Alexander Cameron (priest) - Knowledge (XXG)

1378: 1224:(sic), was foster-father to the said Alexander Cameron; that is, after Alexander was weaned, he was sent to Glendessarie House, to be brought up there until he should be fit for Schools. That upon that occasion, according to the customs of the country, Glendessarie set apart thirty cows, and Lochiel, the father, the like number, and they were all kept at Glendessarie, and the produce of these cows is intended to be for Stock to the infant when he sets up in the world; and he knows that when Alexander came to be fit to go to school, he was sent to the schools at Glendessarie's expense; and that when he went abroad, that stock was disposed of, and the price given to Alexander, and that it amounted to £150 Sterling and upwards." 1952:

and their public Mass-houses". An appeal was made to the General Assembly, "that the Assembly may fall on effective methods to stop this contagion and particularly that they appoint a committee of their number to represent this matter to the Lord Justices Clerk, that the law may be put into execution against these priests, and proper orders given for demolishing these Mass-houses". The Presbytery further reported that the chief of Clan Chisholm had recently, "promised to protect the officers of the law in demolishing the Mass-houses in his ground, and the Presbytery expect the same of the Lord Lovat, his Lordship having written to this Presbytery, that he would, what in him lay, discourage priests and Popery in his bounds."

1129: 2888: 2530: 1813: 1697: 918: 906: 1589: 2037: 2314: 1987:, John Farquharson informed his two colleagues that a detachment sent by the chief of Clan Chisholm was on the way to arrest them. He suggested, "Let us go to meet them then, and save them the trouble of coming all this way for us." Cameron and Charles Farquharson declined this suggestion and, seeking to buy time for his fellow priests to escape, John Farquharson walked towards the detachment, met them, and surrendered to them at a field known as ( 1944:, begging him to order his brother to the castle, where Lovat promised to "furnish him with all the conveniences of Life". Lovat further pleaded with Lochiel, saying, "I beg you to use your endeavours to get an order from his superiors to make him remove to a milder climate; they cannot in honor and conscience refuse it, for he has done already more good to his Church than any ten of his profession has done these ten years past, except your uncle ( 1539: 1282: 2239: 1270:, where he was granted an officer's rank. According to biographer Monsignor Thomas Wynne, "In which regiment of the army Alexander served, and where he travelled, is not recorded. His experiences of the rawness of barrack-room life would be a practical preparation for what lay ahead of him. He would find himself very much at home among his fellow soldiers in the future when he was to serve in the Prince Charles army." 1396:″I doubt not that a piece of extraordinary news, as that of my being converted to the Catholick Faith, and quitting of the religion in which I was bred up, and educat, will at first surprise you and my Relations. I should be sorrie ever to do anything wherby I would run the risque of incurring the displeasure of a Brother whome I so much love and esteeme; but in an affaire of so great Consequence as this is, and 1266:, where the plantations his eldest brother had purchased as an investment were managed by their youngest brother, Ewan Cameron. Alexander had been sent to Jamaica on family business to, "scrape together moneys", but he later recalled that his tour of this, "most beautiful of countreys", (sic) did not give him the happiness he sought and he accordingly returned to Scotland. He then briefly served in the 121: 3010: 240: 3082:, "I have lately received news of the wretched and afflicted state of our mission. We have lost that fine missionary and religious, Fr. Alex. Cameron, who was captured in June last and put in chains in a man-of-war where he bore all kinds of insults and cruelty with unconquerable patience and Christian fortitude and where he contracted a deadly disease. He was finally taken to the 2825:. After the doctor, "returned and said if Mr. Cameron was not brought ashore or was better assisted he must die soon by neglect and ill-usage", Lord Albemarle immediately sent a party aboard "with an order to Ferguson to deliver up Mr. Cameron". In reply, Captain Fergussone, "said he was his prisoner and he would not deliver him up to any person without an express order from the 182: 63: 22: 448: 393: 342: 1530:, while the shorter letter that accompanied the memorandum remains in the Clan Cameron museum in Achnacarry Castle. The value is increased as they are both among the few Lochiel family papers to have "somehow survived the hurried dispersal of papers, plate, and furniture from Achnacarry on the approach of Cumberland's troops after Culloden." 2959:, rampant infection, disease, the cold and damp, which he could not resist with such flimsy clothing, his condition was weakening all the time. He had now lost the comfort and consolation of his fellow priests, as they had been transferred to other ships, and those prisoners who were left in the stinking hold of the 2864:. At such times, both the dead and even emaciated prisoners who were still dying were taken out of the hold and thrown into the sea. According to historian John Watts, "For Alexander Cameron, whose health had been broken at the hands of Captain Fergussone even before his imprisonment, the voyage was an agony." 2635:

archives, John Sibbald Gibson wrote, "Lochiel would also have learned, such was the speed with which the news of the severities inflicted by King George's army and Navy raced round the Highlands, that his brother, Father Alexander, had been taken prisoner. It was as well that he would not as yet know

