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Architectural engineering

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Although some states require a BS degree from an EAC/ABET-accredited engineering program, with no exceptions, about two thirds of the states accept BS degrees from ETAC/ABET-accredited architectural engineering technology programs to become licensed engineering professionals. Architectural engineering technology graduates, with applied engineering skills, often gain further learning with an MS degree in engineering and/or NAAB-accredited Masters of Architecture to become licensed as both an engineer and architect. This path requires the individual to pass state licensing exams in both disciplines. States handle this situation differently on experienced gained working under a licensed engineer and/or registered architect prior to taking the examinations. This education model is more in line with the educational system in the United Kingdom where an accredited MEng or MS degree in engineering for further learning is required by the Engineering Council to be registered as a
661:– Τεχνικό Επιμελητήριο Ελλάδος). The Technical Chamber of Greece has more than 100,000 members encompassing all the engineering disciplines as well as architecture. A prerequisite for being a member is to be licensed as a qualified engineer or architect and to be a graduate of an engineering and architecture schools of a Greek university, or of an equivalent school from abroad. The Technical Chamber of Greece is the authorized body to provide work licenses to engineers of all disciplines as well as architects, graduated in Greece or abroad. The license is awarded after examinations. The examinations take place three to four times a year. The Engineering Diploma equals a master's degree in ECTS units (300) according to the Bologna Accords. 657:
Architecture and Urbanism Council). Besides traditional architecture design training, Brazilian architecture courses also offer complementary training in engineering disciplines such as structural, electrical, hydraulic and mechanical engineering. After graduation, architects focus in architectural planning, yet they can be responsible to the whole building, when it concerns to small buildings (except in electric wiring, where the architect autonomy is limited to systems up to 30kVA, and it has to be done by an Electrical Engineer), applied to buildings, urban environment, built cultural heritage, landscape planning, interiorscape planning and regional planning.
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engineering, focusing on structural integrity, mechanical systems, and energy efficiency. They design and analyze building systems, conduct feasibility studies, and collaborate with architects to integrate technical requirements into the overall design. Architects, on the other hand, emphasize the aesthetic, functional, and spatial elements, developing design concepts and detailed plans to meet client needs and comply with regulations. Their education focuses on
778: 370: 254: 6018: 2510: 2380: 2540: 6010: 697: 77: 339:. Architectural engineering as a relatively new licensed profession emerged in the 20th century as a result of the rapid technological developments. Architectural engineers are at the forefront of two major historical opportunities that today's world is immersed in: (1) that of rapidly advancing computer-technology, and (2) the parallel revolution of environmental sustainability. 179: 36: 764: 2530: 2520: 588:(NCARB) facilitate the licensure and credentialing of architects but requirements for registration often vary between states. In the state of New Jersey, a registered architect is allowed to sit for the PE exam and a professional engineer is allowed to take the design portions of the Architectural Registration Exam (ARE), to become a registered architect. 660:
In Greece licensed architectural engineers are graduates from architecture faculties that belong to the Polytechnic University, obtaining an "Engineering Diploma". They graduate after 5 years of studies and are fully entitled architects once they become members of the Technical Chamber of Greece (TEE
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In most license-regulated jurisdictions, architectural engineers are not entitled to practice architecture unless they are also licensed as architects. Practice of structural engineering in high-risk locations, e.g., due to strong earthquakes, or on specific types of higher importance buildings such
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engineering is a subfield of building engineering focused on the design and application of systems and practices that prevent, control, and mitigate the impact of fires. This discipline aims to protect people, property, and the environment from the destructive effects of fire through a combination of
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Acoustical engineers work closely with architects, builders, and other engineers to integrate sound control measures into the overall design of a building. They use advanced modeling and simulation tools to predict how sound will behave in different spaces and employ various materials and techniques
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architectural engineering university program preparing students to perform whole-building design in competition with architect-engineer teams; or for practice in one of structural, mechanical or electrical fields of building design, but with an appreciation of integrated architectural requirements.
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and architectural engineers both play crucial roles in building design and construction, but they focus on different aspects. Architectural engineers specialize in the technical and structural aspects, ensuring buildings are safe, efficient, and sustainable. Their education blends architecture with
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Building enclosure and façade engineering involves the design and management of the outer shell of a building, which acts as a barrier between the interior and exterior environments. This includes walls, roofs, windows, doors, and other components that collectively ensure the building is protected
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Sustainable engineering involves designing or operating systems to use energy and resources in a way that maintains environmental balance and ensures that future generations can meet their own needs without compromising the natural environment. Architectural engineers are influenced by sustainable
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In Brazil, architects and engineers used to share the same accreditation process (Conselho Federal de Engenheiros, Arquitetos e Agrônomos (CONFEA) – Federal Council of Engineering, Architecture and Agronomy). Now the Brazilian architects and urbanists have their own accreditation process (CAU –
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The building envelope plays a crucial role in maintaining indoor comfort by controlling temperature, humidity, and airflow. It also contributes to the building's energy efficiency by minimizing heat loss in the winter and heat gain in the summer. Engineers in this field work on making sure the
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engineering in building design focuses on controlling sound within and around buildings to create a comfortable and functional auditory environment. This discipline involves the study and application of principles to manage noise levels, improve sound quality, and ensure effective
626:, is referred to as "architectural engineering". In Japan, a "first-class architect" plays the dual role of architect and building engineer, although the services of a licensed "structural design first-class architect"(構造設計一級建築士) are required for buildings over a certain scale. 450:
Structural engineering involves the analysis and design of the built environment (buildings, bridges, equipment supports, towers and walls). Those concentrating on buildings are sometimes informally referred to as "building engineers". Structural engineers require expertise in
682:) anywhere in Canada and the standard against which all other engineering academic qualifications are measured. A graduate of a non-CEAB-accredited program must demonstrate that his or her education is at least equivalent to that of a graduate of a CEAB-accredited program. 530:, model the spread of fire and smoke, and design systems that effectively protect lives and property. They collaborate with architects, builders, and safety officials to integrate fire protection measures into the overall design and operation of buildings and facilities. 591:
Formal architectural engineering education, following the engineering model of earlier disciplines, developed in the late 19th century, and became widespread in the United States by the mid-20th century. With the establishment of a specific "architectural engineering"
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registration examination in the 1990s, and first offering in April 2003, architectural engineering became recognized as a distinct engineering discipline in the United States. Up to date NCEES account allows engineers to apply to other states PE license "by comity".
