745:
749:
316:) in natural processes. He also made an invaluable contribution to the study of ocean geochemistry. Together with his colleagues, he determined the absolute age of the Earth, the Baltic, Ukrainian, Aldan and other shields, as well as the rocks of India, Africa and other regions. The composition of meteorites (various forms of carbon, gases, etc.) has been studied by the academician.
257:
the title of Hero of
Socialist Labor to scientific, engineering, technical and managerial workers of research organizations, construction companies and industrial enterprises" (classified as "Not to be published"). In the same year he was awarded the Stalin Prize of the 1st degree (he received the Stalin Prize for the second time in 1951).
363:
Since 1958 Vinogradov was a member of the international
Pugwash Conference of Scientists and World Affairs. He was elected member of a number of foreign academies of sciences. He is an honorary member of the American and French Geological Societies, Honorary President of the International Association
244:
to start using the thermodiffusion method of isotope separation. At the end of the 1940s, as a leading USSR specialist in the field of analytical chemistry who earned the Lenin Prize in 1934, he was involved in the creation of atomic weapons and the nuclear industry in the Soviet Union. He headed the
256:
was tested. On
October 29, 1949 Alexander Vinogradov was awarded the Hero of Socialist Labor title with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal "for exceptional services to the state while performing a special task" by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet "On conferring
284:
oxygen is formed from water, not carbon dioxide. He developed the idea of the physical and chemical theory of geological processes in the field of geochemistry. He studied the geochemistry of a number of elements – in particular, the rare elements in soils and the composition of rocks of the
359:
For outstanding services in the organization of Soviet science (and in connection with the 80th anniversary of his birth), Vice-President of the
Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union Alexander Vinogradov was awarded the second Hammer and Sickle gold medal with the Order of Lenin (Decree of the
582:
552:
371:” in 1973. The letter accused Sakharov of “having made a number of statements discrediting the political system, foreign and domestic policies of the Soviet Union.” Academicians assessed his human rights activities as the ones “discrediting the honor and dignity of a Soviet scientist.”
186:
At the end of agricultural work, the whole
Vinogradov family would go to St. Petersburg to earn money, and for the summer they would come home to Petretsovo where parents would engage in farming. At the end of the 1890s, family moved to St. Petersburg for permanent residence.
289:. He also determined the average composition of the main rocks of the Earth. Vinogradov proposed a hypothesis of a universal mechanism for the formation of planetary shells based on the silicate phase zone melting and developed the idea of the Earth chemical evolution.
292:
Vinogradov was editor-in-chief of the Atlas of
Lithological-palaeogeographical maps of the Russian Platform (1960–61), the 4-volume Atlas of Lithological-Palaeogeographical Maps of the USSR (1967–68) and a series of books on analytical chemistry of certain elements.
323:
The academician made instrumental determinations of the chemical composition of planetary bodies. He used the data obtained with the help of interplanetary space stations and was the first to establish the presence of basaltic rocks on the surface of the
277:) in organisms; he introduced the concept of biogeochemical provinces and described the biogeochemical endemicities of plants and animals that are associated with them. He also developed a biogeochemical method for searching for minerals.
475:
Memorial plaques are installed on the building of the
Military Medical Academy in St. Petersburg and on the facade of GEOKHI (Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Kosygina Street, house No. 19) in Moscow.
343:
Academician
Vinogradov led the study of lunar soil samples delivered in 1970 to the territory of the USSR from the flat surface of Mare Fecunditatis by the re-entry vehicle of the Soviet automatic interplanetary station
319:
In 1963-1967 Alexander
Vinogradov was the academician and secretary of the Department of Earth Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union and both Vice President of the Academy since May 17, 1967.
471:
A bronze bust of
Vinogradov, twice Hero of Socialist Labor (sculptor – Z.M. Vilensky, architect – V.S. Maslov), was opened on January 17, 1978 on the Alley of Heroes of Moscow Victory Park in Leningrad.
868:
873:
205:'s Moscow laboratory. In 1925 he became a full-time employee at the Physiological Chemistry Department of the Military Medical Academy. From 1926 Alexander Vinogradov worked as a researcher at the
918:
190:
In 1907 Alexander Vinogradov graduated from the First Spassky City Primary College in St. Petersburg with honors. He received secondary education by 1916 at the Military District in Petrograd.
263:
On October 23, 1953, he was elected academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in the Department of Geological and Geographical Sciences (geochemistry, analytical chemistry).
883:
245:
work on analytical support for the production of nuclear materials of high purity. Under his leadership highly sensitive methods of chemical and analytical research were developed.
