1587:
1582:
67:
314:
42:
1619:
1339:
952:
1609:
371:) rather than the lateral ozopores found on many other millipedes. Glomeridans reach maximum lengths of 20 mm (0.79 in), and eyes, if present, are in a single row of ocelli. The order contains approximately 450 species found in Europe,
443:. Sphaerotheriidans have thirteen body segments, and do not possess repugnatorial glands. Spherotheriidans reach larger size than Glomeridans (up to 10 cm (3.9 in)), and always possess large, kidney-shaped eyes.
741:
921:
Hannibal, Joseph T; Feldmann, Rodney M. (1981). "Systematics and
Functional Morphology of Oniscomorph Millipedes (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) from the Carboniferous of North America".
880:
505:"Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness"
801:"Madagascar's living giants: discovery of five new species of endemic giant pill-millipedes from Madagascar (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Arthrosphaeridae:
543:
752:
902:
459:
of North
America and Europe. Amynilyspedida differs from the other Oniscomorph orders in having 14–15 segments. The order contains the genus
984:
298:
secretes a clear, odorless liquid from the midline of the back that contains toxic alkaloids and has a sedative effect to repel predators.
1765:
748:
616:
235:(Oniscidea), also called pillbugs or "roly-polies". However, millipedes and woodlice are not closely related (belonging to the
1586:
1726:
1581:
302:
don't even have such ability, they completely rely on their hard shell to defend against enemies. Pill millipedes are
66:
1793:
1692:
1602:
1705:
573:
977:
552:
267:
258:
Pill millipedes are relatively short-bodied compared to most other millipedes, with only eleven to thirteen
872:
1640:
1752:
809:
665:
363:, the common European pill millipede. They have from eleven to twelve body segments, and possess dorsal
325:
201:
153:
1612:
609:
483:
1770:
818:
710:
694:
Golovatch, Sergei; Mauriès, Jean-Paul; Akkari, Nesrine; Stoev, Pavel; Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques (2009).
585:
561:
275:
247:
695:
477:
1623:
970:
456:
354:
1338:
930:
577:
471:
359:
319:
279:
191:
61:
1757:
1678:
956:
1739:
858:
641:
1744:
962:
1443:
826:
718:
569:
519:
313:
1471:
1370:
1210:
1168:
1137:
426:
414:
406:
400:
299:
216:
175:
53:
41:
822:
714:
565:
504:
1700:
1687:
1521:
1433:
1388:
1383:
1258:
1215:
1156:
777:
372:
181:
1787:
1531:
1504:
1486:
1281:
388:
1556:
1494:
1378:
1291:
1200:
1187:
431:
259:
1663:
637:
1731:
1713:
1672:
1499:
1402:
1309:
1286:
1276:
1253:
1205:
1081:
911:, 2:R572–606. Geological Society of America, Inc., and The University of Kansas.
461:
436:
422:
303:
128:
951:
523:
1509:
1453:
1239:
1110:
1064:
1056:
908:
418:
380:
287:
243:
224:
138:
17:
850:
1132:
1027:
1021:
1015:
994:
548:(Oniscomorpha) from the Stephania lagerstätte of Montceau-les-Mines, France"
440:
384:
368:
350:
344:
295:
283:
271:
263:
239:
236:
232:
220:
170:
118:
108:
98:
78:
723:
831:
800:
1657:
410:
376:
307:
231:. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain
934:
581:
466:
364:
1718:
1248:
1009:
88:
1634:
700:
Latreille, 1802 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae) in North Africa"
312:
291:
1638:
1354:
1040:
966:
574:
10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0221:ANSOTD>2.0.CO;2
294:
among other millipede taxa, but is NOT in pill millipedes——
778:"Millipedes of Britain and Ireland: systematic check list"
542:
P. R. Racheboeuf, J. T. Hannibal & J. Vannier (2004).
274:
separately in each of the two orders, making it a case of
900:
Hoffman, R. L. 1969. Myriapoda, exclusive of
Insecta. In
660:
658:
537:
535:
533:
1647:
1549:
1540:
1518:
1485:
1470:
1452:
1430:
1401:
1369:
1300:
1267:
1237:
1228:
1186:
1167:
1149:
1118:
1109:
1080:
1055:
610:"Defining Features of Nominal Clades of Diplopoda"
604:
602:
306:, feeding on decomposing plant matter, usually in
881:Department of the Environment and Water Resources
799:Wesener, T.; Bespalova, I.; Sierwald, P. (2010).