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Its multi-disciplinary engineering approach is what differentiates architectural engineering from architecture (the field of the architect): which is an integrated, separate and single, field of study when compared to other engineering disciplines.
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and is often referred to as an architect. These individuals are often also structural engineers. In other countries, such as Germany, Austria, Iran, and most of the Arab countries, architecture graduates receive an engineering degree
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to the construction of resilient buildings, architectural engineers are at the forefront of addressing several major challenges of the 21st century. They apply the latest scientific knowledge and technologies to the
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Through training in and appreciation of architecture, the field seeks integration of building systems within its overall building design. Architectural engineering includes the design of building systems including
471:. Architectural engineers sometimes incorporate structural as one aspect of their designs; the structural discipline when practiced as a specialty works closely with architects and other engineering specialists. 2641: 486:
engineering principles in their education, training, and practice, integrating sustainable design strategies to create buildings and structures that minimize environmental impact and enhance energy efficiency.
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The architectural, structural, mechanical and electrical engineering branches each have well established educational requirements that are usually fulfilled by completion of a university program.
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to achieve the desired acoustic performance. Their goal is to create environments that are acoustically comfortable, meeting the specific needs of the building's occupants and its intended use.
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as an art and science of designing infrastructure through these various engineering disciplines, from which properly align with many related surrounding engineering advancements.
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In some countries, the practice of architecture includes planning, designing and overseeing the building's construction, and architecture, as a
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In Spain, an "architect" has a technical university education and legal powers to carry out building structure and facility projects.
113: 1219: 295:, such as environmental, structural, mechanical, electrical, computational, embeddable, and other research domains. It is related to 6050: 5914: 5251: 4882: 4595: 4131: 3860: 3702: 3233: 3007: 2877: 2636: 2475: 1394: 240: 222: 160: 63: 2468: 2463: 189: 6060: 6045: 5626: 3951: 3248: 3223: 3208: 3183: 1698: 1386: 904: 880: 120: 5707: 5032: 4846: 4226: 1956: 1132: 637:, "architect" is literally translated as "architectural engineer". In some countries, an "architectural engineer" (such as the 5982: 5813: 5621: 5611: 5171: 3790: 2003: 1823: 1315: 722: 704:
is used for the heating and cooling of air in a central location (click on image for legend). Bringing together knowledge of
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envelope is structurally sound, aesthetically pleasing, and performs effectively to meet various functional requirements.
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as hospitals, may require separate licensing as well. Regulations and customary practice vary widely by state or city.
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In Canada, a CEAB-accredited engineer degree is the minimum academic requirement for registration as a P.Eng (
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such as from weight of the building, occupants and contents, and extreme events such as wind, rain, ice, and
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in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. Mechanical engineers often design and oversee the
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are often separately retained. Electrical engineers are responsible for the building's
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engineers are specialists when engaged in the building design fields. This is known as
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Resolução 1010/05 – Conselho Federal de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Urbanismo – CONFEA
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Bologna Process#Qualifications Framework of the European Higher Education Area
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In many jurisdictions of the United States, the architectural engineer is a
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is one example of the multi-disciplined nature of architectural engineering
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systems. Plumbing designers often include design specifications for simple
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American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
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Ronalds, B.F. (2016). "Sir Francis Ronalds and the Electric Telegraph".
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International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology
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from external elements such as air, water, heat, light, and noise.
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preventive measures, detection systems, and response strategies.