878:
770:
888:
233:
In 1945-1947 he worked as the director of the Vernadsky Laboratory of Geochemical Problems of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. In 1947 he created and headed the
425:
Stalin Prize, 1st degree (1951) - for the scientific work named “Geochemistry of rare and trace elements in soil” («Геохимия редких и рассеянных элементов в почве») (1950)
273:
to cosmochemistry. He studied changes in the chemical composition of organisms in connection with their evolution, especially the contents of rare and trace elements (
908:
367:
Vinogradov was one of the academicians of the USSR Academy of Sciences who signed a scientists’ letter to Pravda newspaper condemning “the behavior of Academician
183:
Alexander Vinogradov was born in a family of state ("economic") peasants (employees) in Yaroslavl province or, according to other sources, in St. Petersburg.
224:
of Chemical Sciences for the study of the elemental chemical composition of marine organisms. In 1936 he went on a trip abroad for scientific purposes.
447:
Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1943), member (academician) of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1953).
913:
933:
387:
230:
On September 30, 1943, he was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in the Department of Chemical Sciences.
898:
206:
151:
903:
482:
The name of the scientist was assigned to the Institute of Geochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Irkutsk.
479:
The memorial office-museum of Academician Vinogradov was opened at the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (Moscow).
863:
562:
213:) where he thereafter stayed for further scientific work as a senior specialist and deputy director thanks to the invitation of academician
296:
Alexander Vinogradov created a new field in Soviet science, namely geochemistry of isotopes - fractionation of isotopes of light elements (
210:
194:
157:
He was the director of Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1947-1975).
893:
234:
778:
542:, Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature, International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)
530:, Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature, International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)
494:
Two annual Vinogradov scholarships for students of the Geological Faculty of Moscow State University have been established in 1988.
401:
198:
260:
In 1953 he founded and headed the first Geochemistry Department in the USSR at the Geological Faculty of Moscow State University.
823:
459:
451:
491:
Since 1983 Vinogradov Scientific Readings have been held at the Geological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University.
923:
928:
227:
In 1938 he worked as Deputy Director of the Biogeochemical Laboratory of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
601:
455:
364:
of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry. He was also Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the 3rd convocation.
217:
in 1930. Alexander Vinogradov participated in the establishment of the Biogeochemical Laboratory of the Academy.
625:
144:
150:
In 1928, he took up a position as assistant professor in the laboratory for biogeochemical problems of the
103:
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
673:
858:
853:
431:
375:
286:
201:. In 1924 he graduated from the academy and in 1925 – from the university. Since 1924 he worked at
168:
602:"История советского атомного проекта. Вып. 1. — 1998 — Электронная библиотека «История Росатома»"
240:
Alexander Vinogradov was one of the leading figures in Soviet atomic project. In 1941 he advised
214:
504:
Vinogradov Fracture Zone at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean (60°45′—60°59′ S, 29°33′—28°57′ W),
558:
419:
197:
and, at the same time, at the Chemistry department of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of
111:
D. A. Mineev, V. S. Urusov, Л. N. Kogarko, I. D. Ryabchikov, А. A. Yaroshevsky, I. G. Mineeva
771:"Мемориальный кабинет - музей академика А.П.Виноградова ГЕОХИ РАН - Россия - Каталог музеев"
202:
125:
649:
368:
332:, 1966). He was also the first to determine the chemical composition of the atmosphere of
270:
160:
722:"Дважды Герой Социалистического Труда Виноградов Александр Павлович :: Герои страны"
698:"Дважды Герой Социалистического Труда Виноградов Александр Павлович :: Герои страны"
485:
One of the research vessels of the B-86 project was named Akademik Alexander Vinogradov.
394:
281:
241:
221:
847:
274:
220:
In 1934 Alexander Vinogradov moved to Moscow. In 1935 he was awarded the degree of
136:
133:
721:
697:
539:
527:
488:
The Vinogradov Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences was established (1978).
413:
140:
650:"АНТОЛОГИЯ САМИЗДАТА :: Материалы о Сахарове из "Хроники текущих событий""
374:
Alexander Vinogradov died on November 16, 1975. He was buried in Moscow at the
352:
spacecraft and the samples from the mainland part of the Moon delivered by the
249:
49:
Petretsovo, Romanovo-Borisoglebsky county, Yaroslavl province, Russian Empire
349:
309:
437:
Vernadsky gold medal of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1965)
337:
397:(10/29/1949; 09/19/1953; 01/04/1954; 08/23/1965; 11/09/1970; 08/20/1975)
353:
345:
329:
266:
Since 1954 Vinogradov lived on Maxim Gorky Embankment, house No. 4/22.
799:
305:
301:
297:
70:
800:"Виноградов Александр Павлович | Летопись Московского университета"
746:"ГЕОХИ РАН: - Мемориальный кабинет-музей академика А.П.Виноградова"
333:
253:
325:
313:
172:
164:
348:, as well as soil from Mare Tranquillitatis delivered by the
510:
Vinogradov crater with a diameter of 210 km on Mars.
193:
Since 1919 Alexander Vinogradov has been studying at the
360:
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet dated August 20, 1975).
