Business history - Knowledge

685:(1977). His first two chapters looked at traditional owner-operated small business operations in commerce and production, including the largest among them, the slave plantations in the South. Chapters 3-5 summarize the history of railroad management, with stress on innovations not just in technology but also in accounting, finance and statistics. He then turned to the new business operations made possible by the rail system in mass distribution, such as jobbers, department stores and mail order. A quick survey (ch 8) review mass innovation in mass production. The integration of mass distribution and mass production (ch 9-11) led to many mergers and the emergence of giant industrial corporations by 1900. Management for Chandler was much more than the CEO, it was the whole system of techniques and included middle management (ch 11) as well as the corporate structure of the biggest firms, Standard Oil, General Electric, US Steel, and DuPont (ch 13–14). Chandler argued that modern large-scale firms arose to take advantage of the national markets and productive techniques available after the rail network was in place. He found that they prospered because they had higher productivity, lower costs, and higher profits. The firms created the "managerial class" in America because they needed to coordinate the increasingly complex and interdependent system. This ability to achieve efficiency through coordination, not some anti-competitive monopolistic greed by robber barons, explained the high levels of concentration in modern American industry. 908:, the first volume of which was published in 1954. Other examples included Coleman's work on Courtaulds and artificial fibers, Alford on Wills and the tobacco industry, Barker on Pilkington's and glass manufacture. These early studies were conducted primarily by economic historians interested in the role of leading firms in the development of the wider industry and therefore went beyond mere corporate histories. Although some work examined the successful industries of the industrial revolution and the role of the key entrepreneurs, in the 1970s scholarly debate in British business history became increasingly focused on the economic decline. For economic historians, the loss of British competitive advantage after 1870 could at least in part be explained by entrepreneurial failure, prompting further business history research into the individual industry and corporate cases. The Lancashire cotton textile industry, which had been the leading take-off sector in the industrial revolution, but which was slow to invest in subsequent technical developments, became an important topic of debate on this subject. 709:(2003) offers a new synthesis of American business history during the 19th-20th centuries. Moving beyond the markets-versus-hierarchies framework that underlies the previously dominant interpretation of Chandler, the authors highlight the great variety of coordination mechanisms in use in the economy at any given time. Drawing on late-20th-century theoretical work in economics, they show how the relative advantages and disadvantages of these different mechanisms have shifted in complex and often unpredictable ways as a result of changing economic circumstances. One advantage of this perspective is that it avoids the teleology that has characterized so much writing in the field. As a result, the authors can situate the "New Economy" of the late 20th century in broad historical context without succumbing to the temptation to view it as a climactic stage in the process of economic development. They thus provide a particularly persuasive example of the importance of business history to the understanding of national and international history. 858:

Latin American entrepreneurs. Since the 1980s, Latin American business history has become a much more professionalized and an integrated part of Latin American academia. It is much less politicized and has moved beyond entrepreneurial biography to histories of companies and industries. However, Latin American business historians have still not devoted enough attention to agricultural enterprises or comparative histories between the many countries. Probably most importantly, Latin American business historians have to become much more versed in business history theory and methodology so as to get beyond mere summation of the region's economic past.

929:(Harvard Business School), Charles Harvey (University of Newcastle Business School), John Wilson (Liverpool University Management School) and Steven Toms (Leeds University Business School) have promoted management strategy themes such as networks, family capitalism, corporate governance, human resource management, marketing and brands, and multi-national organisations in their international as well as merely British context. Employing these new themes has allowed business historians to challenge and adapt the earlier conclusions of Chandler and others about the performance of the British economy. 6055: 689:

Chandler's focus on corporations clearly demonstrated that there were differences, and this thesis has guided organizational sociologists' work since the 1970s. It also motivated sociologists to investigate and critique Chandler's work more closely, turning up instances in which Chandler assumed American corporations acted for reasons of efficiency when they actually operated in a context of politics or conflict. Other historians, such as

7752: 6768: 873:(NAFTA) solidified a strategic alliance between the state and business. In Brazil The key policy was privatization of nationalized industries especially steel through the 'Programa Nacional de Desestatizção' (National Program of Destatization) during the early 1990s. It aimed to implement a new industrial policy by restructuring the industry and reforming labor-business relations. 7762: 278:

railroads or steamships, or telegraphs; no cities, the leisure class, no schools, colleges, literature, art – in short, no civilization. The one man to whom the community owes most is the capitalist, that the menu gives, but the man who saves and invests, so that his property reproduces and multiplies itself instead of being consumed.

