298:’ interpretation, Kumarbi spat him out on the mountain Kanzura. This interpretation relies on the assumption that Kanzura was understood as the source of the Tigris, but according to Erik van Dongen it is not plausible, especially since it seems the mountain is only mentioned after the presumed birth of Aranzaḫ. He notes it cannot however be ruled out that the newborn river god was instantly taken to Kanzura. According to Gary Beckman, while Kumarbi does spit out one of his sons on Kanzura, the passage refers to Tašmišu (under the name of his Hittite counterpart,
348:. The choice of this location is presumed to reflect its perception as the ideal example of governance in early Hurrian tradition. The section of the text usually presumed to be its beginning describes how Gurparanzaḫ gained renown during a hunt organized by a king of Akkad, Impakru, how he was chosen to marry his daughter Tadizuli, and how he won an archery competition. Aranzaḫ himself only takes an active role later on, when Gurparanzaḫ and Tadizuli are separated prior to
489:
353:
Nuadu, and inquires him about the cause of his sadness. His response apparently deals with the matter of his wife's dowry, but its interpretation is uncertain. Aranzaḫ then meets with fate goddesses to seek advice, as the fate of mortals depends on their decisions. The final preserved paragraph before the text breaks off mentions Aranzaḫ and the fate goddesses once again.
352:
of the marriage. It is possible that the latter of the protagonists urges him to intervene. According to Mary R. Bachvarova's interpretation, he takes the form of an eagle to travel. He flies off to find
Gurparanzaḫ, who is grieving alongside the other participants of the competition in the city of
324:(also romanized as Kurparanzah), whose eponymous protagonist is a king whose name can be translated as “quiver of Aranzaḫ”. He is said to rule the city of Ailanuwa, which has not been located yet. It is not mentioned in any other texts, though according to Franca Pecchioli Daddi its name might be a
343:
It is estimated that the tale of
Gurparanzaḫ was originally a lengthy composition, but only a few small late Hittite fragments of it survive. Two episodes have been reconstructed, but the order in which they should be arranged is not certain. The narrative takes place in
293:
A further section of the same myth likely describes the birth of Aranzaḫ. This seemingly occurs after
Kumarbi's skull was broken and subsequently mended to enable the birth of Teshub, and thus it is not certain how the other child came to be born. According to
426:
such as Aranzi, which according to Ran Zadok might reflect the antiquity of their use, stemming from
Hurrian culture plausibly originating in the proximity of the Tigris. A certain Ḫazip-Aranziḫ, "Aranzaḫ granted", appears in an enumeration of men sent to
520:, generic designations for northern lands, and its indigenous name is not known, but it can be assumed it was culturally Hurrian. Very little is known about its religion, though it is known that the Tigris Grotto (“Tigris source”) was visited by
435:
and local officials responsible for their reception as a member of the latter group. Other individuals bearing names invoking Aranzaḫ have been identified in texts from sites located in all regions inhabited by
Hurrians, for example
471:, according to Dennis Pardee is to be understood as an Ugaritic form of the Hurrian name of the Tigris, though he notes that in this context the name seems to refer to a city, which is unparalleled.
217:
theophoric names invoking deified Tigris, for example Ur-Idigina, are known too, but they are less common. In a single source, the deified Tigris, referred to as
Idiqlat, appears as a servant of
481:(tablet II, line 46) records “Aranzû” and “Aransuḫ” as the Hurrian names of the Tigris. A presumed Hittite derivative of the name, Arazaḫi, is also attested in Akkadian texts from
516:, can be connected to Hurrian traditions pertaining to the worship of the river as a deity. Shubria is only the Assyrian name of this area, derived from earlier terms Subir and
1743:
317:. Based on the references to birth of deities and the presence of Aranzaḫ it has been proposed that they might deal with the rise of Teshub and his conflict with Kumarbi.
544:
area, it is possible that a custom of granting religiously motivated asylum in the proximity of the surrounding holy precinct was observed by local inhabitants.
