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before they returned to their country, an "Agreement of Peace and
Friendship", was signed with them on 29 September, in the name of the British nation, and with the approval of the Board of Trade: the Cherokees recognized Britain as a sole trading nation, in return for supplies of guns and gunpowder. This agreement was probably the means of keeping the Cherokees as firm allies of Britain in subsequent wars.
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turned a deaf ear to all his proposals, which included schemes for paying off eighty millions of the national debt by settling three million Jewish families in the
Cherokee mountains to cultivate the land, and for relieving Britain's American colonies from taxation by establishing numerous banks and a local currency.
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for 16 September, he is directly accused of having defrauded the settlers of large sums of money and other property by means of fictitious promissory notes. He does not seem to have made any answer to these charges, which, if true, would explain his subsequent ill-success and poverty. The government
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in the royal chapel at
Windsor. Four days later laid his crown at the feet of the king, when the chiefs laid also their four scalps to show their superiority over their enemies, and five eagle tails as emblems of victory. The proceedings of the chiefs while in England excited great interest. Shortly
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In 1714 he was called to the
Scottish bar, and also held a captain's commission in the Russian army. From his manuscripts, it seems that Cuming was induced to quit the legal profession by a pension of £300 a year being granted to him by the government at Christmas 1718, and that it was discontinued
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Cuming married Amy, daughter of
Lancelot Whitehall, a member of an old Shropshire family, and a commissioner in the customs for Scotland. They had a son, Alexander, born about 1737, and a daughter, Elizabeth, who predeceased him. Amy died during Cuming's imprisonment, and was buried in
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Indian country. It was on 3 April 1730 that "by the unanimous consent of the people he was made lawgiver, commander, leader, and chief of the
Cherokee nation, and witness of the power of God, at a general meeting at
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on 22 October 1743. Their son, who succeeded to the title, was a captain in the army, but became mentally ill, and died some time before 1796 in poverty, in the neighbourhood of Red Lion Street, Whitechapel.
91:, in the Cherokee mountains". Extracts from his journal, giving an account of his transactions with the Indians and his explorations in the Cherokee mountains, were published in the London
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By this time some reports seriously affecting Cuming's character had reached
England. In a letter from South Carolina, bearing the date 12 June 1730, an extract from which is given in the
62:, who bore a grudge against his father for opposing him in parliament. It is more probable that he was found to be of a too flighty disposition to fulfil the services expected of him.
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In 1729 Cuming was led, supposedly by a dream of his wife's, to undertake a voyage to
America, with the object of visiting the Cherokee mountains on the borders of
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Cuming was born (according to his manuscript autobiography) in
Edinburgh on 18 December 1691. He was the only son of
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He returned to
Charlestown on 13 April 1730, accompanied by seven chiefs of the Cherokee nation, including
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50:, Aberdeenshire, by his first wife, Elizabeth; she was the second daughter of the second wife of Sir
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22:(1691–1775) was a Scottish adventurer to North America; he returned to Britain with a delegation of
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in 1720, but, neglecting to pay the annual fee, was expelled in 1757.
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on 5 December, and on 11 March following he began his journey to the
296: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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316:. Vol. 13. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 294–295.
263:. Vol. 13. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 294–295.
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chiefs. He later spent many years in a debtors' prison.
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on 28 August 1775. He had been elected a fellow of the
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at Christmas 1721 at the instance, he suggests, of Sir
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207:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
143:Being now deeply in debt, Cuming turned to
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66:Voyage to America; the Cherokee delegation
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201:"Cuming, Sir Alexander, second baronet".
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185:References
30:Early life
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84:Cherokee
76:Virginia
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