803:
384:
851:
166:
827:
46:
2790:
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2800:
274:
245:
between brown in summer and white in winter is driven largely by camouflage. Differences in female and male coat color may indicate nutrition and hormone levels, important in mate selection. Some arboreal mammals, notably primates and marsupials, have shades of violet, green, or blue skin on parts of
157:
has guard hairs measuring 30 cm (12 in) as well as a dense underfur, which forms an airtight coat, allowing them to survive in temperatures of −40 °C (−40 °F). Some desert mammals, such as camels, use dense fur to prevent solar heat from reaching their skin, allowing the animal to
651:
At times, when a hairless domesticated animal is discovered, usually owing to a naturally occurring genetic mutation, humans may intentionally inbreed those hairless individuals and, after multiple generations, artificially create hairless breeds. There are several breeds of hairless cats, perhaps
1545:
Winter, H.; Langbein, L.; Krawczak, M.; Cooper, D. N.; Jave-Suarez, L. F.; Rogers, M. A.; Praetzel, S.; Heidt, P. J.; Schweizer, J. (2001). "Human type I hair keratin pseudogene phihHaA has functional orthologs in the chimpanzee and gorilla: Evidence for recent inactivation of the human gene after
696:. Historically, it was worn for its insulating quality, with aesthetics becoming a factor over time. Pelts were worn in or out, depending on their characteristics and desired use. Today fur and trim used in garments may be dyed bright colors or to mimic exotic animal patterns, or shorn close like
152:
Hair length is negligible in thermoregulation, as some tropical mammals, such as sloths, have the same fur length as some arctic mammals but with less insulation; and, conversely, other tropical mammals with short hair have the same insulating value as arctic mammals. The denseness of fur can
475:
can be thought of as a hybrid, bridging the gap between the distinctly different characteristics of down and guard hairs. Awn hairs begin their growth much like guard hairs, but less than halfway to their full length, awn hairs start to grow thin and wavy like down hair. The
605:
is mostly hairless but does have short bristly hairs around its neck, on its front toes, and around the throat sac, along with fine hairs on the head and tail membrane. Most hairless animals cannot go in the sun for long periods of time, or stay in the cold for too long.
802:
453:) is the bottom – or inner – layer, composed of wavy or curly hairs with no straight portions or sharp points. Down hairs, which are also flat, tend to be the shortest and most numerous in the coat.
266:. Coat color may influence the ability to retain heat, depending on how much light is reflected. Mammals with darker colored coats can absorb more heat from solar radiation and stay warmer; some smaller mammals, such as
331:
are also used, more casually, to refer to hair-like growths or formations, particularly when the subject being referred to exhibits a dense coat of fine, soft "hairs". If layered, rather than grown as a single
488:
that the stiffer guard hairs are capable of. Mammals with well-developed down and guard hairs also usually have large numbers of awn hairs, which may even sometimes be the bulk of the visible coat.
957:
Dawson, T. J.; Webster, K. N.; Maloney, S. K. (2014). "The fur of mammals in exposed environments; do crypsis and thermal needs necessarily conflict? The polar bear and marsupial koala compared".
197:, communication, and physiological processes such as temperature regulation. Camouflage is a powerful influence in many mammals, as it helps to conceal individuals from predators or prey.
561:
Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals; however, several species or breeds have considerably reduced amounts of fur. These are often called "naked" or "hairless".
201:, warning off possible predators, is the most likely explanation of the black-and-white pelage of many mammals which are able to defend themselves, such as in the foul-smelling
1707:
511:) is the top—or outer—layer of the coat. Guard hairs are longer, generally coarser, and have nearly straight shafts that protrude through the layer of softer down hair. The
1672:
83:
The fur of mammals has many uses: protection, sensory purposes, waterproofing, and camouflaging, with the primary usage being thermoregulation. The types of hair include
826:
1658:
270:, have darker fur in the winter. The white, pigmentless fur of arctic mammals, such as the polar bear, may reflect more solar radiation directly onto the skin.
850:
620:
species that have undergone significant hair loss. The hairlessness of humans compared to related species may be due to loss of functionality in the
1700:
263:
1186:
1020:
703:
The manufacturing of fur clothing involves obtaining animal pelts where the hair is left on the animal's processed skin. In contrast, making
527:
or display. Guard hair repels water and blocks sunlight, protecting the undercoat and skin in wet or aquatic habitats, and from the sun's
2804:
2836:
2793:
1693:
593:
has evolved hairlessness, perhaps as an adaptation to their subterranean lifestyle. Two of the largest extant terrestrial mammals, the
323:. The term fur is also used to refer to animal pelts that have been processed into leather with their hair still attached. The words
1443:
2217:
1677:
158:
stay cool; a camel's fur may reach 70 °C (158 °F) in the summer, but the skin stays at 40 °C (104 °F).
