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resists abrasion from coral, sharp rocks, or shellfish beds, whereas a rope warp is susceptible to abrasion and can fail in a short time when stretched against an abrasive surface. The weight of the chain also helps keep the direction of pull on the anchor closer to horizontal, which improves holding, and absorbs part of snubbing loads. Where weight is not an issue, a heavier chain provides better holding by forming a catenary curve through the water and resting as much of its length on the bottom as would not be lifted by tension of the mooring load. Any changes to the tension are accommodated by additional chain being lifted or settling on the bottom, and this absorbs shock loads until the chain is straight, at which point the full load is taken by the anchor. Additional dissipation of shock loads can be achieved by fitting a snubber between the chain and a bollard or cleat on deck. This also reduces shock loads on the deck fittings, and the vessel usually lies more comfortably and quietly.
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624:. It uses a stock at the crown to which two large flat triangular flukes are attached. The stock is hinged so the flukes can orient toward the bottom (and on some designs may be adjusted for an optimal angle depending on the bottom type). Tripping palms at the crown act to tip the flukes into the seabed. The design is a burying variety, and once well set can develop high resistance. Its lightweight and compact flat design make it easy to retrieve and relatively easy to store; some anchor rollers and hawsepipes can accommodate a fluke-style anchor.
763:: A recent sibling to the Rocna, this anchor performs similarly but does not have a roll-bar. Instead the Vulcan has patented design features such as the "V-bulb" and the "Roll Palm" that allow it to dig in deeply. The Vulcan was designed primarily for sailors who had difficulties accommodating the roll-bar Rocna on their bow. Peter Smith (originator of the Rocna) designed it specifically for larger powerboats. Both Vulcans and Rocnas are available in galvanised steel, or in stainless steel. The Vulcan is similar in appearance to the Spade anchor.
75:
526:. It has a benefit in that, no matter how it reaches the bottom, one or more tines are aimed to set. In coral, or rock, it is often able to set quickly by hooking into the structure, but may be more difficult to retrieve. A grapnel is often quite light, and may have additional uses as a tool to recover gear lost overboard. Its weight also makes it relatively easy to move and carry, however its shape is generally not compact and it may be awkward to stow unless a collapsing model is used.
1232:, in this technique two anchors are deployed in line with each other, on the same rode. With the foremost anchor reducing the load on the aft-most, this technique can develop great holding power and may be appropriate in "ultimate storm" circumstances. It does not limit swinging range, and might not be suitable in some circumstances. There are complications, and the technique requires careful preparation and a level of skill and experience above that required for a single anchor.
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also allows for much more drifting about due to the longer amount of cable paid out. Anchoring with sufficient scope and/or heavy chain rode brings the direction of strain close to parallel with the seabed. This is particularly important for light, modern anchors designed to bury in the bottom, where scopes of 5:1 to 7:1 are common, whereas heavy anchors and moorings can use a scope of 3:1, or less. Some modern anchors, such as the Ultra holds with a scope of 3:1; but, unless the
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while drifting back, a second anchor is set approximately a half-scope away from the first on a line perpendicular to the wind. After this second anchor is set, the scope on the first is taken up until the vessel is lying between the two anchors and the load is taken equally on each cable. This moor also to some degree limits the range of a vessel's swing to a narrower oval. Care should be taken that other vessels do not swing down on the boat due to the limited swing range.
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739:: This is claimed to be a fast setting anchor with high holding power. It is designed as an all round anchor capable of setting even in challenging bottoms such as hard sand/clay bottoms and grass. The shank is made out of a high tensile steel capable of withstanding high loads. It is similar in design to the Rocna but has a larger and wider roll-bar that reduces the risk of fouling and increases the angle of the fluke that results in improved penetration in some bottoms.
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increase this if it becomes buried. Consequently, deadweight anchors are used where mushroom anchors are unsuitable, for example in rock, gravel or coarse sand. An advantage of a deadweight anchor over a mushroom is that if it does drag, it continues to provide its original holding force. The disadvantage of using deadweight anchors in conditions where a mushroom anchor could be used is that it needs to be around ten times the weight of the equivalent mushroom anchor.
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452:, the Trotman Anchor, introduced a pivot at the centre of the crown where the arms join the shank, allowing the "idle" upper arm to fold against the shank. When deployed the lower arm may fold against the shank tilting the tip of the fluke upwards, so each fluke has a tripping palm at its base, to hook on the bottom as the folded arm drags along the seabed, which unfolds the downward oriented arm until the tip of the fluke can engage the bottom.
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707:: This is a French design that has proven successful since 1996. It features a demountable shank (hollow in some instances) and the choice of galvanized steel, stainless steel, or aluminium construction, which means a lighter and more easily stowable anchor. The geometry also makes this anchor self stowing on a single roller. The Spade anchor is the anchor of choice for Rubicon 3, one of Europe's largest adventure sailing companies
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anchors", have been adopted on smaller boats (partly because they stow easily on a bow roller) but they are most effective in larger sizes. Claw anchors are quite popular on charter fleets as they have a high chance to set on the first try in many bottoms. They have the reputation of not breaking out with tide or wind changes, instead slowly turning in the bottom to align with the force.
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796:: Consists of a blunt heavy weight, usually cast iron or cast lead, that sinks into the mud and resist lateral movement. It is suitable only for soft silt bottoms and in mild conditions. Sizes range between 5 and 20 kg for small craft. Various designs exist and many are home produced from lead or improvised with heavy objects. This is a commonly used method on the
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1033:(terylene) is stronger but less elastic than nylon. Both materials sink, so they avoid fouling other craft in crowded anchorages and do not absorb much water. Neither breaks down quickly in sunlight. Elasticity helps absorb shock loading, but causes faster abrasive wear when the rope stretches over an abrasive surface, like a coral bottom or a poorly designed chock.
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breaking out. For example, if the water is 8 metres (26 ft) deep, and the anchor roller is 1 m (3 ft) above the water, then the 'depth' is 9 meters (~30 feet). The amount of rode to let out in moderate conditions is thus 36 meters (120 feet). (For this reason, it is important to have a reliable and accurate method of measuring the depth of water.)
377:. Pre-European Māori waka (canoes) used one or more hollowed stones, tied with flax ropes, as anchors. Many modern moorings still rely on a large rock as the primary element of their design. However, using pure weight to resist the forces of a storm works well only as a permanent mooring; a large enough rock would be nearly impossible to move to a new location.
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may be fouled with obstacles. An anchorage location may be chosen for its holding ground. In poor holding ground, only the weight of an anchor and chain matters; in good holding ground, it is able to dig in, and the holding power can be significantly higher. The word "anchor" is sometimes used as
British slang for the brakes on a car.
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actions that are normally transmitted to the anchor and can cause it to dislodge and drag. In light conditions, a kellet reduces the swing of the vessel considerably. In heavier conditions these effects disappear as the rode becomes straightened and the weight ineffective. Known as an "anchor chum weight" or "angel" in the UK.
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as possible. This will make it unlikely for the anchor to break out of the bottom and drag, if it was properly embedded in the seabed to begin with. When deploying chain, a large enough scope leads to a load that is entirely horizontal, whilst an anchor rode made only of rope will never achieve a strictly horizontal pull.
