231:
396:, and a round enclosure, possibly offering the frame for ritual performances which could be observed from a platform up on the plateau opposite the facade. The Deir can be interpreted as a private palatial complex with mixed residential, funerary and religious function, similar to the Tomb of the Roman Soldier complex. It could also have been, maybe together with the structures on the hill opposite the Deir, the site of large public religious events.
38:
239:
350:
Mesopotamian style is evident in the single, large entrance and the plain, window-like depressions of the facade. The door to the main chamber of the monastery is 8 metres high and provides the sole portal for the entry of light into the structure. The presence of square-topped tower structures on
336:. These columns are thought to have been included for aesthetic purposes, as the entire structure is carved directly into the sandstone cliff and does not require the support that columns would traditionally provide in freestanding Hellenistic structures. The façade as a whole boasts a
364:
The role of the Deir, which has been probably built in the mid-1st century CE, cannot be assessed with certainty, with hopes that further excavations could offer an answer. The suggestion that it served as a
Nabataean royal tomb, based on external similarities with the
373:
is contradicted by the layout of the inner chamber and the apparently related structures in front of the Deir. The interior design does not contain any obvious burial, like in many tombs of Petra. However, the rock-cut chamber has a large central recess, a
276:
Scholars believe that the flat area in front of the
Monastery was levelled through human action in order to make the area suitable for social gatherings or religious occasions. Near the entrance of the structure are the remains of a wall and a colonnade.
750:
243:
247:
245:
241:
240:
246:
214:
Arguably one of the most iconic monuments in the Petra
Archaeological Park, the Monastery is located high in the hills northwest of the Petra city center. It is the second most commonly visited monument in Petra, after the
407:
is interpreted as a private religious group with a limited number of members. The inscription is located too far from the Deir, but may possibly indicate that the entire Deir complex was dedicated to the
Nabataean king,
222:
The huge façade, the inner chamber and the other structures next to it or in the wider area around the Deir probably originally served a complex religious purpose, and was possibly repurposed as a church in the
244:
304:
The interior layout of the
Monastery consists of a single square chamber with a broad niche in the back wall. Each end of this niche contains four steps, and the niche itself is framed by pillars and a
54:
608:
420:
The interior chamber of ed-Deir has several incised crosses carved into the wall, which may indicate that the space might have been used as a church or hermitage.
242:
1140:
260:
The
Monastery can be reached by ascending a nearly 800-step path (40-minute walking time) from the Basin. The Wadi Kharrubeh, the Lion's tomb, and small
725:
1009:
Rajan, Rahim S.; Rüther, Heinz (2007-05-30). "Building a
Digital Library of Scholarly Resources from the Developing World: An Introduction to Aluka".
500:. The data generated by the Zamani Project creates a permanent record that can be used for research, education, restoration, and conservation.
388:, which would be unusual for a tomb, as well as two low benches along the side walls, which suggest that the chamber was built to serve as a
552:
510:
473:
332:
styles of construction. The
Hellenistic influence can be seen in the columns of the Monastery, which are constructed in an abstracted
844:
793:
446:
continued all until the late 19th century. The area around ed-Deir shows a particular density of such communities, who even left an
309:. The room is thought to have been painted and plastered, even though none of these decorations have survived into the modern day.
472:('Jabal an-Nabi Harûn', lit. the mountain of the Prophet Aaron, some 5 km SW of Petra), not at ed-Deir (see original Latin text
1135:
423:
After the abandonment of
Byzantine Petra with its main churches near the city center, a Christian presence in the form of
616:
329:
399:
An inscription that was found on the wall of a nearby structure while it was being cleaned in 1991, mentioned "the
385:
493:
370:
1115:
455:
384:(innermost sanctuary), accessed by two short staircases, similar to those leading up to the cult podium of the
321:. Its blending of architectural styles is a hallmark of the dynamic and hybridised nature of Petra as a whole.
1145:
465:
343:(superstructure containing moldings and bands lying above the capitals), but does not have figures in the
318:
105:
439:
289:
947:
324:
Architecturally, the
Monastery follows classical Nabataean style, which is represented by a mixture of
916:
666:
351:
either side of the Monastery also demonstrate the Mesopotamian influence present in the structure.
