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from glycolysis and uses it to produce acetic acid. Three molecules of acetic acid can be produced in this way, while the production of three molecules of
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However, the energy released by mole of acetic acid produced by each reaction is about the same: −95 kJ/mol for the reduction of CO
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382:. It is not only an environmental concern but also not economically profitable in the frame of the
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Ragsdale SW (August 2006). "Metals and their scaffolds to promote difficult enzymatic reactions".
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In 1932, organisms were discovered that could convert hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide into
445:. Methods in Methane Metabolism, Part A. Vol. 494. Academic Press. pp. 327–351.
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401:, increasing the production yield of this latter by 50%. Acetogenesis does not replace
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374:. This release is no longer compatible with the need to minimize the world
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Angelidaki I, Karakashev D, Batstone DJ, Plugge CM, Stams AJ (2011).
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more for the conversion of glucose into acetic acid (−104 kJ/mol).
148:, was discovered in 1936 by Klaas Tammo Wieringa. A second species,
602:"Energetics and Application of Heterotrophy in Acetogenic Bacteria"
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emission and convert one glucose molecule into three molecules of
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of acetogens has significant applications in biotechnology. In
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Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics
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reactions end up in the conversion of organic carbon into
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species capable of acetogenesis are collectively termed
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with a different pathway, but rather captures the CO
185:
are several reactions that include the reduction of
514:"Acetogenesis and the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of CO
484:Dictionary of microbiology and molecular biology
217:. The coupling of the methyl group (provided by
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122:gas. Reduction of organic acids to acetate by
386:competition with fossil fuels. Acetogens can
289:into 3 moles of acetic acid corresponds to a
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142:. The first acetogenic bacterium species,
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486:(3rd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley.
441:. In Rosenzweig AC, Ragsdale SW (eds.).
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512:Ragsdale SW, Pierce E (December 2008).
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606:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
439:"16. Biomethanation and Its Potential"
16:Biosynthesis of acetate by prokaryotes
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600:Schuchmann K, Müller V (July 2016).
482:Singleton P (2006). "Acetogenesis".
181:. The key aspects of the acetogenic
197:(CO) and the attachment of CO to a
451:10.1016/B978-0-12-385112-3.00016-0
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1:
215:carbon monoxide dehydrogenase
534:10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.08.012
413:would require an additional
281:while the conversion of one
106:, etc.). Some acetogens can
22:is a process through which
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221:) and CO is catalyzed by
205:). The first process is
44:or by the reduction of
151:Moorella thermoacetica
85:Wood–Ljungdahl pathway
668:Biochemical reactions
443:Methods in Enzymology
48:, rather than by the
626:10.1128/AEM.00882-16
145:Clostridium aceticum
62:acetic acid bacteria
663:Anaerobic digestion
618:2016ApEnM..82.4056S
362:fermentations, the
295:exothermic reaction
223:acetyl-CoA synthase
50:oxidative breakdown
247:is the following:
124:anaerobic bacteria
81:anaerobic bacteria
579:10.1021/cr0503153
493:978-0-470-03545-0
460:978-0-123-85112-3
327:° = −310.9 kJ/mol
170:The precursor to
75:. Reduction of CO
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673:Hydrogen biology
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612:(14): 4056–69.
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112:autotrophically
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89:electron source
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26:is produced by
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573:(8): 3317–37.
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415:reducing agent
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372:greenhouse gas
368:carbon dioxide
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277:° = −95 kJ/mol
233:
232:reaction of CO
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187:carbon dioxide
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116:carbon dioxide
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79:to acetate by
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67:The different
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33:either by the
31:microorganisms
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360:carbohydrate
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350:Applications
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199:methyl group
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166:Biochemistry
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128:fermentation
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20:Acetogenesis
19:
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399:acetic acid
370:, the main
354:The unique
238:acetic acid
228:The global
172:acetic acid
158:into three
140:acetic acid
126:occurs via
657:Categories
425:References
403:glycolysis
393:without CO
356:metabolism
344:~ 9 %
264:COOH + 2 H
179:acetyl CoA
108:synthesize
60:, as with
28:prokaryote
518:fixation"
380:emissions
291:~ 3 times
230:reduction
207:catalyzed
176:thioester
134:Discovery
73:acetogens
69:bacterial
35:reduction
644:27208103
587:16895330
552:18801467
469:21402222
419:hydrogen
417:such as
120:hydrogen
110:acetate
635:4959221
614:Bibcode
543:2646786
411:ethanol
391:glucose
388:ferment
384:biofuel
287:glucose
213:called
211:enzymes
183:pathway
174:is the
156:glucose
104:formate
91:(e.g.,
58:ethanol
24:acetate
642:
632:
585:
550:
540:
490:
467:
457:
342:, and
314:→ 3 CH
421:gas.
293:more
260:→ CH
256:+ 4 H
236:into
193:) to
160:moles
114:from
640:PMID
583:PMID
548:PMID
526:1784
488:ISBN
465:PMID
455:ISBN
318:COOH
283:mole
252:2 CO
201:(–CH
118:and
630:PMC
622:doi
575:doi
571:106
538:PMC
530:doi
447:doi
335:by
285:of
240:by
209:by
189:(CO
56:or
52:of
37:of
659::
638:.
628:.
620:.
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608:.
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581:.
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546:.
536:.
524:.
520:.
502:^
463:.
453:.
376:CO
308:12
297::
225:.
130:.
102:,
100:CO
98:,
64:.
39:CO
646:.
624::
616::
589:.
577::
554:.
532::
516:2
496:.
471:.
449::
407:2
395:2
378:2
339:2
337:H
333:2
325:G
323:Δ
316:3
312:6
310:O
306:H
304:6
302:C
275:G
273:Δ
268:O
266:2
262:3
258:2
254:2
244:2
242:H
234:2
203:3
191:2
95:2
93:H
77:2
41:2
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