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is a linear function. As a consequence, in deep water the scope needed will be less, whilst in very shallow water the scope must be chosen much larger to achieve the same pulling angle at the anchor shank. For this reason, the
British Admiralty does not use a linear scope formula, but a square root formula instead.
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the desired scope, e.g. 8:1 if the eventual scope should be 4:1, 10:1 if the eventual scope should be 5:1, etc.) to lower a stern anchor. By taking up on the bow cable the stern anchor can be set. After both anchors are set, tension is taken up on both cables to limit the swing or to align the vessel.
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Using two anchors set approximately 45° apart, or wider angles up to 90°, from the bow is a strong mooring for facing into strong winds. To set anchors in this way, first one anchor is set in the normal fashion. Then, taking in on the first cable as the boat is motored into the wind and letting slack
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Once the desired scope is laid out, the vessel should be gently forced astern, usually using the auxiliary motor but possibly by backing a sail. A hand on the anchor line may telegraph a series of jerks and jolts, indicating the anchor is dragging, or a smooth tension indicative of digging in. As the
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Charts are vital to good anchoring. Knowing the location of potential dangers, as well as being useful in estimating the effects of weather and tide in the anchorage, is essential in choosing a good place to drop the hook. One can get by without referring to charts, but they are an important tool and
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There is a need in the oil-and-gas industry to resist large anchoring forces when laying pipelines and for drilling vessels. These anchors are installed and removed using a support tug and pennant/pendant wire. Some examples are the Stevin range supplied by
Vrijhof Ankers. Large plate anchors such
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The Delta anchor was derived from the CQR. It was patented by Philip McCarron, James
Stewart, and Gordon Lyall of British marine manufacturer Simpson-Lawrence Ltd in 1992. It was designed as an advance over the anchors used for floating systems such as oil rigs. It retains the weighted tip of the CQR
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A plough anchor has a fundamental flaw: like its namesake, the agricultural plough, it digs in but then tends to break out back to the surface. Plough anchors sometimes have difficulty setting at all, and instead skip across the seafloor. By contrast, modern efficient anchors tend to be "scoop" types
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Since one fluke always protrudes up from the set anchor, there is a great tendency of the rode to foul the anchor as the vessel swings due to wind or current shifts. When this happens, the anchor may be pulled out of the bottom, and in some cases may need to be hauled up to be re-set. In the mid-19th
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The
Admiralty Anchor is an entirely independent reinvention of a classical design, as seen in one of the Nemi ship anchors. This basic design remained unchanged for centuries, with the most significant changes being to the overall proportions, and a move from stocks made of wood to iron stocks in the
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for attaching the rode (the rope, chain, or cable connecting the ship and the anchor). At the other end of the shank there are two arms, carrying the flukes, while the stock is mounted to the shackle end, at ninety degrees to the arms. When the anchor lands on the bottom, it generally falls over with
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Plough anchors stow conveniently in a roller at the bow, and have been popular with cruising sailors and private boaters. Ploughs can be moderately good in all types of seafloor, though not exceptional in any. Contrary to popular belief, the CQR's hinged shank is not to allow the anchor to turn with
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Holding ground is the area of sea floor that holds an anchor, and thus the attached ship or boat. Different types of anchor are designed to hold in different types of holding ground. Some bottom materials hold better than others; for instance, hard sand holds well, shell holds poorly. Holding ground
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is used to sharply limit the swing range of a vessel, but allows it to swing to a current. One of the primary characteristics of this technique is the use of a swivel as follows: the first anchor is set normally, and the vessel drops back to the limit of anchor cable. A second anchor is attached to
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technique, an anchor is set off each the bow and the stern, which can severely limit a vessel's swing range and also align it to steady wind, current or wave conditions. One method of accomplishing this moor is to set a bow anchor normally, then drop back to the limit of the bow cable (or to double
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The location to drop the anchor should be approached from down wind or down current, whichever is stronger. As the chosen spot is approached, the vessel should be stopped or even beginning to drift back. The anchor should initially be lowered quickly but under control until it is on the bottom (see
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The basic anchoring consists of determining the location, dropping the anchor, laying out the scope, setting the hook, and assessing where the vessel ends up. The ship seeks a location that is sufficiently protected; has suitable holding ground, enough depth at low tide and enough room for the boat
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A major disadvantage of the concept of scope is that it does not take into account the fact that a chain is forming a catenary when hanging between two points (i.e., bow roller and the point where the chain hits the seabed), and thus is a non-linear curve (in fact, a cosh() function), whereas scope
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Scope is the ratio of length of the rode to the depth of the water measured from the highest point (usually the anchor roller or bow chock) to the seabed, making allowance for the highest expected tide. When making this ratio large enough, one can ensure that the pull on the anchor is as horizontal
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The anchor rode (or "cable" or "warp") that connects the anchor to the vessel is usually made up of chain, rope, or a combination of those. Large ships use only chain rode. Smaller craft might use a rope/chain combination or an all chain rode. All rodes should have some chain; chain is heavy but it
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When it is necessary to moor a ship or floating platform with precise positioning and alignment, such as when drilling the seabed, for some types of salvage work, and for some types of diving operation, several anchors are set in a pattern which allows the vessel to be positioned by shortening and
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A deadweight is an anchor that relies solely on being a heavy weight. It is usually just a large block of concrete or stone at the end of the chain. Its holding power is defined by its weight underwater (i.e., taking its buoyancy into account) regardless of the type of seabed, although suction can
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drilled into the seabed, or by barbed metal beams pounded in (or even driven in with explosives) like pilings, or by a variety of other non-mass means of getting a grip on the bottom. One method of building a mooring is to use three or more conventional anchors laid out with short lengths of chain
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Alain
Poiraud of France introduced the scoop type anchor in 1996. Similar in design to the Bügel anchor, Poiraud's design features a concave fluke shaped like the blade of a shovel, with a shank attached parallel to the fluke, and the load applied toward the digging end. It is designed to dig into
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Since all anchors that embed themselves in the bottom require the strain to be along the seabed, anchors can be broken out of the bottom by shortening the rope until the vessel is directly above the anchor; at this point the anchor chain is "up and down", in naval parlance. If necessary, motoring
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Generally, the rode should be between 5 and 10 times the depth to the seabed, giving a scope of 5:1 or 10:1; the larger the number, the shallower the angle is between the cable and the seafloor, and the less upwards force is acting on the anchor. A 10:1 scope gives the greatest holding power, but
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All anchors should have chain at least equal to the boat's length. Some skippers prefer an all chain warp for greater security on coral or sharp edged rock bottoms. The chain should be shackled to the warp through a steel eye or spliced to the chain using a chain splice. The shackle pin should be
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A mushroom anchor normally sinks in the silt to the point where it has displaced its own weight in bottom material, thus greatly increasing its holding power. These anchors are suitable only for a silt or mud bottom, since they rely upon suction and cohesion of the bottom material, which rocky or
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Three time circumnavigator German Rolf
Kaczirek invented the Bügel Anker in the 1980s. Kaczirek wanted an anchor that was self-righting without necessitating a ballasted tip. Instead, he added a roll bar and switched out the plough share for a flat blade design. As none of the innovations of this
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Grapnels rarely have enough fluke area to develop much hold in sand, clay, or mud. It is not unknown for the anchor to foul on its own rode, or to foul the tines with refuse from the bottom, preventing it from digging in. On the other hand, it is quite possible for this anchor to find such a good
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Club hauling is an archaic technique. When a vessel is in a narrow channel or on a lee shore so that there is no room to tack the vessel in a conventional manner, an anchor attached to the lee quarter may be dropped from the lee bow. This is deployed when the vessel is head to wind and has lost
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Lowering a concentrated, heavy weight down the anchor line – rope or chain – directly in front of the bow to the seabed behaves like a heavy chain rode and lowers the angle of pull on the anchor. If the weight is suspended off the seabed it acts as a spring or shock absorber to dampen the sudden
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Auger anchors can be used to anchor permanent moorings, floating docks, fish farms, etc. These anchors, which have one or more slightly pitched self-drilling threads, must be screwed into the seabed with the use of a tool, so require access to the bottom, either at low tide or by use of a diver.