869:
Foreign fellows of the Indian National Science Academy
434:
of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1973)
211:
Commission for the Study of Natural Productive Forces
874:
Foreign members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
919:
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
248:
On August 29, 1949, at the Semipalatinsk landfill (
107:
99:
91:
76:
66:
54:
35:
21:
235:Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry
497:The following were named in honor of Vinogradov:
884:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
507:Mount Vinogradov (Mons Vinogradov) on the Moon,
80:Military Medical Academy, Leningrad University
132:; August 21, 1895 – November 16, 1975) was a
8:
879:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
889:S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy alumni
626:"Виноградов Александр Павлович. | ИС АРАН"
18:
58:November 16, 1975 (died at the age of 80)
280:Based on isotope studies he showed that
520:
207:Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
152:Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
909:Recipients of the Lomonosov Gold Medal
163:, a mountain on the near side of the
7:
596:
594:
576:
574:
460:Indian National Academy of Sciences
287:Eastern European (Russian) platform
269:Vinogradov's research extends from
674:"Письмо членов Академии наук СССР"
442:Membership in scientific societies
14:
402:Orders of the Red Banner of Labor
914:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
340:, 1967) by direct measurements.
130:Алекса́ндр Па́влович Виногра́дов
934:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
252:) the first Soviet atomic bomb
899:Recipients of the Stalin Prize
167:, is named after him. So is a
122:Alexander Pavlovich Vinogradov
1:
904:Recipients of the Lenin Prize
584:Александр Павлович Виноградов
452:Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
388:Twice Hero of Socialist Labor
16:Soviet geochemist (1895–1975)
864:People from Yaroslavl Oblast
824:"Виноградовит — wiki.web.ru"
748:. 2016-08-09. Archived from
581:СССР, Академия наук (1965).
557:(in Russian). Тончу. 2008.
950:
894:Heroes of Socialist Labour
456:Polish Academy of Sciences
199:Leningrad State University
129:
115:
84:
28:
410:V. I. Lenin Prize (1934)
404:(06/10/1945; 09/30/1946)
390:(10/29/1949; 08/20/1975)
195:Military Medical Academy
145:Hero of Socialist Labour
450:Foreign member of the
501:vinogradovit mineral,
587:(in Russian). Nauka.
432:Lomonosov gold medal
376:Novodevichy cemetery
30:Александр Виноградов
23:Alexander Vinogradov
924:Russian geochemists
654:antology.igrunov.ru
428:Stalin Prize (1951)
422:, 1st degree (1949)
929:Soviet geochemists
606:elib.biblioatom.ru
554:Наша Николина Гора
564:978-5-91215-024-1
382:Awards and prizes
356:station in 1972.
119:
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86:Scientific career
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777:. Archived from
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732:
726:www.warheroes.ru
718:
712:
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108:Notable students
46:February 6, 1861
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528:Mons Vinogradov
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395:Orders of Lenin
384:
369:Andrey Sakharov
271:biogeochemistry
242:I. V. Kurchatov
181:
161:Mons Vinogradov
77:Alma mater
62:
59:
50:
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29:
24:
17:
12:
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5:
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804:letopis.msu.ru
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282:photosynthetic
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147:(1949, 1975).
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781:on 2016-08-11
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752:on 2016-08-09
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831:. Retrieved
827:
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807:. Retrieved
803:
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783:. Retrieved
779:the original
774:
765:
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750:the original
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729:. Retrieved
725:
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705:. Retrieved
701:
692:
681:. Retrieved
677:
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657:. Retrieved
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633:. Retrieved
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609:. Retrieved
605:
583:
553:
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523:
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420:Stalin Prize
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169:large crater
159:
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149:
143:(1953), and
121:
120:
100:Institutions
95:Geochemistry
85:
61:Moscow, USSR
859:1975 deaths
854:1895 births
828:wiki.web.ru
775:www.exmu.ru
678:www.ihst.ru
414:Lenin Prize
141:academician
67:Nationality
848:Categories
833:2023-11-13
809:2023-11-13
785:2023-11-13
756:2023-11-13
731:2023-11-13
707:2023-11-13
683:2023-11-13
659:2023-11-13
635:2023-11-13
611:2023-11-13
540:Vinogradov
515:References
250:Kazakhstan
137:geochemist
42:1861-02-06
630:isaran.ru
350:Apollo-11
310:potassium
215:Vernadsky
179:Biography
338:Venera-4
209:(in the
203:Zelinsky
354:Luna-20
346:Luna-16
330:Luna-10
126:Russian
71:Russian
561:
467:Memory
416:(1962)
407:medals
306:carbon
302:sulfur
298:oxygen
222:Doctor
134:Soviet
92:Fields
334:Venus
254:RDS-1
559:ISBN
326:Moon
314:lead
312:and
173:Mars
165:Moon
55:Died
36:Born
171:on
850::
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700:.
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