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Architectural engineering as a single integrated field of study
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National Railroad Construction and Maintenance Association
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Technical Chamber of Greece (Τεχνικό Επιμελητήριο Ελλάδος)
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Engineering discipline of engineering systems of buildings
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The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
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Chartered Institute of Plumbing and Heating Engineering
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Sir Francis Ronalds: Father of the Electric Telegraph
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National Council of Architectural Registration Boards
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Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
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Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers
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The architectural engineer (PE) in the United States
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that deals with the engineering and construction of
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International Institute for Sustainable Development
575:engineering professional. Usually a graduate of an 101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1561:"Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board - APEGM" 1378: 999:Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering 1457:LEI nº 12.378, de 2010 – Presidência da República 911:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 526:Fire protection engineers use their expertise to 1536:Comparability of Engineering Courses and Degrees 734:heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) 5475:Association of Plumbing and Heating Contractors 3743:List of visionary tall buildings and structures 5514:Construction Management Association of America 1555: 1553: 5548:National Association of Women in Construction 5179: 3784: 2570: 1699: 1507:. Technical Chamber of Greece. Archived from 873:Architectural Engineering Institute (AEI) of 8: 5463:Asbestos Testing and Consultancy Association 1294:"Architectural Engineering Institute | ASCE" 408:systems, but for more complicated projects, 1381:The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance 354:Subdisciplines of architectural engineering 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 5186: 5172: 5164: 4551:High efficiency glandless circulating pump 3800:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning 3791: 3777: 3769: 3284: 2621: 2577: 2563: 2555: 1754: 1706: 1692: 1684: 1316:"Architects / Building Engineers in Japan" 1218:. Structure Magazine. 2006. Archived from 923:National Society of Professional Engineers 614:Architect § Professional requirements 359:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) 5503:Civil Engineering Contractors Association 5469:Associated General Contractors of America 394:heating, ventilation and air conditioning 241:Learn how and when to remove this message 223:Learn how and when to remove this message 161:Learn how and when to remove this message 5920:List of tallest buildings and structures 5584:Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors 4985:Mold growth, assessment, and remediation 955:Definition of architectural engineering. 695: 5560:National Kitchen & Bath Association 947: 608:The architect as architectural engineer 388:(MEP) throughout the United States, or 2486:Electrical and electronics engineering 893:American Society of Plumbing Engineers 467:of structures which is referred to as 5572:National Tile Contractors Association 5542:National Association of Home Builders 5520:Construction Specifications Institute 4858:Programmable communicating thermostat 1587:"Bằng kỹ sư tương đương bằng thạc sĩ" 1183:. Stanford University. Archived from 7: 5554:National Fire Protection Association 4980:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing 2519: 1001:. The University of Texas at Austin. 995:"What is Architectural Engineering?" 929:Society of Fire Protection Engineers 917:National Fire Protection Association 852:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing 837:History of architectural engineering 386:mechanical, electrical, and plumbing 365:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing 99:adding citations to reliable sources 5596:Society of Construction Arbitrators 5457:American Society of Civil Engineers 2529: 875:American Society of Civil Engineers 5451:American Institute of Constructors 4841:Minimum efficiency reporting value 1056:. London: Imperial College Press. 689:, the engineer's degree is called 641:in Italy) is entitled to practice 25: 5915:Lists of buildings and structures 4883:Standard temperature and pressure 4596:Packaged terminal air conditioner 4132:Passive daytime radiative cooling 3861:Heat pump and refrigeration cycle 1013:"What is Mechanical Engineering?" 45:This article has multiple issues. 6017: 6016: 6008: 3952:Absorption-compression heat pump 2586:Tallest buildings and structures 2538: 2528: 2518: 2509: 2508: 2378: 1387:Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group 905:Illuminating Engineering Society 881:American Institute of Architects 776: 762: 528:analyze potential fire scenarios 177: 75: 34: 6009: 4847:Normal temperature and pressure 4227:Vapor-compression refrigeration 3179:Countries with most skyscrapers 1159:from the original on 2015-12-08 1149:"What is a structural engineer" 86:needs additional citations for 53:or discuss these issues on the 5983:Sustainability in construction 5814:Modern methods of construction 899:Associated General Contractors 723:Building engineering education 1: 5751:Building services engineering 4995:Testing, adjusting, balancing 4939:Building information modeling 4934:Building services engineering 4511:Ground-coupled heat exchanger 4039:Demand controlled ventilation 3987:Building insulation materials 3708:Antenna height considerations 1091:10.1080/17581206.2015.1119481 648:Dipl.