264:. He was then assigned to the Sahara for two years, where he met the young Father Siméon Lourdel. After this he was assigned to Jerusalem as part of the first team of White Fathers in this city, where he remained for two years. He showed great ability for the study of languages and ancient documents. He was somewhat solitary and ascetic, and did not always fit well into the life of the community. In September 1880 he was named assistant general and returned to Algiers, where Cardinal
803:
815:
364:, superior of the White Fathers, who had noted his extreme physical and mental exhaustion. Toulotte resigned on 18 October 1897. He was succeeded by Hacquard. Toulotte retired to Rome, where he recovered his health while living an almost hermit-like life. Anatole-Joseph Toulotte died in Rome on 23 January 1907. He left a reputation of great sanctity.
791:
328:, and in 1894 was given permission to enter the Sudan from Senegal with a mission headed by a Frenchman. The Ministry of the Colonies issued the authorization on 9 November 1894 and on 25 December 1894 the first caravan, four White Fathers, left from Marseille. Hacquard was the leader of this group, which reached
414:
The Frères Armés du Sahara made their first appearance at the July 1891 ceremony where
Lavigerie consecrated Toulotte as coadjutor. This was a force of lay brothers dedicated to liberating and protecting slaves. They wore what has been called a "comic opera uniform", with a red cross on the chest and
271:
A few months later
Toulotte volunteered to leave in a planned caravan to Equatorial Africa. Lavigerie named him superior of the fourth caravan but then, perhaps due to shortage of personnel, cancelled this appointment and asked him to return to Jerusalem. Two years later in 1884 Toulotte was assigned
312:
Lavigerie died at
Algiers on 26 November 1892. Toulotte automatically became Vicar Apostolic after the cardinal's death. Toulotte was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Sahara and Sudan on 4 March 1893. His principal consecrator was Barthélemy Clément Combes, Bishop of Constantine. At this time the
215:. A solitary, ascetic person, he was not a natural leader and drove himself too hard without regard for his health. He retired in 1897 due to physical and mental exhaustion after a long trip in West Africa. He is known as coauthor of a monumental history of Christian Africa in ancient times.
384:, Description de l'Afrique du Nord. Musées et collections archéologiques de l'Algérie et de la Tunisie, vol. 17, d'après les manuscrits de Mgr Toulotte et les découvertes archéologiques les plus récentes ; par le P. J. Mesnage, Paris: E. Leroux, p. 592
300:
to head the apostolic vicariate, but the White
Fathers council had selected Toulotte due to his saintly reputation. Toulotte became Apostolic Administrator of Sahara and Sudan on 29 May 1891. On 2 June 1891 he was appointed Titular
390:
280:, with three other researchers. They were tasked with preparing publication of a monumental history of ancient Christian Africa. He continued this work in Rome in a new community established there in 1886.
236:, for his secondary education. He entered the Grand Seminary of Arras in 1871. He was inspired by a visit of Father FĂ©lix Charmetant and decided to become a missionary. He arrived in
880:
260:
and taught this language in the novitiate. In 1875 he was elected a member of the
General Council of the White Fathers, and was also given direction of the Arab novitiate or
772:
Mgr
Anatole-Joseph Toulotte : membre de l'Ă©quipe de fondation de Ste-Anne de JĂ©rusalem, successeur du cardinal Lavigerie comme vicaire apostolique du Sahara-Soudan
415:
a gold cross surmounted by a red plume on the helmet. The French press ridiculed and reviled the "Catholic brigands of the Sahara", who were disbanded in
October 1892.
296:. He left Rome to take up this position. Toulotte was a meticulous academic and a solitary ascetic, not a leader. The cardinal would have preferred the more outgoing
895:
850:
642:
203:
missionary who was Vicar
Apostolic of Sahara and Sudan from 1893 to 1897. Under his leadership the first White Fathers missions were established in the
910:
875:
352:
in what is now Guinea. He was ascetic and unsparing of his health, and at the end of this trip was exhausted and on the verge of a nervous breakdown.
920:
727:
662:
306:
43:
925:
360:
On his return to Europe
Toulotte said he wanted to retire. His request was immediately accepted by the Holy See on the advice of Bishop
870:
885:
905:
845:
930:
915:
781:
654:
Histoire des missionnaires d'Afrique (Pères blancs): de la fondation par Mgr
Lavigerie Ă la mort du fondateur (1868-1892)
890:
860:
900:
632:
865:
855:
233:
840:
835:
321:, Algeria, and travelled widely to visit the existing White Fathers missions and to found new ones.