2021:

According to Wynne, "Bishop Hugh must have been equally saddened by the news of Farquharson's arrest, and also moved by his heroism and self-sacrifice for his fellow priests. He knew that he had lost one of his finest priests on whom he had come to depend so much. However, he would have been consoled

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announced that they were credibly informed that, in Clan Chisholm territory, "Mass was being said publicly in a house built for that purpose while the two Mass-houses at Crochail and in Strathfarrar, which had been shut by order of Lord Lovat, were now open again, one of them for the accommodation of

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This secret cave dwelling commanded a wide view of the surrounding landscape, which further allowed the three Jesuits to keep watch for anyone, whether anti-Catholic civilians or detachments of government troops, who might be coming to arrest them. The cave at Brae of Craskie accordingly remained the

1424:"If I can not have the pleasure of seeing you and liveing in the same Countrey with you, let me have the satisfaction at a distance of being loved by you as one Brother ought to be by another... if we never are to meet let me at least have the pleasure of corresponding with you, and heareing from you" 2434:

and healing from the ankle wounds he had received at Culloden, Alexander Cameron's brother, Donald Cameron of Lochiel, was informed, according to historian John S. Gibson, that the people of Clan Cameron were facing starvation due to the confiscation of all their food supplies by government troops.

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faiths to leave religion only to their ministers, adding, "Was ye or any Man in possession of an estate told by a Lawier that the charters or rights by which you held your Estate were not valid, and that if ye did not get new Charters, your King or Superior could turn you out when he pleased, would

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According to Wynne, "The total mortality in the prison ships must have been enormous because of the semi-starvation, disease, and semi-clad condition of the men. It is estimated that out of the first batch of five hundred and sixty four prisoners transported to the Thames in June 1746, one hundred

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According to detailed notes taken by Robert Forbes after interviewing Jean Cameron of Dungallon, the Jesuit's sister-in-law, Fr. Cameron fell seriously ill as a result of these conditions and complaints were duly made about John Fergussone's treatment of Lochiel's brother to senior officers in the

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On 1 May 1744, the presbytery of Inverness resolved that something had to be done urgently about, "the great growth of Popery in the country of Strathglass where Allexr. Cameron and John Farquharson, Popish priests, have been trafficking for considerable time past and have their constant residence

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By 2011, however, Thomas Wynne had become very skeptical of Rev. MacBean's allegations and, according to John S. Gibson, there is considerable documentary evidence, "of the warm family feeling which animated the brothers". According to Wynne, the decision to assign Alexander Cameron to the Frasers

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Bishop Forbes continues, "Almost all those that were in the same ship with Donald and Malcolm were once so sick that they could scarcely stretch out their hands to one another... at last there was a general sickness that raged among all the prisoners on board the different ships, which could not

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are correct, Alexander Cameron is likely to have remained with his brothers Donald and Dr. Archibald Cameron for at least part of their flight from the field of Culloden. Furthermore, his biographer Thomas Wynne believes Alexander Cameron was one of those who barely escaped arrest when government

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While the prince's secret movements as a fugitive after Culloden are well-documented, those of other fugitives are often harder to trace. For example, while the region where Alexander Cameron's kinsman, Bishop Hugh MacDonald, was in hiding is known as a general location, the Bishop always said in

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in its favour than places that are under a Protestant Government, by which all means find that a greater number have been perverted to Popery in these parts within the last few months than thirty years before. The Presbytery do instruct their Commissioners to urge the General Assembly to take the

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and when he returned to lead them in that of 1719. He was only 18-years old when the latter rising failed and his father, who had always had a particular affection for him, left Scotland once again for what would become a permanent exile in France, while Alexander's mother, Lady Isobel, remained

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overwhelmingly against prisoners whom he suspected of withholding information about the location of the prince or of other fugitives with similarly large bounties promised for their capture. Unfortunately for Fergussone's Jesuit prisoner, according to John S. Gibson's 1994 biography of Lochiel,

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matters above mentioned to their serious and reasonable consideration, and endeavour to procure the Assembly's particular recommendation to the Committee for Reformation of the Highlands to take special care for providing these corners, not only with a well-qualified preacher, but also with a

2712:

According to historian John Watts, during "the year of the pillaging", Captain Fergussone and his crew, " responsible for so much destruction and death on the West Coast", that even though more than two centuries have passed since the, "inhumanity and contempt for authority that he displayed

1404:

Cameron's letters indicate that he understood his family would be upset with his religious conversion, but explained, "The missfortoune of such as have been borne in protestante Countreys is that they heard and knowe all that can be invented or said against the Catholick Religion (which upon