264:
and grottos can be seen en route to the Monastery. From the Monastery, one can view the valleys of
1061:
988:
579:
461:
1044:
Rüther, Heinz; Rajan, Rahim S. (December 2007). "Documenting African Sites: The Aluka Project".
548:
230:
1079:
1026:
840:
789:
497:
477:
834:
783:
1053:
1018:
928:
333:
224:
114:
111:
464:
documented in 1217 that two Greek monks were living near Petra, but their abode was at the
1065:
325:
285:
172:
1150:
1119:
489:
424:
306:
284:
of the Monastery, 47 m (154 ft) high and 48 m (157 ft) wide, has a
961:
867:
1129:
889:
Weksler, Amir; Picciotto, de, Louise; Becker, Jeffrey; Landvatter, Thomas (2023).
933:
488:
The Monastery was spatially documented in 2013 by the non-profit research group
451:
340:
337:
1057:
523:
508:
The Monastery has appeared in several Hollywood movies, such as the 2009 film
443:
366:
265:
1030:
1022:
890:
442:-type communities of among the ruins of the wider ancient metropolis and its
69:
56:
962:"The Byzantine monastic / pilgrimage center of St. Aaron near Petra, Jordan"
469:
447:
268:
and the gorges along with the semi-arid territory immediately around Petra.
281:
37:
695:. New York: Harry N. Abrams in association with the Cincinnati Art Museum.
989:"An African heritage database, the virtual preservation of Africa's past"
431:
409:
159:
1106:
216:
17:
292:-shaped element. This element has a conical roof that is topped by an
427:
389:
380:
344:
261:
204:
93:
435:
393:
375:
237:
229:
208:
89:
1110:
641:
839:. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. BRILL. pp. 62–65.
788:. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. BRILL. pp. 48–49.
528:
293:
203:, is a monumental building carved out of rock in the ancient
211:. The Deir was probably carved in the mid-first century AD.
917:"Monks across the desert. Hermitic life in Christian Petra"
915:
Vanni Desideri, Andrea; Leporatti, Silvia (December 2020).
496:
of tangible cultural heritage. A 3D model can be viewed
392:. Outside there are remains of a colonnade, a possible
458:
in 1812, but which had already disappeared by 1865.
693:
Petra Rediscovered: The Lost City of the Nabataeans
155:
147:
139:
131:
123:
99:
85:
1046:Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
1052:(4). University of California Press: 437–443.
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
816:
814:
812:
777:
775:
773:
771:
8:
785:The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus
30:
27:Building carved out of rock in Petra, Jordan
180:
36:
29:
932:
573:
571:
569:
288:, the two sides of which flank a central
751:"Architecture in the Hellenistic Period"
584:Old Stones: The Monuments of Art History
921:Studies in Ancient Art and Civilization
719:
717:
540:
910:
908:
893:. Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places
454:of the monumental facade, observed by
891:"The Deir: a Pleiades place resource"
234:The whole building carved out of rock
7:
710:. New York: Oxford University Press.
636:
634:
602:
600:
484:3D documentation with laser-scanning
555:from the original on 21 August 2010
511:Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen
176:
1107:Documentary about its construction
25:
1141:Monuments and memorials in Jordan
412:, who was deified posthumously.
317:The monastery is an example of
836:The Religious Life of Nabataea
1:
462:Magister Thetmarus (Thietmar)
960:Fiema, Zbigniew T. (2002).
934:10.12797/SAAC.24.2020.24.06
868:"al-Deir Monastery (Petra)"
724:Macaulay-Lewis, Elizabeth.
691:Markoe, Glenn, ed. (2003).
476:and its German translation
1167:
1066:10.1525/jsah.2007.66.4.437
1058:10.1525/jsah.2007.66.4.437
927:: 133-152 (134, 140-141).
492:, which specialises in 3D
386:Temple of the Winged Lions
726:"Petra: Rock-cut Facades"
708:The Architecture of Petra
706:Mckenzie, Judith (1990).