528:
to make sacrifices, which might indicate it was an internationally renowned religious site. The visit of the latter king is among the scenes depicted on the
1847:
255:. According to Harry Hoffner it can be presumed that he was counted among the allies of the former of the two combatants. His origin is s described in the
309:, which might represent a different version of the same tale or a different part of the same cycle of myths. The text is focused on prophecies issued by
1526:
Hethitische
Literatur: Überlieferungsprozesse, Textstrukturen, Ausdrucksformen und Nachwirken: Akten des Symposiums vom 18. bis 20. Februar 2010 in Bonn
1274:
Hethitische
Literatur: Überlieferungsprozesse, Textstrukturen, Ausdrucksformen und Nachwirken: Akten des Symposiums vom 18. bis 20. Februar 2010 in Bonn
1570:
Die
Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen
277:, and as a result becomes impregnated with a number of deities, including the representation of the Tigris. Anu proceeds to taunt him about this:
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1471:
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1411:
1340:
1319:
1281:
1231:
374:
Sargon made a sacrifice of one ox and seven sheep to Aranzaḫ. Such a combination of sacrificial animals is otherwise rare in
Hittite texts.
1552:
2236:
289:. I have placed three frightful deities as a burden in your belly, and you will end up banging your head against the rocks of Mt. Tašša!
1384:
1840:
2023:
2388:
1358:"Tigris A. 3. bis Mitte 2. Jahrtausend · Tigris A. From the 3rd millennium to the first half of the 2nd millennium B.C."
281:
Do not rejoice over your belly, for I have placed a burden in your belly. First, I have impregnated you with the mighty
285:. Second, I have impregnated you with the River Tigris, not to be borne. Third, I have impregnated you with the mighty
2419:
390:, Aranzaḫ could be invoked in theophoric names. Multiple examples are known. Some already occur in sources from the
1833:
1460:"Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Musasir, Kumme, Ukku and Šubria – the Buffer States between Assyria and Urartu"
2414:
2143:
340:. The river god is portrayed as Gurparanzaḫ's ally. He has been interpreted as his personal protective deity.
1562:. Vol. 6. Verlag Butzon & Bercker Kevelaer / Neukirchener Verlag Neukirchen-Vluyn. pp. 353–400.
1885:
399:
2114:
2424:
391:
222:
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2216:
126:
during a battle over kingship in heaven. He also appears in a myth focused on a hero named after him,
1928:
2211:
2109:
2281:
1807:
1724:
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329:
321:
210:
127:
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1856:
1799:
1759:
1749:
1716:
1689:
1650:
1617:
1584:
1574:
1539:
1529:
1508:
1498:
1477:
1467:
1438:
1430:
1417:
1407:
1390:
1380:
1336:
1315:
1287:
1277:
1237:
1227:
521:
456:
214:
206:
150:
in the first millennium BCE were linked to earlier Hurrian worship of the Tigris as a deity.
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2003:
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1307:
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202:
179:
167:
131:
2383:
1435:
Semitic and Assyriological Studies: Presented to Pelio Fronzaroli by Pupils and Colleagues
525:
367:
363:
265:
1431:"From Akkad to Ḫattuša: The History of Gurparanzaḫ and the River that Gave Him Its Name"
1335:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill.
2271:
2161:
468:
358:
135:
1933:
209:
names such as Migir-Idiqlat. They similarly reflect the perception of the Tigris as a
2408:
1983:
1890:
529:
501:
475:
441:
111:
2124:
2028:
1943:
286:
74:
1464:
Biainili-Urartu: the proceedings of the symposium held in Munich 12-14 October 2007
1299:
541:
497:
488:
437:
423:
356:
As the name of the river Tigris, Aranzaḫ is mentioned in the Hittite adaptation of
349:
345:
295:
2241:
1978:
1968:
1357:
1250:
299:
1772:
1495:
Kulturlandschaft Syrien: Zentrum und Peripherie. Festschrift für Jan-Waalke Meyer
1330:
2286:
2078:
1631:"The Hittite Song of Going Forth" (CTH 344): A Reconsideration of the Narrative"
428:
337:
302:) and Aranzaḫ is only born later, exiting Kumarbi's body through unknown means.
139:
1798:. 46/47. Archiv für Orientforschung (AfO)/Institut für Orientalistik: 208–212.
1646:
492:
A depiction of the expedition to the source of the Tigris on the Balawat Gates.