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in the 1970s. Bruce gained his early reputation from the production of large-scale commercial anchors for ships and fixed installations such as oil rigs. It was later scaled down for small boats, and copies of this popular design abound. The Bruce and its copies, known generically as "claw type
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because it can be dropped from a bow roller simply by paying out the rode, without manual assistance. This is an oft copied design with the
European Brake and Australian Sarca Excel being two of the more notable ones. Although it is a plough type anchor, it sets and holds reasonably well in hard
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A Danforth does not usually penetrate or hold in gravel or weeds. In boulders and coral it may hold by acting as a hook. If there is much current, or if the vessel is moving while dropping the anchor, it may "kite" or "skate" over the bottom due to the large fluke area acting as a sail or wing.
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In moderate conditions, the ratio of rode to water depth should be 4:1 – where there is sufficient swing-room, a greater scope is always better. In rougher conditions it should be up to twice this with the extra length giving more stretch and a smaller angle to the bottom to resist the anchor
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or hemp are still used in developing nations but absorb a lot of water, are relatively weak, and rot, although they do give good handling grip and are often relatively cheap. Ropes that have little or no elasticity are not suitable as anchor rodes. Elasticity is partly a function of the fibre
542:, this is essentially the same pattern as an admiralty anchor, albeit with small diamond-shaped flukes or palms. The novelty of the design lay in the means by which it could be broken down into three pieces for stowage. In use, it still presents all the issues of the admiralty pattern anchor.
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is significantly lower than admiralty pattern anchors, their ease of handling and stowage aboard large ships led to almost universal adoption. In contrast to the elaborate stowage procedures for earlier anchors, stockless anchors are simply hauled up until they rest with the shank inside the
310:, or weight, or a combination of the two. The weight of the anchor chain can be more than that of the anchor and is critical to proper holding. Permanent moorings use large masses (commonly a block or slab of concrete) resting on the seabed. Semi-permanent mooring anchors (such as
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The
Fortress is an American aluminum alloy Danforth variant that can be disassembled for storage and it features an adjustable 32° and 45° shank/fluke angle to improve holding capability in common sea bottoms such as hard sand and soft mud. This anchor performed well in a 1989 US
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While there are numerous variations, stockless anchors consist of a set of heavy flukes connected by a pivot or ball and socket joint to a shank. Cast into the crown of the anchor is a set of tripping palms, projections that drag on the bottom, forcing the main flukes to dig in.
463:. The crown of the anchor is then hauled up with a heavy tackle until one fluke can be hooked over the rail. This is known as "catting and fishing" the anchor. Before dropping the anchor, the fishing process is reversed, and the anchor is dropped from the end of the cathead.
723:: This New Zealand spade design, available in galvanised or stainless steel, has been produced since 2004. It has a roll-bar (similar to that of the Bügel), a large spade-like fluke area, and a sharp toe for penetrating weed and grass. The Rocna sets quickly and holds well.
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direction changes rather than breaking out, but actually to prevent the shank's weight from disrupting the fluke's orientation while setting. The hinge can wear out and may trap a sailor's fingers. Some later plough anchors have a rigid shank, such as the Lewmar's "Delta".
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headway. As the vessel gathers sternway the strain on the cable pivots the vessel around what is now the weather quarter turning the vessel onto the other tack. The anchor is then normally cut away (the ship's momentum prevents recovery without aborting the maneuver).
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For ships, a kedge may be dropped while a ship is underway, or carried out in a suitable direction by a tender or ship's boat to enable the ship to be winched off if aground or swung into a particular heading, or even to be held steady against a tidal or other stream.
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anchor begins to dig in and resist backward force, the engine may be throttled up to get a thorough set. If the anchor continues to drag, or sets after having dragged too far, it should be retrieved and moved back to the desired position (or another location chosen.)
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Historically, it was of particular relevance to sailing warships that used them to outmaneuver opponents when the wind had dropped but might be used by any vessel in confined, shoal water to place it in a more desirable position, provided she had enough manpower.
831:, but needs to be lifted only occasionally, at most – for example, only if the vessel is to be towed into port for maintenance. An alternative to using an anchor under these circumstances, especially if the anchor need never be lifted at all, may be to use a
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anchor. It is used occasionally when it is necessary to limit the turning circle as the yacht swings when it is anchored, such as in a narrow river or a deep pool in an otherwise shallow area. Kedge anchors are sometimes used to recover vessels that have
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When using a rope rode, there is a simple way to estimate the scope: The ratio of bow height of the rode to length of rode above the water while lying back hard on the anchor is the same or less than the scope ratio. The basis for this is simple geometry
1037:("polyprop") is not suited to rodes because it floats and is much weaker than nylon, being barely stronger than natural fibres. Some grades of polypropylene break down in sunlight and become hard, weak, and unpleasant to handle. Natural fibres such as
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An anchor frequently appears on the flags and coats of arms of institutions involved with the sea, both naval and commercial, as well as of port cities and seacoast regions and provinces in various countries. There also exists in heraldry the
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506:. As new designs with greater holding-power-to-weight ratios were sought, a great variety of anchor designs have emerged. Many of these designs are still under patent, and other types are best known by their original trademarked names.
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coarse sand bottoms lack. The holding power of this anchor is at best about twice its weight until it becomes buried, when it can be as much as ten times its weight. They are available in sizes from about 5 kg up to several tons.
419:(probably 10th century) used a fluked anchor of this type, made of iron, which would have had a wooden stock mounted perpendicular to the shank and flukes to make the flukes contact the bottom at a suitable angle to hook or penetrate.
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Permanent anchors come in a wide range of types and have no standard form. A slab of rock with an iron staple in it to attach a chain to would serve the purpose, as would any dense object of appropriate weight (for instance, an
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was afterwards introduced for the construction of anchors, and an improvement was made by forming them with teeth, or "flukes", to fasten themselves into the bottom. This is the iconic anchor shape most familiar to non-sailors.
1422:, a stylized cross in the shape of an anchor. The symbol can be used to signify 'fresh start' or 'hope'. The New Testament refers to the Christian's hope as "an anchor of the soul". The Mariner's Cross is also referred to as
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slowly around the location of the anchor also helps dislodge it. Anchors are sometimes fitted with a trip line attached to the crown, by which they can be unhooked from rocks, coral, chain, or other underwater hazards.
747:: This is an innovative spade design that dispenses with a roll-bar. Made primarily of stainless steel, its main arm is hollow, while the fluke tip has lead within it. It is similar in appearance to the Spade anchor.