383:
512:
481:
477:
1300:"Molecular evidence for a diverse green algal community growing in the hair of sloths and a specific association with
1126:
Mills, L. Scott; Zimova, Marketa; Oyler, Jared; Running, Steven; Abatzoglou, John T.; Lukacs, Paul M. (April 2013).
639:
peoples possessed the loss-of-function mutation, indicating it is much older. Mutations in the gene HR can lead to
2604:
1716:
1236:"Structural colouration of mammalian skin: convergent evolution of coherently scattering dermal collagen arrays"
1062:
1045:
2831:
2324:
1872:
841:
165:
2750:
2207:
1663:
1009:
Feldhamer, George A.; Drickamer, Lee C.; Vessey, Stephen H.; Merritt, Joseph H.; Krajewski, Carey (2007).
484:
part can shed water (like the guard hair). The awn hair's thin basal portion does not allow the amount of
2695:
2361:
2259:
1842:
1523:
371:
advocates object to the trapping and killing of wildlife, and the confinement and killing of animals on
174:
39:
35:
1645:
Chamber's journal, Published by Orr and Smith, 1952, p. 200, Original from the
University of Michigan.
153:
increase an animal's insulation value, and arctic mammals especially have dense fur; for example, the
2431:
2289:
2264:
2059:
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2049:
1822:
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1209:
982:
457:
is the principal function of the down hair, which insulates a layer of dry air next to the skin.
77:
515:
end of the guard hair is the visible layer of most mammal coats. This layer has the most marked
1235:
2294:
2274:
2018:
1963:
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1384:
1343:
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1016:
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259:
189:
Mammalian coats are colored for a variety of reasons, the major selective pressures including
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1010:
930:
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2755:
2740:
2366:
2187:
2003:
1973:
1953:
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536:
454:
218:
194:
1591:"Molecular evolution of HR, a gene that regulates the postnatal cycle of the hair follicle"
1187:"Coat Color Variation and Pigmentation Gene Expression in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta)"
2705:
2626:
2391:
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2143:
1985:
1904:
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beneath. The guard hair keeps moisture from reaching the skin; the underfur acts as an
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1998:
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2013:
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part of the awn hair assists in thermoregulation (like the down hair), whereas the
405:
364:
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206:
50:
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131:
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have evolved hairlessness, presumably to reduce resistance through water. The
2621:
2616:
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2516:
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1943:
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1205:
970:
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The modern mammalian fur arrangement is known to have occurred as far back as
302:
210:
190:
178:
162:, conversely, trap air in their fur to conserve heat by keeping the skin dry.
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1030:
2700:
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1328:
1152:
687:
636:
607:
411:
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356:
344:. Mammals with reduced amounts of fur are often called "naked", as with the
255:
121:
98:
1632:
1567:
1473:
1388:
1347:
1272:
1171:
1128:"Camouflage mismatch in seasonal coat color due to decreased snow duration"
1112:
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978:
707:
involves removing the hair from the hide or pelt and using only the skin.
551:
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17:
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582:
578:
472:
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341:
247:
120:, which are a type of stiff guard hair used for defense in, for example,
109:
91:
1490:
660:. Other examples of artificially selected hairless animals include the
273:
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2641:
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2401:
2158:
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1938:
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906:
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749:
745:
719:
704:
625:
617:
277:
170:
65:
1614:
1255:
628:) Although the researchers dated the mutation to 240 000 ya, both the
319:) – is sometimes used to refer to an animal's complete
2726:
2710:
2688:
2673:
2636:
2594:
2589:
2489:
2244:
2148:
1817:
1777:
1264:
777:
769:
753:
737:
697:
424:
Fur may consist of three layers, each with a different type of hair.
154:
535:
to the skin. Many mammals, such as the domestic dog and cat, have a
1298:; Friedl, Thomas; Chiarello, Adriano G.; Blomster, Jaanika (2010).