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Captain Archibald Macrae Chisholm, the widowed husband of John and Charles Farquharson's grandniece, as a memorial to his late wife. Chisholm placed the font upon a stone column, where it is now venerated as a relic on the grounds of St Mary and St. Bean's Roman Catholic Church at Marydale,

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Alexander Cameron explained elsewhere that, while in Rome, he had expressed his desire to become a Catholic to the Stuart king and queen in exile. Both Prince James Francis Edward and Princess Maria Clementina were reportedly overjoyed and immediately arranged for their household servant's

1998:

In a 4 September 1744 meeting, the Presbytery announced that they had received assurance from Mr. Shaw of Petty that Lord Lovat had followed their request, the recent arrest of Farqhuarson at Brae of Craskie, and the flight of Cameron and Charles Farquharson from Clan Fraser's territory.

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of the realm. It is equally understandable why the Scottish Catholic laity, who, "were discouraged and much exposed to oppression", would similarly, "wish for an event that was likely to release them, and put them again into the possession of the privileges of free-born citizens."

1664:, etc, who were professed papists, were greater thieves than his people, and if he would bring these to be honest and industrious, he would then consider his proposal as to the Camerons, and till he would bring that good work to a bearing, he forbad him to meddle with his people." 2356:"The year of the pillaging") meant considerable suffering for the priests and laity of the Highland District even as the Catholics of the Lowland District escaped largely unscathed, the government's post-Culloden pacification campaign would prove just as difficult to survive for 1795:

of the people of that country, or to avenge himself upon them by their means, by which the few Protestants that are there are most discouraged and kept in perpetual terror; several arguments and methods said to be used by him would more become a country where Popery had

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instruction and reception into the Catholic Church. According to biographer Wynne, the name of the priest who instructed the future Jesuit, as well as the precise location and date of Alexander Cameron's reception into the Roman Catholic Church are still unknown.

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to demonstrate his loyalty, but his livestock was still looted after Culloden by government troops under the command of Captain Caroline Scott, one of several officers whose conduct during the aftermath of the Rising still remains notorious. Considering the

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ye not immediately make all the diligent searches in your power... If then we are at so much paines to search and examine into what regards our worldly and momentary interest: how much more ought we to examine into what regards our eternall salvation."

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given afterwards to the Jacobite Army; Alexander Cameron's maternal uncle, Fr. Colin Campbell of Lochnell, whose body was never found. At least one other Catholic military chaplain, Fr. John Tyrie, received two gashes on his head from a cavalryman's

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According to Gravesend Historical Society president Tony Larkin, the surrounding area was very anti-Catholic and anti-Jacobite in the 1740s and Catholics or Jacobites who died locally were listed in burial records as "unknown", even if their names

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flogged insensible for having been the prince's boatman", Captain Fergussone, according to the Jesuit's sister in law, similarly "brutalised" Fr. Cameron by denying him a bed and instead placing him in iron chains among the ropes and cables of the

1585:. Cameron also requested, as he was already somewhat older than the usual Jesuit postulant, that he be exempted from teaching after completing his theology studies, as he was also anxious to instead be sent home to serve in the Scottish mission. 1648:, alleged, "The Camerons boast of their being Protestant, and Lochiel hindered the priest his brother to preach among them, when he told them he would bring them from their villainous habit of thieving, if he would allow them to preach, and say 1955:

Whenever it was not possible for the three priests to safely leave Glen Cannich, their parishioners would come to the cave at Brae of Craskie for Mass, the sacraments, and, especially, for the illegal Catholic baptisms of their children. A

2951:, and this was borne out in his personal vindictiveness against Fr Cameron. From the evidence that is available, it appears that Fr Alexander was not transferred to the prison hulks at anchor in the Thames, but was kept aboard the 1324:

as, "The King over the Water." Through the influence of his uncle, Alan Cameron, Alexander Cameron was granted a position as an honorary gentleman of the bedchamber to the Prince. He would have joined both his Royal master and

1968:, lit. "the stone of the baptism") was used by the three priests as a baptismal font. The entrance to the cave was so well hidden that the three priests successfully eluded, "all attempts of the local garrison to find them". 1791:; and he hath great advantage by his connection with the inhabitants of Lochaber, which gives the people in these quarters where he is employed occasion to suppose that is in his power to protect them and their cattle from 2420:, in his later poetry, "an interesting testimony to the bitter disillusionment of the Highlanders who had come to the aid of the Government, to be in the end treated no better that those who had rebelled against it." 2713:

throughout", his quest for Jacobites and for the £30,000 bounty promised for the capture of the prince, John Fergussone remains not only notorious, but has, according to John S. Gibson, taken "his place in Jacobite

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man with an Aberdeenshire man's antipathy towards Highlanders". According to Gibson's naval history of the rising and the manhunt during its aftermath, Fergussone tended to use interrogation methods now considered

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Alexander Cameron. It was agreed on 3 July to write to Lord Lovat, desiring him to put such effectual stop to the progress of this priest by demolishing the Mass-houses and turning the priest out of the country."