691:: This German-designed bow anchor has a sharp tip for penetrating weed, and features a roll-bar that allows the correct setting attitude to be achieved without the need for extra weight to be inserted into the tip.
1013:, can be used for kedging or warping in addition to temporary mooring and restraining stern movement in tidal conditions or in waters where vessel movement needs to be restricted, such as rivers and channels.
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The vessel now swings in the middle of two anchors, which is acceptable in strong reversing currents, but a wind perpendicular to the current may break out the anchors, as they are not aligned for this load.
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to the rode. There is a school of thought that says these should not be connected to the anchor itself, but should be somewhere in the chain. However, most skippers connect the swivel directly to the anchor.
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but has a much higher fluke area to weight ratio than its predecessor. The designers also eliminated the sometimes troublesome hinge. It is a plough anchor with a rigid, arched shank. It is described as
783:. It has a divided concave large area fluke arrangement and a shank in high tensile steel. A roll bar similar to the Rocna gives fast setting and a holding power of about 40 times anchor weight.
314:) and large ship's anchors derive a significant portion of their holding power from their weight, while also hooking or embedding in the bottom. Modern anchors for smaller vessels have metal
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Bruce anchors can have difficulty penetrating weedy bottoms and grass. They offer a fairly low holding-power-to-weight ratio and generally have to be oversized to compete with newer types.
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Originally designed as a lightweight anchor for seaplanes, this design consists of two plough-like blades mounted to a shank, with a folding stock crossing through the crown of the anchor.
388:, anchors were formed of stone, and Athenaeus states that they were also sometimes made of wood. Such anchors held the vessel merely by their weight and by their friction along the bottom.
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A couple of online calculators exist to work out the amount of chain and rope needed to achieve a (possibly nearly) horizontal pull at the anchor shank, and the associated anchor load.
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It is shaped like an inverted mushroom, the head becoming buried in the silt. A counterweight is often provided at the other end of the shank to lay it down before it becomes buried.
162:, and are rarely moved; a specialist service is normally needed to move or maintain them. Vessels carry one or more temporary anchors, which may be of different designs and weights.
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the bottom like a shovel, and dig deeper as more pressure is applied. The common challenge with all the scoop type anchors is that they set so well, they can be difficult to weigh.
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Weight for weight, augers have a higher holding than other permanent designs, and so can be cheap and relatively easily installed, although difficult to set in extremely soft mud.
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securely wired or moused. Either galvanized or stainless steel is suitable for eyes and shackles, galvanised steel being the stronger of the two. Some skippers prefer to add a
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century, numerous modifications were attempted to alleviate these problems, as well as improve holding power, including one-armed mooring anchors. The most successful of these
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the arms parallel to the seabed. As a strain comes onto the rope, the stock digs into the bottom, canting the anchor until one of the flukes catches and digs into the bottom.
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In yachts, a kedge anchor is an anchor carried in addition to the main, or bower anchors, and usually stowed aft. Every yacht should carry at least two anchors – the main or
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806:: This is a unique design featuring three flukes instead of the usual two. It has performed well in tests by independent sources such as American boating magazine
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Colored plastic inserts on a modern anchor chain show the operator how much chain has been paid out. This knowledge is crucial in all anchoring methods.
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The stockless anchor, patented in
England in 1821, represented the first significant departure in anchor design in centuries. Although their holding-
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the end of the anchor cable, and is dropped and set. A swivel is attached to the middle of the anchor cable, and the vessel connected to that.
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lengthening the scope of the anchors, and adjusting the tension on the rodes. The anchors are usually laid in prearranged positions by an
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1072:): The ratio between two sides of a triangle stays the same regardless of the size of the triangle as long as the angles do not change.
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1161:). The vessel should continue to drift back, and the cable should be veered out under control (slowly) so it is relatively straight.
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2017:
Witherell, P.W.: ANCHOR TEST REPORT for NINE MOVABLE-FLUKE ANCHORS (31 pounds to 200 pounds) NAVSEA Rpt. No. 835-6269039, June 1989
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in the 1970s is a Danforth variant designed to give increased holding through its use of rounded flukes setting at a 30° angle.
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Thomas Brunton invented and patented in 1813 studded-link marine chain cable, which replaced hempen cables and is still in use.
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The Admiralty Pattern anchor, or simply "Admiralty", also known as a "Fisherman", consists of a central shank with a ring or
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attached to a swivel, so no matter which direction the vessel moves, one or more anchors are aligned to resist the force.
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or a combination of rope and chain. The ratio of the length of rode to the water depth is known as the scope (see below).
643:(NAVSEA) test and in an August 2014 holding power test that was conducted in the soft mud bottoms of the Chesapeake Bay.
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Until the mid-20th century, anchors for smaller vessels were either scaled-down versions of admiralty anchors, or simple
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The ancient Greeks used baskets of stones, large sacks filled with sand, and wooden logs filled with lead. According to
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1252:, Russia. He is leaning on an anchor, symbolic of his contributions to modernizing and expanding Russia's navy (1860)
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Handling and storage of these anchors requires special equipment and procedures. Once the anchor is hauled up to the
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describes an anchor when it is hanging on the rope and is not resting on the bottom. This is linked to the term
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431:
An Admiralty Pattern anchor; when deployed on the seafloor the stock forces one of its flukes into the bottom.
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is a drag device, not in contact with the seabed, used to minimise drift of a vessel relative to the water. A
2924:
1342:, meaning to lift the anchor from the sea bed, allowing the ship or boat to move. An anchor is described as
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20:
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Anchors come in a wide variety of shapes, types, and sizes for different conditions, functions and vessels.
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Massive anchor chain for large ships. The weight of the chain is vital for proper holding of the anchor.
34:
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1426:, in reference to the way this saint was killed (being tied to an anchor and thrown from a boat into the
373:
The earliest anchors were probably rocks, and many rock anchors have been found dating from at least the
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A traditional design, the grapnel is merely a shank (no stock) with four or more tines, also known as a
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The mushroom anchor is suitable where the seabed is composed of silt or fine sand. It was invented by
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These are used where the vessel is permanently or semi-permanently sited, for example in the case of
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2511:
Hinz, Earl R.; The Complete Book of Anchoring and Mooring, first ed., 1986, Cornell Maritime Press;
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There are techniques of anchoring to limit the swing of a vessel if the anchorage has limited room:
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Many manufacturers produce a plough-type anchor, so-named after its resemblance to an agricultural
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The Bruce anchor was an evolutionary improvement in its day. It is most effective in larger sizes.
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Device used to secure a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting
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a part of good anchoring gear, and a skilled mariner would not choose to anchor without them.
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Anchors can either be temporary or permanent. Permanent anchors are used in the creation of a
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1870:
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578:, later rebranded as 'secure' by Lewmar), a 1933 design patented in the UK by mathematician
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before a storm in a following or overtaking sea, or when crossing a bar in a breaking sea.
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Safety in Small Craft. Ch 2. Royal NZ Coastguard Federation. Mike Scanlan. Auckland. 1994
459:, the ring end is hoisted up to the end of a timber projecting from the bow known as the
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989:
are the main anchors used by a vessel and normally carried at the bow of the vessel. A
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In 1887, the Delta Gamma Fraternity adopted the anchor as its badge to signify hope.
