according to tradition an
43:
3422:List of musical instruments
2941:Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch
2895:Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch
2471:von Scheffel, Joseph Viktor
1976:Saint Gall (Princely Abbey)
1885:"Federal Office of Culture"
1700:Gotthard Giel von Glattburg
1204:Abbey library of Saint Gall
1183:, the only surviving major
568:. It was not until Emperor
377:. It became an independent
321:Abbey Cathedral of St. Gall
38:The Cathedral of Saint Gall
4932:
4851:Churches completed in 1768
3307:Catholic lay organisations
1511:(1077–c. 1083), anti-abbot
1280:Metropolitan Museum of Art
982:. During the 14th century
668:FĂĽrstabtei St. Gallen
272:UNESCO World Heritage Site
264:UNESCO World Heritage Site
179:UNESCO World Heritage Site
4738:
4284:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
4279:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
4210:
4022:
3949:
3925:Galician-Portuguese lyric
3870:Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras
3785:Andrieu Contredit d'Arras
3557:
3407:
3335:Swiss Bishops' Conference
3329:
3230:
3040:
2901:
2820:
2781:
2364:accessed 30 December 2009
1949:"Abbey of St. Gall"
1664:Heinrich von Gundelfingen
1585:Berchtold von Falkenstein
1235:Institutiones grammaticae
866:
862:
753:• Monastery founded
747:
679:
674:
310:
262:
65:
61:
49:
42:
37:
4861:Carolingian architecture
4314:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
2890:Lavaux Vineyard Terraces
2403:Schaff, Phillip (1910).
1946:Alston, Cyprian (1909).
1816:Carolingian architecture
1237:which contains the poem
1146:End of the Prince-Abbots
136:Website of the Cathedral
56:View of the former abbey
3840:Gillebert de Berneville
3417:List of music theorists
2166:10.1163/156853463x00036
2131:Encyclopædia Britannica
1836:Carolingian Renaissance
1617:Konrad von Gundelfingen
1599:(1272–1274), anti-abbot
1597:Heinrich von Wartenberg
1531:(1121–1122), anti-abbot
1517:(1083–1086), anti-abbot
1267:(between 814 and 817).
789:• Pillaged by the
656:Under the Prince-Abbots
398:Diocese of Saint Gallen
226:68 m (223 ft)
4113:Gherardello da Firenze
3800:Le Chastelain de Couci
3593:Philippe le Chancelier
3359:Switzerland portal
3347:Catholicism portal
3089:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2910:
2800:
2789:
2549:
2373:Henggeler, P. Rudolf,
2318:July 27, 2007, at the
2148:De Rijk, L.M. (1963).
2025:Butler, Alban (1808).
1841:Saint-Gall Cantatorium
1646:Hermann von Bonstetten
1543:Ulrich von Tegerfelden
1199:
1191:
1115:
1100:of the Confederation.
1000:
935:
623:the Magyars threatened
558:Bishopric of Constance
461:. Waltraf went to see
385:abbeys in Europe. The
340:
323:
4422:Johannes de Garlandia
3736:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
2964:Convent of St. Johann
2908:
2796:Imperial charterhouse
2787:
1955:Catholic Encyclopedia
1676:Heinrich von Mansdorf
1652:Georg von Wildenstein
1634:Hiltbold von Werstein
1628:Heinrich von Ramstein
1579:Walter von Trauchburg
1454:(971–975), nephew of
1440:(953–954), anti-abbot
1197:
1185:architectural drawing
1178:
1113:
1088:The town adopted the
933:
791:Old Swiss Confederacy
775:Old Swiss Confederacy
712:Common languages
578:Reichsunmittelbarkeit
319:
44:Kathedrale St. Gallen
4911:7th-century churches
4743:Also music theorist*
4427:Johannes de Grocheio
4244:Conradus de Pistoria
4231:Philippus de Caserta
4180:Philippus de Caserta
4149:Antonello da Caserta
4098:Andreas de Florentia
3989:Guillaume de Machaut
3650:Bernart de Ventadorn
3635:Aimeric de Peguilhan
3578:Albertus Parisiensis
3528:Adam of Saint Victor
3488:Saint Martial school
3445:Notker the Stammerer
2826:Prince of the Empire
2725:St. George's in Isny
2379:History of the Abbey
1857:Notes and references
1611:Wilhelm von Montfort
1591:Ulrich von GĂĽttingen
1567:Rudolf von GĂĽttingen
1555:Heinrich von Klingen
1523:Manegold von Mammern
1503:Ulrich of Eppenstein
1037:County of Toggenburg
970:. By about 1353 the
841:canton of St. Gallen
621:Between 924 and 933
598:Notker the Stammerer
479:rule of St. Benedict
437:in times of danger.
