3448:, of three candidates for further investigation and seeks precise information on each of them. Since if it were widely known that a priest who was not the one who was finally chosen for the post had been under consideration, people might think he had been excluded because of some fault found in him, the nuncio will ask those consulted about individual candidates to observe the strictest confidentiality on the fact of the consultation. He will then send to the Holy See a list of the (usually) three candidates that seem to be the most appropriate for consideration, together with all the information that has been gathered on them and accompanying the information with the conclusions that he himself draws from the evidence.
3464:
to provide more information on one or more of the individuals who have already been presented. When the congregation decides on which person should be appointed, the list, and the related conclusions are presented to the pope, asking him to make the appointment. If he agrees, the papal act is communicated to the nuncio for him to obtain the consent of the individual to his appointment and to choose a date for its publication. The newly appointed bishop is obliged to get episcopal consecration within three months of the arrival of the
26:
3615:. In the official bulletins and news media of the Holy See, these appointments are published as decisions of the Eastern Church in question, not of the pope. The procedure for appointing bishops of other Eastern Churches and those bishops of patriarchal and major archiepiscopal Churches who are to serve outside the territory of the Church in question is similar to that for Latin bishops, and the appointments are published as acts of the pope.
2827:
3358:. The congregation presents the bishop's offer of resignation to the pope, who has a range of options from rejecting the offer of resignation to accepting it with immediate effect. In the case of diocesan bishops who have reached 75 years of age, the usual decision is to accept the resignation but with effect only from the date of publication of the appointment of a successor, a decision known as acceptance
3611:
for episcopacy; this is communicated to the pope and any name for which he refuses his assent is removed from the list. When the synod then comes to elect a bishop, no further procedure is required if the person chosen is on the list; but if he is not on the list, the assent of the pope is needed before asking the newly elected to accept his election. The same arrangement holds for a Church headed by a
3627:
2593:
2765:
understood, that if any one be made bishop without the consent of the
Metropolitan, the great Synod has declared that such a man ought not to be a bishop. If, however, two or three bishops shall from natural love of contradiction, oppose the common suffrage of the rest, it being reasonable and in accordance with the ecclesiastical law, then let the choice of the majority prevail.
3610:
Eastern
Catholic church itself elects its bishops who are to serve within its own territory, but other bishops are appointed by the pope. Before the election of a bishop, the patriarchal synod considers the names proposed by its members and draws up a list of those it considers to be valid candidates
3463:
responsible for the appointment (one of the four indicated above) studies the documentation provided by the nuncio, taking into consideration his opinion, but not necessarily accepting it. It might even reject all the candidates he has proposed and ask him to prepare another list, or it might ask him
3483:
or some other body decides on the three names to send, through the nuncio, to the Holy See. With the names, the nuncio sends the information he has gathered on the candidates. If none of the three candidates is acceptable to the Holy See, the chapter is asked for another list. However, the Holy See
2764:
Let the ancient customs in Egypt, Libya and
Pentapolis prevail, that the Bishop of Alexandria have jurisdiction in all these, since the like is customary for the Bishop of Rome also. Likewise in Antioch and the other provinces, let the Churches retain their privileges. And this is to be universally
3451:
The qualities that a candidate must have are listed in canon 378 §1. As well as being at least 35 years old and a priest for at least 5 years, he should be "outstanding in strong faith, good morals, piety, zeal for souls, wisdom, prudence and human virtues", and should possess the other qualities
3580:, the 1983 Code of Canon Law lays down that "for the future, no rights or privileges of election, appointment, presentation or designation of Bishops are conceded to civil authorities." In about a dozen countries, the civil government still has the right of consultation or even of presentation.
3468:
of his appointment, which is usually prepared at least a month after the publication. If the consecration takes place within the diocese, he takes charge immediately. If it occurs elsewhere, a separate act is required, after the consecration, for taking possession of his new post. Bringing the
3325:
states that archdiocesan/diocesan bishops (including cardinals) are requested to submit their resignation to the pope on reaching the age of 75 years. Some do so earlier with a view to having the resignation take effect immediately on reaching 75. Bishops should also offer their resignation if
2782:
greatly influenced the identity of the Church. New texts were being discovered and disseminated at rapid pace in the late 700s and early 800s and patristic authorship became important for establishing a text's authority in
Catholic theology. Unfortunately also at this time, a series of power
2687:
emerged, but it is clear that by 200 a single bishop in charge of a metropolitan area became a universal norm without much controversy. Initially, bishops were chosen by the local clergy with approval from nearby bishops. "A newly elected bishop was installed in office and given his
3476:, the diocesan bishop chooses the three priests to be presented for the appointment, but the nuncio still has the duty of gathering information and opinions on the candidates, and the congregation can either select one of them or ask for a different list of candidates to be presented.
2755:
of
Alexandria, Antioch, and Rome had a role of the greatest importance in the selection. Canon 6 of the council acknowledged and codified an ancient custom giving jurisdiction over large regions to the bishops of Alexandria, Rome, and Antioch. Nicaea decreed that the consent of the
3441:, consulted certain priests on the choice of their next bishop, he said, "All aspects relating to the process of episcopal appointments should be dealt with in the strictest confidentiality. I trust that you will understand that I cannot depart from this practice."
839:
3263:. Although the pope denounced the law, he nevertheless profited by it to appoint, within the first seven months that followed, 102 new Italian bishops. Before the unification of Italy the various rulers made the appointments, with the pope doing so only for the
3126:
2710:
attest to the fact that the Church of Rome - in effect its diocese - was the central point of authority. They attest to the Church's reliance on Rome for advice, for mediation of disputes, and for guidance on doctrinal issues. They note, as
2491:
2783:
struggles emerged between diocesan bishops and their metropolitans. As part of this struggle, a series of elaborate forgeries were produced, capitalizing on the cultural renaissance of the time and eagerness to discover new texts. The
3244:. In his Constitution "Commissum Nobis" (1904), Pius X declared that the Apostolic See had never approved the civil veto, though previous legislation had not succeeded in preventing it, and he forbade any attempt to exercise it.
