838:
53:
845:
142:
The Aetna
Earthworks consists of two circular ditch-and-bank structures located atop a glacial esker and spaced 650 metres (2,130 ft) apart on an east-west line. The western structure, designated 20MA11, measures 48 metres (157 ft) in diameter, while the eastern structure, designated
889:
143:
20MA12, measures 53 metres (174 ft) in diameter. The eastern earthwork is both taller and wider than the western one. Each earthwork originally had two entrances, one of which roughly aligns with the other earthwork and the other of which faces roughly north-northwest.
146:
In addition, the site includes two conical burial mounds, one north of the eastern earthwork and one south of the western earthwork, and multiple scattered storage pits. The layout of the site bears a striking resemblance to the travels described in the
920:
894:
553:
760:
795:
785:
646:
490:
930:
810:
790:
686:
671:
608:
495:
714:
666:
656:
636:
621:
568:
500:
397:
800:
775:
770:
724:
691:
641:
603:
558:
548:
540:
480:
470:
430:
755:
701:
661:
631:
578:
475:
869:
859:
815:
583:
573:
535:
530:
520:
425:
616:
593:
460:
390:
166:
in 1922. Excavations were conducted by staff from the
University Museum in 1925-26, and by staff from Michigan State University in 1965. Further excavations were carried out in the 2000s.
827:
805:
780:
765:
750:
745:
737:
729:
719:
706:
696:
681:
676:
651:
626:
598:
588:
563:
525:
515:
510:
505:
485:
465:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
420:
406:
383:
820:
884:
874:
123:
66:
915:
864:
878:
191:
131:
39:
925:
301:
228:
151:
origin tale of Bear's
Journey, and it is thought that the site was used for rituals connected to the story.
319:
Report of the
Director of the Museum of Zoology to the Board of Regents from July 1, 1922 to June 30, 1923
254:
Meghan C. L. Howey; John M. O'Shea (April 2006), "Bear's
Journey and the Study of Ritual in Archaeology",
163:
196:
57:
Earthworks in July 2024. Four men standing on a log crossing a ditch which encircles the eastern mound.
52:
338:
375:
119:
271:
317:
297:
289:
224:
218:
263:
288:
Clare McHale Milner; John M. O'Shea (1998), Robert C. Mainfort; Lynne P. Sullivan (eds.),
90:
909:
122:
consisting of a pair of circular earthworks designated 20MA11 and 20MA12 located in
358:
290:"The Socioeconomic Role of Late Woodland Enclosures in Northern Lower Michigan"
921:
Archaeological sites on the
National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
148:
127:
220:
Mound
Builders and Monument Makers of the Northern Great Lakes, 1200-1600
275:
370:
Earthwork
Enclosures in Ogemaw, Missaukee and Alcona Counties, Michigan
267:
159:
The Aetna
Earthworks were likely constructed around 1200 +/- 100 AD.
339:"Michigan Mounds, with Special Reference to Two in Missaukee County"
931:
National
Register of Historic Places in Missaukee County, Michigan
77:
186:
379:
346:
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters
162:
The land around the Aetna Earthworks was donated to the
130:
origin tale of Bear's Journey. It was listed on the
352:, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan: 1–9
126:. The layout of the site is thought to represent the
852:
413:
294:
Ancient Earthen Enclosures of the Eastern Woodlands
96:
83:
72:
62:
223:, University of Oklahoma Press, pp. 113–120,
316:University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (1923),
407:National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
262:(2), Society for American Archaeology: 261–282,
16:Archaeological site in Michigan, United States
391:
8:
398:
384:
376:
124:Aetna Township, Missaukee County, Michigan
67:Aetna Township, Missaukee County, Michigan
51:
363:, Missaukee County Bicentennial Committee
40:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
212:
210:
208:
206:
175:
249:
247:
245:
243:
241:
239:
187:"National Register Information System"
181:
179:
23:
7:
357:Willard Michael James Baird (1976),
192:National Register of Historic Places
132:National Register of Historic Places
14:
916:Archaeological sites in Michigan
890:Properties of religious function
843:
836:
296:, University Press of Florida,
85:
1:
875:Michigan State Historic Sites
368:Harold Wesbrook Moll (1958),
21:United States historic place
885:National Historic Landmarks
947:
926:Missaukee County, Michigan
834:
217:Meghan C L Howey (2012),
84:NRHP reference
50:
46:
37:
30:
26:
164:University of Michigan
197:National Park Service
360:The Missaukee Mounds
337:Emerson F Greenman,
112:Missaukee Earthworks
110:, also known as the
120:archaeological site
865:Historic districts
256:American Antiquity
903:
902:
104:
103:
938:
895:Railway stations
847:
846:
840:
839:
400:
393:
386:
377:
372:
364:
353:
343:
324:
323:
313:
307:
306:
285:
279:
278:
268:10.2307/40035905
251:
234:
233:
214:
201:
200:
183:
116:Missaukee Mounds
108:Aetna Earthworks
87:
55:
32:Aetna Earthworks
24:
946:
945:
941:
940:
939:
937:
936:
935:
906:
905:
904:
899:
848:
844:
842:
841:
837:
832:
414:Lists by county
409:
404:
367:
356:
341:
336:
333:
331:Further reading
328:
327:
315:
314:
310:
304:
287:
286:
282:
253:
252:
237:
231:
216:
215:
204:
199:. July 9, 2010.