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1985:
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American Richard Danforth invented the Danforth Anchor in the 1940s for use aboard
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827:. The anchor needs to hold the vessel in all weathers, including the most severe
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2904:
1853:
Batchelor, G. K. (1986). "Geoffrey Ingram Taylor, 7 March 1886 – 27 June 1975".
1265:
is a technique for moving or turning a ship by using a relatively light anchor.
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Hence they can be difficult to install in deep water without special equipment.
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1511: – Drag device used to stabilize a boat in heavy weather and reduce drift
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hawsepipes, and the flukes against the hull (or inside a recess in the hull).
416:
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110:
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2574:
General Principles of Working a Ship, from The New Practical Navigator (1814)
2302:
1961:
Handbook of Offshore Cruising: The Dream and Reality of Modern Ocean Cruising
1311:, and the moored vessel uses its own winches to adjust position and tension.
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Being strong and elastic, nylon rope is the most suitable as an anchor rode.
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hook that, without a trip line from the crown, it is impossible to retrieve.
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The elements of anchoring gear include the anchor, the cable (also called a
972:
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456:
2816:; 3rd ed. New York, 1848.--6th ed. New York, 1852.--9th ed. New York, 1857.
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2192:"An Inquiry into Anchor Angles: Comparing fluke angle and setting ability"
1787:
365:
3325:
3320:
3169:
3109:
3079:
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Pimbley's Dictionary of Heraldry: Together with an Illustrated Supplement
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An overview of offshore oil and gas exploration and production activities
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2599:(Report). Department of Trade and Industry, UK. August 2001. p. 8.
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when it has been broken out of the bottom and is being hauled up to be
460:
436:
318:
that hook on to rocks on the bottom or bury themselves in soft seabed.
87:
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The Danforth is a light, versatile, highly popular fluke-style anchor.
93:
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1940:
1394:'s association with the sea symbolized by her holding a large anchor
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Practical Sailor: "Anchor Reset Tests", Belvoir Pubs, January 2001
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was being constructed. It was equipped with a 1.5-ton example.
2089:
Ginsberg-Klemmt, Erika & Achim, and Poiraud, Alain (2007)
1813:"How to Choose the Right Boat Anchor Types – Active Fisherman"
1089:
184:
2180:
Lowe, Colin: "Gear Test: Rocna Anchor", Boating NZ, July 2006
2068:
1843:
Bulletin of the Institute of Mathematics and Its Applications
779:: This is produced in Scotland and was invented by Professor
150:
144:
1487: – Automatic ship station- and heading-holding systems
306:
Anchors achieve holding power either by "hooking" into the
2611:"To deploy or not to deploy Trip Lines (aka Anchor Buoys)"
2529:"Major danger of anchoring a fishing boat from the stern?"
1105: with: explain the function of scope. You can help by
1080:
is crowded, a longer scope always reduces shock stresses.
1366:, whether or not the vessel is moving through the water.
659:
This claw-shaped anchor was designed by Peter Bruce from
2733:
The Complete Book of Anchoring and Mooring, Rev. 2d ed.,
2719:
Sailing as a Second Language: An illustrated dictionary,
1430:
in 102). Anchored crosses are occasionally a feature of
26:"Anchoring" redirects here. For the cognitive bias, see
2318:
Safe Skipper: A practical guide to managing risk at sea
1900:, G. I. Taylor, "Anchor", issued 1934-09-25
1498:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1489:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1106:
1322:(CALM) used for loading and unloading liquid cargoes.
1986:"Patent EP0990584A1 – Marine anchor of the flat type"
1739:"Art in the Park – Iron Stock Trotman Anchor (DA 64)"
570:. All such anchors are copied from the original CQR (
173:
is a drag device used to slow or help steer a vessel
2789:
Cruising World's Guide to Seamanship: Hold me tight,
1496: – Nautical term meaning to entangle or entwine
33:"Boat anchor" redirects here. For the metaphor, see
3241:
411:This form has been used since antiquity. The Roman
215:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2555:Professional Recollections on Points of Seamanship
940:as the Stevmanta are used for permanent moorings.
2315:Jollands, Simon; Holmes, Rupert (12 March 2015).
415:of the 1st century AD used this form. The Viking
1941:"Delta® Anchors – Stainless steel | Lewmar"
1314:Similar arrangements are used for some types of
2763:; 1995 Pardey Books/Paradise Cay Publications;
1481: – Coins for British colonies in 1820/1822
887:, for use by an 82-ton converted fishing boat,
2803:The Kedge-anchor; Or, Young Sailors' Assistant
1724:Ladby: A Danish Ship-Grave from the Viking Age
3221:
2877:
2400:"To Swivel or to Twist, That is The Question"
1434:in which context they are referred to by the
8:
2834:. Vol. II (9th ed.). pp. 3–8.
2791:1992 New York Times Sports/Leisure Magazines
2457:Admiralty Manual Of Seamanship, Vol 1, 1964.
1042:material and partly of the rope structure.
321:The vessel is attached to the anchor by the
676:anchor were patented, copies of it abound.
134:
3228:
3214:
3206:
2884:
2870:
2862:
1700:Johnstone, Paul and McGrail, Seán (1989).
1402:An anchor pictured in the coat of arms of
1172:Using an anchor weight, kellet or sentinel
481:The action of a stockless anchor being set
121:to prevent the craft from drifting due to
2735:1986, 1994, 2001 Cornell Maritime Press;
2343:"The Anchor Rode – Making the Connection"
275:Learn how and when to remove this message
1660:
1658:
1505: – Type of marine mooring component
2812:. New York, Taylor and Clement, 1841.--
1841:(1974). "The history of an invention".
1545:
1358:, which describes a vessel that is not
985:Vessels may carry a number of anchors:
2846:Anchor Tests: Soft Sand Over Hard Sand
2190:Nicholson, Darrell (13 January 2017).
1600:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
847:). Modern moorings may be anchored by
2705:Happy Hooking – the Art of Anchoring,
2321:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 74.
1958:Jim Howard; Charles J. Doane (2000).
1777:, 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, pp. 377–8.
1559:(18th ed.), Wiley, p. 271,
7:
2747:Cruising Under Sail, second edition,
2647:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1964:. Sheridan House, Inc. p. 312.
1929:from the original on 9 October 2022.
1684:"Understanding anchorages in Canada"
1628:from the original on 9 October 2022.
1386:A 1914 Russian poster depicting the
1005:quickly or in benign conditions. A
851:, which look and act like oversized
213:adding citations to reliable sources
2810:The Naval Apprentice's Kedge Anchor
1518:", United States Navy marching song
291:A stockless anchor being broken out
2136:Rubicon 3 Training & Adventure
1009:, which is usually heavier than a
49:ship's anchor and chain on display
14:
2775:The Annapolis Book of Seamanship,
2707:2008, 2011, 2019 White Seahorse;
1726:. Viking Ship Museum. p. 52.
1651:from the original on 6 July 2014.
1001:, or more commonly on yachts for
755:A Vulcan anchor, by Rocna Anchors
2669:Pimbley, Arthur Francis (1908).