748:. The next thirty years are sometimes referred to as a “Golden Age” in which quantitative social science research became an established part of business schools. By the 1990s, however, there was a gap between theory-oriented business school faculty and the more applied interests of students and business practitioners. In 1993, 5524: 842:

stemmed from various phenomena of the late 19th century: the corporation system, the joint-stock deposit and investment banks, and the technological innovations in the steel industry. To clarify the contributions of 19th-century entrepreneurs to the economic development in France, French scholars support two journals,

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Understanding the development of business history as a discipline meriting its own aims, theories and methods is often understood as a transition from dominating themes of 'company biography', toward more analytical 'comparative' approaches. This 'comparative' trend enabled practitioners to underline

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Chandler's work was somewhat ignored in history departments, but proved influential in business, economics, and sociology departments. In sociology, for example, prior to Chandler's research, sociologists assumed there were no differences between governmental, corporate, and nonprofit organizations.

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Business history in the U.S. took off in the 1960s with a high volume of products and innovative methodologies. Scholars worked to develop theoretical explanations of the growth of the business enterprise, the study of strategy and structure by Alfred Chandler being a prime example. The relationship

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Nevins argued that economic development in the United States caused relatively little human suffering, while raising the general standard of living and making the United States the great industrial power capable of defeating Germany in both world wars. The great capitalists of that period should, he

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argued that most of the business enterprises in France were family-owned, small in scale, and managed conservatively. By contrast, French business historians emphasized the success of national economic planning since the end of World War II. They argued that the economic development in this period

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Biographies of Mellon, Carnegie and Rockefeller were often laced with moral censure, warning that 'tories of industry' were a threat to democracy and that parasitism, aristocratic pretension and tyranny have always trailed in the wake of concentrated wealth, whether accumulated dynastically or more

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Studies of British business leaders have emphasized how they fit into the class structure, especially their relationship to the aristocracy, and the desire to use their wealth to purchase landed estates, and hereditary titles. Biography has been of less importance in British business history, but

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Barbero (2008) examines the development of the field of Latin American business history, from the 1960s to 2007. Latin American business history developed in the 1960s, but until the 1980s it was dominated by either highly politicized debates over Latin American underdevelopment or biographies of

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In 1958 historian Hal Bridges finds that "The most vehement and persistent controversy in business history has been that waged by the critics and defenders of the 'robber baron' concept of the American businessman." In terms of the Robber Baron model, by the end of the 20th-century scholars had

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It is now known that the desire to own property is the chief difference between the Savage and the enlightened man; that aggregations of money in the hands of individuals are in inestimable blessing to Society, for without them there could be no public improvements or private enterprises, no

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Essentially, business history is concerned with how production and the delivery of goods and services was organized in the past; by an individual, a sole trader, a group of individuals, a partnership, or a joint stock limited liability concern - the modern company. It is also concerned with

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There is a growing body of work of business history in Africa. In one of the recent works Ebimo Amungo chronicled the birth, growth and contributions of indigenous African multinationals to the economic development of Africa with his book "The Rise of the African Multinational Enterprise".

678:. In a career that spanned over sixty years, Chandler produced numerous groundbreaking monographs, articles, and reviews. Intensely focused on only a few areas of the discipline, Chandler nonetheless succeeded in establishing and developing an entirely new realm of business history. 305:

impersonally by the faceless corporation. This scholarship, and the cultural persuasion of which it was an expression, drew on a deeply rooted sensibility–partly religious, partly egalitarian and democratic–that stretched back to William Jennings Bryan, Andrew Jackson and Tom Paine.

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As the United States industrialized very rapidly after the Civil War, a few hundred prominent men made large fortunes by building and controlling major industries, such as railroads, shipping, steel, mining and banking. Yet the newer who gathered the most attention was railroader

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Though these later biographers did not confer heroic status on their subjects, they used historical and biographical investigations to establish a more complex understanding of the American past, and the history of American economic development in particular.

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their work with 'generalist' potential. Questions of comparative business performance have become a staple, featuring into the wider economic histories of nations, regions, and communities. For many, this transition was first achieved by

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later criticized Nevins for confusing readers. By contrast, historian Priscilla Roberts argues that Nevins' studies of inventors and businessmen brought about a reassessment of American industrialization and its leaders. She writes:

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has sought to facilitate research and teaching on African, Asian and Latin American business history in a project called Creating Emerging Markets, which includes interviews with long-time leaders of firms and NGOs in those regions.

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between business and the federal government became a focal point of the study. On the whole, the 1960s affirmed the conclusions of the earlier decades regarding the close interrelationship between government and business enterprise.