849:M. A. Minor & A.W. Robertson (May 7, 2007).
413:-distribution taxon, with around 350 species in
215:are any members of two living (and one extinct)
978:
451:Oniscomorpha also includes the extinct order
8:
873:"Checklist for Sphaerotheriida Brandt, 1833"
439:, and around thirty species are present in
246:, respectively); rather, this is a case of
1635:
1546:
1482:
1427:
1366:
1362:
1351:
1234:
1183:
1179:
1115:
1106:
1052:
1048:
1037:
985:
971:
963:
262:, and are capable of rolling into a ball (
40:
31:
844:
842:
830:
722:
666:"Diagnostic features of Millipede Orders"
855:Guide to New Zealand soil invertebrates
736:
734:
495:
317:Comparison of a pill millipede (above:
223:, often grouped together into a single
903:Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology
7:
1706:d9a01cfb-f638-4328-bfc3-ee08f63dff4f
1608:
742:"Biogeography of millipede families"
780:. British Myriapod and Isopod Group
429:. Five species, all in the genus
387:. Four species are present in the
25:
1618:
1617:
1607:
1585:
1580:
1337:
950:
673:Milli-PEET Identification Tables
65:
749:Field Museum of Natural History
617:Field Museum of Natural History
544:"A new species of the diplopod
353:is predominantly found in the
1:
357:and includes species such as
877:Australian Faunal Directory
675:. The Field Museum, Chicago
1810:
524:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.32
465:with unique spines on the
398:
342:
1598:
1578:
1365:
1361:
1350:
1335:
1182:
1051:
1047:
1036:
1004:
323:) and a pillbug (below:
268:defense against predators
197:
190:
166:
161:
62:Scientific classification
60:
48:
39:
34:
1312:(flat-backed millipedes)
1140:(giant pill millipedes)
923:Journal of Paleontology
553:Journal of Paleontology
266:) when disturbed, as a
1476:(worm-like millipedes)
1191:(suctorial millipedes)
1173:(worm-like millipedes)
724:10.3897/zookeys.12.179
330:
284:exude a noxious liquid
1753:Paleobiology Database
832:10.5733/afin.051.0102
810:African Invertebrates
758:on September 29, 2007
696:"The millipede genus
326:Armadillidium vulgare
316:
1701:Fauna Europaea (new)
1067:(bristle-millipedes)
993:Orders of the class
369:repugnatorial glands
286:, which may be both
276:convergent evolution
248:convergent evolution
54:giant pill millipede
51:Arthrosphaera fumosa
905:, Pt. R, Arthropoda
823:2010AfrIn..51..133W
715:2009ZooK...12...47G
566:2004JPal...78..221R
457:upper Carboniferous
355:Northern Hemisphere
27:Order of millipedes
1794:Millipede taxonomy
503:Shear, W. (2011).
360:Glomeris marginata
331:
320:Glomeris marginata
1781:
1780:
1740:Open Tree of Life
1641:Taxon identifiers
1632:
1631:
1594:
1593:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1478:
1397:
1396:
1389:Microdecemplicida
1346:
1345:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1224:
1223:
1193:
1175:
1163:
1162:
1141:
1125:
1123:(pill millipedes)
1076:
1075:
1068:
998:
859:Massey University
642:Australian Museum
638:"Pill millipedes"
484:Palaeosphaeridium
367:(openings of the
210:
209:
205:
157:
16:(Redirected from
1801:
1774:
1773:
1761:
1760:
1748:
1747:
1735:
1734:
1732:NHMSYS0020108479
1722:
1721:
1709:
1708:
1696:
1695:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1636:
1621:
1620:
1611:
1610:
1603:List of families
1589:
1584:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1525:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1437:
1428:
1384:Eoarthropleurida
1367:
1363:
1352:
1341:
1311:
1303:
1270:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1152:
1139:
1138:Sphaerotheriida
1124:
1121:
1116:
1107:
1066:
1053:
1049:
1038:
996:
987:
980:
973:
964:
955:Data related to
954:
939:
938:
918:
912:
898:
892:
891:
889:
887:
869:
863:
862:
846:
837:
836:
834:
796:
790:
789:
787:
785:
774:
768:
767:
765:
763:
757:
751:. Archived from
746:
738:
729:
728:
726:
704:
691:
685:
684:
682:
680:
670:
662:
653:
652:
650:
648:
634:
628:
627:
625:
623:
614:
606:
597:
596:
594:
593:
584:. Archived from
539:
528:
527:
509:
500:
282:. They can also
200:
199:Armadillomorpha
152:
70:
69:
44:
35:Pill millipedes
32:
21:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1769:
1764:
1756:
1751:
1743:
1738:
1730:
1725:
1717:
1712:
1704:
1699:
1691:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1643:
1633:
1628:
1590:
1560:
1550:
1541:
1536:
1519:
1514:
1475:
1473:
1472:Helminthomorpha
1466:
1448:
1444:Zosterogrammida
1431:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1393:
1371:Arthropleuridea
1357:
1342:
1317:
1301:
1296:
1268:
1263:
1238:
1229:
1220:
1211:Siphonocryptida
1190:
1172:
1170:
1169:Helminthomorpha
1159:
1150:
1145:
1122:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1072:
1043:
1032:
1000:
991:
947:
942:
920:
919:
915:
899:
895:
885:
883:
871:
870:
866:
848:
847:
840:
798:
797:
793:
783:
781:
776:
775:
771:
761:
759:
755:
744:
740:
739:
732:
702:
693:
692:
688:
678:
676:
668:
664:
663:
656:
646:
644:
636:
635:
631:
621:
619:
612:
608:
607:
600:
591:
589:
541:
540:
531:
507:
502:
501:
497:
493:
449:
435:are present in
427:South East Asia
415:southern Africa
407:Sphaerotheriida
403:
401:Sphaerotheriida
397:
395:Sphaerotheriida
373:South-east Asia
347:
341:
336:
300:Sphaerotheriida
270:. This ability
256:
213:Pill millipedes
186:
176:Sphaerotheriida
151:
64:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1807:
1805:
1797:
1796:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1762:
1749:
1736:
1723:
1710:
1697:
1688:Fauna Europaea
1684:
1669:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1522:incertae sedis
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1510:Palaeosomatida
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1480:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1462:Amynilyspedida
1458:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1434:incertae sedis
1425:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1379:Arthropleurida
1375:
1373:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1306:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1273:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1259:Spirostreptida
1256:
1251:
1245:
1243:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1216:Siphonophorida
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1177:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1157:Glomeridesmida
1155:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1135:
1129:
1127:
1113:
1104:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1061:
1059:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1005:
1002:
1001:
992:
990:
989:
982:
975:
967:
961:
960:
959:at Wikispecies
946:
945:External links
943:
941:
940:
929:(4): 730–746.
913:
893:
864:
838:
817:(1): 133–161.
791:
769:
730:
686:
654:
629:
598:
560:(1): 221–229.
529:
494:
492:
489:
478:Archiscudderia
453:Amynilyspedida
448:
447:Amynilyspedida
445:
399:Main article:
396:
393:
343:Main article:
340:
337:
335:
332:
278:, rather than
255:
252:
208:
207:
195:
194:
188:
187:
185:
184:
182:Amynilyspedida
178:
173:
167:
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141:
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132:
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86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
58:
57:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
18:Amynilyspedida
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1806:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1772:
1767:
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1759:
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1750:
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1650:
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1642:
1637:
1625:
1616:
1614:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1588:
1583:
1559:(superfamily)
1558:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1487:Archipolypoda
1484:
1481:
1479:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1436:
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1400:
1390:
1387:
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1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1353:
1349:
1340:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1282:Chordeumatida
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1188:Colobognatha
1185:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1166:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1120:Oniscomorpha
1117:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1079:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1003:
999:
988:
983:
981:
976:
974:
969:
968:
965:
958:
953:
949:
948:
944:
936:
932:
928:
924:
917:
914:
910:
906:
904:
897:
894:
882:
878:
874:
868:
865:
860:
856:
852:
845:
843:
839:
833:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:
806:
804:
795:
792:
779:
773:
770:
754:
750:
743:
737:
735:
731:
725:
720:
716:
712:
709:(12): 47–86.