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At the end of the letter, Alexander Cameron issued instructions to his brother about who within the family was to be given his arms, as giving all one's personal weapons away to male relatives is customary for

3157:, or natural cup stone, used as a font in the cave at Glen Cannich had previously been used for performing baptisms in Strathglass, "from time immemorial". It was eventually removed from the cave during the 2587:

of Raasay provides a detailed account of the alleged depredations of Captain Fergussone and his crew upon the isle during their two visits in mid-May and in July of 1746. Young Raasay's allegations include

2217:

John S. Gibson has written, "In all, Lochiel's tolerant approach to religion was in marked contrast to that of the Protestant Keppoch Chief. Early on in the Rising, Keppoch would bring about large

1680:. This theory is consistent, according to S.A. MacWilliam, with how the Catholic Church was organized at a time when Scotland was still considered a mission territory and therefore subject to the 2848:

towards London, each prisoner was to be given a daily ration of 1/2 lbs. of food, "brought in foul nasty buckets", and into which, according to survivors, Fergussone's crew occasionally used to

1348:

During his time in Rome, Alexander Cameron converted to Catholicism. Dom Odo Blundell suspected that Alexander Cameron was, "possibly led thereto", by his future Jesuit colleagues, Charles and

1889:

centre of the Catholic mission in Lochaber at the time, where Cameron and the two brothers secretly ministered to the local Catholics and, whenever possible, they secretly visited the covert "

5670:

According to B. G. Seton and J. G. Arnot, Jacobite Prisoners of the '45 Vol. I (Edinburgh,1928), 224, Alexander Cameron 'died at sea' (aboard the 'Furnace' before reaching the Thames estuary)

2705:, "a man remarkable for his cruelties... Even in his younger years he was remarkable for a cruel turn of mind among his school fellows and companions, and therefore he is the fitter tool for 1755:

Even reports from anti-Catholic sources confirm that Cameron was very successful as a missionary in the country of Clan Chisholm and Clan Fraser. For example, in a 27 April 1743 report from

6313: 2519: 2510:. According to historian Odo Blundell, the population of this region remained staunchly Roman Catholic and, more importantly, Borrodale Bay, Morar, and Arisaig were part of the estates of 2049: 1945: 1673: 799: 1152:. At the same time, Alexander's immediate family ties were not severed and remained very close. He was in his early teens when his father fled to France after leading the clan during the 2235:

For this reason, Alexander Cameron's duties would have involved saying Mass, administering the sacraments, and caring on the battlefield for the wounded and dying, rather than fighting.

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After the cries of a dying Catholic prisoner for a priest were heard by the captains of the surrounding prison hulks, Captain Fergussone grudgingly allowed Fr. John Farquarson to board

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the priests." Historian John Watts confirms that this policy was followed by government troops and that, "In doing so, they appear to have been acting on official orders." Although (

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Alexander Cameron admitted with regret to having previously lived a "wilde" life before his conversion, but vowed to make up for his past by seeking to more productively serve the

6253: 3045:, and with Fr. Farquarson by his side on 19 October 1746. Fr. Cameron's remains were taken ashore and buried in un-consecrated ground in the nearest graveyard to the ship; the 2499: 1577:, but had been told that there was difficulty in admitting him. There was already another Scottish novice studying in Tournai and the Scots College could not afford to pay 300 775:

credited Alexander Cameron with breaking his own health by doing the priestly work of ten men. According to reports by the local Presbyterian Synods, Cameron convinced so many

2868: 6343: 1581:

a year for another. Reminding the Superior General that he had recently done so for an Irish novice, Cameron asked that the local Jesuit Provincial be ordered to admit him

1366:, attributes his conversion solely to the influence of their uncle Allan Cameron, a fellow household servant of the Prince and Princess who had played a great part in the 2022:

by the fact that Cameron was safe and enjoying a well-earned rest with his family at Achnacarry, where he would be secure, well looked after, and nursed back to health."

1885:; as such it combined a civilising role with the building up of a Catholic mission outside Cameron territory in a way which must have reassured Lochiel on both counts." 993:. Two of Alexander Cameron's other maternal uncles converted to Catholicism. One of them was Fr. Colin Campbell, who became an admired leader among his fellow outlawed 2632: 2551:

was informed that Fr. Cameron has just been surprised and captured by a detachment of government troops commanded by Captain McNiel while hiding at the White Sands of

2427:, was also forced into hiding in the mountains from the looting and house arsons by government troops in Cameron country, along with the Jesuit's nieces and nephews. 1377: 3607: 3205: 3119: 2116:

war without additional supplies and reinforcements. Lochiel relented and agreed to raise his clan only after the prince effectively served him with an ultimatum.