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for example argued that cotton textile entrepreneurs in Britain failed to develop larger integrated plants on the American model; a conclusion similar to Chandler's synthesis of a number of comparative case studies.

317:(2 vols., 1940), took on Josephson. He argued that while Rockefeller may have engaged in some unethical and illegal business practices, this should not overshadow his bringing order to industrial chaos of the day. 921:, then by Terry Gourvish. Other research centres followed, notably at Glasgow and Reading, reflecting an increasing involvement in the discipline by Business and Management School academics. More recent editors of 332:

argued, be viewed, not as 'robber barons', but as men whose economic self-interest had played an essentially positive role in American history, and who had done nothing criminal by the standards of their time.

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capitalists, according to Nevins, sought to impose order and stability on competitive business, and that their work made the United States the foremost economy by the 20th century. Business journalist

793:(Cambridge, MA 1995) This book compared the business histories of Britain, Germany, Japan, and the United States since the Industrial Revolution, and was used as the text of a new year MBA course at 502: 7100: 4605: 821:

and Andrea Lluch have published a comparative study of the historical impact of globalization on Argentina and Chile. In 2011 Jones and his co-editor Walter A. Friedman published an editorial in

1284: 801:, who was McCraw's successor as Isidor Straus Professor of Business History, also pursued a comparative research agenda. He published a comparative study of the history of globalization called 6369: 7328: 7095: 6513: 5626: 5151: 509:

build a tradition of scholarship as well as the leading library in the field. He edited a series of monographs, the Harvard Studies in Business History. He also served as editor of the

740:, the report gave detailed recommendations for treating management as a science and improving the academic quality of business schools. Another influential report, that same year, was 7310: 768:

has suggested that business and management should not treat the issues of rigor (credibility of evidence) and relevance (usefulness of knowledge) separately, but see them as related.

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McKiernan, P.; Tsui, A. S. (2020). "Responsible Research in Business and Management: transforming doctoral education". In Moosmayer, DC; Laasch, O; Parkes, C; Brown, KG (eds.).

880:, is a South American commerce pact started in 1991 among Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay at the instigation of Argentina and Brazil. Mercosur's purpose is to promote 7080: 6607: 6094: 884:

and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency. Since its foundation, Mercosur's functions have been updated and amended many times; it currently confines itself to a

2971:; Comparative study of the origins and development of merchant guilds in Europe, esp. their emergence during the late Middle Ages and their decline in the Early Modern era 5604: 184: 7596: 5884: 869:

neoliberalism became the basis for state-private sector relationships. The new policy allowed for close cooperation with United States and Canada as exemplified by the

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there are compilations. British business history began to widen its scope in the 1980s, with research work conducted at the LSE's Business History Unit, led first by

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has studied business in both the United States and China and encourages scholars to collaborate internationally and to study leadership as it is practiced in China.

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Grafe, Regina, and Oscar Gelderblom. "The Rise and Fall of the Merchant Guilds: Re-thinking the Comparative Study of Commercial Institutions in Premodern Europe,"

756:(AoM). “What if the Academy Actually Mattered?”, drew attention to this relevance crisis. The theme has been repeatedly visited since then, including by president 7135: 6719: 6631: 4939: 1222: 7458: 7230: 7090: 6877: 6374: 720:

traces the rise and development of American management as a profession and argues that its promise has been unfulfilled. A key event was the publication of the

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Business history in Britain emerged in the 1950s following the publication of a series of influential company histories and the establishment of the journal

273:. Historian Stephen Frazier argues that probably most Americans admired Vanderbilt; they agreed with biographer William Augustus Croffut who wrote in 1886: 7217: 6492: 6194: 5119: 6663: 979:

understanding the processes underlying decision making. All this makes business history distinct from economic history, although they are clearly allied .

7402: 7070: 7024: 5212: 4663: 1066:"The Misunderstood Robber Baron: On Cornelius Vanderbilt: T.J. Stiles's The First Tycoon is a gilded portrait of the robber baron Cornelius Vanderbilt", 5960: 1445:

From higher aims to hired hands : the social transformation of American business schools and the unfulfilled promise of management as a profession

7019: 7014: 6709: 1534:"Review of Higher Education for Business.; The Education of American Business Men: A Study in University-College Programs in Business Administration" 7732: 6319: 6018: 4521: 3391: 2803:

Cambridge Economic History of Europe. Vol. 7: Industrial Economies. Capital, Labour, and Enterprise. Part 1 Britain, France, Germany and Scandinavia

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Lamoreaux, Naomi R.; Raff, Daniel M. G.; and Temin, Peter. "Beyond Markets and Hierarchies: Toward a New Synthesis of American Business History."