371:Tomb of the Roman Soldier
51:
47:
35:
31:ed-Deir ("The Monastery")
1023:10.1162/afar.2007.40.2.1
782:Healey, John F. (2001).
347:, only simple roundels.
1111:Internet Movie Database
151:yes (only from outside)
135:47 m (154 ft)
127:48 m (157 ft)
1136:Nabataean architecture
833:Alpass, Peter (2013).
609:"Petra Lost and Found"
319:Nabataean architecture
252:
235:
580:"ad-Deir (Monastery)"
494:digital documentation
250:
233:
70:30.33778°N 35.43111°E
578:Gunther, Michael D.
403:of Obodat the god".
140:Completion date
671:National Geographic
613:National Geographic
313:Architectural style
66: /
32:
504:In popular culture
253:
236:
143:mid-1st century AD
75:30.33778; 35.43111
1116:Photos of ed-Deir
1084:zamaniproject.org
642:"Petra: The Deir"
468:on the summit of
248:
166:
165:
156:Dedicated to
148:Opening date
16:(Redirected from
1158:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1006:
1000:
999:
993:
984:
978:
977:
975:
973:
957:
951:
945:
943:
941:
936:
912:
903:
902:
900:
898:
886:
880:
879:
877:
875:
870:. Madain Project
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
830:
807:
806:
804:
802:
779:
766:
765:
763:
761:
747:
741:
740:
738:
736:
721:
712:
711:
703:
697:
696:
688:
682:
681:
679:
677:
663:
657:
656:
654:
652:
638:
629:
628:
626:
624:
619:on April 8, 2018
615:. Archived from
604:
595:
594:
592:
590:
575:
564:
563:
561:
560:
545:
334:Corinthian style
249:
195:), also spelled
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
178:
115:Christian church
112:Byzantine period
108:cultic structure
81:
80:
78:
77:
76:
71:
67:
64:
63:
62:
59:
40:
33:
21:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1126:
1125:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1008:
1007:
1003:
991:
987:Rüther, Heinz.
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
966:Arkeologipäivät
959:
958:
954:
946:Also available
939:
937:
914:
913:
906:
896:
894:
888:
887:
883:
873:
871:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
847:
832:
831:
810:
800:
798:
796:
781:
780:
769:
759:
757:
749:
748:
744:
734:
732:
723:
722:
715:
705:
704:
700:
690:
689:
685:
675:
673:
667:"The Monastery"
665:
664:
660:
650:
648:
640:
639:
632:
622:
620:
607:Sanchez, Cruz.
606:
605:
598:
588:
586:
577:
576:
567:
558:
556:
551:. Martin Gray.
549:"Petra, Jordan"
547:
546:
542:
537:
520:
506:
486:
418:
362:
357:
315:
302:
286:broken pediment
274:
272:Exterior design
258:
238:
219:or "Treasury".
201:ad-Deir/ad-Dayr
192:
189:
186:
183:
74:
72:
68:
65:
60:
57:
55:
53:
52:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1164:
1162:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1146:Rock-cut tombs
1143:
1138:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1120:Manar al-Athar
1113:
1102:
1101:External links
1099:
1096:
1095:
1080:"Site - Petra"
1071:
1036:
1001:
979:
952:
904:
881:
859:
845:
808:
794:
767:
742:
713:
698:
683:
658:
630:
596:
565:
539:
538:
536:
533:
532:
531:
526:
519:
516:
505:
502:
490:Zamani Project
485:
482:
425:Greek Orthodox
417:
414:
361:
358:
356:
353:
314:
311:
307:segmental arch
301:
298:
273:
270:
257:
254:
164:
163:
157:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
119:
118:
109:
101:
97:
96:
87:
83:
82:
49:
48:
45:
44:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1163:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1122:photo archive
1121:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1005:
1002:
997:
996:www.isprs.org
990:
983:
980:
967:
963:
956:
953:
949:
935:
930:
926:
922:
918:
911:
909:
905:
892:
885:
882:
869:
863:
860:
848:
846:9789004216235
842:
838:
837:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
813:
809:
797:
795:9789004301481
791:
787:
786:
778:
776:
774:
772:
768:
756:
752:
746:
743:
731:
727:
720:
718:
714:
709:
702:
699:
694:
687:
684:
672:
668:
662:
659:
647:
643:
637:
635:
631:
618:
614:
610:
603:
601:
597:
585:
581:
574:
572:
570:
566:
554:
550:
544:
541:
534:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
517:
515:
513:
512:
503:
501:
499:
495:
491:
483:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
426:
421:
415:
413:
411:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
382:
377:
372:
368:
359:
354:
352:
348:
346:
342:
339:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
312:
310:
308:
300:Interior plan
299:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
280:The rock-cut
278:
271:
269:
267:
263:
255:
251:Ed-Deir, 2018
232:
228:
226:
220:
218:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
190:The Monastery
174:
170:
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
116:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
79:
50:
46:
39:
34:
19:
1087:. Retrieved
1083:
1074:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1014:
1011:African Arts
1010:
1004:
995:
982:
970:. Retrieved
968:: 34-49 (34)
965:
955:
938:. Retrieved
924:
920:
895:. Retrieved
884:
872:. Retrieved
862:
850:. Retrieved
835:
799:. Retrieved
784:
758:. Retrieved
754:
745:
733:. Retrieved
730:Khan Academy
729:
707:
701:
692:
686:
674:. Retrieved
670:
661:
649:. Retrieved
646:Nabataea.net
645:
621:. Retrieved
617:the original
612:
587:. Retrieved
583:
557:. Retrieved
543:
509:
507:
487:
460:
422:
419:
404:
400:
398:
379:
363:
349:
330:Mesopotamian
323:
316:
303:
279:
275:
259:
221:
213:
200:
196:
168:
167:
470:Mount Aaron
452:entablature
341:entablature
326:Hellenistic
73: /
1130:Categories
1089:2019-10-28
1017:(2): 1–7.
559:2010-08-20
535:References
524:Al-Khazneh
456:Burckhardt
444:necropoles
434:living in
266:Wadi Araba
61:35°25′52″E
58:30°20′16″N
1031:0001-9933
755:Boundless
440:coenobium
432:cenobites
416:Christian
390:biclinium
360:Nabataean
225:Byzantine
205:Jordanian
106:Nabataean
553:Archived
518:See also
448:epigraph
410:Obodas I
369:and the
262:biclinia
256:Location
227:period.
207:city of
160:Obodas I
86:Location
1118:at the
1109:at the
852:10 June
801:10 June
760:May 13,
735:10 June
676:May 13,
651:May 13,
623:May 13,
589:10 June
450:on the
428:hermits
367:Khazneh
355:Purpose
217:Khazneh
197:el-Deir
184:
169:Ed-Deir
42:ed-Deir
18:Ad Deir
1064:
1029:
843:
792:
466:church
401:mrzh'
381:adyton
345:metope
290:tholos
282:façade
173:Arabic
132:Height
94:Jordan
1151:Petra
1062:JSTOR
992:(PDF)
972:7 May
940:8 May
897:7 May
874:7 May
438:- or
436:lavra
405:Mrzh'
394:altar
376:cella
338:Doric
209:Petra
177:الدير
124:Width
90:Petra
1027:ISSN
974:2024
948:here
942:2024
899:2024
876:2024
854:2020
841:ISBN
803:2020
790:ISBN
762:2019
737:2020
678:2019
653:2019
625:2019
591:2020
498:here
478:here
474:here
430:and
328:and
199:and
181:lit.
100:Type
1054:doi
1019:doi
929:doi
529:Siq
480:).
378:or
294:urn
162:(?)
117:(?)
1132::
1082:.
1060:.
1050:66
1048:.
1025:.
1015:40
1013:.
994:.
964:.
925:24
923:.
919:.
907:^
811:^
770:^
753:.
728:.
716:^
669:.
644:.
633:^
611:.
599:^
582:.
568:^
514:.
296:.
179:,
175::
92:,
1092:.
1068:.
1056::
1033:.
1021::
998:.
976:.
950:.
944:.
931::
901:.
878:.
856:.
805:.
764:.
739:.
680:.
655:.
627:.
593:.
562:.
193:'
187:'
171:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