-Ing. – Diplom-Ingenieur 490:Building Envelope Engineering 390:building services engineering 5867:Construction equipment theft 5590:Scottish Building Federation 5486:Construction History Society 4556:High-pressure cut-off switch 4107:Ice storage air conditioning 4028:Dedicated outdoor air system 3703:All buildings and structures 3174:Cities with most skyscrapers 1736:List of engineering branches 1533:Antoly I. Bologomov (1974). 1410:German Chamber of Architects 5298:Chartered Building Surveyor 5262:Water supply and sanitation 4899:Thermostatic radiator valve 4701:Thermostatic radiator valve 4212:Underfloor air distribution 4147:Radiant heating and cooling 4065:Energy recovery ventilation 3977:Automobile air conditioning 3841:Domestic energy consumption 3169:Buildings by height to roof 1661:thanhnien.vn (2022-12-17). 1585:thanhnien.vn (2019-12-31). 935:U.S. Green Building Council 847:Fire protection engineering 842:International Building Code 629:In some languages, such as 567:Architectural engineer (PE) 515:Fire protection engineering 509:Fire Protection Engineering 203:the claims made and adding 110:"Architectural engineering" 6077: 5845:List of building materials 5048:Institute of Refrigeration 4929:Architectural technologist 4401:Electrostatic precipitator 958:Merriam Webster Dictionary 797:Architectural technologist 720: 668: 611: 564: 537: 512: 493: 478: 443: 362: 6006: 5783:Environmental engineering 5746:Architectural engineering 5101:Volatile organic compound 4960:Environmental engineering 4924:Architectural engineering 4726:Ultra-low particulate air 4311:Automatic balancing valve 4239:Variable refrigerant flow 4091:Heat recovery ventilation 4034:Deep water source cooling 3713:Architectural engineering 3234:Skyscrapers by floor area 2592: 2504: 2376: 1721: 1245:"Sustainable Development" 410:fire protection engineers 373:MEP systems in a building 315:, but distinguished from 277:Architectural engineering 6051:Architecture occupations 5788:Geotechnical engineering 5766:Construction engineering 5531:Home Builders Federation 5257:Timeline of architecture 5219:Underground construction 5148:Template:Home automation 4970:Kitchen exhaust cleaning 4666:Solar-assisted heat pump 4266:Air conditioner inverter 4045:Displacement ventilation 3936:Vapour pressure of water 3921:Thermal destratification 3693:Additionally guyed tower 1027:"mechanical engineering" 822:Construction engineering 802:Architectural technology 597:Professional Engineering 328:greenhouse gas emissions 301:Mechatronics Engineering 281:architecture engineering 6061:Engineering disciplines 6046:Engineering occupations 5973:Real estate development 5875:Construction management 5730:Vernacular architecture 5715:Indigenous architecture 5703:Industrial architecture 5578:Railway Tie Association 5143:World Refrigeration Day 4990:Refrigerant reclamation 4919:Architectural acoustics 4863:Programmable thermostat 4795:Clean air delivery rate 4691:Thermal expansion valve 4606:Pressurisation ductwork 4516:Ground source heat pump 3957:Absorption refrigerator 3738:Height restriction laws 3616:Before the 20th century 2397:Bachelor of Engineering 2239:Engineering mathematics 1505:"Role & Objectives" 1415:April 27, 2007, at the 1271:. NCEES. Archived from 857:Outline of architecture 750:architectural acoustics 481:Sustainable engineering 475:Sustainable Engineering 272:as load-bearing devices 5819:Monocrete construction 5778:Earthquake engineering 5771:Structural engineering 5725:Landscape architecture 5252:Structural engineering 5133:Glossary of HVAC terms 5095:Sick building syndrome 4975:Mechanical engineering 4686:Smoke exhaust ductwork 4117:Mixed-mode ventilation 3244:Voluntarily demolished 2759:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2496:Structural engineering 2491:Mechanical engineering 2234:Engineering management 1546:Press. pp. 49–58. 1130:FAO online publication 1052:Ronalds, B.F. (2016). 713: 624:architectural services 540:Acoustical engineering 534:Acoustical Engineering 469:earthquake engineering 446:Structural engineering 440:Structural Engineering 406:active fire protection 382:electrical engineering 378:Mechanical engineering 374: 273: 262:Ratner Athletic Center 5809:Earthbag construction 5720:Interior architecture 5214:Offshore construction 5153:Template:Solar energy 4831:Intelligent buildings 4790:Carbon dioxide sensor 4177:Room air distribution 3997:Central solar heating 3753:Partially guyed tower 2476:Aerospace engineering 2389:Engineering education 1444:May 15, 2013, at the 792:Architectural drawing 699: 680:professional engineer 669:Further information: 453:strength of materials 372: 309:Aerospace Engineering 256: 6056:Architectural design 6041:Building engineering 5857:Construction bidding 5537:Lighting Association 5509:The Concrete Society 5385:Construction foreman 4955:Duct leakage testing 4945:Deep energy retrofit 4889:Thermographic camera 4826:Infrared thermometer 4301:Air source heat pump 4250:Water heat recycling 3816:Air changes per hour 3698:Air traffic obstacle 3113:United Arab Emirates 2417:Graduate certificate 1482:Polytechnic (Greece) 1225:on November 27, 2012 706:acoustic engineering 459:, and in predicting 426:lightning protection 321:Architectural Design 305:Computer Engineering 285:building engineering 95:improve this article 18:Building Engineering 5988:Unfinished building 5761:Coastal engineering 5390:Construction worker 5333:Structural engineer 5224:Tunnel construction 4821:HVAC control system 4811:Home energy monitor 4785:Building automation 4571:Inverter compressor 4233:Variable air volume 4142:Passive ventilation 4112:Kitchen ventilation 4012:Constant air volume 3982:Autonomous building 3315:former Soviet Union 2642:Indian subcontinent 2402:Bachelor of Science 2244:Engineering physics 2228:Engineering drawing 1750:Interdisciplinarity 1015:. 28 December 2018. 