394:St. Gallen Cathedral
387:library of the Abbey
176:Heritage designation
84:47.42306°N 9.37722°E
33:Cathedral of St Gall
4821:Abbey of Saint Gall
4354:Contenance angloise
4144:Bartolino da Padova
4043:Marchetto da Padova
3974:Magister Franciscus
3850:Guillaume le Vinier
3845:Gontier de Soignies
3790:Audefroi le Bastart
3676:Folquet de Marselha
3533:Wulfstan the Cantor
3523:Hildegard of Bingen
3493:Adémar de Chabannes
3478:Fulbert of Chartres
3440:Abbey of Saint Gall
3432:Early (before 1150)
3292:St. Maurice's Abbey
2959:Convent of St. Gall
2909:Flag of Switzerland
2076:World Heritage List
1826:Carolingian dynasty
1766:Joseph von Rudolphi
1754:Celestino Sfondrati
1640:Rudolf von Montfort
1621:Rudolf I of Germany
1573:Konrad von Bussnang
1549:Ulrich von Veringen
1408:Bishop of Constance
1316:People of the abbey
1306:World Heritage List
1061:Hermann Schwendiner
1049:mayor of St. Gallen
1031:In 1468 the abbot,
648:The death of abbot
402:World Heritage Site
328:Abbey of Saint Gall
80: /
18:Abbey of St. Gallen
4901:612 establishments
4682:Neo-Medieval music
4672:Medieval folk rock
4452:Berno of Reichenau
4432:Iacobus de Ispania
4274:Petrus de Goscalch
4175:Niccolò da Perugia
4170:Grazioso da Padova
4118:Lorenzo da Firenze
4078:Vincenzo da Rimini
4063:Giovanni da Cascia
3895:Other trouvères...
3880:Perrin d'Angicourt
3830:Gautier de Dargies
3805:Chrétien de Troyes
3741:Raimon de Miravalh
3731:Raimbaut d'Aurenga
3315:Jungwacht Blauring
3284:Territorial abbeys
3044:Shared with other
2911:
2882:Lake Geneva region
2790:
2438:2016-11-09 at the
2384:2012-06-04 at the
2360:2017-05-09 at the
2339:The New York Times
2072:"Abbey of St Gall"
1865:are housed in the
1831:Carolingian Empire
1760:Leodegar BĂĽrgisser
1706:Franz von Gaisberg
1529:Heinrich von Twiel
1200:
1192:
1171:Cultural treasures
1116:
1098:closest associates
968:Free imperial city
964:Imperial immediacy
936:
643:the 1006 supernova
574:imperial immediacy
562:Abbey of Reichenau
526:Waldo of Reichenau
396:, the seat of the
369:on the spot where
324:
4781:
4780:
4749:Renaissance music
4457:Aurelian of RĂ©Ă´me
4442:Johannes de Muris
4412:Franco of Cologne
4390:
4389:
4372:Arnold de Lantins
4331:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4254:Johannes Cuvelier
4206:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4165:Giovanni Mazzuoli
4160:Matteo da Perugia
4132:
4131:
4108:Francesco Landini
4086:
4085:
4068:Jacopo da Bologna
4051:
4050:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4005:Philippe de Vitry
3984:Jehan de Lescurel
3905:
3904:
3890:Raoul de Soissons
3835:Gautier d'Espinal
3825:Gautier de Coincy
3766:
3765:
3686:Giraut de Bornelh
3665:CerverĂ de Girona
3645:Arnaut de Mareuil
3615:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3573:Notre-Dame school
3483:Heriger of Lobbes
3412:List of composers
3367:
3366:
3149:
3148:
3050:Shared with Italy
3001:Monte San Giorgio
2927:La Chaux-de-Fonds
2919:Espace Mittelland
2840:
2839:
2523:Holy Roman Empire
1658:Kuno von Stoffeln
1605:Rumo von Ramstein
1189:Early Middle Ages
1124:war of Villmergen
