364:
42:
55:
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The
Caucasian honey bee received three gold medals at the international events β at the International Exhibition of Gardening in Erfurt (Germany) in 1961; at the 20th APIMONDIA International Congress in Bucharest (Romania) in 1965; and at the 23rd APIMONDIA International Congress in Moscow in 1971.
379:
The
Russian revolution and consequent annexation of Georgia by the Red Army in 1921 halted the export of Caucasian honey bees. Subspecies were studied and cultivated primarily by Soviet entomologists. Soviet officials were concerned about preserving the purity of the Caucasian subspecies and outlawed
402:
International exports were continued from 1969. According to a UK newspaper "GOLDEN BEE the grey mountain bee of the Soviet Union has been judged the best in the world and awarded a gold medal. The grey
Caucasian bee is distinguished for its industry and it collects honey, even when it is raining.
371:
The
Caucasian (Georgian) honeybee has a long history of importance to beekeeping worldwide. The bees were first introduced in the United States in the 19th century. The Caucasian honey bee was a subspecies that came to have enduring interest to U.S. beekeepers.
813:
678:
363:
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748:
315:
The great use of propolis may be seen as undesirable as it makes hive management more difficult. Frames and hive boxes are glued together more substantially.
552:
391:
and spent a month visiting various beekeeping and bee research establishments. E. F. Phillips paid special attention to the unique characteristics of the
1455:
1468:
1097:
770:
403:
Many foreign beemasters have requested for the Golden bee and as many as 200,000 have been sent to Europe, Asia and
America this year." (
312:
Colonies do not reach full strength until mid-summer, which is an undesirable trait for areas with the highest nectar flow in the spring.
806:
1527:
1279:
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is the βcentral homelandβ for the subspecies, although the bees also can be found in eastern Turkey, Armenia and
Azerbaijan.
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347:." This coveted novelty honey is referred to as "deli bal" and is neurotoxic. These bees are also less susceptible than
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Longest proboscis, so it can extract nectar from the deepest nectar tissues, where no other honey bees can
163:
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49:
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376:(1852β1919) visited Georgia in 1905 and supported the import of honeybees to the United States.
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A beekeeping visit to the Soviet Union. By Eva Crane. Bee World 44 (2) 48 β 76 DATE: 1963
367:
Frank Benton and
Georgian entomologist Ilarion Kavtaradze, circa 1905, Georgia, Caucasus
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Colonies reach full strength in mid-summer, which is good for areas where the highest
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405:
665:
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909:
586:"Grayanotoxin Poisoning: 'Mad Honey Disease' and Beyond| Cardiovascular Toxicology"
373:
352:
340:
513:
482:
451:
399:) length and docility and was impressed with the beekeeping potential in Georgia.
725:"Caucasian (Georgian) Queen Bees For Sale | Oldest honey in the world! - GoldBee"
692:"Caucasian (Georgian) Queen Bees For Sale | Oldest honey in the world! - GoldBee"
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106:
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842:
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Status of breeding practices and genetic diversity in domestic U.S. honey bees
601:
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1148:
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837:
822:
396:
344:
126:
86:
66:
657:
619:
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1434:
514:"The taxonomy of recent and fossil honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Apis)"
483:"The taxonomy of recent and fossil honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Apis)"
452:"The taxonomy of recent and fossil honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Apis)"
1402:
1114:
1082:
318:
Over-wintering in northern climates is not good due to susceptibility to
226:
1460:
225:
The
Caucasian honey bee originates from the high valleys of the Central
1243:
1140:
1087:
868:
545:"Georgia Offers a Super Bee to Help Ailing American Bees | Eurasianet"
1135:
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250:
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96:
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amcinternational.org F. Benton
International Beekeeping Association
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771:"APIMONDIA International Federation of Beekeepers' Associations"
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897:
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329:In Turkey, beekeepers purposefully bring hives of
635:"Characteristics of imidacloprid toxicity in two
280:Ardent brood production β raising strong colonies
395:(Caucasian honey bee) species - great tongue (
807:
387:was invited to the Soviet Union, Republic of
8:
1380:
814:
800:
792:
40:
31:
755:(in Georgian). 2017-12-01. Archived from
609:
442:
380:any export without special permission.
646:Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
253:color: dark with brown spots at times
7:
429:Chapter 11 "Races of bees" by Prof.
302:) proboscis; length is about 7.3 mm
25:
898:Subspecies, Breeds and Phenotypes
339:blooms to purposefully sequester
259:Tongue length: up to 7.3 mm
633:Suchail, Severine (1999-12-10).
325:Inclined to drifting and robbing
53:
555:from the original on 2019-08-20
518:Journal of Hymenoptera Research
487:Journal of Hymenoptera Research
456:Journal of Hymenoptera Research
27:Subspecies of western honey bee
884:Bee learning and communication
1:
307:Not beneficial for beekeeping
433:, published by Dadant, 1975
1028:Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan
584:Jansen, Suze (2012-04-19).
543:Corso, Molly (2013-04-12).
290:Very great user of propolis
274:Gentle and calm on the comb
242:Shape and size: similar to
1544:
355:, a neurotoxic pesticide.
1369:Honeybee Discovery Center
1280:Diseases of the honey bee
1007:Apis mellifera scutellata
825:types and characteristics
602:10.1007/s12012-012-9162-2
590:Cardiovascular Toxicology
427:The Hive and the Honeybee
269:Beneficial for beekeeping
213:) is a subspecies of the
191:
184:
169:
162:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
34:
1528:Western honey bee breeds
1394:Apis mellifera caucasica
1347:Museums and insectariums
1259:Colony collapse disorder
1234:Varroa sensitive hygiene
1014:Apis mellifera siciliana
993:Apis mellifera monticola
979:Apis mellifera pomonella
965:Apis mellifera artemisia
958:Apis mellifera adansonii
749:"α₯αα αα£αα α€α£α’αα αα‘ αααααα"
681:via www.researchgate.net
512:Michael S Engel (1999).
