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slug was thought to reproduce only by self-fertilization; solitary captive specimens produced offspring and the species had never been observed mating. Genetic analysis provided evidence of crossing and the species is now believed to have a mixed breeding system, with an individual having the ability
321:
This slug is 1.5 to 2 centimeters long. It is variable in color and patterning, being white, orange, or gray, with or without banding, and it has gray tentacles and a yellow or orange sole. It becomes compact and "nearly bell-shaped" when contracted. The tubercles that texture the dorsal surface of
456:
Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter
Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O, eds. (2024).
381:
are often found in altered environments, this species has a greater tendency to invade natural habitat, such as forests. Its ability to self-fertilize allows a single individual to enter new habitat and then reproduce. It is also known as a pest of
575:Čejka, Tomáš; Beran, Luboš; Coufal, Radovan; Dvořák, Libor; Hlaváč, Jaroslav Č; Horáčková, Jitka; Horsáková, Veronika; Juřičková, Lucie; Kosová, Tereza; Čačaný, Juraj; Szabóová, Dana (2021-09-16).
819:
Pp 196-219 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New
Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.
285:
and a part of
Central Europe. It is native to Czechia where majority of its records come from various types of forests. It is non-native to Slovakia since 2020. It is known as an
1043:
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774:(Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): first record of this introduced slug in Chile, with notes on its anatomy and natural history".
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365:), with all individuals maturing rather synchronously in autumn. Adults die over winter or early spring.
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Jordaens, K.; Van Houte, N.; Helsen, P.; Breugelmans, K.; Jaksons, P.; Backeljau, t. (2013).
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731:"Parametric intensity and the spatial arrangement of the terrestrial mollusc herbivores
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its body taper to sharp, prickle-like points, inspiring the common name hedgehog slug.
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377:, but some reports of such problems have been made. While most exotic slugs and
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881:
503:
CSIRO & Australian
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. 2004.
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Division of
Agriculture and Natural Resources. University of California. 2009.
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taxonomy,short description, distribution, biology,status (threats), images
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to fertilize itself or cross-fertilize, exchanging sperm with a mate.
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577:"Malacological news from the Czech and Slovak Republics in 2020"
254:
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622:
Slugs: A Guide to the
Invasive and Native Fauna of California.
729:
Bohan, D.A.; Glen, D.M.; Wiltshire, C.W.; Hughes, L. (2000).
694:"Life cycles and adult sizes of five co-occurring species of
338:, and on cultivated or otherwise human-altered land, such as
815:
Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009).
687:
685:
531:
MolluscIreland. National
Museums Northern Ireland, 2010.
636:"Mixed breeding system in the hermaphroditic land slug
692:
Hutchinson, J.M.C.; Reise, H.; SkujienÄ—, G. (2017).
865:
261:, the roundback slugs. It is known commonly as the
802:Slug problems in New Zealand pastoral agriculture.
770:CáDiz, Francisco J; Gallardo, Carlos S (2007). "
330:This species occurs in natural habitat such as
428:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T171636A1329211.en
43:showing characteristically prickley tubercles
8:
361:In the wild it has one generation per year (
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817:Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca.
805:Monograph-British Crop Protection Council
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373:This is not considered to be a severe
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997:f6729c61-264d-4b5a-8f54-6db01b0a5416
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1173:IUCN Red List least concern species
776:Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
414:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
386:-seeded pastures in New Zealand.
289:in many other regions, including
756:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2000.00459.x
657:10.1111/j.1601-5223.2013.02272.x
471:World Register of Marine Species
350:. It feeds on plants and fungi.
103:
788:10.4067/S0716-078X2007000100008
529:Normand, 1852 (hedgehog slug).
1:
640:(Stylommatophora, Arionidae)"
1188:Gastropods described in 1852
702:Journal of Molluscan Studies
553:. NatureServe. 3 March 2009
1209:
1178:NatureServe secure species
584:Malacologica Bohemoslovaca
743:Journal of Animal Ecology
667:10067/1157380151162165141
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100:Scientific classification
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800:Barker, G. M. (1989).
353:For a long time, this
733:Deroceras reticulatum
715:10.1093/mollus/eyw042
597:10.5817/MaB2021-20-56
421:: e.T171636A1329211.
992:Fauna Europaea (new)
848:Encyclopedia of Life
551:Hedgehog Arion Slug"
16:Species of gastropod
403:Rowson, B. (2017).
271:hedgehog arion slug
191:A. intermedius
50:Conservation status
1193:Molluscs of Europe
499:2015-09-23 at the
287:introduced species
1183:Arion (gastropod)
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1132:Open Tree of Life
896:Arion_intermedius
867:Arion intermedius
859:Taxon identifiers
843:Arion intermedius
831:Arion intermedius
772:Arion intermedius
737:Arion intermedius
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355:hermaphroditic
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307:South Africa
303:North Africa
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277:Distribution
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1083:NatureServe
1031:iNaturalist
527:intermedius
317:Description
299:New Zealand
90:NatureServe
1167:Categories
846:images at
836:Animalbase
708:: 88–105.
390:References
363:univoltine
332:grasslands
309:, and the
147:Gastropoda
644:Hereditas
606:1336-6939
590:: 56–74.
369:As a pest
295:Australia
259:Arionidae
185:Species:
167:Arionidae
123:Kingdom:
117:Eukaryota
1088:2.110629
1049:11082581
903:BioLib:
882:Q1136577
876:Wikidata
676:24164457
523:Kobeltia
497:Archived
494:Normand.
344:orchards
340:pastures
253:of land
225:Synonyms
163:Family:
137:Mollusca
133:Phylum:
127:Animalia
113:Domain:
70:IUCN 3.1
1010:2294097
557:19 July
476:19 July
434:19 July
336:forests
326:Biology
251:species
216:Normand
173:Genus:
153:Order:
143:Class:
88: (
86:Secure
68: (
1150:819963
1137:229092
1108:NZOR:
1101:171548
1075:171636
1036:214186
984:421799
971:290655
958:ARIOIN
945:455166
698:slugs"
674:
604:
384:clover
379:snails
348:hedges
346:, and
269:, and
218:, 1852
1145:WoRMS
1124:19861
1062:77076
1044:IRMNG
966:EUNIS
919:26679
696:Arion
580:(PDF)
519:Arion
249:is a
178:Arion
1096:NCBI
1070:IUCN
1057:ITIS
1023:1914
1018:GISD
1005:GBIF
953:EPPO
932:GMV7
914:BOLD
906:2897
735:and
672:PMID
602:ISSN
559:2024
478:2024
436:2024
419:2017
375:pest
334:and
255:slug
940:EoL
927:CoL
891:AFD
834:at
784:doi
751:doi
710:doi
662:hdl
652:doi
648:150
592:doi
423:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