770:Architecture portal 577:EAC/ABET-accredited 457:structural analysis 5880:Construction waste 5862:Construction delay 5293:Building officials 5288:Building estimator 5084:Indoor air quality 5028:ASTM International 4965:Hydronic balancing 4742:Wood-burning stove 4621:Radiator reflector 4406:Evaporative cooler 4217:Underfloor heating 4202:Thermal insulation 2004:Telecommunications 1909:Naval architecture 1135:2016-11-19 at the 812:Building officials 784:Engineering portal 714: 582:Chartered Engineer 414:power distribution 375: 326:From reduction of 274: 188:possibly contains 6028: 6027: 5871:Construction loan 5840:Building material 5756:Civil engineering 5380:Concrete finisher 5323:Quantity surveyor 5283:Building engineer 5209:Home construction 5161: 5160: 5077:Health and safety 4656:Scroll compressor 4611:Process duct work 4366:Convection heater 4361:Condensing boiler 4291:Air-mixing plenum 4187:Solar combisystem 4023:Cross ventilation 3826:Building envelope 3766: 3765: 3723:Early skyscrapers 3679: 3678: 3611:400 to 500 metres 3606:300 to 400 metres 3272: 3271: 3254:Early skyscrapers 3189:Designed by women 2552: 2551: 2481:Civil engineering 2427:Licensed engineer 2422:Engineer's degree 2374: 2373: 2206:Building services 2189:Health technology 2050:Chemical reaction 1999:Signal processing 1375:Burckhardt, Jacob 1063:978-1-78326-917-4 1033:(Fourth ed.) 817:Civil engineering 807:Building engineer 702:air handling unit 671:Engineer's degree 496:Building envelope 424:, signalization, 418:telecommunication 313:Civil Engineering 251: 250: 243: 233: 232: 225: 190:original research 171: 170: 163: 145: 68: 16:(Redirected from 6068: 6020: 6019: 6012: 6011: 5895:Design–bid–build 5663:Construction law 5188: 5181: 5174: 5165: 5123:Building science 4878:Smart thermostat 4873:Room temperature 4456:Fireplace insert 4162:Radon mitigation 4060:Electric heating 4055:District heating 4050:District cooling 3967:Air conditioning 3793: 3786: 3779: 3770: 3285: 3194:Eastern Orthodox 2622: 2579: 2572: 2565: 2556: 2542: 2532: 2531: 2522: 2521: 2512: 2511: 2382: 1969:Electromechanics 1755: 1708: 1701: 1694: 1685: 1678: 1677: 1675: 1674: 1658: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1648: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1624: 1623: 1608: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1598: 1582: 1576: 1575: 1573: 1572: 1563:. Archived from 1557: 1548: 1547: 1541: 1530: 1524: 1519: 1513: 1512: 1501: 1495: 1490: 1484: 1479: 1473: 1472: 1469:"Home Organized" 1465: 1459: 1454: 1448: 1436: 1430: 1425: 1419: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1384: 1367: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1357: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1334: 1333: 1327: 1320: 1312: 1306: 1305: 1300:. Archived from 1290: 1284: 1283: 1281: 1280: 1265: 1259: 1258: 1256: 1255: 1241: 1235: 1234: 1232: 1230: 1224: 1213: 1205: 1199: 1198: 1196: 1195: 1189: 1182: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1165: 1164: 1145: 1139: 1127: 1121: 1120: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1074: 1068: 1067: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1038: 1023: 1017: 1016: 1009: 1003: 1002: 991: 985: 984: 982: 981: 967: 961: 952: 827:Contour crafting 786: 781: 780: 772: 767: 766: 551:sound insulation 434:lighting systems 283:, also known as 246: 239: 228: 221: 217: 214: 208: 205:inline citations 181: 180: 173: 166: 159: 155: 152: 146: 144: 103: 79: 71: 60: 38: 37: 30: 21: 6076: 6075: 6071: 6070: 6069: 6067: 6066: 6065: 6031: 6030: 6029: 6024: 6002: 5910:Interior design 5905:Heavy equipment 5828: 5792: 5734: 5677: 5646: 5600: 5439: 5348: 5342: 5318:Project manager 5308:Civil estimator 5266: 5230: 5197: 5192: 5162: 5157: 5118:ASHRAE Handbook 5106: 5090:Passive smoking 5072: 5005: 4999: 4911: 4909: 4903: 4757: 4751: 4732:Whole-house fan 4646:Run-around coil 4641:Reversing valve 4586:Mechanical room 4576:Kerosene heater 4566:Infrared heater 4496:Gasoline heater 4436:Fan filter unit 4351:Condensate pump 4336:Centrifugal fan 4254: 4157:Radiant heating 4152:Radiant cooling 4127:Passive cooling 4122:Microgeneration 3992:Central heating 3940: 3916:Thermal comfort 3808: 3802: 3797: 3767: 3762: 3685: 3675: 3671:Twin structures 3594: 3331: 3280: 3268: 3147: 2988:North Macedonia 2705: 2689:Central America 2611: 2588: 2583: 2553: 2548: 2500: 2447: 2431: 2407:Master's degree 2383: 2370: 2284:Instrumentation 2147: 2089: 2055:Electrochemical 2008: 1994:Radio frequency 1933: 1860: 1824:Municipal/Urban 1748: 1746: 1740: 1717: 1712: 1682: 1681: 1672: 1670: 1669:(in Vietnamese) 1660: 1659: 1655: 1646: 1644: 1643:(in Vietnamese) 1635: 1634: 1630: 1621: 1619: 1618:(in Vietnamese) 1616:VietNamNet News 1610: 1609: 1605: 1596: 1594: 1593:(in Vietnamese) 1584: 1583: 1579: 1570: 1568: 1559: 1558: 1551: 1539: 1532: 1531: 1527: 1520: 1516: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1491: 1487: 1480: 1476: 1467: 1466: 1462: 1455: 1451: 1446:Wayback Machine 1437: 1433: 1426: 1422: 1417:Wayback Machine 1408: 1404: 1397: 1389:. p. 242. 1369: 1368: 1364: 1355: 1353: 1345: 1344: 1340: 1331: 1329: 1325: 1318: 1314: 1313: 1309: 1292: 1291: 1287: 1278: 1276: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1253: 1251: 1243: 1242: 1238: 1228: 1226: 1222: 1211: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1193: 1191: 1187: 1180: 1176: 1175: 1171: 1162: 1160: 1147: 1146: 1142: 1137:Wayback Machine 1128: 1124: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1076: 1075: 1071: 1064: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1036: 1034: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1011: 1010: 1006: 993: 992: 988: 979: 977: 969: 968: 964: 953: 949: 944: 870: 862:Storm hardening 782: 775: 768: 761: 758: 738:fire protection 725: 719: 673: 667: 639:ingegnere edile 616: 610: 569: 563: 542: 536: 520:Fire protection 517: 511: 498: 492: 483: 477: 461:structural load 448: 442: 430:control systems 367: 361: 356: 317:Interior Design 247: 236: 235: 234: 229: 218: 212: 209: 194: 182: 178: 167: 156: 150: 147: 104: 102: 92: 80: 39: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6074: 6072: 6064: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6033: 6032: 6026: 6025: 