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vandalism to gain the respect. This provides the group with a sense of values and status which they cannot receive from the larger society. It is a process which allows the members of the groups to adapt to their own exclusion from society. Unlike Merton's strain theory, Cohen holds the view that the reaction to status frustration is a collective response rather than an individual one.
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Reaction formation is the reaction from status frustration, and the young men of the lower classes find themselves replacing their society's norms and values with alternative ones. I.e. instead of working hard being the common goal for respect, it may become a delinquent act like who commits the most
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Status frustration is directed mainly to the young people of lower classes. There is no parallel between their own social realities and the rest of society's promoted goals. They become frustrated at the disadvantages and inequalities that they face, and this leads to Cohen's second principle;
62:, Cohen wrote about delinquent gangs and suggested in his theoretical discussion how such gangs attempted to "replace" society's common norms and values with their own sub-cultures. He proposed two basic ideologies, the first of which is called status frustration.
85:) in western societies. Although actions such as these do not provide monetary gain to the perpetrator, they come to hold value to members of the sub-culture. As such, becoming accessible means of achieving status and prestige among the individual's peer group.
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and wrote a Ph.D. under his inspiration. Parsons and Cohen continued to correspond also after Cohen left
Harvard. In his 1955 work,
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Albert Cohen graduated from
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Cavendar (March 1994). "Doing Theory: An
Interview with Albert K. Cohen".
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This theory accounts for the increasing rates of non-utilitarian crime (
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22:(June 15, 1918 – November 25, 2014) was a prominent American
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from 1984–1985 and in 1993 he received the society's
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178:(1). Boston, MA: Springer: 153–167.
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147:. 2016. Archived from
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246:. 1955.
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