1294:
Suutari, Milla; Majaneva, Markus; Fewer, David P.; Voirin, Bryson;
296:
130:, which are long hairs usually used in visual signals, such as the
2656:
2531:
2451:
2436:
2383:
2133:
2092:
1884:
1762:
1737:
789:
765:
761:
757:
692:
Fur has long served as a source of clothing for humans, including
613:
550:
532:
382:
311:
272:
246:
their bodies, indicating some distinct advantage in their largely
226:
202:
164:
421:
preserving compound follicles with both guard hair and underfur.
2663:
2646:
2631:
1876:
741:
711:
267:
144:
61:
1689:
305:
140:, often called "down fur", which insulates newborn mammals; and
2471:
2176:
733:
254:. The green coloration of sloths, however, is the result of a
355:
An animal with commercially valuable fur is known within the
1460:
Hair of West
European mammals: atlas and identification key
1063:
10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0125:tasoci]2.0.co;2
569:
Some mammals naturally have reduced amounts of fur. Some
1015:(3 ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
610:
are born hairless and grow out fur later in development.
102:, which are sensory hairs and are most commonly whiskers;
714:. A common felt is made from beaver fur and is used in
700:. The term "a fur" may connote a coat, wrap, or shawl.
531:
radiation. Guard hairs can also reduce the severity of
30:"Furs" and "Pelt" redirect here. For other uses, see
1046:"The Adaptive Significance of Coloration in Mammals"
523:, manifesting as coat markings that are adapted for
2719:
2582:
2470:
2382:
2167:
2083:
1984:
1871:
1758:
1723:
387:Down, awn and guard hairs of a domestic tabby cat
258:relationship with algae. Coat color is sometimes
108:, which consists of guard hairs, under-fur, and
1474:"Evolution: How (some) mammals lost their hair"
1079:"Contrasting coloration in terrestrial mammals"
1462:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
816:at Buckingham Palace are made from the fur of
209:. In arctic and subarctic mammals such as the
1701:
1234:Prum, Richard O.; Torres, Rodolfo H. (2004).
288: – first known use in English
8:
952:
950:
539:that raises their guard hairs as part of a
336:, it may consist of short down hairs, long
314:
1708:
1694:
1686:
1622:
1499:
1489:
1378:
1367:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1337:
1327:
1254:
1161:
1151:
1102:
1061:
1012:Mammalogy: Adaptation, Diversity, Ecology
1363:"Sexual dimorphism in primate evolution"
643:, though this is not typical in humans.
44:
922:
798:
656:. Similarly, there are some breeds of
148:, which is long, soft, and often curly.
68:. It consists of a combination of oily
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
1185:Bradley, Brenda; et al. (2012).
7:
2799:
1472:Dean, Matthew D (30 December 2022).
1432:Peterson, Judy Monroe (2011-01-15).
80:blanket that keeps the animal warm.
959:Journal of Comparative Physiology B
556:Computer generated image of wet fur
64:that covers the skin of almost all
27:Soft, thick, hairy coat of a mammal
652:the most commonly known being the
295:(French, from Middle French, from
25:
2798:
2789:
2788:
849:
825:
801:
367:or decoration is controversial;
205:and the powerful and aggressive
94:after reaching a certain length;
1243:Journal of Experimental Biology
69:
1678:New International Encyclopedia
1438:. The Rosen Publishing Group.
1194:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
73:
1:
624:KRTHAP1 (which helps produce
601:, are largely hairless. The
289:
340:, and in some cases, medium
1304:(Chlorophyta, Ulvophyceae)"
1077:Caro, Tim (February 2009).
2853:
2837:Non-timber forest products
1717:Non-timber forest products
1546:the Pan-Homo divergence".
685:
679:
497:
464:
29:
2784:
1589:Abbasi, Amir Ali (2011).
1206:10.1007/s10914-012-9212-3
971:10.1007/s00360-013-0794-8
844:pilot and Arctic explorer
710:Fur is also used to make
348:, or "hairless", as with
223:Dicrostonyx groenlandicus
53:are covered in thick fur.
547:Mammals with reduced fur
1524:"Cheiromeles torquatus"
1361:Plavcan, J. M. (2001).
1329:10.1186/1471-2148-10-86
1153:10.1073/pnas.1222724110
935:Encyclopedia Britannica
306:
297:
2731:(Iberian agroforestry)
1969:Pacific mountain onion
1664:Encyclopedia Americana
1526:. Animal Diversity Web
1522:Thomson, Paul (2002).