269:. During a conflict over kingship in heaven, Kumarbi bites off the genitals of
2327:
2129:
2088:
2063:
2033:
2013:
1963:
464:
371:
227:
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1803:
1720:
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1512:
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1763:
1588:
1394:
432:
190:
183:
171:
2083:
2018:
1973:
1613:
1685:
1311:
2337:
2246:
2201:
2093:
1918:
1870:
1522:"Ea and the Beast. The Hittite Text and its relation to the Greek Poetry"
537:
532:(Band X). As Shubria is well attested as a destination for refugees from
445:
383:
314:
159:
1811:
1728:
1662:
130:, in which he acts as his ally. He is also attested in numerous Hurrian
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1630:
517:
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252:
147:
143:
119:
60:
17:
305:
A reference to someone being pregnant with Aranzaḫ is also present in
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2119:
2058:
2053:
1953:
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533:
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282:
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163:
115:
70:
40:
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1597:
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1269:
1459:
1219:
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2332:
2166:
2151:
509:
487:
274:
218:
175:
1002:
1000:
987:
985:
2317:
232:
134:. A handful of attestations of his name have been identified in
1829:
1220:"Hurro-Hittite Stories and Hittite Pregnancy and Birth Rituals"
118:. He was believed to be one of the deities born as a result of
2156:
1558:. In Kurt Bergerhof; Manfried Dietrich; Oswald Loretz (eds.).
1068:
1066:
270:
123:
56:
247:, a group of Hurrian myths which describe a conflict between
1641:(1). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG): 23–84.
1029:
1027:
960:
958:
921:
919:
382:
Similarly to other rivers, mountains and cities regarded as
328:
variant of Alilanum, a city located in the proximity of the
146:
references to offerings made to the source of the Tigris in
142:
texts as well. Additionally, it has been suggested that the
536:
and Assyria, including inhabitants of cities as distant as
508:
in the first millennium BCE, comparable to the position of
336:
whose Hurrian king, Masum-atal, is mentioned in texts from
189:
In contrast with Aranzaḫ, Hurrians had no own name for the
1598:"Sargon, Anitta, and the Hittite Kings against Purušḫanda"
1493:. In Becker, Jörg; Hempelmann, Ralph; Rehm, Ellen (eds.).
1270:"Primordial Obstetrics. "The Song of Emergence" (CTH 344)"
646:
644:
642:
394:. While most rivers appear only in names with the element
1676:
Westenholz, Joan Goodnick (1997). "Res Gestae Sargonis".
629:
627:
243:
Aranzaḫ is among the deities who appear in the so-called
1160:
1158:
1156:
599:
597:
584:
582:
580:
1553:"Hurrians and Hurrian Personal Names in the Mari Texts"
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565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
231:
the same deity is counted as a member of the circle of
663:
661:
659:
614:
612:
201:
Ran Zadok compares attestations of Aranzaḫ in Hurrian
1107:
1105:
320:
Aranzaḫ is one of the main characters in the myth of
182:. Aranzaḫ could also be understood as the name of a
2366:
2300:
2264:
2229:
2189:
2142:
2102:
1996:
1906:
1899:
1863:
186:representing it. It is agreed he was a male deity.
85:
80:
66:
52:
47:
32:
1715:. British Institute for the Study of Iraq: 21–27.
370:. According to the Hittite version, on the way to
1045:
1006:
991:
949:
402:are attested in the case of Aranzaḫ, including
366:'s expedition to lands to the northwest of the
279:
174:remains unknown. The river was perceived as a
158:It is presumed that Aranzaḫ, the name used by
1841:
8:
1792:"Geographical, onomastic, and lexical notes"
1748:. Warminster, England: Aris & Phillips.
1224:Women in the ancient Near East: a sourcebook
1406:. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.
2186:
2139:
2099:
1993:
1903:
1848:
1834:
1826:
1491:"Ein Hurriter wird geboren... und benannt"
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826:
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778:
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1705:"Notes on the Old Assyrian Sargon Legend"
459:script), mentioned as the destination of
273:, who earlier deposed the primordial god
1773:"Name, Namengebung D. Bei den Hurritern"
633:
850:
838:
766:
742:
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718:
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1573:(in German). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
1200:
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1164:
1147:
1135:
1123:
29:
1497:(in German). Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.