1681: 878: 6219:(Includes photographs of Alexander Cameron's 1730 conversion letter, the surviving piece of his tartan priestly vestments, and the "Prayer for Victory" Tapestry) 6348: 2694:

and revealed Captain Fergussone, according to John S. Gibson, as "the very stuff of Britain's naval greatness". Even so, John Fergussone was also, according to

73: 5683:

to Gravesend, "Father Cameron, whose health had been shattered during his long captivity, died and was thrown overboard." Quoted in Charles MacDonald (2011),

2006:

country to look after the Catholic population in Strathglass until his return. Charles Farquharson is known to have been hidden by his kinfolk in the vale of

6248: 1672:, rather than as a missionary in his native district, is far more likely to have been made by their "uncle" (in reality their father's first cousin), Bishop 1420:, whom he had not yet met, and all other relatives and only asked that they would still be willing to continue loving him and to remain in contact with him, 6278: 2826: 35: 3178: 2837:, but Captain Fergussone, "swore if they offered to put them on board he would sink them and their boat directly. The Captain soon afterwards sailed..." 2232:, because, as Wynne explains, "the hands that had been anointed to bless and to administer the sacraments would not be raised in anger to strike a foe." 1768: 1436:

The 1730 letter was accompanied by a 13,000 word memorandum in which Alexander Cameron explained the reasons for his conversion at much greater length.

1828:

correspondent Colin Chisholm was shown the three priests' former residence and secret Mass house, which was located inside a cave still referred to as (

1522:

Although historian John S. Gibson believes that Lochiel was, "more than a little nettled at this", the memorandum was also considered so important that

1439:

In the memorandum, Alexander Cameron tells Donald why he thinks that the Clan Cameron should revert to Catholicism and laments that both their clan and

1128: 2955:, by Fergussone, in the hell-hole which he had endured for more than four months. He was a desperately ill man by now. As a result of the ravages of 6298: 6273: 2935:

and the other prison hulks anchored in the Thames, under similarly inhumane and insanitary conditions, which are confirmed by Whig eyewitnesses and

2810: 2548: 2154: 1566: 1345:, and many other great composers like them. These experiences are believed to have had an enormous influence upon his future spiritual development. 848: 6323: 2872: 6225:, From the Website "Christianity in Strathglass." (Includes a photograph of the Baptismal Font from the Cave at Brae of Craskie in Glen Cannich). 1633:) that, 'Popish priests ... surprised at their resolution on this point', has a particular relevance to the family's only Catholic clergyman." 1227:

In addition to being taught almost from birth how to live off the land, how to withstand cold and other hardships, and how to always follow the

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the sugar planters, Fr. Cameron was already near death. By this time, an estimated 900 real and suspected Jacobites were imprisoned aboard the

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The first book length biography of Alexander Cameron, built upon a foundation of research by other published historians, was self-published in

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume III

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume III

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume III

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume II

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume II

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume II

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later wrote, " joined in affirming it to be their opinion that the Camerons suffered the loss of three hundred good men from first to last."

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I

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It is known that around 1727, Alexander Cameron had what is believed to have been an emotional reunion with his exiled father in France.

2150:, Lochiel, and young Clanranald had not joined the prince, he would have been forced to shift for himself in the best manner he could." 2986:: 'O what is it that will not go down wi' a hungry stomack? I can assure you we made no scruple to eat anything that came our way.')." 304: 6318: 2814: 2706: 2860:

broke out in the hold and many prisoners succumbed to the disease or the deliberate starvation well before the ship ever reached the

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at the same occasion. Alexander Cameron was also one of the priests of the Highland district whom the bishop reluctantly assigned as

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In response, Lochiel immediately took out his purse and gave all the money he could spare to be used to buy food for his Clan. Sir

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by Thomas Wynne, "It is hard to imagine that the arrival of his brother Alexander was any more more welcome to Lochiel than that of

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on 30 September 1734 and took his first vows there on 1 October 1736. He then studied theology for four years at Douai and did his

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troops surprised a secret clan gathering called by Lochiel near Achnacarry Castle on 15 May 1746, before going back into hiding.

6103: 6088: 3050: 2276:, based on interviews with John Cameron of Fassiefern, to have been Lochiel's brothers Dr. Archibald and Fr. Alexander Cameron. 2131: 1338: 971: 3628: 3285: 1928:

because he considered it his priestly duty to minister to the people of Glen Cannich throughout the winter. On 26 January 1743,

283: 6293: 3079: 2308: 1114: 838: 84: 41: 3376:'Cameron Memorandum', MS 20310 in vol. xiv of the National Library of Scotland's Catalogue of Manuscripts acquired since 1925. 3720: 3098:

known. Alexander Cameron, therefore, is believed to rest in an unmarked grave whose location cannot be precisely determined.