952:Philip of Germany
948:Holy Roman Empire
928:
927:
924:
923:
920:
919:
900:
899:
834:Helvetic Republic
808:Helvetic Republic
487:Carolingian style
345:) is a dissolved
314:
313:
168:Functional status
89:47.42306; 9.37722
16:(Redirected from
4923:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4789:
4770:
4760:
4759:
4566:Liturgical drama
4333:
4240:
4237:Johannes Ciconia
4212:
4208:
4190:Zacara da Teramo
4154:Johannes Ciconia
4134:
4124:Paolo da Firenze
4103:Donato da Cascia
4088:
4053:
4033:
4024:
4020:
4008:
3951:
3947:
3942:Late (1300–1400)
3885:Philippe de RĂ©mi
3815:Conon de BĂ©thune
3795:Blondel de Nesle
3780:Adam de la Halle
3768:
3706:Peire d'Alvernha
3617:
3604:
3559:
3555:
3550:High (1150–1300)
3539:Wipo of Burgundy
3504:
3474:
3466:
3457:Stephen of Liège
3394:
3387:
3380:
3371:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3345:
3344:
3297:Einsiedeln Abbey
3236:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3153:
2969:Rhaetian Railway
2936:Old City of Bern
2912:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2844:
2803:
2554:
2552:und Reichsstifte
2539:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2508:
2501:
2494:
2485:
2480:
2416:
2414:
2400:
2390:
2371:
2365:
2352:
2346:
2328:
2322:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2261:
2255:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2209:
2202:
2193:
2178:
2177:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2123:
2112:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2022:
2003:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1973:
1960:
1959:
1951:
1943:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1913:. Archived from
1907:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1881:
1670:Konrad von Pegau
1295:musical notation
1276:Pauline epistles
1252:Plan of St. Gall
1209:Stiftsbibliothek
1053:Ulrich VarnbĂĽler
916:
915:
908:Canton of Säntis
904:
903:
891:
884:
883:
868:
867:
851:
821:
811:canton of Säntis
686:
660:
586:Louis the German
540:'s request Pope
496:Magnus of FĂĽssen
373:had erected his
349:(747–1805) in a
342:Abtei St. Gallen
335:
284:Cultural: ii, iv
95:
94:
92:
91:
90:
85:
81:
78:
77:
76:
73:
54:
30:
21:
4931:
4930:
4926:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4816:Imperial abbeys
4806:
4805:
4804:
4794:
4792:
4784:
4782:
4777:
4776:
4753:
4734:
4686:
4655:
4592:
4542:Gregorian chant
4461:
4447:Walter Odington
4407:Guido of Arezzo
4386:
4343:Johannes Alanus
4323:
4299:Jacob Senleches
4235:
4194:
4128:
4082:
4047:
4010:
4003:
3936:
3901:
3762:
3691:Guiraut Riquier
3670:Comtessa de Dia
3655:Bertran de Born
3623:
3607:
3601:Petrus de Cruce
3599:
3544:
3508:Notker Physicus
3499:
3469:
3461:
3426:
3403:
3398:
3368:
3363:
3353:
3351:
3339:
3325:
3301:
3278:
3237:
3228:
3185:
3180:
3150:
3145:
3117:North Macedonia
3036:
3010:
2987:
2945:
2913:
2903:
2899:
2876:
2871:
2841:
2836:
2832:Rhenish College
2816:
2797:
2791:
2779:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2533:
2531:Swabian College
2527:Imperial abbeys
2516:
2514:
2512:
2479:. Google eBook.