6007: 6004: 6003: 6001: 6000: 5998:Urban planning 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5967: 5966: 5956: 5951: 5950: 5949: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5923: 5922: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5853: 5852: 5847: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5800: 5798: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5774: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5753: 5748: 5742: 5740: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5711: 5710: 5700: 5699: 5698: 5687: 5685: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5654: 5652: 5648: 5647: 5645: 5644: 5639: 5637:United Kingdom 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5608: 5606: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5598: 5593: 5587: 5581: 5575: 5569: 5563: 5557: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5534: 5528: 5523: 5517: 5511: 5506: 5500: 5494: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5447: 5445: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5356: 5354: 5347:Trades workers 5344: 5343: 5341: 5340: 5338:Superintendent 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5313:Clerk of works 5310: 5305: 5303:Civil engineer 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5238: 5236: 5232: 5231: 5229: 5228: 5227: 5226: 5216: 5211: 5205: 5203: 5199: 5198: 5193: 5191: 5190: 5183: 5176: 5168: 5159: 5158: 5156: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5114: 5112: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5104: 5098: 5092: 5087: 5080: 5078: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5009: 5007: 5001: 5000: 4998: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4915: 4913: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4868:Psychrometrics 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4844: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4765:Air flow meter 4761: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4541:Heating system 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4521:Heat exchanger 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4486:Gas compressor 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4421:Expansion tank 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4341:Ceramic heater 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4262: 4260: 4256: 4255: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4236: 4230: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4182:Solar air heat 4179: 4174: 4172:Renewable heat 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4088: 4083: 4081:Forced-air gas 4078: 4073: 4068: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4036: 4031: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3948: 3946: 3942: 3941: 3939: 3938: 3933: 3931:Thermodynamics 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3901:Psychrometrics 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3856:Gas compressor 3853: 3851:Fluid dynamics 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3818: 3812: 3810: 3804: 3803: 3798: 3796: 3795: 3788: 3781: 3773: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3689: 3687: 3681: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3602: 3600: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3580:United Kingdom 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3402: 3397: 3395:Czech Republic 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3341: 3339: 3333: 3332: 3330: 3329: 3328: 3327: 3319: 3318: 3317: 3307: 3306: 3305: 3297: 3291: 3289: 3282: 3274: 3273: 3270: 3269: 3267: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3239:Twin buildings 3236: 3231: 3226: 3224:Most expensive 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3155: 3153: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3118:United Kingdom 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2818:Czech Republic 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2715: 2713: 2707: 2706: 2704: 2703: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2678: 2673: 2672: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2644: 2634: 2628: 2626: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2610: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2584: 2582: 2581: 2574: 2567: 2559: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2546: 2536: 2526: 2516: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2499: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2466: 2457: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2445: 2439: 2437: 2436:Related topics 2433: 2432: 2430: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2393: 2391: 2385: 2384: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2371: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2356:Sustainability 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2292: 2291: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2225: 2220: 2218:Geoengineering 2215: 2214: 2213: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2199:Rehabilitation 2196: 2194:Pharmaceutical 2191: 2186: 2181: 2179:Bioinformatics 2171: 2166: 2161: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2145: 2140: 2138:Semiconductors 2135: 2130: 2128:Nanotechnology 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2099: 2097: 2091: 2090: 2088: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2046: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2025: 2018: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2007: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1960: 1959: 1949: 1943: 1941: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1870: 1868: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1858: 1857: 1856: 1851: 1844:Transportation 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1763: 1761: 1752: 1742: 1741: 1739: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1713: 1711: 1710: 1703: 1696: 1688: 1680: 1679: 1653: 1637:"Bất động sản" 1628: 1603: 1577: 1549: 1525: 1514: 1511:on 2011-08-14. 1496: 1485: 1474: 1460: 1449: 1431: 1420: 1402: 1395: 1362: 1338: 1307: 1304:on 2014-12-22. 