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618:
7:
1332:Geschichte der hethitischen Religion
1251:"Tigris B. Im 2. und 1. Jahrtausend"
1111:
976:
937:
802:
706:
679:
1703:Westenholz, Joan Goodnick (2007).
25:
225:forerunner of the later god list
1429:Pecchioli Daddi, Franca (2003).
197:Other deifications of the Tigris
1680:. Penn State University Press.
1379:. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press.
1678:Legends of the Kings of Akkade
1222:. In Chavalas, Mark W. (ed.).
398:and its derivatives, multiple
362:. This composition focuses on
1:
1608:(1). Walter de Gruyter GmbH.
313:, an unidentified animal, to
263:and in older publications as
1777:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
1602:Altorientalische Forschungen
1362:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
1255:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
1218:Bachvarova, Mary R. (2014).
98:(alternatively romanized as
122:biting off the genitals of
2441:
1796:Archiv für Orientforschung
1647:10.13109/wdor.2012.42.1.23
1528:. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.
1356:Heimpel, Wolfgang (2014),
1276:. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.
378:Miscellaneous attestations
114:who represented the river
2367:Related systems of belief
1629:van Dongen, Erik (2012).
1567:Schwemer, Daniel (2001).
1404:Ritual and cult at Ugarit
1304:Die hethitische Literatur
1257:(in German), vol. 14
467:in RS 24.244, one of the
39:Deification of the river
37:
2190:Deified natural features
1771:Wilhelm, Gernot (1998),
1742:Wilhelm, Gernot (1989).
1520:Rutherford, Ian (2011).
1489:Richter, Thomas (2010).
500:, the importance of the
422:, in addition to use of
170:origin, but its precise
1886:List of Hurrian deities
1551:Sasson, Jack M (1974).
1402:Pardee, Dennis (2002).
1375:Hoffner, Harry (1998).
1329:Haas, Volkert (2015) .
1249:Bagg, Ariel M. (2014),
86:Mesopotamian equivalent
1614:10.1524/aofo.2009.0005
1596:Torri, Giulia (2009).
1458:Radner, Karen (2012).
1268:Beckman, Gary (2011).
493:
451:The toponym ʾArššiḫu (
291:
162:to refer to the river
2389:Mesopotamian religion
2230:Other mythical beings
1686:10.1515/9781575065038
1312:10.1515/9783110193794
1306:. Walter de Gruyter.
1226:. London: Routledge.
491:
392:Old Babylonian period
2024:Goddess of the Night
1929:Hutena and Hutellura
1635:Die Welt des Orients
1046:Pecchioli Daddi 2003
1007:Pecchioli Daddi 2003
992:Pecchioli Daddi 2003
950:Pecchioli Daddi 2003
2110:Ninatta and Kulitta
1864:General information
1790:Zadok, Ran (1999).
1466:. Leuven: Peeters.
1191:, pp. 263–264.
1179:, pp. 260–261.
1021:, pp. 287–288.
913:, pp. 218–219.
889:, pp. 217–218.
457:Ugaritic alphabetic
257:Song of Going Forth
2420:Sea and river gods
1560:Ugarit-Forschungen
494:
431:by allies of king
154:Name and character
2402:
2401:
2394:Ugaritic religion
2301:Religious centers
2260:
2259:
2225:
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2185:
2184:
2138:
2137:
1992:
1991:
1857:Hurrian mythology
1755:978-0-85668-442-5
1695:978-1-57506-503-8
1580:978-3-447-04456-1
1535:978-3-86835-063-0
1504:978-3-86835-034-0
1473:978-90-429-2438-3
1444:978-3-447-04749-4
1413:978-90-04-12657-2
1342:978-90-04-29394-6
1321:978-3-11-018877-6
1283:978-3-86835-063-0
1233:978-0-415-44855-0
1075:, pp. 24–25.
817:, pp. 56–57.
769:, pp. 27–28.
721:, pp. 40–41.
682:, pp. 28–29.