185:
184:
177:
172:
157:
140:
58:
42:
33:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
944:
942:
934:
933:
928:
923:
918:
908:
907:
901:
900:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
872:
867:
862:
856:
854:
850:
849:
835:
833:
831:
830:
825:
824:
823:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
740:
735:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
554:Grand Traverse
551:
546:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
417:
415:
411:
410:
405:
403:
402:
395:
388:
380:
374:
373:
365:
354:
332:
329:
326:
325:
322:, pp. 8–9
308:
302:
280:
235:
229:
202:
174:
173:
171:
168:
156:
153:
139:
136:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
88:
81:
80:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
31:
28:
27:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
943:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
911:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
880:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
857:
855:
851:
829:
826:
822:
819:
818:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
741:
739:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
416:
412:
408:
401:
396:
394:
389:
387:
382:
381:
378:
371:
366:
362:
361:
355:
351:
347:
340:
335:
334:
330:
321:
320:
312:
309:
305:
303:9780813015927
299:
295:
291:
284:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
250:
248:
246:
244:
242:
240:
236:
232:
230:9780806188058
226:
222:
221:
213:
211:
209:
207:
203:
198:
194:
193:
188:
182:
180:
176:
169:
167:
165:
160:
154:
152:
150:
144:
137:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
100:July 21, 2024
99:
97:Added to NRHP
95:
92:
89:
82:
79:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
29:
25:
19:
761:Presque Isle
369:
359:
349:
345:
318:
311:
293:
283:
259:
255:
219:
190:
161:
158:
145:
141:
115:
111:
107:
105:
18:
853:Other lists
781:Schoolcraft
711:Montmorency
138:Description
910:Categories
796:St. Joseph
786:Shiawassee
647:Livingston
491:Charlevoix
170:References
811:Washtenaw
806:Van Buren
791:St. Clair
766:Roscommon
738:Ontonagon
697:Missaukee
687:Menominee
672:Marquette
609:Kalamazoo
564:Hillsdale
526:Dickinson
496:Cheboygan
149:Midewiwin
134:in 1973.
128:Midewiwin
879:listings
715:Muskegon
707:Montcalm
667:Manistee
657:Mackinac
637:Leelanau
622:Keweenaw
613:Kalkaska
599:Isabella
569:Houghton
516:Crawford
501:Chippewa
276:40035905
118:, is an
91:73002157
63:Location
860:Bridges
828:Wexford
821:Detroit
801:Tuscola
776:Sanilac
771:Saginaw
742:Osceola
725:Oakland
720:Newaygo
692:Midland
682:Mecosta
642:Lenawee
604:Jackson
559:Gratiot
549:Gogebic
545:Gladwin
541:Genesee
511:Clinton
481:Calhoun
471:Berrien
431:Allegan
155:History
870:Houses
756:Ottawa
751:Otsego
746:Oscoda
734:Ogemaw
730:Oceana
702:Monroe
662:Macomb
632:Lapeer
579:Ingham
476:Branch
466:Benzie
451:Baraga
446:Arenac
441:Antrim
436:Alpena
421:Alcona
300:
274:
227:
816:Wayne
677:Mason
589:Iosco
584:Ionia
574:Huron
536:Emmet
531:Eaton
521:Delta
506:Clare
456:Barry
426:Alger
342:(PDF)
272:JSTOR
78:acres
652:Luce
627:Lake
617:Kent
594:Iron
486:Cass
298:ISBN
225:ISBN
106:The
73:Area
461:Bay
264:doi
114:or
86:No.
912::
348:,
344:,
292:,
270:,
260:71
258:,
238:^
205:^
195:.
189:.
178:^
76:2
881:)
877:(
399:e
392:t
385:v
350:7
266::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