1285: 1260: 1236: 1200: 1169: 1155:. 2015-11-30. 1140: 1122: 1104: 1069: 1062: 1044: 1018: 1004: 986: 975:www.ae.psu.edu 962: 946: 945: 943: 940: 939: 938: 932: 926: 920: 914: 908: 902: 896: 890: 884: 878: 869: 866: 865: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 788: 787: 773: 757: 754: 721:Main article: 718: 715: 666: 663: 609: 606: 565:Main article: 562: 559: 544:Acoustical or 538:Main article: 535: 532: 513:Main article: 510: 507: 494:Main article: 491: 488: 479:Main article: 476: 473: 465:seismic design 444:Main article: 441: 438: 363:Main article: 360: 357: 355: 352: 249: 248: 231: 230: 185: 183: 176: 169: 168: 83: 81: 74: 69: 43: 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6073: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6023: 6015: 6005: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5965: 5962: 5961: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5948: 5945: 5944: 5943: 5940: 5939: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5932:Megastructure 5930: 5928: 5925: 5921: 5918: 5917: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5842: 5841: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5831: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5795: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5758: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5737: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5709: 5706: 5705: 5704: 5701: 5697: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5689: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5680: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5658:Building code 5656: 5655: 5653: 5649: 5643: 5642:United States 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5603: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5585: 5582: 5579: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5518: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5476: 5473: 5470: 5467: 5464: 5461: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5444:Organizations 5442: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5345: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5269: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5239: 5237: 5233: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5200: 5196: 5189: 5184: 5182: 5177: 5175: 5170: 5169: 5166: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5102: 5099: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5010: 5008: 5006:organizations 5002: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4950:Duct cleaning 4948: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4906: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4848: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4801:Control valve 4799: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4754: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4721:Turning vanes 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4696:Thermal wheel 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4661:Solar chimney 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4431:Fan coil unit 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4376:Cooling tower 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4257: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4222:Vapor barrier 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4197:Solar heating 4195: 4193: 4192:Solar cooling 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4167:Refrigeration 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4137:Passive house 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4007:Chilled water 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3943: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3906:Sensible heat 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3886:Noise control 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3866:Heat transfer 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3805: 3801: 3794: 3789: 3787: 3782: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3771: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3733:Groundscraper 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3688: 3682: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3646:Ferris wheels 3644: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3597: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3585:United States 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3326: 3325:South America 3323: 3322: 3321:The Americas 3320: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3283: 3281:(of any type) 3279: 3275: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3156: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3123:United States 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2708: 2700: 2699:Latin America 2697: 2695: 2694:South America 2692: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2684:North America 2682: 2681: 2680:The Americas 2679: 2677: 2674: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2664:Baltic states 2662: 2660: 2657: 2656: 2655: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2591: 2587: 2580: 2575: 2573: 2568: 2566: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2535: 2527: 2525: 2517: 2515: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2444: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2386: 2381: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2287: 2286: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2212: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2176: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2156: 2154: 2150: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2100: 2098: 2096: 2092: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1936: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1899:Manufacturing 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1889:Biomechanical 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1788: 1787:Environmental 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1767:Architectural 1765: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1743: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1709: 