522:Tiglath-pileser I
474:The Mesopotamian
261:Song of Emergence
102:), also known as
93:
92:
27:Hurrian river god
16:(Redirected from
2432:
2379:Hittite religion
2374:Eblaite religion
2237:Earth and Heaven
2187:
2144:Primeval deities
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1994:
1904:
1881:Hurrian religion
1876:Hurrian language
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1437:. Harrassowitz.
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334:Sinjar Mountains
307:Ea and the Beast
259:, also known as
203:theophoric names
180:Hurrian religion
132:theophoric names
30:
21:
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2415:Hurrian deities
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2384:Luwian religion
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2212:Namni and Ḫazzi
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2103:Servant deities
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1085:Westenholz 1997
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1073:Westenholz 2007
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1058:Bachvarova 2014
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1034:Bachvarova 2014
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911:Rutherford 2011
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899:Rutherford 2011
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875:van Dongen 2012
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863:van Dongen 2012
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827:van Dongen 2012
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815:van Dongen 2012
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791:van Dongen 2012
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779:van Dongen 2012
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651:van Dongen 2012
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526:Shalmaneser III
380:
368:Akkadian Empire
266:Song of Kumarbi
241:
221:, while in the
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156:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2255:
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2227:
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2223:
2222:
2220:
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2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2115:Šeri and Ḫurri
2112:
2106:
2104:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1830:
1823:
1822:
1787:
1768:
1754:
1739:
1700:
1694:
1673:
1626:
1593:
1579:
1564:
1548:
1534:
1517:
1503:
1486:
1472:
1455:
1443:
1426:
1412:
1399:
1385:
1372:
1364:, vol. 14
1353:
1341:
1326:
1320:
1296:
1282:
1265:
1246:
1232:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:, p. 263.
1193:
1181:
1169:
1167:, p. 264.
1152:
1150:, p. 187.
1140:
1138:, p. 178.
1128:
1126:, p. 361.
1116:
1101:
1089:
1077:
1062:
1060:, p. 290.
1050:
1048:, p. 491.
1038:
1036:, p. 289.
1023:
1011:
1009:, p. 488.
996:
994:, p. 476.
981:
979:, p. 217.
969:
967:, p. 288.
954:
952:, p. 493.
942:
940:, p. 334.
930:
928:, p. 287.
915:
903:
901:, p. 217.
891:
879:
867:
855:
843:
831:
819:
807:
795:
783:
771:
759:
747:
735:
723:
711:
699:
684:
672:
670:, p. 210.
655:
638:
636:, p. 448.
623:
621:, p. 112.
608:
606:, p. 125.
593:
591:, p. 511.
576:
552:
551:
549:
546:
469:Ugaritic texts
379:
376:
240:
237:
223:Old Babylonian
198:
195:
155:
152:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
78:
77:
68:
64:
63:
54:
50:
49:
45:
44:
38:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2198:
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2188:
2178:
2175:
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2165:
2163:
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2153:
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2149:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
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2062:
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2057:
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2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1891:Hurrian songs
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1846:
1844:
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1813:
1809:
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1801:
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1757:
1751:
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1726:
1722:
1718:
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1697:
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1679:
1674:
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1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1446:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1386:0-7885-0488-6
1382:
1378:
1377:Hittite myths
1373:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1300:Haas, Volkert
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1114:, p. 28.
1113:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1099:, p. 25.
1098:
1093:
1090:
1087:, p. 57.
1086:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
986:
982:
978:
973:
970:
966:
961:
959:
955:
951:
946:
943:
939:
934:
931:
927:
922:
920:
916:
912:
907:
904:
900:
895:
892:
888:
883:
880:
877:, p. 64.
876:
871:
868:
865:, p. 62.
864:
859:
856:
853:, p. 29.
852:
847:
844:
841:, p. 28.
840:
835:
832:
829:, p. 57.
828:
823:
820:
816:
811:
808:
805:, p. 84.
804:
799:
796:
793:, p. 76.
792:
787:
784:
781:, p. 51.
780:
775:
772:
768:
763:
760:
757:, p. 23.
756:
751:
748:
745:, p. 25.
744:
739:
736:
733:, p. 41.
732:
727:
724:
720:
715:
712:
709:, p. 29.
708:
703:
700:
697:, p. 25.
696:
691:
689:
685:
681:
676:
673:
669:
664:
662:
660:
656:
653:, p. 34.