1095:10.1098/rstb.2008.0221
558:
388:
315:
281:
186:
54:
2751:Indian forest produce
2222:Hydnocarpus wightiana
1560:10.1007/s004390000439
1302:Trichophilus welckeri
554:
386:
276:
243:seasonal color change
168:
60:is a thick growth of
48:
40:Pelt (disambiguation)
36:Furs (disambiguation)
1994:Bare-toothed russula
1308:Evolutionary Biology
1083:Philos Trans R Soc B
818:American black bears
647:Artificial selection
403:, with specimens of
264:many primate species
252:convergent evolution
175:disruptively colored
32:Fur (disambiguation)
2605:musical instruments
1863:Woodland strawberry
1673:Fur-Bearing Animals
1659:Fur-Bearing Animals
1607:2011NatSR...1E..32A
1491:10.7554/eLife.84865
1320:2010BMCEE..10...86S
1144:2013PNAS..110.7360M
931:"Fur | animal skin"
662:hairless guinea-pig
49:Like many mammals,
1595:Scientific Reports
1380:10.1002/ajpa.10011
1044:Caro, Tim (2005).
860:, Estonia, in 2019
641:complete hair loss
559:
389:
282:
260:sexually dimorphic
187:
55:
2814:
2813:
1615:10.1038/srep00032
1413:. Merriam-Webster
1256:10.1242/jeb.00989
1089:(1516): 537–548.
1022:978-0-8018-8695-9
902:Tanning (leather)
882:Cat coat genetics
877:Animal coloration
730:Common furbearers
565:Natural selection
533:cuts or scratches
301:for 'hair', from
72:on top and thick
16:(Redirected from
2844:
2802:
2801:
2792:
2791:
2766:Resin extraction
2756:Mushroom hunting
2732:
2478: / etc.
2332:
2225:
2060:Saffron milk cap
2050:Parasol mushroom
1890:Fiddlehead ferns
1710:
1703:
1696:
1687:
1682:
1668:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1626:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
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1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1493:
1469:
1463:
1456:
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1449:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1382:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1341:
1331:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1258:
1240:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1216:. Archived from
1191:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1165:
1155:
1138:(8): 7360–7365.
1123:
1117:
1116:
1106:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1006:
991:
990:
954:
945:
944:
942:
941:
927:
853:
838:Carl Ben Eielson
829:
805:
577:mammals such as
537:pilomotor reflex
455:Thermoregulation
318:
309:
300:
294:
291:
239:Lepus americanus
219:collared lemming
195:sexual selection
21:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2780:
2730:
2715:
2706:Vegetable ivory
2578:
2466:
2378:
2326:
2219:
2181:
2163:
2097:
2079:
2045:Oyster mushroom
2035:Meadow mushroom
1980:
1964:Twincrest onion
1867:
1771:
1754:
1725:Animal products
1719:
1714:
1684:
1670:
1656:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1640:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1458:B. J. Teerink.
1457:
1453:
1446:
1435:Varmint Hunting
1431:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1296:Aiello, Annette
1293:
1292:
1288:
1249:(12): 2157–72.
1238:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1220:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1023:
1008:
1007:
994:
956:
955:
948:
939:
937:
929:
928:
924:
920:
868:
861:
856:A fur store in
854:
845:
830:
821:
806:
722:, and high-end
690:
684:
678:
676:Use in clothing
649:
567:
557:
549:
543:when agitated.
502:
496:
469:
463:
437:(also known as
432:
381:
365:fur as clothing
292:
250:habitat due to
231:Mustela erminea
183:ambush predator
160:Aquatic mammals
90:, which may be
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2850:
2848:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2832:Mammal anatomy
2829:
2819:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2796:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2771:Rubber tapping
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2737:Forest farming
2734:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2691:
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2659:
2649:
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2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2592:
2586:
2584:
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2579:
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2571:
2566:
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2559:
2549:
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2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
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2498:
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2487:
2481:
2479:
2468:
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2464:
2459:
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2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2373:Vateria indica
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:Shorea robusta
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2297:
2292:
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2019:Honey mushroom
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1652:External links
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1548:Human Genetics
1537:
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1464:
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1424:
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1226:
1223:on 2015-09-24.
1177:
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1056:(2): 125–136.
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965:(2): 273–284.