2641:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
2067:. 16 August 2019. Archived from
1917:"cqr-plow-anchor-us-patent-1934"
1527:
1093:
189:
2777:1983, 1989 Simon and Schuster;
2091:The Complete Anchoring Handbook
1770:The New Encyclopædia Britannica
960:Naval anchor incorporated into
868:Mushroom anchor (right) on the
200:needs additional citations for
2749:1965 Oxford University Press;
2638:"The Anchor (as Symbol)"
1134:Anchor winch, or windlass, on
895:between 1807 and 1810 near to
631:The FOB HP anchor designed in
140:, which itself comes from the
105:is a device, normally made of
1:
3236:Seamanship (seafaring) topics
2703:Blackwell, Alex & Daria;
2434:"A Simple Way to Check Scope"
1895:A US patent followed in 1934
1737:Conley, Rachel (2 May 2013).
1614:Idzikowski, Jerzy T. (2001).
1194:(Not to be mistaken with the
311:
2111:Tout savoir sur le mouillage
1775:Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.
1641:"Selecting the Right Anchor"
1370:is also often confused with
1354:should not be confused with
1272:anchor and a second lighter
444:late 1830s and early 1840s.
151:
3301:Ship-to-ship cargo transfer
2615:cruising.coastalboating.net
2438:cruising.coastalboating.net
2404:features.coastalboating.net
2347:cruising.coastalboating.net
2161:cruising.coastalboating.net
2157:"Modern Scoop-type Anchors"
2028:"The Fine Art of Anchoring"
1702:The sea-craft of prehistory
1639:Burden, Tom (28 May 2020).
1320:catenary anchor leg mooring
993:is a light anchor used for
538:Designed by yacht designer
333:). It can be made of rope,
3423:
2721:1988 Highmark Publishing;
2130:admin (12 December 2023).
1855:Journal of Fluid Mechanics
1666:"Seabed – where to anchor"
715:A galvanised Rocna Anchor
470:
358:
145:
32:
25:
18:
3336:Man overboard rescue turn
2900:
2801:William N. Brady (1864).
2687:"Our Story – Delta Gamma"
2484:"Anchor Chain Calculator"
2093:, Ragged Mountain Press,
1875:10.1017/S0022112086001040
1556:Knights Modern Seamanship
1503:Offshore embedded anchors
641:Naval Sea Systems Command
2635:Maurice Hassett (1913).
2553:Liardet, Francis (1849)
2469:"Anchor Rode Calculator"
2251:"Performance Comparison"
1302:Multiple anchor patterns
1211:Similar to the above, a
400:Anchor of the Ladby Ship
129:. The word derives from
3392:Sailing ship components
2925:Apparent wind indicator
2831:Encyclopædia Britannica
2822:Morley, Thomas (1878).
2759:Pardey, Lin and Larry;
2560:29 October 2010 at the
2499:"Tuning an Anchor Rode"
1722:Sørensen, Anne (2001).
1602:A Greek-English Lexicon
788:Other temporary anchors
355:Evolution of the anchor
21:Anchor (disambiguation)
2852:The Big Anchor Project
2579:20 August 2004 at the
2293:. INAMAR. acegroup.com
2132:"How to Anchor a Boat"
2109:Poiraud, Alain (2003)
1410:
1406:, the capital city of
1395:
1374:, which is incorrect.
1253:
1149:
1141:
975:
953:
891:, which was used as a
880:
772:
756:
732:
716:
700:
656:
617:
590:that dig ever deeper.
580:Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
563:
519:
482:
432:
401:
370:
303:
292:
135:
98:
90:
71:
50:
35:Boat anchor (metaphor)
3402:Watercraft components
2644:Catholic Encyclopedia
2564:, Discipline, &c.
2289:20 March 2012 at the
2113:, Loisirs Nautiques,
2047:U.S. patent 4,397,256
2005:U.S. patent 5,154,133
1898:US patent 1974933
1704:. London: Routledge.
1670:www.sailingissues.com
1588:, Oxford Dictionaries
1456:) is represented by:
1454:Miscellaneous Symbols
1401:
1390:of World War I, with
1385:
1243:
1147:
1133:
959:
951:
867:
770:
754:
730:
714:
698:
654:
615:
572:Coastal Quick Release
561:
540:L. Francis Herreshoff
517:
510:Grapnel anchor / drag
487:power-to-weight ratio
480:
430:
399:
368:
361:History of the anchor
298:
290:
96:
77:
56:
45:
3382:Nautical terminology
2211:Ultra Marine Anchors
2205:s.r.o, CloudSailor.
1616:"Anchoring practice"
1522:Anchorage (maritime)
1452:The Unicode anchor (
1316:single buoy moorings
1126:Anchoring techniques
647:Bruce or claw anchor
386:Stephen of Byzantium
209:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
3387:Sailboat components
2808:First published as
2773:Rousmaniere, John;
2761:The Capable Cruiser
2583:. psych.usyd.edu.au
2194:. Practical Sailor.
2071:on 20 November 2021
1867:1986JFM...173....1B
1424:St. Clement's Cross
576:Clyde Quick Release
562:A CQR plough anchor
109:, used to secure a
78:Memorial anchor in
3286:Naval architecture
2745:Hiscock, Eric C.;
1749:on 6 November 2020
1743:marinersmuseum.org
1553:Noel, J V (1989),
1411:
1396:
1254:
1150:
1142:
976:
954:
935:High-holding-types
881:
823:or channel marker
773:
757:
733:
717:
701:
671:Scoop type anchors
657:
618:
564:
520:
498:Small boat anchors
483:
433:
402:
382:Apollonius Rhodius
371:
304:
299:Holding ground in
293:
99:
91:
72:
51:
3364:
3363:
3203:
3202:
2857:Anchor comparison
2848:—Practical-Sailor
2787:Smith, Everrett;
2328:978-1-4729-1548-1
2061:"The Best Anchor"
2002:Hallerberg, Don,
1971:978-1-57409-093-2
1710:978-0-415-02635-2
1566:978-0-471-28948-7
1534:Oceans portal
1224:Backing an anchor
1198:, below.) In the
1123:
1122:
1070:Intercept Theorem
995:warping an anchor
839:into the seabed.
815:Permanent anchors
554:CQR plough anchor
534:Herreshoff anchor
285:
284:
277:
259:
3414:
3377:Heraldic charges
3311:Passage planning
3271:Maritime studies
3230:
3223:
3216:
3207:
2980:Carpenter's walk
2886:
2879:
2872:
2863:
2835:
2827:
2814:The Kedge-anchor
2691:
2690:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2666:
2660:
2655:
2649:
2648:
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2632:
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2525:
2519:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2482:Mathias Wagner.
2479:
2473:
2472:
2467:Bjarne Knudsen.
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2266:
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2263:
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2247:
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2240:
2238:
2236:
2227:. Archived from
2225:"Vulcan website"
2221:
2215:
2214:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2153:
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1893:
1887:
1886:
1850:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1819:. 2 January 2015
1817:Active Fisherman
1809:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1788:"Grapnel anchor"
1784:
1778:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1745:. Archived from
1734:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1713:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1662:
1653:
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1589:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1550:
1532:
1531:
1499:
1490:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1378:Anchor as symbol
1230:tandem anchoring
1118:
1115:
1097:
1090:
997:, also known as
885:Robert Stevenson
808:Practical Sailor
518:A grapnel anchor
473:Stockless anchor
467:Stockless anchor
423:Admiralty anchor
312:mushroom anchors
280:
273:
269:
266:
260:
258:
217:
193:
185:
154:
148:
147:
138:
69:Brittany, France
28:Anchoring effect
3422:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3237:
3234:
3204:
3199:
3115:Quarter gallery
2920:Anchor windlass
2896:
2890:
2842:
2821:
2798:
2796:Further reading
2731:Hinz, Earl R.;
2717:Edwards, Fred;
2700:
2695:
2694:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2668:
2667:
2663:
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2652:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2581:Wayback Machine
2572:
2568:
2562:Wayback Machine
2552:
2548:
2538:
2536:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2510:
2506:
2497:Alain Fraysse.