652:
647:
645:
643:
639:
635:
634:Schwemer 2001
630:
628:
624:
620:
615:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
594:
590:
585:
583:
581:
577:
574:, p. 62.
573:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
554:
547:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
530:Balawat Gates
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:Tigris Grotto
499:
496:According to
490:
486:
484:
480:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
442:Tell al-Rimah
439:
434:
430:
425:
424:hypocoristics
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
377:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
360:
354:
351:
347:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
290:
288:
284:
278:
276:
272:
268:
267:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:Kumarbi Cycle
238:
236:
234:
230:
229:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
196:
194:
192:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
153:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
112:Hurrian deity
109:
105:
101:
97:
88:
84:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62:
58:
55:
51:
46:
42:
36:
31:
19:
2425:Tigris River
2196:
1815:. Retrieved
1795:
1781:, retrieved
1776:
1745:The Hurrians
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1712:
1708:
1677:
1666:. Retrieved
1638:
1634:
1605:
1601:
1569:
1559:
1525:
1494:
1463:
1448:. Retrieved
1434:
1403:
1376:
1366:, retrieved
1361:
1346:. Retrieved
1331:
1303:
1273:
1259:, retrieved
1254:
1223:
1211:Bibliography
1196:
1184:
1172:
1143:
1131:
1119:
1092:
1080:
1053:
1041:
1014:
972:
945:
933:
906:
894:
882:
870:
858:
851:Beckman 2011
846:
839:Beckman 2011
834:
822:
810:
798:
786:
774:
767:Beckman 2011
762:
750:
743:Beckman 2011
738:
731:Hoffner 1998
726:
719:Hoffner 1998
714:
702:
695:Heimpel 2014
675:
604:Wilhelm 1998
589:Richter 2010
572:Wilhelm 1989
498:Karen Radner
495:
478:
476:lexical list
473:
452:
450:
438:Chagar Bazar
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
400:predicatives
395:
381:
357:
355:
350:consummation
342:
319:
310:
306:
304:
296:Volkert Haas
292:
280:
264:
260:
256:
244:
242:
226:
200:
188:
157:
140:Mesopotamian
107:
103:
99:
95:
94:
2282:Gurparanzaḫ
1779:(in German)
1201:Radner 2012
1189:Radner 2012
1177:Radner 2012
1165:Radner 2012
1148:Pardee 2002
1136:Pardee 2002
1124:Sasson 1974
359:šar tamḫāri
338:Tell Leilan
322:Gurparanzaḫ
128:Gurparanzaḫ
81:Equivalents
2409:Categories
2217:Pišaišapḫi
2064:Pentikalli
2014:Ayu-Ikalti
1817:2023-03-23
1783:2023-03-23
1734:2023-03-23
1668:2023-03-23
1450:2023-03-24
1368:2023-03-24
1348:2023-03-23
1261:2023-03-24
668:Zadok 1999
619:Torri 2009
548:References
465:historiola
372:Purushanda
311:suppalanza
2277:Gilgamesh
2252:Ullikummi
1804:0066-6440
1721:0021-0889
1655:0043-2547
1622:0232-8461
1544:768810899
1513:587015618
1482:779881614
1422:558437302
1292:768810899
1242:782990632
1112:Bagg 2014
977:Haas 2006
938:Haas 2015
803:Haas 2015
707:Bagg 2014
680:Bagg 2014
433:Zimri-Lim
300:Šuwaliyat
283:Storm-god
239:Mythology
228:An = Anum
191:Euphrates
184:river god
172:etymology
48:Genealogy
2338:Kummanni
2247:Upelluri
1871:Hurrians
1812:41668449
1764:21036268
1729:25608644
1663:23342111
1589:48145544
1395:39455874
1302:(2006).