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in "those lengthy ship to ship engagements which distinguished naval war in that century" and his tactical advice to Admiral

2514:, which, unlike those of the other Jacobite Clan Chiefs, had escaped forfeiture to the Crown by using a minor loophole under 2464: 1688:, were assigned to their particular missionary fields at the sole discretion of their respective District's Vicar Apostolic. 959: 2742: 1836:, lit. "the hollow of the hard-life"), and which was located underneath the cliff of a big boulder at Brae of Craskie, near 2779:

as she cruised up and down the notoriously cold and rainy west coast of Scotland. This behaviour was not only motivated by

6303: 5370: 2733: 2725: 2468: 1929: 1780: 855:, the deliberately insanitary rations, starvation, and the conditions of his four month incarceration aboard Fergussone's 772: 290: 4725: 203: 6363: 2887: 2791:, with the same deliberate and unnecessary cruelty. According to historian John S. Gibson, "Captain John Fergussone an 2511: 2424: 2207: 1527: 1060: 783:

to become, "perverted to Popery", that he unintentionally provoked a 1744 government crackdown at the insistence of the

2737: 458: 352: 6258: 2852:, "as an ill-natured diversion". Due to severe overcrowding, however, even this ration of food was often diluted with 2003: 1641: 1444: 1397: 1381: 1317: 1221: 1149: 1033: 768: 710: 2612:

of Christian Montgomery and Maron MacLeod. The Albemarle Papers, which are believed to be based on a now lost second

1448: 272: 2963:

were by this stage probably too weak to be moved and would have died if an attempt had been made to transfer them."

2529: 1860:). Odo Blundell considered Colin Chisholm's sources of information to be credible and used his article as a source. 1405:

examination they would soon finde to be calumny) but they never have occasion to know what can be said for them..."

6353: 3959:

Quoted in MacWilliam, 'Strathglass', 96, and O. Blundell, The Catholic Highlands of Scotland, i (London, 1909) 187.

2691: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2139: 1972: 1729: 967: 935: 6111:

Memoirs of Scottish Catholics during the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Volume II From Commonwealth to Emancipation

5551:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Pages 172-174, 176-177. 5124:

Memoirs of Scottish Catholics during the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Volume II From Commonwealth to Emancipation

4857:

Memoirs of Scottish Catholics during the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Volume II From Commonwealth to Emancipation

4627:

Memoirs of Scottish Catholics during the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Volume II From Commonwealth to Emancipation

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Memoirs of Scottish Catholics during the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Volume II From Commonwealth to Emancipation

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Memoirs of Scottish Catholics during the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Volume II From Commonwealth to Emancipation

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while Fr. John Farquharson served him at the altar. Soon after, Fr. Alexander Cameron died, after first receiving

250: 192: 6333: 3287:

Collections Towards Illustrating the Biography of the Scotch, English, and Irish Members, of the Society of Jesus

3127: 2698: 2675: 2624: 2357: 2272:

was shot through his ankles and carried off the field by four of his clansmen, two of whom were later alleged by

2269: 2196: 2181: 2093: 2089: 1941: 1925: 1717: 1677: 1523: 1357: 1349: 1326: 1166: 1094: 1056: 1048: 1037: 811: 725: 714: 2048:, as outlawed clergymen of an illegal and underground church denomination, it is understandable why both Bishop 134: 6358: 6069: 6058: 6047: 5386: 5165: 3213: 2663: 2572: 2556: 2349: 2325: 1988: 1961: 1933: 1906: 1874: 1853: 1841: 1829: 1760: 1745: 1721: 1701: 1248: 1209: 1174: 1005:, among the priests of that same District has since been characterized, by at least one recent historian, as a 985:("The Ark") as one of a long list of those whom the Bard viewed as honourable Campbells who, during the second 616: 5428:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Pages 84-88, 89-90. 2375:, had refused to join the rising and instead had immediately surrendered himself to the Hanoverian Sheriff of 1812: 5127: 4860: 4630: 3777: 3258: 2447:

later years only that he, "lurked the best way he could." If the statements of John Cameron of Fassiefern to

1526:

arranged to bind all 48 handwritten pages in calf-skin leather. The resulting volume is now preserved at the

1169:, led Clan Cameron as de facto chief. Unlike their ancestors, however, the language of Achnacarry Castle was 6308: 6288: 6099: 5960: 5955: 5607: 5303: 5199: 4884: 4801: 4685: 4668: 4391: 4133: 4096: 4062: 4028: 3760: 3561: 3447: 2896: 2439:, who was in hiding with the Cameron chief, also opened his purse and contributed the additional sum of six 2199: 2085: 2031: 1984: 1696: 1496: 1417: 1367: 1190: 1162: 1153: 1102: 986: 815: 671: 2990:

fail to be the case when (as both Donald and Malcolm positively affirmed) they were sometimes fed with the