3240:. The attempted veto was rejected by the conclave, but over the course of several ballots, Rampolla, who had been the leading candidate, lost support until the conclave elected Cardinal Giuseppe Sarto, who then became
2787:
asserted Roman papal power to depose and appoint bishops for the first time by deriving this power from forgeries of texts of the fathers of early church, interlaced with texts already known to be legitimate. These
3197:
3271:
had a similar effect for appointing bishops in the territories ruled by France. In the early 20th century, papal appointment of
Catholic bishops was an almost universal practice except where, in virtue of the
1592:
3390:
judge to be suitable generically (without reference to any particular see) for appointment as bishops. They are required to draw up this list at least once every three years, so that it is always recent.
3484:
can reject the list in its entirety and appoint someone not proposed by the chapter. In other cases the cathedral chapter chooses the bishop from among a list of three presented to them by the Holy See.
3268:
3870:
2814:
changed that to some extent, but later concessions meant that many kings and other secular authorities exercised a right of appointment or at least of veto until the second half of the 20th century.
3427:
Canon law insists on enabling those consulted to provide information and express their views confidentially, requiring that they be consulted "individually and in secret". Accordingly, when the
3354:
if the country's government has been given the right to present objections of "a general political nature" (not of a party-political kind) or is involved in some other way, but generally the
2792:
had an enormous influence concentrating power of the pope in the Middle Ages, and were not uncovered as forgeries until the 1500s or universally acknowledged to be forgeries until the 1800s.
2304:
3371:
becomes vacant on publication of the pope's decision. Vacancy of a see may also occur because of a bishop's transfer to another see or position, or because of his death. In the case of a
3190:
2739:
Church of Rome as such, not necessarily to the bishop of Rome in his person, but after the role of the pope emerged, the church and its bishop became interpreted in a synonymous way.
2003:
1993:
4027:
3452:
needed for fulfilling the office in question; and he should be well versed in sacred
Scripture, theology and canon law and, preferably, hold a doctorate in one of these fields.
4056:
1998:
3408:, to draw up a report on its situation and the needs. That person will be the bishop who has presented his resignation or, if the see is vacant, the diocesan administrator or
3183:
3680:
3757:
3313:
exclusively to the competent ecclesiastical authority and requested the civil authorities who still had rights and privileges in this field to renounce them voluntarily.
1177:
1129:
1026:
132:
3394:
When it comes to a concrete appointment for a particular see, the papal representative (apostolic nuncio or delegate) asks either the outgoing bishop, or in case of a
1689:
834:
3862:
3210:
In the early 19th century, state involvement in episcopal appointment was still so normal that, in spite of the opposition of the Church in
Ireland to the proposed
829:
3982:
3969:
3339:
2971:
2932:
2202:
3645:
1535:
956:
2621:
605:
3993:
3773:
3215:
2666:, the geographic location of the diocese, what office the candidate is being chosen to fill, and whether the candidate has previously been ordained to the
2227:
4074:
2474:
2085:
3576:
In the past, privileges regarding the appointment of bishops were granted to kings and other civil authorities. In accordance with the decision of the
576:
34:
3211:
2022:
2017:
1751:
1746:
1731:
1516:
1491:
1455:
774:
4079:
1170:
612:
3915:
3905:
3343:
1574:
740:
550:
86:
3957:
3936:
3492:
2171:
1790:
1466:
1413:
556:
3375:
acceptance, the see does not become vacant immediately, but the process that leads to the appointment of a successor begins without delay.
2723:
2nd century) explains, "because of its superior origin, all the churches must agree" with Rome. They are also clear on the fact that it is
200:
3520:
4084:
3737:
3719:
1511:
1436:
3665:
2735:(3rd century) puts it, Rome is "the principal church, in which sacerdotal unity has its source." Most of these references were to the
1448:
1055:
752:
3305:. In the course of the 20th century, remaining privileges enjoyed by secular authorities gradually diminished, especially since the
2658:
all have a role in the selection. The exact process varies based upon a number of factors, including whether the bishop is from the
1988:
1736:
1545:
1477:
746:
712:
3752:
3640:
3326:
ill-health or other grave problems render them unsuited for fulfilling their office. The letter of resignation goes first to the
2614:
2147:
872:
803:
256:
42:
2119:
1741:
1501:
1404:
1045:
983:
757:
263:
3469:
process to a conclusion requires much time, usually taking at least nine months, and it may on occasion take up to two years.
2810:
times, rulers demanded not only their consent to an election made by others but the right to choose the bishops directly. The
3532:
3351:
2484:
1706:
277:
270:
2497:
1711:
1651:
1506:
1349:
1050:
473:
250:
2334:
1962:
1423:
925:
25:
3569:, out of respect for the synodal tradition of Anglicanism, the ordinary will be appointed by the Roman pontiff from a
3438:
3260:
2607:
2469:
1919:
1877:
1850:
1775:
1701:
1696:
1684:
1523:
1460:
1343:
127:
3593:
3456:
3100:
2784:
2513:
2389:
2033:
1389:
1354:
542:
295:
2699:(see below), it is mentioned as the normative method for selecting bishops, with approval of local metropolitans.
3599:
3589:
3416:
and the other bishops of the province, the president of the bishops conference, and at least some members of the
3219:
2663:
2571:
2262:
1197:
1088:
458:
3528:
3355:
3107:
2643:
2216:
2104:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1082:
862:
3424:. He may also consult others, whether clergy, diocesan or religious, and "lay persons of outstanding wisdom".