538:Me-Turan
446:Tikunani
384:numinous
215:Sumerian
207:Akkadian
160:Hurrians
144:Assyrian
136:Ugaritic
67:Siblings
2343:Nineveh
2323:Hattusa
2313:Arrapha
2292:Šarrēna
2242:Ḫedammu
2197:Aranzaḫ
2125:Tašmišu
2074:Samnuha
2069:Pinikir
2049:Lelluri
2039:Karḫuḫi
2034:Iršappa
2009:Allanzu
1964:Šarruma
1959:Nupatik
1949:Nabarbi
1939:Kumarbi
1900:Deities
540:in the
518:Subartu
514:Musasir
506:Shubria
483:Hattusa
455:in the
326:Hittite
287:Tašmišu
253:Kumarbi
168:Hurrian
148:Shubria
120:Kumarbi
108:Araššiḫ
104:Aranziḫ
100:Aranzah
96:Aranzaḫ
89:Idiqlat
75:Tašmišu
61:Kumarbi
53:Parents
33:Aranzaḫ
18:Aranzah
2358:Urkesh
2353:Ugarit
2308:Aleppo
2265:Heroes
2207:Manuzi
2177:Eltara
2172:Ninlil
2120:Takitu
2084:Šuwala
2059:Nikkal
2054:Maliya
2044:Kubaba
2019:Aštabi
2004:Adamma
1979:Teššub
1974:Šimige
1969:Šauška
1954:Nergal
1934:Išḫara
1914:Allani
1810:
1802:
1762:
1752:
1727:
1719:
1692:
1661:
1653:
1620:
1587:
1577:
1542:
1532:
1511:
1501:
1480:
1470:
1441:
1420:
1410:
1393:
1383:
1339:
1318:
1290:
1280:
1240:
1230:
542:Diyala
534:Urartu
461:Hauron
444:, and
420:kirip-
408:ḫašip-
364:Sargon
330:Khabur
249:Teshub
166:, has
164:Tigris
116:Tigris
110:was a
71:Teshub
41:Tigris
2348:Taite
2333:Kumme
2328:Kahat
2287:Kešši
2202:Kiaše
2167:Enlil
2152:Alalu
2094:Uršui
2079:Šalaš
2029:Ḫešui
1997:Minor
1984:Tilla
1944:Kušuḫ
1924:Ḫepat
1907:Major
1808:JSTOR
1725:JSTOR
1659:JSTOR
1556:(PDF)
510:Kumme
479:Malku
463:in a
453:ʾaršḫ
416:-iwri
412:-atal
404:arip-
346:Akkad
275:Alalu
219:Enlil
211:deity
176:numen
2318:Ebla
2272:Appu
2162:Antu
2130:Tenu
2089:Ugur
1800:ISSN
1760:OCLC
1750:ISBN
1717:ISSN
1709:Iraq
1690:ISBN
1651:ISSN
1618:ISSN
1585:OCLC
1575:ISBN
1540:OCLC
1530:ISBN
1509:OCLC
1499:ISBN
1478:OCLC
1468:ISBN
1439:ISBN
1418:OCLC
1408:ISBN
1391:OCLC
1381:ISBN
1337:ISBN
1316:ISBN
1288:OCLC
1278:ISBN
1238:OCLC
1228:ISBN
524:and
512:and
429:Mari
418:and
332:and
251:and
233:Enki
138:and
59:and
2157:Anu
1682:doi
1643:doi
1610:doi
1308:doi
504:in
396:ar-
386:in
271:Anu
205:to
178:in
124:Anu
106:or
57:Anu
2411::
1919:Ea
1806:.
1794:.
1775:,
1758:.
1723:.
1713:69
1711:.
1707:.
1688:.
1657:.
1649:.
1639:42
1637:.
1633:.
1616:.
1606:36
1604:.
1600:.
1583:.
1538:.
1524:.
1507:.
1476:.
1462:.
1433:.
1416:.
1389:.
1360:,
1314:.
1286:.
1272:.
1253:,
1236:.
1155:^
1104:^
1065:^
1026:^
999:^
984:^
957:^
918:^
687:^
658:^
641:^
626:^
611:^
596:^
579:^
556:^
485:.
448:.
440:,
414:,
410:,
406:,
315:Ea
235:.
213:.
193:.
73:,
1849:e
1842:t
1835:v
1820:.
1766:.
1737:.
1698:.
1684::
1671:.
1645::
1624:.
1612::
1591:.
1546:.
1515:.
1484:.
1453:.
1424:.
1397:.
1351:.
1324:.
1310::
1294:.
1244:.
20:)
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