2469:
2466:
2464:Further reading
2440:Wayback Machine
2424:
2419:
2402:
2392:
2388:
2386:Wayback Machine
2372:
2368:
2362:Wayback Machine
2353:
2349:
2329:
2325:
2320:Wayback Machine
2311:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2294:
2262:
2258:
2226:
2222:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2195:
2194:
2181:
2147:
2146:
2139:
2121:"St Gall"
2114:
2113:
2094:
2085:
2083:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2024:
2023:
2006:
1974:
1963:
1945:
1944:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1859:
1821:Carolingian art
1807:
1794:
1789:
1784:Pankraz Vorster
1736:Bernhard MĂĽller
1456:Notker Physicus
1323:
1318:
1265:Louis the Pious
1181:Plan of St Gall
1173:
1148:
1096:or Diet as the
1083:King Maximilian
1078:
913:
895:Duchy of Swabia
857:
856:
855:
843:
825:
813:
793:
783:August 17, 1451
780:
764:
754:
691:
690:
687:
670:
665:
658:
639:Notker Physicus
619:
594:Notker of Liège
570:Louis the Pious
554:
546:Gregorian chant
415:
410:
363:Carolingian-era
331:
274:
265:
88:
86:
82:
79:
74:
71:
69:
67:
66:
57:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4929:
4927:
4919:
4918:
4916:Charles Martel
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4802:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4764:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4700:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4677:Medieval metal
4674:
4669:
4663:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4611:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4562:
4561:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4547:Pope Gregory I
4539:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4469:
4467:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4417:Johannes Cotto
4414:
4409:
4404:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4348:John Dunstaple
4345:
4339:
4337:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4309:Johannes Susay
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4289:Gacian Reyneau
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4269:Martinus Fabri
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4233:
4228:
4222:
4220:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4146:
4140:
4138:
4137:3rd generation
4130:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4094:
4092:
4091:2nd generation
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4057:
4056:1st generation
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4030:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4001:
3999:Jehan Vaillant
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3969:Denis Le Grant
3966:
3961:
3959:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3875:Moniot d'Arras
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3855:Guiot de Dijon
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3776:
3774:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3748:
3743:
3738:
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3711:Peire Cardenal
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3681:Gaucelm Faidit
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3401:Medieval music
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3101:Czech Republic
3073:
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2801:Reichskartause
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2582:Frauenchiemsee
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2422:External links
2420:
2418:
2417:
2366:
2355:UNESCO website
2347:
2323:
2302:
2292:
2284:in the online
2256:
2248:in the online
2220:
2179:
2137:
2126:Chisholm, Hugh
2092:
2063:
2051:"Sankt Gallen"
2042:
2004:
1996:in the online
1961:
1927:
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1712:Kilian Germann
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1561:Ulrich von Sax
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1321:List of abbots
1319:
1317:
1314:
1172:
1169:
1147:
1144:
1077:
1074:
1070:Swabian League
1045:Lake Constance
1005:Appenzell Wars
980:King Sigismund
926:
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921:
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773:• Became
772:
769:
768:
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749:
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745:
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731:
730:Historical era
727:
726:
723:
719:
718:
716:High Alemannic
713:
709:
708:
705:
701:
700:
699:Imperial Abbey
697:
693:
692:
688:
681:
680:
677:
676:
672:
671:
666:
663:
657:
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645:was recorded.