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680:Main article:
677:
674:
648:
645:
591:naked mole-rat
587:hippopotamuses
566:
563:
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548:
545:
541:threat display
498:Main article:
495:
492:
465:Main article:
462:
459:
431:
428:
401:eutriconodonts
380:
377:
369:animal welfare
346:naked mole-rat
215:Vulpes lagopus
177:coat provides
150:
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2099:
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2089:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2076:
2075:Yellow knight
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Slippery jack
2063:
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2056:
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2046:
2043:
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1445:9781448823666
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1428:
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1406:
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1398:
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1390:
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1376:
1373:(33): 25–53.
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1357:
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1203:
1200:(3): 263–70.
1199:
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887:Coat (animal)
885:
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875:
873:
870:
869:
865:
859:
852:
847:
843:
840:(1897–1929),
839:
836:coat worn by
835:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
804:
799:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
732:used include
731:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
708:
706:
701:
699:
695:
689:
683:
675:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
658:hairless dogs
655:
646:
644:
642:
638:
634:
631:
627:
623:
619:
616:are the only
615:
611:
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604:
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448:
444:
440:
436:
429:
427:
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422:
420:
419:
414:
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402:
398:
394:
385:
378:
376:
374:
370:
366:
363:. The use of
362:
358:
353:
351:
350:hairless dogs
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
326:
322:
317:
313:
308:
304:
299:
287:
279:
275:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
244:
240:
236:
235:snowshoe hare
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
184:
180:
176:
172:
167:
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147:
146:
142:
139:
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133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
118:
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
100:
96:
93:
89:
86:
85:
84:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
52:
51:grizzly bears
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2803:
2776:Wildcrafting
2761:Naval stores
2739: /
2727:
2696:Tendu leaves
2652:Natural dyes
2522:Gutta-percha
2474: /
2412:Frankincense
2372:
2328:
2285:Mango butter
2230:Cocoa butter
2221:
2218:Chaulmoogra
2188:Allanblackia
2119:Black pepper
2004:Birch bolete
1954:Canada onion
1939:Wild ginseng
1934:Saw palmetto
1875: /
1765: /
1732:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1641:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1554:(1): 37–42.
1551:
1547:
1540:
1528:. Retrieved
1517:
1505:. Retrieved
1481:
1477:
1467:
1459:
1454:
1434:
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1405:
1370:
1366:
1356:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1289:
1246:
1242:
1229:
1218:the original
1197:
1193:
1180:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1011:
962:
958:
938:. Retrieved
934:
925:
814:King's Guard
728:
709:
702:
694:Neanderthals
691:
682:Fur clothing
670:hairless rat
650:
612:
603:hairless bat
568:
560:
517:pigmentation
508:
504:
503:
490:
486:piloerection
470:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
433:
426:
423:
416:
410:
406:Castorocauda
404:
397:haramiyidans
390:
357:fur industry
354:
328:
324:
285:
283:
238:
230:
222:
214:
207:honey badger
188:
151:
143:
137:
127:
115:
105:
97:
87:
82:
57:
56:
2711:Willow bark
2542:Maple syrup
2537:Maple sugar
2512:Fruit syrup
2495:chewing gum
2485:Birch syrup
2342:Shea butter
2014:Chanterelle
1959:Crow garlic
1949:Bear garlic
1944:Wild onions
1922:filé powder
1843:Lingonberry
1828:Huckleberry
897:Rabbit hair
872:Angora wool
808:The iconic
724:cowboy hats
716:bowler hats
571:semiaquatic
529:ultraviolet
451:ground hair
418:Spinolestes
379:Composition
338:guard hairs
293: 1828
199:Aposematism
2821:Categories
2622:Birch beer
2617:Birch bark
2574:Spruce gum
2557:akpeteshie
2547:Palm sugar
2517:Gum arabic
2507:Date sugar
2457:Turpentine
2337:Sandalwood
2240:Eucalyptus
2235:Eucalyptol
2124:Brazil nut
1999:Bay bolete
1853:Strawberry
1808:Cocoa bean
1803:Breadfruit
1793:Blackberry
1767:tree fruit
1530:29 October
1484:: e84865.
1417:January 9,
1314:(86): 86.