289:
719:
Les Pères Blancs au temps de la conquête coloniale. Histoire des Missionnaires d'Afrique 1892-1914
807:
302:
723:
658:
652:
297:
265:
241:
97:
87:
717:
395:, vol. 1–4, Rennes / Montreuil-sur-Mer: impr. de Oberthur / Impr. de Notre-Dame des Prés
795:
361:
293:
631:
53:
42:
679:
829:
819:
637:
245:
200:
325:
204:
698:
613:
379:
345:
333:
318:
802:
592:
590:
244:, the future bishop, to begin his novitiate. He was ordained a priest of the
744:
646:, vol. 16 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 293–294
341:
337:
329:
314:
273:
229:
212:
208:
145:
344:
in 1896–97. The long trip of several months took him to the loop of the
349:
237:
257:
232:, Pas-de-Calais, in the diocese of Arras. He attended the college of
277:
163:
288:
The Apostolic Prefecture of the Sahara and the Sudan became an
596:
509:
507:
577:
575:
573:
389:
Toulotte, Anatole; Morcelli, Stefano Antonio (1892–1894),
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
453:
451:
774:, Rome: Société des Missionnaires d'Afrique, p. 68
494:
492:
490:
381:
L'Afrique chrétienne : évêchés et ruines antiques
228:
Anatole-Joseph Toulotte was born on 7 January 1852 in
779:
548:
546:
305:. He was ordained in the cathedral of Algiers in the
438:
436:
434:
432:
430:
428:
426:
186:
178:
170:
153:
131:
126:
116:
108:
103:
93:
83:
75:
67:
59:
49:
20:
618:(in French), BnF: Bibliotheque nationale de France
317:but none in the Sudan. Toulotte based himself at
199:(7 January 1852 – 23 January 1907) was a French
324:Toulotte decided to organize a mission in the
881:19th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Africa
513:
8:
680:"Bishop Anatole-Joseph Toulotte, M. Afr. †"
633:"Lavigerie, Charles Martial Allemand"
378:Mesnage, Joseph; Toulotte, Anatole (1912),
372:Publications by Anatole Toulotte include:
292:in 1891. Lavigerie appointed Toulotte the
41:
17:
703:Dictionary of African Christian Biography
749:(in French), Bry-sur-Marne: Pères Blancs
581:
469:
786:
743:Vanrenterghem, Joseph (February 2005),
564:
552:
537:
525:
498:
481:
422:
407:
442:
268:gave him direction of the novitiate.
240:in February 1873 with his co-student
7:
716:Shorter, Aylward (5 December 2011),
313:vicariate had five missions in the
36:Vicar Apostolic of Sahara and Sudan
851:French Roman Catholic missionaries
630:Barwick, George Frederick (1911),
597:Anatole Toulotte (1852-1907) – BnF
392:Géographie de l'Afrique chrétienne
336:on 1 April 1895. Toulotte visited
14:
678:Cheney, David M. (January 2018),
122:by Barthélemy Clément Combes
876:Roman Catholic bishops of Bamako
813:
801:
789:
722:(in French), KARTHALA Editions,
657:(in French), KARTHALA Editions,
896:Roman Catholic bishops of SĂ©gou
651:Ceillier, Jean-Claude (2008),
1:
921:French historians of religion
911:People from GhardaĂŻa Province
770:Jean-Claude Ceillier (2006),
746:MONSEIGNEUR AUGUSTIN HACQUARD
348:and to the Atlantic coast at
284:Apostolic vicariate (1891–97)
699:"Hacquard, Prosper Augustin"
615:Anatole Toulotte (1852-1907)
947:
926:Historians of Christianity
871:People from Pas-de-Calais
697:Shorter, Aylward (2003),
40:
35:
234:Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais
886:History of French Sudan
643:Encyclopædia Britannica
256:Toulotte perfected his
197:Anatole-Joseph Toulotte
148:, Pas-de-Calais, France
26:Anatole-Joseph Toulotte
906:Arabic-speaking people
356:Last years (1897–1907)
307:Archdiocese of Algiers
846:White Fathers priests
224:Early years (1852–74)
931:Historians of Africa
916:Bishops in Jerusalem
252:Missionary (1874–91)
248:on 24 October 1874.
891:History of Timbuktu
861:Explorers of Africa
528:, pp. 137–138.
290:apostolic vicariate
901:Christian ascetics
684:Catholic Hierarchy
514:Vanrenterghem 2005
303:Bishop of Thagaste
729:978-2-8111-5003-7
664:978-2-84586-983-7
309:on 12 July 1891.