3552:
3500:
3472:
The procedure described above is the normal one for the appointment of a diocesan bishop. In the case of an
3413:
3409:
3383:
3164:
3094:
2811:
2779:
2748:
2696:
2314:
2176:
2142:
1968:
1306:
1270:
912:
312:
300:
235:
165:
107:
3822:
3577:
3563:
3536:
3524:
3405:
3322:
3306:
3294:
3135:
2562:
2508:
2269:
2080:
1980:
1862:
1812:
1275:
1095:
1014:
970:
877:
846:
821:
779:
699:
646:
625:
600:
504:
489:
400:
242:
187:
179:
138:
61:
2875:
2667:
2518:
2255:
2043:
2038:
1899:
1855:
1603:
660:
653:
358:
222:
172:
114:
3559:
3548:
3508:
3387:
3256:
3074:
3014:
2752:
2379:
2340:
2114:
2065:
1974:
1934:
1579:
1443:
1332:
1326:
1313:
1165:
1159:
1040:
856:
810:
688:
524:
332:
290:
3334:, the pope's representative in the country or region. He forwards it to whichever department of the
3821:
Circular Letter No. 1550/72 of 25 March 1972 from the
Council of the Public Affairs of the Church (
3733:
3434:
3237:
3152:
3147:
2870:
2842:
2778:
commissioned one of the first major church-wide studies of the patristic era. This "golden age" or
2757:
2732:
2712:
2503:
2384:
2351:
2324:
2319:
2181:
2156:
2070:
1761:
1264:
1250:
1225:
1220:
1060:
793:
674:
2731:
that causes one to be in communion with the
Catholic Church. This displays a recognition that, as
2715:(early 2nd century) does, that Rome "holds the presidency" among the other churches, and that, as
3632:
3540:
3512:
3480:
3331:
2964:
2920:
2801:
2597:
2222:
1819:
1766:
1550:
1399:
1394:
1147:
951:
851:
815:
632:
518:
325:
100:
3953:
3932:
3421:
3248:
3247:
It was in 1871 that a radical shift in law and practice began to take place. In that year the
2905:
2684:
2542:
2399:
2394:
2364:
2249:
2135:
1867:
1598:
1584:
1483:
1362:
1318:
1282:
1212:
1113:
1108:
1065:
1020:
1007:
940:
785:
681:
498:
365:
121:
77:
2688:
authority ... by the bishops who supervised the election and performed the ordination."
3612:
3504:
3488:
3473:
3338:
has particular responsibility for the selection of bishops for the country in question: the
3327:
3252:
3233:
3005:
2926:
2856:
2692:
2548:
2528:
2479:
2452:
2436:
2369:
1957:
1795:
1103:
1075:
734:
727:
453:
307:
144:
93:
70:
3709:. In the Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
3910:
3761:
3544:
3516:
3496:
3223:
2865:
2838:
2639:
2578:
2555:
2533:
2426:
2416:
1929:
1924:
1611:
1367:
840:
Note on the importance of the internal forum and the inviolability of the Sacramental Seal
767:
617:
529:
285:
414:
3309:(1962–1965), which declared that the right of nominating and appointing bishops belongs
2826:
3379:
3277:
3228:
3140:
3041:
2728:
2724:
2707:
2523:
2464:
2243:
2095:
1842:
1782:
1726:
1721:
935:
930:
639:
581:
428:
377:
318:
158:
3290:, the appointment of Catholic bishops remained in the hands of the civil authorities.
4068:
3487:
The chapter participates in the election of bishops of 13 of the 27 German dioceses (
3401:
3368:
3360:
3159:
2915:
2900:
2895:
2860:
2834:
2703:
2431:
2421:
2404:
2276:
2189:
1666:
1645:
1568:
1418:
1257:
421:
151:
3863:"Cardinal Wuerl appointed to Congregation for Bishops; Ouellet confirmed as prefect"
3396:
3347:
3298:
3264:
3169:
3052:
3000:
2980:
2959:
2954:
2691:
Examples of episcopal election in the early church include such notable figures as
2659:
2374:
2283:
2165:
1893:
1656:
1618:
1556:
1292:
1192:
892:
667:
207:
4007:
3894:
3883:
3850:
3846:
3834:
3810:
3799:
3788:
3460:
3429:
3378:
One important element in selecting a bishop is the list of priests, of both the
3241:
3057:
3047:
3035:
2806:
Later, state authorities demanded their consent for the election of bishops. In
2775:
2651:
2237:
1914:
1904:
1379:
962:
900:
798:
406:
393:
3626:
2774:
As part of the flourishing of culture and renewal under his reign, the Emperor
2592:
2492:
Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
3622:
3465:
2459:
2075:
1952:
1909:
1887:
1835:
1828:
1540:
1472:
1372:
906:
384:
3706:
3694:
3607:
3417:
3069:
2910:
2012:
1872:
1384:
1186:
1001:
882:
762:
719:
561:
371:
3603:
3335:
3286:
3282:
2807:
2789:
2716:
2099:
1882:
1661:
1639:
887:
694:
3433:
of 12 April 2007 published the text of the letter with which Archbishop
2196:
1529:
1301:
1287:
1070:
1032:
994:
566:
466:
228:
2695:. Episcopal election was so taken for granted that by the time of the
3386:
clergy, that the bishops of the ecclesiastical province or the whole
2647:
1562:
1496:
571:
3273:
1593:
Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law
3602:
totalling about 20 million people that are in communion with the
3302:
2655:
1142:
3269:
1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State
3573:
of names presented by the governing council (CN Art. 4 § 1)
3350:
bishops in certain Middle Eastern countries and Greece, the
3412:. The papal representative is also obliged to consult the
3367:
If the resignation is accepted with immediate effect, the
3606:
but their liturgy and other practices are different. A
2004:
List of cardinals excommunicated by the Catholic Church
1994:
List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church
3251:
gave the pope the right to choose the bishops of the
1999:
List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church
3062:
4028:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 181
3255:, all 237 of them, appointments that through the
1027:Matrimonial Nullity Trial Reforms of Pope Francis
133:Matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis
16:Process appointing bishops in the Catholic Church
2906:Apiarius of Sicca § Appeal to the bishop of Rome
1690:Formal act of defection from the Catholic Church
3214:, the Holy See was prepared to grant it to the
3340:Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
2973:To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation
2203:Beatification and canonization process in 1914
3646:Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops
3191:
2976:§ The Third Wall: Authority to Call a Council
2615:
8:
3444:The nuncio then decides on a short list, or
3165:Josip Juraj Strossmayer § Catholic diplomacy
3153:Old Catholic Church § First Vatican Council,
606:Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite
2876:First Vatican Council § Papal infallibility
2071:Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
3754:Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy
3198:
3184:
2921:Gregory II Youssef § First Vatican Council
2821:
2646:, neighbouring bishops, the faithful, the
2622:
2608:
2475:Canonical erection of a house of religious
2086:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
20:
577:Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful
3297:was able to finally affirm that, in the
3212:royal veto of the appointment of bishops
3129:Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox
2706:sought acceptance from Rome. Some early
1517:Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
3657:
3065:bishops § Centralization of papal power
2833:
613:General Instruction of the Roman Missal
41:
3695:Canon 6 of the First Council of Nicaea
3344:Congregation for the Oriental Churches
3342:in the case of mission countries, the
3127:Ecclesiastical differences between the
2911:Pentarchy § After the East–West Schism
551:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
87:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
3136:Ignaz von Döllinger § Papal authority
2172:Congregation for the Causes of Saints
1467:Delegata potestas non potest delegari
1414:Association of the Christian faithful
557:Eastern Canonical Reforms of Pius XII
7:
3317:Pastoral bishops in the Latin Church
2330:Journals and Professional Societies
2062:(tribunals & ministers/parties)
3914:. (18 January 1971). Archived from
3764:. Penguin Random House. Chapter 25.