2496:
2495:
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2466:
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2461:
2456:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2372:. January 2001.
2366:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2349:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2329:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2301:
2297:
2291:Wayback Machine
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2259:
2257:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2232:
2231:on 8 March 2019
2223:
2222:
2218:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2179:
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2165:
2163:
2155:
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2124:
2108:
2104:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2008:13 October 1992
2003:
2001:
1997:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1852:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1822:
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1811:
1810:
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1796:
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1785:
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1766:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1699:
1695:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1625:
1618:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1526:
1497:
1488:
1475:
1466:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1420:Mariner's Cross
1380:
1340:to weigh anchor
1328:
1326:Weighing anchor
1304:
1295:
1246:Peter the Great
1238:
1226:
1209:
1192:
1183:
1174:
1159:anchor windlass
1128:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1103:needs expansion
1057:
1023:
946:
937:
925:
916:
862:
817:
790:
673:
649:
610:
608:Danforth anchor
596:
556:
548:
546:Northill anchor
536:
512:
500:
475:
469:
425:
394:
363:
357:
352:
343:
325:(also called a
281:
270:
264:
261:
218:
216:
206:
194:
183:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3420:
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3410:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3369:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3306:Propeller walk
3303:
3298:
3293:
3291:Ship stability
3288:
3283:
3281:Nautical terms
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Ice navigation
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3210:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
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3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3070:Keel (Canting)
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
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2897:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2841:
2840:External links
2838:
2837:
2836:
2825:"Anchor"
2819:
2818:
2817:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2785:
2771:
2757:
2743:
2729:
2715:
2713:978-1795717410
2699:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2678:
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2650:
2627:
2602:
2585:
2566:
2546:
2520:
2504:
2489:
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2459:
2450:
2425:
2416:
2391:
2375:
2369:Cruising World
2359:
2334:
2327:
2307:
2295:
2276:
2267:
2242:
2216:
2197:
2182:
2173:
2148:
2122:
2102:
2082:
2052:
2044:Bruce, Peter,
2037:
2019:
2010:
1995:
1977:
1970:
1950:
1945:www.lewmar.com
1932:
1908:
1888:
1830:
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1538:
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1536:
1524:
1519:
1516:Anchors Aweigh
1512:
1506:
1500:
1491:
1485:Digital anchor
1482:
1479:Anchor coinage
1474:
1471:
1416:Anchored Cross
1388:Triple Entente
1379:
1376:
1327:
1324:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1237:
1234:
1228:Also known as
1225:
1222:
1208:
1205:
1191:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1100:
1098:
1056:
1053:
1022:
1019:
945:
944:Anchoring gear
942:
936:
933:
924:
921:
915:
912:
861:
858:
816:
813:
812:
811:
801:
798:Norfolk Broads
789:
786:
785:
784:
765:
764:
749:
748:
741:
740:
725:
724:
709:
708:
693:
692:
672:
669:
648:
645:
609:
606:
601:self-launching
595:
592:
555:
552:
547:
544:
535:
532:
511:
508:
499:
496:
471:Main article:
468:
465:
450:patent anchors
424:
421:
393:
392:Fluked anchors
390:
359:Main article:
356:
353:
351:
348:
342:
341:Holding ground
339:
301:Akaroa Harbour
283:
282:
197:
195:
188:
182:
179:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3419:
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3383:
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3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Hydrodynamics
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
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3269:
3267:
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3208:
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3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3155:Stern or poop
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
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3056:
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3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
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2951:
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2946:
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2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2875:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2784:
2783:0-671-67447-1
2780:
2776:
2772:
2770:
2769:0-9646036-2-4
2766:
2762:
2758:
2756:
2755:0-19-217522-X
2752:
2748:
2744:
2742:
2741:0-87033-539-1
2738:
2734:
2730:
2728:
2727:0-87742-965-0
2724:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2654:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2639:
2631:
2628:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2535:. 28 May 2021
2534:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2517:0-87033-348-8
2514:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2493:
2490:
2485:
2478:
2475:
2470:
2463:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2388:. March 2005.
2387:
2386:
2379:
2376:
2371:
2370:
2363:
2360:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2311:
2308:
2305:, wordnik.com
2304:
2303:Stream Anchor
2299:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2285:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2230:
2226:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2193:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:2-914423-46-2
2116:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2099:0-07-147508-7
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2050:9 August 1983
2048:
2041:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1839:Taylor, G. I.
1834:
1831:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1793:
1792:AceBoater.com
1789:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1718:
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1617:
1610:
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1599:
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1579:
1568:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1546:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1495:
1494:Fouled anchor
1492:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1455:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1432:coats of arms
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1362:to a dock or
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1309:anchor tender
1301:
1299:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:Bahamian moor
1207:Bahamian moor
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:bow and stern
1197:
1196:Bahamian moor
1190:Bow and stern
1189:
1187:
1180:
1178:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1154:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1117:
1108:
1104:
1101:This section
1099:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:Polypropylene
1032:
1027:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1007:stream anchor
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
987:bower anchors
983:
981:
974:
970:
966:
965:
958:
950:
943:
941:
934:
932:
929:
922:
920:
913:
911:
907:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
878:
874:
873:
866:
859:
857:
854:
850:
846:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
814:
809:
805:
802:
799:
795:
792:
791:
787:
782:
778:
775:
774:
769:
762:
759:
758:
753:
746:
743:
742:
738:
735:
734:
731:Mantus anchor
729:
722:
719:
718:
713:
706:
703:
702:
697:
690:
686:
683:
682:
681:
677:
670:
668:
665:
662:
653:
646:
644:
642:
636:
634:
629:
625:
623:
622:landing craft
614:
607:
605:
602:
593:
591:
587:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
560:
553:
551:
545:
543:
541:
533:
531:
527:
525:
516:
509:
507:
505:
497:
495:
491:
488:
479:
474:
466:
464:
462:
458:
453:
451:
445:
441:
438:
429:
422:
420:
418:
414:
409:
406:
398:
391:
389:
387:
383:
378:
376:
367:
362:
354:
349:
347:
340:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
302:
297:
289:
279:
276:
268:
257:
254:
250:
247:
243:
240:
236:
233:
229:
226: –
225:
221:
220:Find sources:
214:
210:
204:
203:
198:This article
196:
192:
187:
186:
180:
178:
176:
172:
168:
163:
161:
156:
153:
143:
139:
137:
132:
128:
124:
120:
119:body of water
116:
112:
108:
104:
95:
89:
85:
81:
80:Kirjurinluoto
76:
70:
67:, north-west
66:
62:
61:
55:
48:
44:
40:
36:
29:
22:
3397:Ship anchors
3350:
3316:Maritime law
3256:Watchkeeping
3135:Ship's wheel
3000:Companionway
2914:
2894:sailing ship
2829:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2788:
2774:
2760:
2746:
2732:
2718:
2704:
2698:Bibliography
2681:
2675:. p. 3.