298:Augustin Hacquard
266:Charles Lavigerie
194:
193:
98:Augustin Hacquard
88:Charles Lavigerie
938:
866:Apostolic vicars
856:French explorers
818:
817:
816:
806:
805:
794:
793:
792:
785:
775:
757:
756:
754:
739:
738:
736:
712:
711:
709:
693:
692:
690:
674:
673:
671:
647:
635:
626:
625:
623:
600:
594:
585:
579:
568:
562:
556:
550:
541:
535:
529:
523:
517:
511:
502:
496:
485:
479:
473:
467:
446:
440:
416:
412:
396:
385:
294:coadjutor bishop
160:
141:
139:
127:Personal details
63:Sahara and Sudan
45:
18:
946:
945:
941:
940:
939:
937:
936:
935:
826:
825:
824:
814:
812:
800:
790:
788:
780:
778:
769:
765:
763:Further reading
760:
752:
750:
742:
734:
732:
730:
715:
707:
705:
696:
688:
686:
677:
669:
667:
665:
650:
629:
621:
619:
612:
608:
603:
595:
588:
580:
571:
563:
559:
551:
544:
536:
532:
524:
520:
512:
505:
497:
488:
480:
476:
468:
449:
441:
424:
420:
419:
413:
409:
404:
399:
388:
377:
370:
358:
286:
254:
226:
221:
162:
158:
157:23 January 1907
149:
143:
137:
135:
121:
79:18 October 1897
54:Catholic Church
31:
28:
27:
24:
23:
12:
11:
5:
944:
942:
934:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
828:
827:
823:
822:
810:
798:
777:
776:
766:
764:
761:
759:
758:
740:
728:
713:
694:
675:
663:
648:
638:Chisholm, Hugh
627:
609:
607:
604:
602:
601:
586:
584:, p. 162.
569:
557:
542:
530:
518:
503:
486:
474:
472:, p. 161.
447:
421:
418:
417:
406:
405:
403:
400:
398:
397:
386:
374:
369:
366:
357:
354:
285:
282:
262:Petit Noviciat
253:
250:
242:LĂ©once Bridoux
225:
222:
220:
217:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
172:
168:
167:
161:(aged 55)
155:
151:
150:
144:
142:7 January 1852
133:
129:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
38:
37:
33:
32:
29:
25:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
943:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
831:
821:
811:
809:
804:
799:
797:
787:
783:
773:
768:
767:
762:
748:
747:
741:
731:
725:
721:
720:
714:
704:
700:
695:
685:
681:
676:
666:
660:
656:
655:
649:
645:
644:
639:
634:
628:
617:
616:
611:
610:
605:
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
582:Ceillier 2008
578:
576:
574:
570:
567:, p. 64.
566:
561:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
534:
531:
527:
522:
519:
515:
510:
508:
504:
501:, p. 14.
500:
495:
493:
491:
487:
484:, p. 65.
483:
478:
475:
471:
470:Ceillier 2008
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
454:
452:
448:
444:
439:
437:
435:
433:
431:
429:
427:
423:
411:
408:
401:
394:
393:
387:
383:
382:
376:
375:
373:
367:
365:
363:
362:LĂ©on Livinhac
355:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
310:
308:
304:
299:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
275:
269:
267:
263:
259:
251:
249:
247:
246:White Fathers
243:
239:
235:
231:
223:
218:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:White Fathers
198:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
156:
152:
147:
134:
130:
125:
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
19:
16:
771:
751:, retrieved
745:
733:, retrieved
718:
706:, retrieved
702:
687:, retrieved
683:
668:, retrieved
653:
641:
620:, retrieved
614:
565:Shorter 2011
560:
553:Shorter 2003
538:Barwick 1911
533:
526:Shorter 2011
521:
499:Shorter 2011
482:Shorter 2011
477:
410:
391:
380:
371:
368:Publications
359:
323:
311:
287:
270:
261:
255:
227:
205:French Sudan
196:
195:
179:Denomination
159:(1907-01-23)
120:4 March 1893
117:Consecration
112:12 July 1891
71:4 March 1893
15:
841:1907 deaths
836:1852 births
808:Catholicism
753:17 February
708:18 February
443:Cheney 2018
346:Niger River
334:Niger River
171:Nationality
84:Predecessor
830:Categories
207:(Mali) at
190:Missionary
187:Occupation
138:1852-01-07
109:Ordination
796:Biography
182:Christian
94:Successor
68:Appointed
342:Timbuktu
319:GhardaĂŻa
274:La Marsa
230:Lisbourg
213:Timbuktu
146:Lisbourg
782:Portals
735:3 March
689:3 March
670:3 March
640:(ed.),
622:3 March
606:Sources
350:Conakry
332:on the
276:, near
238:Algiers
166:, Italy
76:Retired
60:Diocese
30:M. Afr.
820:France
726:
661:
258:Arabic
174:French
104:Orders
50:Church
22:Bishop
636:, in
402:Notes
338:SĂ©gou
330:SĂ©gou
326:Sudan
315:M'zab
278:Tunis
209:SĂ©gou
755:2018
737:2018
724:ISBN
710:2018
691:2018
672:2018
659:ISBN
624:2018
340:and
219:Life
211:and
164:Rome
154:Died
132:Born
272:to
832::
701:,
682:,
589:^
572:^
545:^
506:^
489:^
450:^
425:^
784::
599:.
555:.
540:.
516:.
445:.
140:)
136:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
