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mosaic. The figure towards the bow of the ship is beating the time for the rowers with a mallet; from photo by Paul
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Pryor, John H., "From Dromon to Galea: Mediterranean Bireme
Galleys AD 500–1300" in Morrison & Gardiner (1995), p. 107
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The history of sailing ships the story of their development from the earliest times until the 19th century
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was equipped with sails as well as oars. It was more expensive to operate than merchant
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Pragmata: Contributions to the
Economic History of Antiquity in Memory of Harald Winkel
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Casson, Lionel, "Merchant
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The Age of the Galley: Mediterranean Oared
Vessels Since Pre-Classical Times
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was possibly used by Arab fleets as late as the 8th century.
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used primarily for trade and transport throughout the
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