481:Michael S Engel (1999).
450:Michael S Engel (1999).
195:Apis mellifera caucasica
1424:Apis mellifera caucasia
1153:Horizontal top-bar hive
1056:Apis mellifera unicolor
1035:Apis mellifera sossimai
1021:Apis mellifera simensis
393:Apis Mellifera Caucasia
331:Apis mellifera caucasia
300:Apis mellifera caucasia
211:Apis mellifera caucasia
173:Apis mellifera caucasia
18:Apis mellifera caucasia
1220:Parasites and diseases
1049:Apis mellifera taurica
1042:Apis mellifera syriaca
1000:Apis mellifera remipes
972:Apis mellifera litorea
658:10.1002/etc.5620190726
368:
359:Worldwide distribution
303:
237:Anatomy and appearance
366:
351:to acute exposure to
336:Rhododendron ponticum
297:
287:flow is in mid-summer
256:Hair color: lead-grey
1359:Bee Museum of Rhodes
1275:Topics in beekeeping
874:Honey bee life cycle
639:melliferasubspecies"
413:International awards
343:laden honey called "
35:Caucasian honey bee
1354:Malacca Bee Gallery
1254:Deformed wing virus
1145:BS National Beehive
986:Apis mellifera meda
920:Carniolan honey bee
753:National Geographic
207:Caucasian honey bee
155:A. m. caucasia
1249:American foulbrood
383:In 1932 professor
369:
333:to areas of dense
304:
1510:
1509:
1386:Taxon identifiers
1377:
1376:
1239:Small hive beetle
1228:Varroa destructor
945:Western honey bee
940:Russian honey bee
935:Maltese honey bee
925:European dark bee
848:Laying worker bee
431:Friedrich Ruttner
215:western honey bee
203:
202:
141:A. mellifera
16:(Redirected from
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1105:Honey extraction
1098:Alcoholic drinks
816:
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773:. Archived from
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652:(7): 1901β1905.
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1495:Observation.org
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1201:Honey extractor
1157:Langstroth hive
1124:
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905:Africanized bee
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349:A. m. mellifera
309:
298:Caucasian bee (
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197:Gorbachev, 1916
180:
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28:
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1206:Queen excluder
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1181:Wax foundation
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1165:Stewarton hive
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1062:Honey bee race
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951:Apis laboriosa
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915:Cape honey bee
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759:on 2018-08-05.
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549:eurasianet.org
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409:June 1, 1969)
385:E. F. Phillips
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179:Pollmann, 1889
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164:Trinomial name
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1338:United States
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777:on 2019-04-23
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596:(3): 208β15.
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406:Sunday Mirror
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245:A. m. carnica
241:
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56:
51:
47:
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38:
33:
30:
19:
1523:Apis (genus)
1393:
1364:Honey Museum
1291:by countries
1227:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
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991:
984:
977:
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963:
956:
949:
910:Buckfast bee
779:. Retrieved
775:the original
765:
757:the original
752:
743:
732:. Retrieved
729:goldenbee.ge
728:
719:
710:
699:. Retrieved
696:goldenbee.ge
695:
686:
674:
649:
645:
636:
628:
593:
589:
579:
568:
557:. Retrieved
548:
538:
526:. Retrieved
521:
517:
507:
495:. Retrieved
490:
486:
476:
464:. Retrieved
459:
455:
445:
426:
425:
416:
404:
401:
392:
382:
378:
374:Frank Benton
370:
353:Imidacloprid
348:
341:grayanotoxin
334:
330:
328:
299:
244:
224:
210:
206:
204:
194:
172:
170:
154:
153:
149:Subspecies:
139:
127:
29:
1418:Wikispecies
1323:New Zealand
1289:Beekeeping
1176:Honey super
1120:Royal jelly
1071:Cultivation
930:Italian bee
107:Hymenoptera
1517:Categories
1211:Jenter kit
1196:Bee smoker
1191:Queen clip
1171:Hive frame
1078:Beekeeping
869:Bee colony
862:Life cycle
843:Worker bee
831:Bee castes
781:2018-05-10
734:2020-07-05
701:2020-07-05
559:2020-07-05
437:References
87:Arthropoda
1298:Australia
1186:Hive tool
1149:Flow Hive
1129:Equipment
1110:Honeycomb
853:Drone bee
838:Queen bee
823:Honey bee
528:4 January
497:4 January
466:4 January
397:proboscis
345:mad honey
135:Species:
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
1461:10903892
1432:BioLib:
1409:Q1083636
1403:Wikidata
1115:Propolis
1083:Apiology
889:Swarming
666:84822758
620:22528814
553:Archived
524:(2): 180
493:(2): 180
462:(2): 180
264:Behavior
227:Caucasus
186:Synonyms
113:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
1474:1131783
1328:Ukraine
1313:Ireland
1303:Hungary
1244:Waxworm
1141:Beehive
1088:Beeswax
611:3404272
422:Sources
389:Georgia
231:Georgia
123:Genus:
103:Order:
97:Insecta
93:Class:
1500:197282
1487:200407
1448:APISMK
1435:714904
1136:Apiary
664:
618:
608:
320:nosema
285:nectar
251:Chitin
221:Origin
117:Apidae
1318:Nepal
1308:India
1268:Lists
1093:Honey
879:Brood
662:S2CID
642:(PDF)
1482:NCBI
1469:ITIS
1456:GBIF
1443:EPPO
637:Apis
616:PMID
530:2023
499:2023
468:2023
205:The
128:Apis
1161:Nuc
654:doi
606:PMC
598:doi
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