708:
701:
699:
690:
687:
674:
667:
661:
659:
655:
643:
639:
633:
630:
618:
611:
605:
603:
599:
588:on 2011-09-29
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
554:
549:
547:
538:
536:
534:
530:
525:
521:
517:
513:
506:
499:
496:
490:
488:
486:
485:
480:
479:
474:
473:
469:, as well as
468:
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463:
458:
454:
446:
444:
442:
438:
434:
433:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
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394:
392:
390:
389:British Isles
386:
382:
378:
374:
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366:
362:
361:
356:
352:
346:
338:
333:
328:
327:
322:
321:
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311:
309:
305:
304:detritivorous
301:
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289:
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281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:body segments
253:
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77:
74:
73:
68:
63:
59:
55:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1679:Oniscomorpha
1649:Oniscomorpha
1648:
1557:Xyloiuloidea
1532:Pleurojulida
1520:
1505:Euphoberiida
1500:Cowiedesmida
1495:Archidesmida
1461:
1432:
1310:Polydesmida
1287:Siphoniulida
1201:Platydesmida
1151:Limacomorpha
1119:
1014:Superphylum
997:(millipedes)
957:Oniscomorpha
926:
922:
916:
901:
896:
884:. Retrieved
876:
867:
854:
814:
808:
803:Zoosphaerium
802:
794:
782:. Retrieved
772:
760:. Retrieved
753:the original
706:
697:
689:
677:. Retrieved
672:
647:December 22,
645:. Retrieved
632:
620:. Retrieved
590:. Retrieved
586:the original
557:
551:
545:
515:
511:
498:
482:
476:
470:
460:
452:
450:
432:Procyliosoma
430:
404:
358:
348:
324:
318:
257:
229:Oniscomorpha
228:
212:
211:
198:
156:, 1887
149:Oniscomorpha
148:
145:Superorder:
135:Infraclass:
56:from India.
50:
29:
1714:iNaturalist
1673:Wikispecies
1292:Stemmiulida
1277:Callipodida
1269:Nematophora
1254:Spirobolida
1206:Polyzoniida
1065:Polyxenida
1057:Penicillata
886:November 7,
851:"Diplopoda"
546:Amynilyspes
518:: 159–164.
472:Glomeropsis
462:Amynilyspes
437:New Zealand
423:Australasia
254:Description
129:Chilognatha
105:Subphylum:
1624:Millipedes
1551:Juliformia
1454:Pentazonia
1240:Juliformia
1111:Pentazonia
1026:Subphylum
1022:Arthropoda
995:Diplopoda
909:R.C. Moore
679:25 October
592:2007-06-24
491:References
419:Madagascar
405:The order
381:California
349:The order
225:superorder
221:millipedes
139:Pentazonia
125:Subclass:
99:Arthropoda
1664:Q15981124
1613:Diplopoda
1302:Merocheta
1133:Glomerida
1028:Myriapoda
1016:Ecdysozoa
455:from the
441:Australia
385:Guatemala
351:Glomerida
345:Glomerida
339:Glomerida
308:woodlands
296:Glomerida
264:volvation
244:Crustacea
240:Myriapoda
171:Glomerida
119:Diplopoda
109:Myriapoda
85:Kingdom:
79:Eukaryota
1788:Category
1658:Wikidata
1542:Eugnatha
1230:Eugnatha
1010:Animalia
1008:Kingdom
784:March 3,
762:June 24,
698:Glomeris
622:June 24,
467:tergites
411:Gondwana
377:Americas
375:and the
365:ozopores
280:homology
237:subphyla
233:woodlice
202:Verhoeff
192:Synonyms
95:Phylum:
89:Animalia
75:Domain:
1745:7113391
1356:Extinct
1020:Phylum
935:1304421
907:4, ed.
819:Bibcode
711:Bibcode
707:ZooKeys
582:4094852
562:Bibcode
512:Zootaxa
288:caustic
272:evolved
162:Orders
115:Class:
1771:888572
1758:304637
1719:146885
1622:
1249:Julida
1042:Living
933:
580:
481:, and
334:Orders
217:orders
204:, 1915
154:Pocock
1766:WoRMS
1693:11505
931:JSTOR
756:(PDF)
745:(PDF)
703:(PDF)
669:(PDF)
613:(PDF)
578:JSTOR
508:(PDF)
409:is a
379:from
292:toxic
888:2010
786:2014
764:2007
681:2013
649:2016
624:2007
516:3148
425:and
290:and
242:and
1727:NBN
827:doi
719:doi
570:doi
520:doi
383:to
219:of
49:An
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