3226:attempted to exercise the power of
3218:king. As late as the 20th century,
2683:It is unclear when the notion of a
2642:is a complicated process. Outgoing
3724:. Oxford University Press. p. 239.
3259:had fallen into the hands of King
2960:Conciliarism § Modern conciliarism
2702:The bishops of the most important
1154:Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures
14:
4075:Episcopacy in the Catholic Church
3931:(Cambridge University Press 1996
3873:from the original on 2 June 2017.
3721:A History of the Popes, 1830-1914
3679:Jurgens, W. A. (editor) (1970).
3641:Hierarchy of the Catholic Church
3625:
3479:In some countries, the diocesan
3148:Papal infallibility § Objections
2825:
2591:
1551:Resignation of the Roman Pontiff
804:Approbation (Catholic canon law)
257:Collectiones canonum Dionysianae
24:
3774:Second Vatican Council, Decree
2965:Ecumenical council § Acceptance
2901:Episcopal see § Catholic Church
1742:Incardination and excardination
1405:Types of membership of Opus Dei
1138:Supreme authority of the Church
758:Impediment (Catholic canon law)
264:Collectio canonum quadripartita
4080:Catholic ecclesiastical titles
3682:The Faith of the Early Fathers
3301:, the decision rests with the
2299:Legal practice and scholarship
2208:Election of the Roman Pontiff
2034:Lifetime of prayer and penance
990:Canonical form (Latin Church)
278:Collectio canonum Wigorniensis
271:Collectio canonum Quesnelliana
1:
3751:Norwich, John Julius (2012).
3155:Old Catholic Union of Utrecht
2818:Centralization of papal power
2720:
2498:Institute of consecrated life
474:Apostolicae Sedis moderationi
443:
347:
251:Collections of ancient canons
213:
3141:Ultramontanism § Position of
2335:Canon Law Society of America
2228:Reforms of Pope Benedict XVI
1963:Censure (Catholic canon law)
1791:Associations of the faithful
1776:Juridic and physical persons
1424:Quinquennial visit ad limina
780:Nullity of Sacred Ordination
3685:. Liturgical Press. p. 232.
3439:Apostolic Nuncio to Ireland
3261:Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
2993:Catholic episcopal councils
2933:Eastern Orthodox opposition
2470:Manifestation of Conscience
2305:List of legal abbreviations
1685:Person (Catholic canon law)
835:Internal and external forum
313:Lay investiture controversy
236:The Apostolic Constitutions
4101:
4085:Religious leadership roles
3952:(LIT Verlag, Münster 2008
3948:Monica-Elena Herghelegiu,
3670:. Psychology Press. p. 91.
3594:Eastern Catholic canon law
3587:
3121:Objections and controversy
3101:Cum ex apostolatus officio
2799:
2785:Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals
2743:Era of ecumenical councils
2413:Modern & Contemporary
2076:Tribunal of the Roman Rota
1747:Laicization (dispensation)
1536:Obreption & subreption
1449:Canonically crowned images
1134:, and canonical structures
296:Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals
3906:"More Trouble in Holland"
3760:29 September 2018 at the
3664:Patout Burns, J. (2002).
3600:Eastern Catholic Churches
3590:Eastern Catholic Churches
3584:Eastern Catholic Churches
2664:Eastern Catholic Churches
2650:, various members of the
2572:Society of apostolic life
2263:Romano Pontifici eligendo
1737:Clerics and public office
1634:Temporal goods (property)
1204:Local particular churches
1198:Eastern Catholic Churches
1089:Ratum sed non consummatum
3705:Sägmüller, J.B. (1909).
3356:Congregation for Bishops
3232:to veto the election of
3143:other apostolic churches
3131:Church § Papal authority
3108:Pascendi Dominici gregis
2217:Universi Dominici gregis
1233:Apostolic administration
1083:Matrimonial dispensation
957:Fast days and abstinence
863:Sacramentum Poenitentiae
830:Seal of the Confessional
4018:Herghelegiu 2008, p. 50
3742:. Random House. p. 401.
3718:Chadwick, Owen (2003).