1050:BioScience
940:2018-10-30
918:References
782:chinchilla
686:See also:
668:, and the
666:nude mouse
654:Sphynx cat
633:Neandertal
622:pseudogene
608:Marsupials
599:rhinoceros
525:camouflage
505:Guard hair
500:Guard hair
494:Guard hair
303:Old French
211:arctic fox
191:camouflage
179:camouflage
134:of a lion;
122:porcupines
88:definitive
78:insulating
70:guard hair
18:Animal fur
2741:gardening
2701:Thatching
2552:Palm wine
2397:Birch tar
2325:Sal-seed
2250:Japan wax
2203:Candlenut
2144:Malva nut
2109:Areca nut
2030:Matsutake
1986:Mushrooms
1927:root beer
1917:Sassafras
1905:Sago palm
1848:Raspberry
1833:Jackfruit
1798:Blueberry
1750:Wild game
1265:1808/1599
1031:124031907
810:bearskins
688:Fur trade
637:Denisovan
583:pinnipeds
579:cetaceans
447:underhair
443:undercoat
435:Down hair
430:Down hair
412:Megaconus
393:docodonts
373:fur farms
361:furbearer
342:awn hairs
284:The term
256:symbiotic
181:for this
99:vibrissae
2794:Category
2610:textiles
2442:Pine tar
2407:Creosote
2357:Tea-tree
2352:Tea-seed
2320:Pongamia
2310:Phulwara
2295:Nagkesar
2290:Murumuru
2265:Kpangnan
2213:Carnauba
2154:Pine nut
2139:Hazelnut
2129:Cinnamon
2114:Bay leaf
2104:Allspice
2026:(reishi)
1858:Tamarind
1823:Gambooge
1783:Bilberry
1633:22355551
1576:21545865
1568:11214905
1411:"Pelage"
1397:31722173
1389:11786990
1348:20353556
1273:15143148
1214:13916535
1172:23589881
1113:18990666
979:24366474
912:Skinning
866:See also
834:seal fur
720:top hats
597:and the
595:elephant
509:overhair
478:proximal
473:awn hair
467:Awn hair
461:Awn hair
439:underfur
262:, as in
248:arboreal
128:bristles
110:awn hair
74:underfur
2805:Commons
2720:Related
2684:Tanbark
2679:Shellac
2669:Quinine
2642:Gambier
2562:ogogoro
2462:Varnish
2427:Lacquer
2417:Gamboge
2402:Camphor
2392:Benzoin
2302: (
2208:Capuacu
2193:Babassu
2159:Vanilla
2070:Truffle
2055:Red cap
2024:Lingzhi
1813:Coconut
1788:Binukaw
1763:Berries
1681:. 1905.
1667:. 1920.
1624:3216519
1603:Bibcode
1507:22 July
1501:9803347
1339:2858742
1316:Bibcode
1281:8268610
1163:3645584
1140:Bibcode
1104:2674080
987:9481486
907:Futfell
892:Plumage
858:Tallinn
812:of the
786:raccoon
750:leopard
746:muskrat
705:leather
626:keratin
618:primate
575:aquatic
310:, from
278:Opossum
233:), and
171:leopard
66:mammals
2728:Dehesa
2689:tannin
2674:Rattan
2637:Forage
2600:edible
2595:Bamboo
2590:Amadou
2569:Rubber
2490:Chicle
2432:Mastic
2384:Resins
2367:Ucuuba
2362:Tucuma
2347:Tamanu
2304:kernel
2275:Mafura
2245:Illipe
2198:Bacuri
2149:Nutmeg
2093:spices
1818:Durian
1778:Banana
1631:
1621:
1601:: 32.
1574:
1566:
1498:
1442:
1395:
1387:
1346:
1336:
1279:
1271:
1212:
1170:
1160:
1111:
1101:
1029:
1019:
985:
977:
794:possum
792:, and
778:coyote
770:jaguar
758:ermine
754:beaver
738:rabbit
698:velvet
614:Humans
513:distal
482:distal
307:peilss
286:pelage
155:muskox
117:spines
106:pelage
38:, and
2657:henna
2632:Ferns
2583:Other
2532:Latex
2452:Rosin
2447:Pitch
2437:Myrrh
2422:Kauri
2280:Mahua
2270:Kusum
2260:Kombo
2255:Kokum
2177:waxes
2134:Clove
2040:Morel
1974:Ramps
1910:queen
1885:Betel
1877:roots
1738:Honey
1572:S2CID
1478:eLife
1393:S2CID
1277:S2CID
1239:(PDF)
1221:(PDF)
1210:S2CID
1190:(PDF)
983:S2CID
790:lemur
766:sable
762:otter
630:Altai
521:gloss
359:as a
329:furry
316:pilus
312:Latin
268:voles
227:stoat
203:skunk
138:velli
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