618:
615:
566:Lake Constance
553:
550:
524:. Under abbot
463:Charles Martel
414:
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312:
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2:
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4604:British Isles
4602:
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4466:Musical forms
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4382:W. de Wycombe
4380:
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4249:Baude Cordier
4247:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4219:
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4217:Ars subtilior
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4079:
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4073:Maestro Piero
4071:
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4006:
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4000:
3997:
3995:
3994:P. des Molins
3992:
3990:
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3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:Arnaut Daniel
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3534:
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3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3518:Peter Abelard
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3501:Odo of Arezzo
3498:
3494:
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2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2714:RottenmĂĽnster
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
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2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2617:Helmarshausen
2615:
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2608:
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2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
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2363:
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2344:
2340:
2336:
2335:Roberta Smith
2332:
2327:
2324:
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2314:
2306:
2303:
2296:
2293:
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2271:
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2257:
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2252:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2224:
2221:
2210:on 2015-09-24
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2127:
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2103:
2101:
2099:
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2093:
2082:on 2017-05-09
2081:
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2046:
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2029:
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2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
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1932:
1928:
1917:on 2017-07-02
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1730:Joachim Opser
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258:Markus BĂĽchel
257:
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53:
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41:
36:
31:
19:
4747:
4713:Architecture
4585:
4537:Geisslerlied
4515:Formes fixes
4437:Notker Labeo
4402:Anonymous IV
4377:Leonel Power
4362:Thomas Fabri
4352:
4215:
4036:Predecessors
3954:
3860:Jehan Bretel
3696:Jaufre Rudel
3562:
3471:Odo of Cluny
3439:
3269:Saint Gallen
3268:
3219:Saint Gallen
3075:Shared with
3053:Shared with
2958:
2775:Wettenhausen
2740:Schussenried
2718:
2694:Petershausen
2684:Ochsenhausen
2475:
2452:St Gall Plan
2405:
2395:
2374:
2369:
2350:
2338:
2326:
2305:
2295:
2285:
2263:
2259:
2249:
2227:
2223:
2212:. Retrieved
2205:the original
2160:(1): 35–86.
2157:
2153:
2129:
2084:. Retrieved
2080:the original
2075:
2066:
2055:. Retrieved
2045:
2027:
1997:
1975:
1953:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1888:. Retrieved
1879:
1778:Beda Angehrn
1694:Ulrich Rösch
1613:(1281–1301)
1593:(1272–1277)
1525:(1121–1133)
1505:(1077–1121)
1420:Engilbert II
1376:(837–840/41)