3414:metropolitan archbishop
3410:apostolic administrator
3095:Development of doctrine
3063:Appointment of Catholic
2812:Investiture Controversy
2780:Carolingian Renaissance
2760:was normally required:
2749:First Council of Nicaea
2347:Faculties of canon law
2315:Licentiate of Canon Law
2177:Maiorem hac dilectionem
2143:Appeal as from an abuse
1969:De delictis gravioribus
1238:Apostolic administrator
1046:Impediments to Marriage
913:Indulgentiarum doctrina
401:Decretals of Gregory IX
301:Donation of Constantine
166:Orientalium ecclesiarum
108:Indulgentiarum Doctrina
3825:64, 1972, pp. 386 ff.)
3578:Second Vatican Council
3564:apostolic constitution
3562:established under the
3406:diocesan administrator
3323:1983 Code of Canon Law
3307:Second Vatican Council
3295:1917 Code of Canon Law
2767:
2636:appointment of bishops
2598:Catholicism portal
2563:Provida Mater Ecclesia
2270:Ingravescentem aetatem
2081:Apostolic Penitentiary
1981:Crimen sollicitationis
1863:Apostolic constitution
1813:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
1732:Obligation of celibacy
1276:Moderator of the Curia
1208:Appointment of bishops
1015:Declaration of Nullity
971:Holy day of obligation
878:Eucharistic discipline
847:Apostolic Penitentiary
822:Paenitentiale Theodori
799:Episcopal consecrators
775:Obligation of celibacy
721:Communicatio in sacris
700:Holy day of obligation
647:Scripturarum thesaurus
626:Sacrosanctum Concilium
601:General Roman Calendar
243:Canons of the Apostles
188:Precepts of the Church
180:Sacrosanctum concilium
139:Second Vatican Council
3971:Anglicanorum Coetibus
3867:Catholic World Report
3567:Anglicanorum Coetibus
3560:personal ordinariates
3539:), 3 Swiss dioceses (
3418:college of consultors
2762:
2256:Aeterni Patris Filius
2092:Ministers of Justice
2044:Ecclesiastical prison
2039:Canonical admonitions
1856:Protonotary apostolic
1333:Anglicanorum Coetibus
1166:Conference of bishops
661:Quattuor abhinc annos
654:Liturgiam authenticam
359:Corpus Juris Canonici
223:Ancient Church Orders
173:Presbyterorum ordinis
115:Praedicate evangelium
3927:Jonathan Steinberg,
3869:. 16 December 2013.
3739:The Popes: A History
3734:Norwich, John Julius
3533:Rottenburg-Stuttgart
3388:episcopal conference
3352:Secretariat of State
3346:in the case of even
3321:Canon 401 §1 of the
3257:unification of Italy
3075:Papal deposing power
3015:The Ratzinger Report
2916:Pope John XIX § Life
2753:metropolitan bishops
2380:Raymond of Penyafort
2139:(matrimonial causes)
2115:Defender of the Bond
1975:Complicit absolution
1935:Ecclesiastical Latin
1575:Validity and liceity
1444:Canonical coronation
1327:Personal ordinariate
1314:Military ordinariate
1160:College of Cardinals
1041:Defender of the Bond
857:Complicit absolution
741:Validity and liceity
689:Traditionis custodes
525:Papal judge-delegate
333:Plenitudo potestatis
291:Symmachian forgeries
3983:Complementary Norms
3849:, final words; cf.
3551:), and 1 Austrian (
3435:Giuseppe Lazzarotto
3238:1903 papal conclave
3236:as pope during the
2947:Ecumenical councils
2871:Papal infallibility
2758:metropolitan bishop
2747:By the time of the
2733:Cyprian of Carthage
2713:Ignatius of Antioch
2504:Religious institute
2390:Johannes Teutonicus
2352:School of Canon Law
2325:Doctor of both laws
2320:Doctor of Canon Law
2157:Vos estis lux mundi
2028:ferendae sententiae
2018:Laicization (penal)
1806:Canonical documents
1762:Canonical provision
1752:Canonical faculties
1456:Computation of time
1265:In persona episcopi
1251:Aeque principaliter
1245:Diocese/Archdiocese
1221:Apostolic vicariate
1178:Particular churches
1128:Supreme authority,
1061:Impediment of crime
794:Dimissorial letters
675:Summorum Pontificum
3950:Reservatio Papalis
3707:Right of Exclusion
3667:Cyprian the Bishop
3633:Catholicism portal
3332:apostolic delegate
2935:to papal supremacy
2802:Canonical election
2770:Era of Charlemagne
2727:with Rome and the
2223:Papal renunciation
2130:(trial procedure)
1820:Acta Sanctae Sedis
1767:Canonical election
1400:Personal prelature
1395:Pontifical council
1148:College of Bishops
852:Canon penitentiary
816:Penitential canons
633:Mysterii Paschalis
519:Contractum trinius
326:Libertas ecclesiae
101:Ex corde Ecclesiae
3958:978-3-8258-1665-0
3937:978-0-521-48453-4
3422:cathedral chapter
3249:Law of Guarantees
3208:
3207:
3089:compared to popes
3030:compared to popes
2995:compared to popes
2949:compared to popes
2890:compared to popes
2697:Council of Nicaea
2685:monarchial bishop
2632:
2631:
2543:Secular institute
2400:Burchard of Worms
2395:Geoffrey of Trani
2310:Academic degrees
2250:Papal appointment
2183:Advocatus Diaboli
2136:Dignitas connubii
1585:Apostolic visitor
1484:Taxa Innocentiana
1363:Collegiate church
1114:Petrine privilege
1109:Pauline privilege
1096:Sanatio in radice
1066:Disparity of cult
1021:Dignitas connubii
1008:Banns of marriage
786:Apostolicae curae
682:Magnum principium
507:Code of Canon Law
499:Ecclesiae Sanctae
492:Code of Canon Law
366:Decretum Gratiani
137:Documents of the
122:Veritatis gaudium
78:Magnum principium
64:Code of Canon Law
4092:
4059:
4054:
4048:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4030:
4025:
4019:
4016:
4010:
4005:
3999:
3995:Christus Dominus
3991:
3985:
3980:
3974:
3967:
3961:
3946:
3940:
3925:
3919:
3903:
3897:
3892:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3859:
3853:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3819:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3786:
3780:
3776:Christus Dominus
3771:
3765:
3749:
3743:
3731:
3725:
3716:
3710:
3703:
3697:
3692:
3686:
3677:
3671:
3662:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3613:major archbishop
3474:auxiliary bishop
3364:(now for then).