2943:

and fifty seven died in five weeks after their arrival. Captain Fergussone was particularly bitter against

2283:, at least one Catholic military chaplain lost his life, either during the battle itself or as part of the 2010:. Cameron, on the other hand, is known to have sought and received the protection of his eldest brother at 6142: 5884: 5867: 5831: 5776: 5746: 5655: 5182: 5043: 5014: 4818: 4784: 4758: 4651: 4613: 4426: 4321: 4239: 4207: 4187: 4167: 4150: 4116: 4079: 4045: 4011: 3994: 3947: 3930: 3913: 3896: 3864: 3832: 3815: 3798: 3699: 3578: 3186: 2830: 2702: 2580: 2409: 2296: 2189: 2143: 1342: 943: 874: 675: 5538:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Pages 178-186. 5415:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Pages 178-186. 4583: 4443: 3544:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Pages 312-313. 837:

Captain John Fergussone, who remains one of the most notorious figures in the government's post-Culloden

821:

After reportedly carrying his brother off the field after Lochiel was shot through the ankles during the

6263: 3190: 3135: 2944: 2875:, the prince, Lochiel, Dr Archibald Cameron, and Bishop Hugh MacDonald were successfully evacuated from 2185: 2061: 1622: 1609: 994: 955: 894: 882: 652: 542: 5508:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. pp. 307-313. 2833:". Other friends of the priest then attempted to deliver proper bedding and "other necessities" to the 1044:

which distinguished many districts of the Highlands long before they were known elsewhere in Britain."

917: 905: 3090:) where he died last month (sic). Frs. John and Charles Farquarson are imprisoned in the same place." 2526:

of the Highland District, was hiding in the same region, as were at least two other Catholic priests.

297: 6243: 6238: 6163:"A Highland Mission: Strathglass, 1671-1777", by Very Rev. Alexander Canon Mac William, Volume XXIV, 5965: 4486:"A Highland Mission: Strathglass, 1671-1777", by Very Rev. Alexander Canon Mac William, Volume XXIV, 4219:"A Highland Mission: Strathglass, 1671-1777", by Very Rev. Alexander Canon Mac William, Volume XXIV, 3162: 3067: 2920: 2806: 2640:, or of the squalor and deadly privations in the prison-hulk on the Thames which awaited him there." 2605: 2413: 2337: 2280: 2228:, and were equipped with a pistol and a sword, but only as an insignia of their rank. Chaplains were 2170: 2109: 2045: 2002:

Following his arrest, Farquharson managed to secretly send word to his fellow underground priests in

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A. Livingstone et al.. The Muster Roll of Prince Charles Edward Stuart's Army (Edinburgh, 1984), 33.

4741:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Page 353. 1625:

four years later... the contemporary Whig writer's judgment ( concerning the Clan's boast of steady

1588: 1200:

During the 1754 trial of Alexander Cameron's brother, John Cameron of Fassiefern, Donald Cameron of

1024:... Indeed, the Camerons, surrounded as they were on three sides by the great Catholic clans of the 958:. She was also the younger sister of Sir Donald Campbell, 7th of Lochnell, who commanded one of the 6080: 5950: 5760:

Jacobite Gleanings from State Manuscripts: Short Sketches of Jacobites; the Transportations in 1745

5725: 5586: 5565: 5462: 5437: 5402:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Page 22. 5350: 5239: 5080: 4930: 4916:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Page 93. 3507: 3139: 2924: 2679: 2495: 2417: 2065: 1806: 1313: 1259: 1106: 1071: 1052: 1013: 841:

in the Highlands and Islands and who received the nickname, "the Black Captain of the Forty-Five".

698: 691: 5482:, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. p. 115. 6210: 5945: 4596: 4254: 3694: 3115: 2948: 2784: 2683: 2515: 2321: 2257: 2246: 2073: 1413: 1083: 1079: 822: 784: 591: 2313: 2206:, and Catholic priest Alexander Cameron, "brother to Lochiel". Fr. Cameron's other brother, Dr. 2153:

Despite his misgivings, Bishop MacDonald eventually blessed the Jacobite standard raised by the

1914: 1824:

interviews with Alexander Chisholm of Craskie, the grandnephew of Fr. John Farquharson's clerk,

814:, the 19th chief of Clan Cameron. Alexander Cameron served in this position for the rest of the 3189:. The tapestry depicts the Cameron Regiment of the Jacobite Army kneeling in prayer before the 2371:

and completely rejected Jacobitism in the 1730s, Alexander's youngest brother, John Cameron of

1894: 989:

prophesied to imminently strike all upon Clan Campbell's lands, were to be welcomed aboard the

4703: 3679:

John Lorne Campbell, "Canna; Story of a Hebridean Island," Canongate Press, Edinburgh. p. 104.