1340:(759/60–782)
1324:
1312:monastery".
1303:
1288:
1269:
1249:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1149:
1118:Under abbot
1117:
1102:
1087:
1079:
1033:Ulrich Rösch
1030:
990:
988:
955:
943:
942:, or simply
939:
937:
877:Succeeded by
876:
871:
778:protectorate
725:Principality
689:Coat of arms
667:
647:
631:
620:
602:Notker Labeo
591:
581:
577:
555:
519:
483:
451:
439:
435:intercession
416:
391:
379:principality
367:Saint Othmar
341:
327:
325:
223:Spire height
163:Architecture
121:Denomination
4800:Switzerland
4703:Middle Ages
4698:Early music
4660:Derivations
4493:Chansonnier
3865:Jehan Erart
3810:Colin Muset
3716:Peire Vidal
3564:Ars antiqua
3321:Swiss Guard
2592:FĂĽrstenfeld
2587:FraumĂĽnster
2534: [
2391:. See also
2389:(in German)
2343:Middle Ages
2312:(in German)
1786:(1796–1805)
1780:(1767–1796)
1774:(1740–1767)
1768:(1717–1740)
1762:(1696–1717)
1756:(1687–1696)
1750:(1654–1687)
1744:(1630–1654)
1738:(1594–1630)
1732:(1577–1594)
1726:(1564–1577)
1702:(1491–1504)
1690:(1442–1463)
1684:(1426–1442)
1678:(1419–1426)
1672:(1418–1419)
1666:(1411–1418)
1660:(1379–1411)
1654:(1360–1379)
1648:(1333–1360)
1642:(1330–1333)
1636:(1318–1329)
1630:(1301–1318)
1607:(1277–1281)
1587:(1244–1272)
1581:(1239–1244)
1575:(1226–1239)
1569:(1220–1226)
1557:(1200–1204)
1551:(1199–1200)
1545:(1167–1199)
1539:(1133–1167)
1499:(1072–1076)
1493:(1034–1072)
1487:(1022–1034)
1481:(1001–1022)
1479:Purchart II
1380:Engilbert I
1310:Carolingian
1243:written in
1224:Peter Thumb
1157:secularized
1090:Reformation
956:Reichsabtei
940:ReichsfĂĽrst
872:Preceded by
804:Secularised
738:Renaissance
734:Middle Ages
582:Reichsabtei
538:Charlemagne
530:Anglo-Saxon
417:Around 612
383:Benedictine
359:Switzerland
299:Inscription
158:8th century
114:Switzerland
87: /
4810:Categories
4728:Philosophy
4723:Literature
4691:Background
4597:Traditions
3964:F. Andrieu
3820:Gace Brulé
3660:Castelloza
3626:Trobairitz
3621:Troubadour
3513:St. Godric
3333:See also:
3319:See also:
3242:Cathedrals
3015:Nationwide
2979:Landscapes
2830:†Also in
2765:Weingarten
2760:Waldsassen
2719:St. Gall's
2709:Roggenburg
2689:Ottobeuren
2653:Marmoutier
2597:Gengenbach
2333:Review by
2228:St. Gallen
2214:2015-01-25
2086:2015-01-26
2057:2015-01-25
1921:2008-04-23
1851:Ekkehard I
1846:Waltharius
1748:Gallus Alt
1742:Pius Reher
1724:Otmar Kunz
1475:(990–1001)
1446:Purchart I
1434:(942–958)
1120:Pius Reher
1094:Tagsatzung
960:St. Gallen
722:Government
707:St. Gallen
617:Silver Age
610:antiphonal
552:Golden Age
521:Stiftungen
443:St. Magnus
427:Columbanus
423:Irish monk
413:Foundation
371:Saint Gall
355:St. Gallen
302:1983 (7th
212:Number of
201:Number of
104:St. Gallen
72:47°25′23″N
4641:Lithuania
4505:Conductus
4395:Theorists
4367:Roy Henry
4294:Rodericus
4185:Sant Omer
3920:Minnesang
3249:Solothurn
2824:* Also a
2770:Weissenau
2750:Söflingen
2745:Schuttern
2704:Reichenau
2699:PrĂĽfening
2679:Neresheim
2658:Maulbronn
2622:Herrenalb
2607:Gutenzell
2577:Elchingen
2446:E-codices
2174:0042-7543
1497:Ulrich II
1485:Thietpald
1469:(984–990)
1463:(976–984)
1448:(958–971)
1428:(933–942)
1422:(925–933)
1416:(922–925)
1400:(883–890)
1394:(872–883)
1388:(841–872)
1382:(840/841)
1364:(812–816)
1358:(784–812)
1352:(782–784)
1334:(719–759)
1245:Old Irish
1215:webpage.
1187:from the
1105:Calvinist
1057:Appenzell
1041:Rorschach
992:Appenzell
984:Humanists
946:) of the
837:collapsed
675:1207–1798
650:Ulrich II
627:Reichenau
491:Alemannic
455:Alemannic
375:hermitage
333:‹See Tfd›
289:Reference
254:Bishop(s)
171:Cathedral
75:9°22′38″E
4762:Category
4667:Bardcore
4646:Portugal
4614:Scotland
4587:Planctus
4571:Madrigal
4510:Estampie
4473:Antiphon
4028:Trecento
3956:Ars nova
3915:Goliards
3772:Trouvère
3746:Sordello
3726:Perdigon
3701:Marcabru
3259:Fribourg
3191:Dioceses
3133:Slovenia
3129:Slovakia
3093:Bulgaria
3071:Slovenia
3046:region/s
2931:Le Locle
2663:Mönchrot
2648:Marchtal
2632:Kaisheim
2612:Heggbach
2572:Disentis
2473:(1895).
2436:Archived
2382:Archived
2358:Archived
2316:Archived
2154:Vivarium
2118:(1911).