3328:apostolic nuncio
3253:Kingdom of Italy
3234:Mariano Rampolla
3200:
3193:
3186:
3070:Concordat § List
3028:Political rulers
3007:Christus Dominus
2927:Ravenna Document
2857:Primacy of Peter
2829:
2822:
2722:
2693:Ambrose of Milan
2648:apostolic nuncio
2624:
2617:
2610:
2596:
2595:
2549:Cum Sanctissimus
2529:Mendicant orders
2480:Pontifical right
2453:consecrated life
2437:Edward N. Peters
2152:Penal procedure
2024:Latae sententiae
1796:Consecrated life
1355:Team of priests
1171:Synod of Bishops
1104:Natural marriage
1076:Public propriety
735:Omnium in mentem
728:Ex opere operato
454:Council of Trent
448:
445:
352:
349:
308:Gregorian Reform
218:
215:
145:Christus Dominus
94:Ad tuendam fidem
71:Omnium in mentem
43:Canon law of the
28:
21:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4055:
4051:
4046:
4042:
4037:
4033:
4026:
4022:
4017:
4013:
4006:
4002:
3992:
3988:
3981:
3977:
3968:
3964:
3947:
3943:
3929:Why Switzerland
3926:
3922:
3904:
3900:
3893:
3889:
3882:
3878:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3845:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3820:
3816:
3809:
3805:
3798:
3794:
3787:
3783:
3772:
3768:
3762:Wayback Machine
3750:
3746:
3732:
3728:
3717:
3713:
3704:
3700:
3693:
3689:
3678:
3674:
3663:
3659:
3654:
3631:
3624:
3621:
3596:
3586:
3319:
3224:Austria-Hungary
3204:
3175:
3174:
3154:
3142:
3130:
3128:
3122:
3114:
3113:
3090:
3088:
3080:
3079:
3064:
3031:
3029:
3021:
3020:
2996:
2994:
2986:
2985:
2975:
2967:of the councils
2966:
2950:
2948:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2891:
2889:
2881:
2880:
2866:Papal supremacy
2852:
2820:
2804:
2798:
2796:Medieval Church
2772:
2745:
2681:
2676:
2640:Catholic Church
2628:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2579:Decretum laudis
2556:Primo Feliciter
2534:Clerics regular
2455:
2444:
2443:
2427:Pietro Gasparri
2417:Eugenio Corecco
2300:
2292:
2291:
2057:
2049:
2048:
1989:Excommunication
1948:
1940:
1939:
1930:Parish register
1829:Censor librorum
1807:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1774:
1680:
1672:
1671:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1612:Treatise on Law
1439:
1429:
1428:
1368:Parish register
1344:Juridic persons
1226:Apostolic vicar
1162:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1120:
986:
984:Matrimonial law
976:
975:
768:Defect of birth
715:
713:Sacramental law
705:
704:
618:Code of Rubrics
595:
587:
586:
545:
535:
534:
530:Right of option
485:(1918-present)
460:Benedictus Deus
446:
350:
286:Gelasian Decree
216:
203:
193:
192:
57:
45:Catholic Church
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4098:
4096:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4060:
4049:
4047:Canons 184–185
4040:
4031:
4020:
4011:
4000:
3986:
3975:
3962:
3941:
3920:
3898:
3887:
3876:
3854:
3839:
3827:
3814:
3803:
3792:
3781:
3766:
3744:
3726:
3711:
3698:
3687:
3672:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3620:
3617:
3585:
3582:
3318:
3315:
3278:Patronato real
3229:jus exclusivae
3220:Franz Joseph I
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3150:
3145:
3138:
3133:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3091:
3087:Existing dogma
3086:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3042:Patronato real
3038:
3032:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3011:
3003:
2997:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2969:
2962:
2957:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2831:
2830:
2819:
2816:
2797:
2794:
2771:
2768:
2744:
2741:
2729:bishop of Rome
2725:full communion
2708:Church Fathers
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2662:or one of the
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2524:Canons regular
2521:
2511:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2485:Diocesan right
2482:
2472:
2467:
2465:Exclaustration
2462:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2355:
2354:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2308:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2247:
2244:Jus exclusivae
2240:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2174:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2096:Judicial Vicar
2090:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2058:
2056:Procedural law
2055:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1843:Imprimi potest
1839:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1787:
1786:
1783:Jus patronatus
1772:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1727:Regular clergy
1724:
1722:Secular clergy
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1681:
1679:Law of persons
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1512:Interpretation
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1475:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1440:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1373:Lay trusteeism
1370:
1365:
1360:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1324:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1307:Eparchal curia
1299:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1271:Diocesan Curia
1268:
1261:
1254:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1218:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1092:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1024:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1005:
998:
987:
982:
981:
978:
977:
974:
973:
968:
967:
966:
954:
945:
944:
938:
936:Minor basilica
933:
931:Major basilica
928:
921:Sacred places
919:
918:
917:
916:
898:
897:
896:
895:
890:
885:
880:
870:
869:
868:
867:
866:
854:
849:
844:
843:
842:
832:
827:
826:
825:
808:
807:
806:
801:
796:
791:
790:
789:
777:
772:
771:
770:
765:
744:
743:
738:
731:
724:
716:
711:
710:
707:
706:
703:
702:
697:
692:
685:
678:
671:
664:
657:
650:
643:
640:Musicam sacram
636:
629:
622:
621:
620:
610:
609:
608:
596:
594:Liturgical law
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
582:Protosyncellus
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
546:
541:
540:
537:
536:
533:
532:
527:
522:
511:
510:
502:
495:
478:
477:
470:
463:
456:
439:Jus novissimum
435:
434:
433:
432:
429:Liber Septimus
425:
418:
411:
410:
409:
397:
390:
389:
388:
381:
378:Canon Episcopi
374:
339:
338:
337:
336:
329:
322:
319:Dictatus papae
315:
305:
304:
303:
293:
288:
283:
282:
281:
274:
267:
260:
248:
247:
246:
239:
232:
204:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
185:
184:
183:
176:
169:
162:
159:Optatam totius
155:
148:
135:
130:
125:
118:
111:
104:
97:
90:
83:
82:
81:
74:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
30:
29:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4097:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4058:
4053:
4050:
4044:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4024:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3918:13 July 2007.