3323: 3143: 3071: 3046: 2801:

during the summer of 1746, "The capture of the Cameron chief was seen as the main objective."

2695: 2476: 2460: 2436: 2193: 2166: 2101: 2011: 1898: 1784: 1637: 1267: 1263: 1178: 1091: 1087: 1064: 910: 803: 729: 722: 624: 560: 141: 1499:, which the future Jesuit had borrowed from his elder brother's library before going abroad, 1392:

in 1730, Alexander Cameron wrote to his brother Donald to explain his reasons for converting:

5970: 3603: 3335: 2974:, "the beef they got was so bad and black that they could not take it for anything else but 2545: 2484: 2381: 2128: 2105: 1555: 1231:

demanded of a Scottish clan chief, Cameron was also educated by tutors. He later attended a

1201: 1170: 1110: 1002: 975: 963: 845: 788: 744: 740: 656: 527: 1329:, the Queen in exile, at formal Roman Feasts, which would also have involved attending the 6203: 6125: 6114: 6002: 5992: 5708: 5688: 5522: 5320: 5260: 5148: 5131: 5097: 4864: 4838: 4634: 4535: 3781: 3666: 3262: 3111: 3034: 2764: 2687: 2636:

of the treatment meted out to Alexander by Captain Fergussone of His Majesty's bomb-ketch

2494:

His biographer Thomas Wynne believes Fr. Alexander Cameron fled from Achnacarry Castle to

2423:

Alexander Cameron's sister-in-law, Jean Cameron of Dungallon, the wife of his brother Dr.

2261: 2057: 2036: 1772: 1685: 1649: 1492: 1459:. Cameron also condemned what he called the secularist tendency among many members of the 1330: 1232: 1228: 1158: 1117: 1098: 1075: 695: 687: 584: 6189: 3772:

His birth date is given as 17 September 1701. According to William Forbes Leith (1909),

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with his brothers after the burning of their birthplace, Fr. Cameron remained behind in

1281: 4726:

Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair – Alexander Macdonald, The Jacobite Bard of Clanranald

3599: 3038: 2936: 2892: 2748: 2589: 2385: 2238: 2161:. Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair is said to have personally sung his song of welcome 2135: 1924:

and almost died at this residence due to its coldness, but still refused to retreat to

1882: 1797: 1792: 1605: 1538: 1205: 852: 536: 4901:

We're Indians Sure Enough: The Legacy of the Scottish Highlanders in the United States

2567:

Captain John Fergussone (c.1708-1767), whose ship was then cruising off the island of

1932:, a practicing Catholic whose changes of allegiance attracted the nickname "the Fox" ( 6232: 6194: 6032: 5064: 3716:

Defending the True Faith: Kirk, State, and Catholic Missioners in Scotland, 1653-1755

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within the clan and raised by relatives in nearby Glen Dessary, he travelled in both

5083:(1981), "Canna; Story of a Hebridean Island," Canongate Press, Edinburgh. pp. 94–95. 3523: 2392:, the Jesuit's brother was facing a far from uncommon experience for pro-government 1020:, whilst later they were supporters of the Episcopal Church of Scotland against the 6174: 6165: 5849: 4488: 4221: 3583: 3486: 3194: 3083: 3062: 2983: 2908: 2861: 2818: 2542: 2456: 2341: 2242: 2221:

from his mainly Catholic following by denying them a padre of their own religion."

2211: 2069: 1902: 1865: 1849: 1617: 1362: 1305: 1301: 1285: 1244: 947: 890: 867: 826: 752: 702: 679: 601: 145: 5366: 2088:, which he considered inopportune and too high risk. Alexander Cameron's brother, 1059:. His other siblings included John Cameron, 1st of Fassiefern (1698–1785) and Dr. 6156: 2821:

Commander in Chief for Scotland, assigned a doctor to visit the prisoners aboard

606:

Difficult Conversions, Military Chaplains, New Evangelisation, Scottish Highlands

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The Catholic Highlands of Scotland. Volume II: The Western Highlands and Islands

5057:

The Catholic Highlands of Scotland. Volume II: The Western Highlands and Islands

3849:. Inverness: Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness xlvii. p. 415. 3230:"The Forgotten Cameron of the '45: The Life and Times of Alexander Cameron S.J." 3009: 2999: 2916: 2767:, at least two non-jurant Episcopal ministers, and many other Catholic priests. 2655: 2376: 2177: 1776: 1713: 1705: 1669: 1601: 1479: 1236: 1025: 1021: 856: 760: 718: 239: 5881: