444:. Small for a skua, the parasitic jaeger measures 41–48 cm (16–19 in) in length, 107–125 cm (42–49 in) in wingspan and weighs 300–650 g (11 oz – 1 lb 7 oz). The tail streamer of the breeding adult accounts for about 7 cm (3 in) of their length. Light-morph adults have a brown back, mainly white underparts and dark primary wing feathers with a white "flash". The head and neck are yellowish-white with a black cap and there is a pointed central tail projection. Dark-morph adults are dark brown, and intermediate-phase birds are dark with somewhat paler underparts, head and neck. All morphs have the white wing flash.
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Identification of juveniles is even more problematic, and it is difficult to separate parasitic jaegers from long-tailed jaegers. Parasitic jaegers are bulkier, shorter-winged, and less tern-like than long-tailed jaegers. They are usually warmer toned, with browner shades, rather than grey. However,
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This bird will feed on rodents, insects, eggs, chicks and small birds in the breeding season, but the majority of its diet (especially in winter and on migration) is made up of food that it acquires by robbing other
598:
consist of up to four olive-brown eggs. Jaegers are usually silent except for mewing and wailing notes while on the breeding grounds. Like other skuas, it will fly at the head of a human or fox approaching its nest.
348:
as "within the Tropic of Cancer of Europe, America and Asia" but this is now restricted to the
Swedish coastline. The parasitic jaeger is now placed with the six other skuas in the genus
636:
was regionally uplisted to
Endangered in Iceland, from Least Concern in 2000, after their numbers declined drastically in the early 2000s. It is globally listed as Least Concern.
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538:, wintering at sea in the tropics and southern oceans. While much of the migration is over sea, overland spring migration occurs in the
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Systema
Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
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The typical call of these birds is a nasal mewing sound, repeated a few times in display. Their alarm call is a shorter sound.
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and means "of dung"; the food disgorged by other birds when pursued by skuas was once thought to be excrement. The specific
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is a major source of food for this species during migration and winter, and is where the name is derived from.
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711:(in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. pp. 136–137.
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460:-like. The parasitic jaeger is the most common of the three jaeger species seen from shore.
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731:. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 311-312.
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and North
America, with significant populations as far south as northern
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known for its colony of that bird. The general
Faroese term for skuas is
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family
Stercorariidae. It is a migratory species that breeds in Northern
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they show the same wide range of plumage variation. The flight is more
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1006:)," Icelandic Institute of Natural History, last updated October 2018.
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Arctic skua information and photos at the Handa Island Skua
Project
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is from Latin and means "parasitic". The word "jaeger" is the
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Wiley, R.H.; Lee, D.S. (2020). Billerman, S.M. (ed.).
386:, meaning "hunter". The English "skua" comes from the
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that was introduced in 1760 by the French zoologist
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1021:
Species text in The Atlas of
Southern African Birds
546:, and overland fall migration occurs from northern
930:
845:
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681:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22694245A132535550.en
432:Identification is complicated by similarities to
971:"The Fall Migration of Jaegers on Lake Ontario"
943:. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
8:
779:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
307:and winters across the southern hemisphere.
1081:
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81:
59:
40:
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554:among Eurasian populations, and over the
1002:Kristinn Haukur Skarphéðinsson, "Kjói (
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782:. London: Christopher Helm. pp.
757:. International Ornithologists' Union
411:
394:
7:
1486:73faf92d-af75-44af-ac2a-6384a8e14f9b
1362:arctic-skua-stercorarius-parasiticus
1326:99a414e9-3abb-4cf5-b3a9-112cc235fc72
1071:Audio recordings of Parasitic jaeger
866:participating institution membership
832:participating institution membership
620:) of their catches in an act called
471:This species breeds in the north of
440:, and the existence of three colour
1600:IUCN Red List least concern species
667:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
904:Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (1992).
503:. Birds in North America breed in
358:. The species is considered to be
323:in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist
25:
906:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
1605:IUCN Red List endangered species
755:IOC World Bird List Version 14.1
728:Check-List of Birds of the World
106:
656:BirdLife International (2018).
366:are recognised. The genus name
1053:Parasitic jaeger photo gallery
562:) among American populations.
1:
751:"Noddies, gulls, terns, auks"
1055:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1000:https://www.ni.is/node/27109
975:Journal of Field Ornithology
969:Sherony, Dominic F. (1999).
451:An immature parasitic jaeger
1655:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1671:
1034:Birds by Name: Arctic skua
534:The parasitic jaeger is a
1059:Interactive range map of
853:Oxford English Dictionary
819:Oxford English Dictionary
776:Jobling, James A (2010).
674:: e.T22694245A132535550.
344:. Linnaeus specified the
319:The parasitic jaeger was
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103:Scientific classification
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1645:Birds of Southern Africa
1577:Stercorarius-parasiticus
1163:Stercorarius_parasiticus
1150:Stercorarius_parasiticus
1125:Stercorarius parasiticus
1095:Stercorarius parasiticus
1061:Stercorarius parasiticus
1045:Internet Bird Collection
1004:Stercorarius parasiticus
934:Stercorarius parasiticus
749:, eds. (December 2023).
660:Stercorarius parasiticus
634:Stercorarius parasiticus
467:Distribution and habitat
356:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
268:Stercorarius parasiticus
212:Stercorarius parasiticus
1650:Birds described in 1758
858:Oxford University Press
824:Oxford University Press
882:. 2011. Archived from
586:Nesting occurs on dry
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499:, and some islands in
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1533:Paleobiology Database
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513:Northwest Territories
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403:, with the island of
1630:Birds of Scandinavia
1321:Fauna Europaea (new)
540:Canning River Valley
523:coast, and parts of
428:Dark morph (Iceland)
1620:Birds of the Arctic
1040:"Arctic skua media"
932:"Parasitic Jaeger (
856:(Online ed.).
822:(Online ed.).
628:Conservation status
396:[ˈskɪkvʊər]
261:(North America) or
249:Linnaeus, 1758
194:S. parasiticus
51:Conservation status
1615:Cosmopolitan birds
1066:IUCN Red List maps
989:– via JSTOR.
941:Birds of the World
880:"Parasitic jaeger"
745:; Donsker, David;
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453:
434:long-tailed jaeger
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321:formally described
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1520:Open Tree of Life
1087:Taxon identifiers
915:978-0-8493-4258-5
864:(Subscription or
830:(Subscription or
797:978-1-4081-2501-4
747:Rasmussen, Pamela
723:Peters, James Lee
579:Eggs, Collection
413:[ˈtʃɛkvə]
342:Larus parasiticus
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246:Larus parasiticus
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35:Parasitic jaeger
16:(Redirected from
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981:(1): 33–41.
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884:the original
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560:Lake Ontario
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1546:SeaLifeBase
1476:arctic-skua
1461:Neotropical
1422:NatureServe
1370:iNaturalist
1119:Wikispecies
743:Gill, Frank
687:7 September
612:(primarily
556:Great Lakes
529:Nunatsiavut
420:Description
376:parasiticus
281:Scandinavia
263:Arctic skua
18:Arctic Skua
1594:Categories
1572:Xeno-canto
1075:Xeno-canto
890:2011-10-20
868:required.)
834:required.)
640:References
521:Hudson Bay
493:Sutherland
401:great skua
364:subspecies
337:under the
265:(Europe) (
88:Endangered
632:In 2018,
590:, higher
497:Caithness
360:monotypic
293:Greenland
188:Species:
126:Kingdom:
120:Eukaryota
95:)(Europe)
1427:2.100286
1414:22694245
1388:11403717
1274:45510695
1199:22694245
1194:BirdLife
1183:BioLib:
1104:Wikidata
813:"Jaeger"
705:(1758).
596:Clutches
571:Breeding
566:Behavior
481:Shetland
477:Scotland
399:for the
315:Taxonomy
285:Scotland
271:), is a
238:Synonyms
220:Linnaeus
166:Family:
140:Chordata
136:Phylum:
130:Animalia
116:Domain:
93:IUCN 3.1
71:IUCN 3.1
1339:2481621
1235:bob5670
1171:Avibase
1110:Q203053
987:4514379
954:20 July
761:21 July
603:Feeding
550:to the
536:migrant
517:Nunavut
473:Eurasia
392:skúgvur
388:Faroese
331:of his
327:in the
305:Siberia
289:Iceland
275:in the
273:seabird
222:, 1758)
176:Genus:
156:Order:
146:Class:
91: (
69: (
1564:137172
1525:742640
1512:137172
1483:NZOR:
1473:NZBO:
1466:parjae
1401:176793
1346:GNAB:
1295:EURING
1261:parjae
1222:parjae
1138:parjae
985:
912:
847:"Skua"
794:
588:tundra
548:Russia
544:Alaska
519:, the
505:Alaska
501:Argyll
487:, the
485:Orkney
458:falcon
442:morphs
409:kjógvi
405:Skúvoy
380:German
303:, and
301:Alaska
1610:Skuas
1559:WoRMS
1551:75053
1538:83387
1453:54059
1383:IRMNG
1313:96915
1282:EUNIS
1256:eBird
1248:52D8N
1219:BOW:
1212:10099
983:JSTOR
862:
828:
618:terns
614:gulls
610:birds
592:fells
509:Yukon
479:, in
390:name
384:Jäger
382:word
372:Latin
362:: no
1507:OBIS
1448:NCBI
1409:IUCN
1396:ITIS
1375:4489
1334:GBIF
1300:5670
1287:1276
1207:BOLD
1186:8684
1031:RSPB
956:2024
910:ISBN
792:ISBN
763:2024
689:2022
672:2018
616:and
527:and
483:and
436:and
277:skua
257:The
150:Aves
1499:273
1435:NBN
1357:IBC
1269:EoL
1243:CoL
1230:BTO
1158:AFD
1145:ADW
1134:ABA
1073:on
1064:at
945:doi
788:365
784:292
676:doi
370:is
1596::
1574::
1561::
1548::
1535::
1522::
1509::
1496::
1463::
1450::
1437::
1424::
1411::
1398::
1385::
1372::
1359::
1336::
1323::
1310::
1297::
1284::
1271::
1258::
1245::
1232::
1209::
1196::
1173::
1160::
1147::
1136::
1121::
1106::
1042:.
979:70
977:.
973:.
939:.
850:.
816:.
790:.
786:,
753:.
670:.
664:.
648:^
624:.
542:,
531:.
515:,
511:,
507:,
495:,
491:,
416:.
299:,
295:,
291:,
287:,
283:,
1077:.
1048:.
958:.
947::
918:.
893:.
860:.
826:.
800:.
765:.
691:.
678::
662:"
658:"
218:(
73:)
20:)
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