2037:71811056
1890:June 15,
1805:See also
1798:Wiborada
1537:Werinher
1515:Werinhar
1491:Nortpert
1467:Ulrich I
1414:Hartmann
1398:Bernhard
1362:Wolfleoz
1284:New York
1231:Priscian
950:by King
584:). King
542:Adrian I
475:Carloman
351:Catholic
280:Criteria
126:Catholic
100:Location
4631:Germany
4609:England
4581:Organum
4559:Tydorel
4530:Virelai
4525:Rondeau
4520:Ballade
4488:Chanson
4264:Egidius
4259:Egardus
3979:Grimace
3910:Casella
3588:PĂ©rotin
3463:Hucbald
3450:Tuotilo
3141:Ukraine
3125:Romania
3109:Germany
3097:Croatia
3085:Belgium
3081:Austria
3077:Albania
3063:Germany
3055:Austria
2977:Bernina
2971:in the
2951:Eastern
2811:Buxheim
2755:Ursberg
2735:Schänis
2673:Murbach
2668:Mondsee
2567:Comburg
2529:of the
2281:Italian
2245:Italian
2128:(ed.).
1993:Italian
1473:Kerhart
1404:Solomon
1392:Hartmut
1386:Grimald
1374:Bernwig
1368:Gozbert
1344:Ratpert
1153:Baroque
1018:Lucerne
995:, from
832:•
802:•
742:Baroque
704:Capital
606:Tuotilo
512:Thurgau
506:in the
500:Kempten
457:pastor
408:History
304:Session
237:Diocese
190:Baroque
155:Founded
142:History
132:Website
110:Country
4786:Portal
4772:Portal
4718:Poetry
4626:France
4621:Cyprus
4336:Others
4319:Trebor
4304:Solage
4226:Borlet
3721:Peirol
3624:&
3583:LĂ©onin
3264:Lugano
3214:Lugano
3121:Poland
3105:France
3059:France
2993:Ticino
2973:Albula
2643:Lorsch
2638:Lindau
2562:Baindt
2520:
2413:, 283.
2275:French
2269:German
2239:French
2233:German
2172:
2035:
1987:French
1981:German
1509:Lutold
1452:Notker
1432:Craloh
1426:Thieto
1332:Othmar
1261:Aachen
1220:Rococo
1165:bishop
1132:ZĂĽrich
1026:Glarus
1022:Schwyz
1014:ZĂĽrich
976:German
972:guilds
696:Status
635:Notker
516:Neckar
508:Allgäu
504:FĂĽssen
447:Allgäu
419:Gallus
361:. The
337:German
248:Clergy
214:spires
150:Active
147:Status
4651:Spain
4636:Italy
4576:Motet
4500:Chant
4483:Carol
4478:Canso
3199:Basel
3137:Spain
3113:Italy
3067:Italy
2730:Salem
2627:Irsee
2538:]
2208:(PDF)
2201:(PDF)
2124:. In
1356:Werdo
1350:Waldo
1346:(782)
1299:staff
1291:neume
1140:serfs
1128:Swiss
1009:Stoss
997:Latin
978:king
944:FĂĽrst
534:Irish
471:Pepin
467:Otmar
459:Otmar
431:Arbon
347:abbey
203:domes
185:Style
3274:Sion
3254:Chur
3224:Sion
3204:Chur
3139:and
3069:and
2602:Göss
2300:163.
2278:and
2266:in
2242:and
2230:in
2170:ISSN
2033:OCLC
1990:and
1978:in
1892:2022
1792:Nuns
1461:Ymmo
1438:Anno
1338:John
1272:Paul
1202:The
1179:The
1136:Bern
1134:and
1024:and
858:1803
826:1798
796:1712
767:1207
532:and
502:and
326:The
4708:Art
4554:Lai
2411:196
2162:doi
1869:at
1282:in
1233:'s
1161:See
1065:Wil
1043:on
806:to
757:719
564:on
357:in
293:268
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