1704: 1702: 1697: 1695: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1668: 1664: 1657: 1654: 1642: 1638: 1632: 1629: 1617: 1613: 1607: 1604: 1592: 1588: 1581: 1578: 1567:on 2014-02-02 1566: 1562: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1542:. Paris: The 1538: 1537: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1489: 1486: 1483: 1478: 1475: 1470: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1414: 1411: 1406: 1403: 1398: 1396:0-8052-1082-2 1392: 1388: 1383: 1382: 1376: 1372: 1371:Murray, Peter 1366: 1363: 1352: 1348: 1342: 1339: 1328:on 2013-11-24 1324: 1317: 1311: 1308: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1289: 1286: 1275:on 2012-11-01 1274: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1250: 1246: 1240: 1237: 1221: 1217: 1216:Press Release 1210: 1204: 1201: 1190:on 2012-06-16 1186: 1179: 1173: 1170: 1158: 1154: 1153:RMG Engineers 1150: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1134: 1131: 1126: 1123: 1118: 1114: 1108: 1105: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1073: 1070: 1065: 1059: 1055: 1048: 1045: 1032: 1028: 1022: 1019: 1014: 1008: 1005: 1000: 996: 990: 987: 976: 972: 966: 963: 959: 956: 951: 948: 941: 936: 933: 930: 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 909: 906: 903: 900: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 872: 871: 867: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 789: 785: 779: 774: 771: 765: 760: 755: 753: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 729: 724: 716: 711: 707: 703: 698: 694: 692: 688: 683: 681: 676: 672: 664: 662: 658: 654: 651: 649: 644: 640: 636: 632: 627: 625: 621: 615: 607: 605: 601: 598: 595: 589: 587: 583: 578: 574: 568: 560: 558: 554: 552: 547: 541: 533: 531: 529: 524: 521: 516: 508: 506: 502: 497: 489: 487: 482: 474: 472: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 447: 439: 437: 435: 432:, as well as 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 371: 366: 358: 353: 351: 349: 348:design theory 344: 340: 338: 334: 329: 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 245: 242: 227: 224: 216: 213:December 2022 206: 202: 198: 192: 191: 186:This article 184: 175: 174: 165: 162: 154: 151:December 2022 143: 140: 136: 133: 129: 126: 122: 119: 115: 112: –  111: 107: 106:Find sources: 100: 96: 90: 89: 84:This article 82: 78: 73: 72: 67: 65: 58: 57: 52: 51: 46: 41: 32: 31: 19: 5993:Urban design 5978:Stonemasonry 5890:Design–build 5833:Other topics 5824:Slip forming 5745: 5683:Architecture 5328:Site manager 5247:Construction 5242:Architecture 5195:Construction 5128:Fireproofing 4923: 4912:and services 4908:Professions, 4806:Gas detector 4706:Trickle vent 4681:Smoke damper 4676:Smoke canopy 4671:Space heater 4601:Plenum space 4536:Heating film 4416:Exhaust hood 4386:Dehumidifier 4326:Blast damper 4321:Barrier pipe 4296:Air purifier 4207:Thermosiphon 4086:Free cooling 4002:Chilled beam 3926:Thermal mass 3911:Stack effect 3896:Particulates 3876:Infiltration 3807:Fundamental 3748:Oil platform 3718:Construction 3712: 3651:Freestanding 3575:Turkmenistan 3540:South Africa 3520:Saudi Arabia 3063:South Africa 3038:Saudi Arabia 2460:Engineering 2306:Mechatronics 2159:Agricultural 1809:Geotechnical 1777:Construction 1766: 1671:. Retrieved 1667:thanhnien.vn 1666: 1656: 1645:. Retrieved 1641:MeeyLand.com 1640: 1631: 1620:. Retrieved 1615: 1606: 1595:. Retrieved 1591:thanhnien.vn 1590: 1580: 1569:. Retrieved 1565:the original 1535: 1528: 1517: 1509:the original 1499: 1488: 1477: 1463: 1452: 1434: 1423: 1405: 1380: 1365: 1354:. Retrieved 1350: 1341: 1330:. Retrieved 1323:the original 1310: 1302:the original 1298:www.asce.org 1297: 1288: 1277:. Retrieved 1273:the original 1263: 1252:. Retrieved 1248: 1239: 1227:. Retrieved 1220:the original 1215: 1203: 1192:. Retrieved 1185:the original 1172: 1161:. Retrieved 1152: 1143: 1125: 1116: 1107: 1082: 1078: 1072: 1053: 1047: 1037:19 September 1035:. Retrieved 1030: 1021: 1007: 998: 989: 978:. Retrieved 974: 965: 957: 950: 868:Associations 736:, plumbing, 730: 726: 690: 684: 677: 674: 659: 655: 652: 647: 643:architecture 638: 628: 617: 602: 590: 570: 555: 543: 525: 518: 503: 499: 484: 449: 376: 341: 325: 297:Architecture 284: 280: 276: 275: 237: 219: 210: 187: 157: 148: 138: 131: 124: 117: 105: 93:Please help 88:verification 85: 61: 54: 48: 47:Please help 44: 5937:Plasterwork 5927:Megaproject 5739:Engineering 5668:Site safety 5430:Steel fixer 5395:Electrician 5365:Boilermaker 5271:Professions 5138:Warm Spaces 4780:Blower door 4758:and control 4756:Measurement 4737:Windcatcher 4711:Trombe wall 4651:Sail switch 4631:Refrigerant 4626:Recuperator 4501:Grease duct 4461:Freeze stat 4446:Fire damper 4316:Back boiler 4286:Air ionizer 4281:Air handler 4245:Ventilation 4097:Hybrid heat 3962:Air barrier 3881:Latent heat 3758:Tower block 3656:Lighthouses 3560:Switzerland 3500:Philippines 3490:New Zealand 3485:Netherlands 3345:Afghanistan 3229:Residential 3204:Educational 3159:100+ 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2524:Commons 2366:Textile 2361:Systems 2331:Privacy 2316:Nuclear 2080:Process 2038:Genetic 1984:Optical 1964:Control 1957:outline 1924:Thermal 1914:Railway 1854:Railway 1849:Traffic 1772:Coastal 1731:Outline 1726:History 1377:(ed.). 937:(USGBC) 832:DIN 276 687:Vietnam 287:, is a 195:Please 135:scholar 5673:Zoning 5632:Turkey 5586:(RICS) 5574:(NTCA) 5562:(NKBA) 5556:(NFPA) 5544:(NAHB) 5516:(CMAA) 5505:(CECA) 5477:(APHC) 5465:(ATAC) 5459:(ASCE) 5435:Welder 5425:Roofer 5063:SMACNA 5023:ASHRAE 4843:(MERV) 4797:(CADR) 4775:BACnet 4728:(ULPA) 4581:Louver 4506:Grille 4381:Damper 4331:Boiler 4229:(VCRS) 4030:(DOAS) 3686:topics 3666:Towers 3570:Turkey 3555:Sweden 3529:Kosovo 3525:Serbia 3505:Poland 3495:Norway 3430:Greece 3420:France 3385:Canada 3310:Europe 3295:Africa 3219:Hotels 3209:Future 3103:Turkey 3088:Taiwan 3078:Sweden 3043:Serbia 3033:Russia 3018:Poland 2998:Panama 2993:Norway 2953:Monaco 2948:Mexico 2923:Latvia 2918:Kuwait 2913:Kosovo 2888:Israel 2858:Greece 2843:France 2813:Cyprus 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