2671:
2664:
2658:Hebrews 6:19
2653:
2642:
2630:
2618:. Retrieved
2614:
2605:
2588:
2569:
2549:
2537:. Retrieved
2533:pontoony.com
2532:
2523:
2507:
2492:
2477:
2462:
2453:
2441:. Retrieved
2437:
2428:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2403:
2394:
2385:MotorBoating
2384:
2378:
2368:
2362:
2350:. Retrieved
2346:
2337:
2317:
2310:
2298:
2279:
2270:
2258:. Retrieved
2255:Knox Anchors
2254:
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2229:the original
2219:
2210:
2200:
2185:
2176:
2164:. Retrieved
2160:
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2135:
2125:
2110:
2105:
2090:
2085:
2073:. Retrieved
2069:the original
2064:
2055:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2013:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1960:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1911:
1891:
1858:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1833:
1821:. Retrieved
1816:
1807:
1795:. Retrieved
1791:
1782:
1768:
1767:"anchor" in
1763:
1751:. Retrieved
1747:the original
1742:
1732:
1723:
1717:
1701:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1644:
1634:
1609:
1604:, on Perseus
1601:
1593:
1581:
1570:, retrieved
1555:
1548:
1451:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1412:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1313:
1305:
1296:
1293:Club hauling
1287:
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1107:adding to it
1102:
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1024:
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1011:kedge anchor
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991:kedge anchor
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963:
938:
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845:engine block
841:
821:lightvessels
818:
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760:
744:
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720:
704:
699:Spade anchor
688:
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678:
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626:
619:
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597:
594:Delta anchor
588:
584:
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219:
207:Please help
202:verification
199:
164:
157:
133:
102:
100:
58:
39:
3321:Dry-docking
3120:Quarterdeck
3010:Daggerboard
3005:Crow's nest
2985:Centreboard
2955:Bow or prow
2905:Aftercastle
2892:Parts of a
2620:26 December
2443:26 December
2409:26 December
2352:26 December
2166:26 December
2141:12 December
2065:Refit Guide
1773:. Chicago:
1753:2 September
1645:West Marine
1572:15 February
1318:, like the
1279:run aground
1181:Forked moor
1114:August 2021
1021:Anchor rode
899:whilst the
893:lightvessel
800:in England.
777:Knox Anchor
771:Knox Anchor
265:August 2020
60:Amoco Cadiz
3371:Categories
3356:Sea anchor
3251:Navigation
3243:Seamanship
3090:Orlop deck
3025:Forecastle
3020:Figurehead
2950:Boom brake
2940:Bilgeboard
2032:boatus.com
1849:: 367–368.
1540:References
1509:Sea anchor
1244:Statue of
1153:to swing.
1138:Polarstern
967:memorial,
962:HMAS
914:Deadweight
901:lighthouse
879:, Virginia
877:Portsmouth
872:Portsmouth
870:lightship
794:Mud weight
685:Bügelanker
417:Ladby ship
413:Nemi ships
375:Bronze Age
235:newspapers
167:sea anchor
57:Anchor of
3351:Anchoring
3190:Whipstaff
3160:Sternpost
3150:Starboard
3100:Poop deck
3095:Outrigger
2910:Afterdeck
1990:google.de
1883:123337875
1851:Cited by
1428:Black Sea
1404:Mariehamn
1392:Britannia
1356:under way
1334:The term
1078:anchorage
1031:Polyester
973:Australia
897:Bell Rock
781:John Knox
604:bottoms.
457:hawsepipe
47:Stockless
3326:Ropework
3266:Pilotage
3170:Taffrail
3110:Porthole
3080:Leeboard
3055:Jackline
2960:Bowsprit
2930:Beakhead
2577:Archived
2558:Archived
2287:Archived
2284:Moorings
2207:"Anchor"
2075:22 March
1924:Archived
1861:: 1–14.
1688:tc.gc.ca
1649:Archived
1623:Archived
1473:See also
1464:⚓
1436:heraldic
1364:anchored
1250:Voronezh
1136:RV
969:Canberra
964:Canberra
860:Mushroom
835:that is
804:Bulwagga
661:Scotland
633:Brittany
504:grapnels
224:"Anchor"
181:Overview
65:Portsall
3407:Weights
3346:Mooring
3341:Buoyage
3276:Sailing
3185:Transom
3060:Jibboom
3040:Gunwale
3035:Gangway
2995:Cockpit
2975:Cathead
2970:Capstan
2539:20 June
2260:10 July
2235:7 March
1863:Bibcode
1712:, p.82.
1262:warping
1257:Kedging
1236:Kedging
1003:mooring
999:kedging
461:cathead
437:shackle
350:History
249:scholar
175:running
160:mooring
127:current
113:to the
88:Finland
3175:Tiller
3165:Strake
3130:Rudder
3075:Kelson
2990:Chains
2915:Anchor
2781:
2767:
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2739:
2725:
2711:
2515:
2325:
2117:
2097:
1968:
1904:
1881:
1823:18 May
1797:18 May
1708:
1598:ἄγκυρα
1586:anchor
1563:
1467:ANCHOR
1461:
1459:U+2693
1440:anchry
1438:terms
1418:", or
1368:Aweigh
1360:moored
1352:Aweigh
1348:stowed
1344:aweigh
1336:aweigh
1048:swivel
1039:manila
889:Pharos
853:screws
849:augers
837:driven
761:Vulcan
737:Mantus
568:plough
316:flukes
308:seabed
251:
244:
237:
230:
222:
171:drogue
152:ankȳra
146:ἄγκυρα
136:ancora
111:vessel
103:anchor
3331:Knots
3195:Winch
3030:Frame
2965:Cable
2945:Bitts
2935:Bilge
2597:(PDF)
1927:(PDF)
1920:(PDF)
1879:S2CID
1626:(PDF)
1619:(PDF)
1444:ancre
1408:Åland
1274:kedge
1270:bower
1055:Scope
923:Auger
829:storm
825:buoys
745:Ultra
721:Rocna
705:Spade
687:, or
574:, or
335:chain
329:or a
327:cable
256:JSTOR
242:books
142:Greek
131:Latin
117:of a
107:metal
3145:Stem
3140:Skeg
3105:Port
3085:Mast
3065:Keel
3050:Hull
3045:Head
3015:Deck
2779:ISBN
2765:ISBN
2751:ISBN
2737:ISBN
2723:ISBN
2709:ISBN
2622:2020
2541:2021
2513:ISBN
2445:2020
2411:2020
2354:2020
2323:ISBN
2262:2017
2237:2019
2168:2020
2143:2023
2115:ISBN
2095:ISBN
2077:2022
1966:ISBN
1825:2016
1799:2016
1755:2020
1706:ISBN
1574:2024
1561:ISBN
1372:away
980:rode
833:pile
689:Wasi
524:drag
405:Iron
384:and
331:warp
323:rode
228:news
123:wind
84:Pori
3180:Top
3125:Rib
1871:doi
1859:173
1442:or
1259:or
1248:in
1109:.
875:at
211:by
155:).
125:or
115:bed
101:An
63:in
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971:,
582:.
165:A
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3229:e
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