3917:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3880:
3877:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3851:canon 364, 4°
3848:
3843:
3840:
3837:, towards end
3836:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3770:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3722:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3676:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3661:
3658:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3598:There are 23
3595:
3591:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3475:
3470:
3467:
3462:
3458:
3453:
3449:
3447:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3402:vicar general
3399:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3374:
3373:nunc pro tunc
3370:
3369:episcopal see
3365:
3363:
3362:
3361:nunc pro tunc
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3160:Sedevacantism
3158:
3156:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3125:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3084:
3083:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3009:§ Controversy
3008:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2981:Ultrajectines
2979:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2944:
2943:
2936:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2896:Papal primacy
2894:
2893:
2885:
2884:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:Papal primacy
2858:
2855:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2843:infallibility
2840:
2836:
2835:Papal primacy
2832:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2803:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2769:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2689:
2686:
2678:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2625:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:Ladislas Orsy
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:John D. Faris
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2277:Ubi periculum
2274:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2190:Oblatio vitae
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:Pars dynamica
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:Canon 1397 §2
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:Canonical age
1695:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1667:Temporalities
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1646:Cathedraticum
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1569:Vacatio legis
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:Jurisprudence
1433:
1432:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Vicar general
1417:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1258:Cathedraticum
1255:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1143:Roman Pontiff
1141:
1140:
1139:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1056:Clandestinity
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:
999:
997:
996:
992:
991:
989:
988:
985:
980:
979:
972:
969:
965:
964:
960:
959:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
948:
947:Sacred times
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
922:
915:
914:
910:
909:
908:
905:
904:
903:
902:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
860:
859:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
841:
838:
837:
836:
833:
831:
828:
824:
823:
819:
818:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
788:
787:
783:
782:
781:
778:
776:
773:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
759:
756:
755:
754:
751:
750:
749:
748:
742:
739:
737:
736:
732:
730:
729:
725:
723:
722:
718:
717:
714:
709:
708:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
690:
686:
684:
683:
679:
677:
676:
672:
670:
669:
665:
663:
662:
658:
656:
655:
651:
649:
648:
644:
642:
641:
637:
635:
634:
630:
628:
627:
623:
619:
616:
615:
614:
611:
607:
604:
603:
602:
599:
598:
597:Latin Church
591:
590:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
552:
548:
547:
544:
539:
538:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
520:
516:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
501:
500:
496:
494:
493:
488:
487:
486:
484:
483:
476:
475:
471:
469:
468:
464:
462:
461:
457:
455:
452:
451:
450:
441:
440:
431:
430:
426:
424:
423:
422:Extravagantes
419:
417:
416:
412:
408:
405:
404:
403:
402:
398:
396:
395:
391:
387:
386:
382:
380:
379:
375:
373:
370:
369:
368:
367:
363:
362:
361:
360:
356:
355:
354:
345:
344:
335:
334:
330:
328:
327:
323:
321:
320:
316:
314:
311:
310:
309:
306:
302:
299:
298:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
280:
279:
275:
273:
272:
268:
266:
265:
261:
259:
258:
254:
253:
252:
249:
245:
244:
240:
238:
237:
233:
231:
230:
226:
225:
224:
221:
220:
211:
210:
209:
202:
201:Legal history
197:
196:
189:
186:
182:
181:
177:
175:
174:
170:
168:
167:
163:
161:
160:
156:
154:
153:
152:Lumen gentium
149:
147:
146:
142:
141:
140:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
123:
119:
117:
116:
112:
110:
109:
105:
103:
102:
98:
96:
95:
91:
89:
88:
84:
80:
79:
75:
73:
72:
68:
67:
66:
65:
60:
59:
56:(current law)
55:
50:
49:
46:
40:
36:
32:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
4052:
4043:
4034:
4023:
4014:
4008:Canon 377 §5
4003:
3994:
3989:
3978:
3970:
3965:
3949:
3944:
3928:
3923:
3916:the original
3909:
3901:
3895:Canon 377 §4
3890:
3879:
3866:
3857:
3847:Canon 377 §3
3842:
3835:Canon 377 §3
3830:
3817:
3811:Canon 377 §3
3806:
3800:Canon 377 §2
3795:
3789:Canon 401 §2
3784:
3775:
3769:
3753:
3747:
3738:
3729:
3720:
3714:
3701:
3690:
3681:
3675:
3666:
3660:
3597:
3575:
3570:
3566:
3557:
3549:Sankt Gallen
3486:
3478:
3471:
3457:congregation
3454:
3450:
3445:
3443:
3428:
3426:
3397:sede vacante
3395:
3393:
3377:
3372:
3366:
3359:
3320:
3310:
3299:Latin Church
3292:
3285:
3276:
3265:Papal States
3246:
3227:
3209:
3170:Ultrajectine
3106:
3099:
3053:Febronianism
3040:
3013:
3006:
3001:Febronianism
2972:
2955:Conciliarity
2925:
2805:
2773:
2763:
2751:in 325, the
2746:
2736:
2701:
2690:
2682:
2679:Early Church
2660:Latin Church
2635:
2633:
2577:
2570:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2509:Congregation
2496:
2375:Jean Lemoine
2356:
2346:
2339:
2329:
2309:
2284:Quia propter
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2242:
2215:
2212:Current law
2207:
2195:
2188:
2182:
2166:Canonization
2164:
2155:
2134:
2127:
2126:
2060:Pars statica
2059:
2027:
2023:
1979:
1967:
1920:Positive law
1894:Motu proprio
1892:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1811:
1788:
1781:
1773:
1756:
1716:
1702:Emancipation
1657:Mass stipend
1652:Contract law
1644:
1619:Determinatio
1617:
1610:
1604:Ecclesiology
1591:
1567:
1557:Sede vacante
1555:
1546:Promulgation
1528:
1524:Jurisdiction
1482:
1478:Dispensation
1465:
1390:Congregation
1356:
1342:
1331:
1320:
1293:Vicar forane
1263:
1256:
1249:
1214:
1207:
1193:Latin Church
1185:
1176:
1175:
1153:
1152:
1137:
1094:
1087:
1031:
1019:
1000:
993:
961:
946:
920:
911:
901:Sacramentals
899:
893:Mass stipend
861:
820:
784:
745:
733:
726:
720:
687:
680:
673:
668:Ecclesia Dei
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
631:
624:
549:
517:
512:
506:
497:
491:
481:
480:
479:
472:
465:
459:
438:
437:
436:
427:
420:
415:Regulæ Juris
413:
399:
392:
383:
376:
364:
357:
342:
341:
340:
331:
324:
317:
276:
269:
262:
255:
241:
234:
227:
208:Jus antiquum
206:
205:
178:
171:
164:
157:
150:
143:
120:
113:
106:
99:
92:
85:
76:
69:
63:
53:
18:
3608:patriarchal
3461:Roman Curia
3430:Irish Times
3242:Pope Pius X
3058:Cisalpinism
3048:Josephinism
3036:Gallicanism
2776:Charlemagne
2652:Roman Curia
2519:Monasticism
2238:Cum proxime
2234:Historical
2148:Presumption
1915:Penitential
1905:Papal brief
1380:Roman Curia
963:Paenitemini
753:Holy Orders
543:Eastern law
482:Jus codicis
447: 1563
407:Decretalist
394:Jus commune
351: 1140
4069:Categories
3652:References
3588:See also:
3509:Hildesheim
3466:papal bull
3283:Portuguese
2888:Patriarchs
2800:See also:
2668:episcopate
2654:, and the
2460:Solemn vow
2370:Hostiensis
2357:Canonists
2341:The Jurist
2120:Procurator
2100:Officialis
1953:Canon 1324
1910:Papal bull
1888:Encyclical
1836:Imprimatur
1580:Visitation
1541:Obrogation
1502:Impediment
1473:Derogation
1357:in solidum
1130:particular
952:Feast days
907:Indulgence
811:Confession
747:Sacraments
385:Margaritae
54:Ius vigens
4057:Canon 152
4038:Canon 182
3939:), p. 225
3884:Canon 379
3529:Paderborn
3525:Osnabrück
3384:religious
3293:Thus the
2839:supremacy
2790:decretals
2361:Medieval
2066:Tribunals
2013:Interdict
1947:Penal law
1900:Ordinance
1873:Concordat
1707:Exemption
1662:Stole fee
1385:Dicastery
1321:sui juris
1187:sui juris
1184:Churches
1002:Ne Temere
883:Canon 915
873:Eucharist
763:Abstemius
572:Exarchate
562:Nomocanon
372:Decretist
343:Jus novum
217: 33
3960:), p. 49
3871:Archived
3758:Archived
3736:(2011).
3619:See also
3604:Holy See
3558:For the
3553:Salzburg
3501:Freiburg
3420:and the
3382:and the
3380:diocesan
3336:Holy See
3287:Padroado
3281:and the
2851:Overview
2808:medieval
2717:Irenaeus
2111:Parties
1925:Rescript
1883:Decretal
1717:Clerics
1640:Benefice
1599:Theology
1507:Donation
1319:Mission
1283:Chancery
1132:churches
1051:Affinity
943:(chapel)
888:Celebret
695:Red Mass
35:a series
33:Part of
3521:Münster
3513:Limburg
3493:Cologne
3481:chapter
3459:of the
3274:Spanish
3216:British
2674:History
2644:bishops
2638:in the
2451:Law of
2405:Brocard
2385:Rufinus
2365:Gratian
2197:Positio
2105:Auditor
1757:Office
1530:Peritus
1492:Faculty
1302:Eparchy
1288:Deanery
1215:nullius
1213:Abbacy
1071:Ligamen
1033:Vetitum
995:Tametsi
941:Oratory
567:Eparchy
467:Tametsi
449:-1918)
353:-1563)
229:Didache
219:-1140)
3956:
3935:
3489:Aachen
3400:, the
3311:per se
3267:. The
2859:&
2737:entire
1878:Decree
1851:Notary
1712:Heresy
1563:Simony
1497:Indult
1461:Custom
1350:Parish
926:Altars
513:Other
128:Custom
37:on the
3571:terna
3541:Basel
3537:Trier
3517:Mainz
3505:Fulda
3497:Essen
3446:terna
3348:Latin
2514:Order
1868:Canon
505:1983
490:1917
62:1983
3997:, 20
3954:ISBN
3933:ISBN
3911:Time
3778:, 20
3592:and
3545:Chur
3455:The
3303:pope
2841:and
2704:sees
2656:pope
2634:The
2026:and
3823:AAS
3555:).
3404:or
3330:or
3222:of
4071::
3908:.
3865:.
3547:,
3543:,
3535:,
3531:,
3527:,
3523:,
3519:,
3515:,
3511:,
3507:,
3503:,
3499:,
3495:,
3491:,
3437:,
2837:,
2721:c.
2670:.
444:c.
348:c.
214:c.
3199:e
3192:t
3185:v
2719:(
2623:e
2616:t
2609:v
2098:/
442:(
346:(
212:(
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