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From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession

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Perks, Rob. "The roots of oral history: exploring contrasting attitudes to elite, corporate, and business oral history in Britain and the US."

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Perchard, Andrew, et al. "Clio in the business school: Historical approaches in strategy, international business, and entrepreneurship."

481:, historian of the transcontinental railroads, stated in 2011 he has no use for the concept because it had been killed off by historians 6683: 6461: 6339: 6119: 5965: 5800: 5249: 5002: 4732: 4682: 3424: 2910: 870: 5491: 2905:

Decker, Stephanie, Matthias Kipping, and R. Daniel Wadhwani. "New business histories! Plurality in business history research methods."

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William Mass, & William Lazonick, "The British Cotton Industry and International Competitive Advantage: the state of the debates,"

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had, for reasons of inefficiency and a dislike of market discipline, openly sought government assistance to keep market forces at bay.

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Gerardo Otero, "The neoliberal food regime in Latin America: state, agribusiness transnational corporations and biotechnology."

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José Ignácio Vega Fernández, "Neoliberalism and Neo-Developmentalism as Promoters of Capitalist Aquaculture in Brazil." in

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Shaping the Industrial Century: The Remarkable Story of the Evolution of the Modern Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries.

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In the 1980s, numerous governments in Latin America adopted neoliberal policies. In Mexico, for example, under presidents

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Dictionary of business biography: a biographical dictionary of business leaders active in Britain in the period 1860-1980

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Toms, Steven and Wilson, John F. "Scale, Scope and Accountability: Towards a New Paradigm of British Business History."

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Toms, Steven and Wilson, John F. "Scale, Scope and Accountability: Towards a New Paradigm of British Business History,"

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Remonda Bensabat Kleinberg, "Strategic Alliances: State-Business Relations in Mexico Under Neo-Liberalism and Crisis."

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A 2002 survey of 58 business history professors gave the top spot in the history of American business entrepreneurs to

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Hashino, Tomoko, and Osamu Saito. "Tradition and interaction: research trends in modern Japanese industrial history,"

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Richard R. John, "Elaborations, revisions, dissents: Alfred D. Chandler, Jr.'s, the visible Hand after twenty years."

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John, Richard R. "Elaborations, Revisions, Dissents: Alfred D. Chander, Jr.'s, The Visible Hand after Twenty Years,"

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A Nation Transformed by Information: How Information Has Shaped the United States from Colonial Times to the Present

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Ben Ross Schneider, "The material bases of technocracy: Investor confidence and neoliberalism in Latin America." in

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Richard R. John, "Elaborations, Revisions, Dissents: Alfred D. Chandler Jr.'s The Visible Hand after Twenty Years,"

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Chandler, Jr., Alfred D. "The Competitive Performance of U.S. Industrial Enterprises since the Second World War,"

901: 489:. He notes that "Much of the modern history of corporations is a reaction against the Robber Barons and fictions." 152: 28: 7041: 6936: 4531: 1262: 7765: 7670: 7580: 6926: 6202: 6074: 5640: 5278: 5237: 4759: 4130: 3782: 1363:

Naomi R. Lamoreaux et al, "Beyond Markets and Hierarchies: Toward a New Synthesis of American Business History."

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Friedman, Walter A. and Tedlow, Richard S. "Statistical Portraits of American Business Elites: a Review Essay."

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Decker, Stephanie. "The silence of the archives: business history, post-colonialism and archival ethnography."

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Cheta, Omar Youssef. "The economy by other means: The historiography of capitalism in the modern Middle East."

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Blaine McCormick, and Burton W. Folsom. "A survey of business historians on America's greatest entrepreneurs."

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Chandler, A., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism, Cambridge Mass.: Belknap Press (1990).

1470:"Stop Blaming Gordon and Howell: Unpacking the Complex History Behind the Research-Based Model of Education" 810: 794: 782: 675: 635: 515: 486: 6033: 5168: 1832: 805:(Oxford, 2005). In 2010, Jones also published a comparative history of the global beauty industry entitled 7463: 7441: 7436: 6359: 6208: 5714: 5379: 5218: 5141: 5111: 4975: 4922: 4739: 4615: 4510: 4350: 4345: 4203: 4169: 4157: 4152: 4115: 4065: 3923: 3903: 3589: 3534: 3098:

Laird, Pamela Walker. "How business historians can save the world–from the fallacy of self-made success."

1588:"The Education Of American Businessmen: A Study Of University-College Programs In Business Administration" 671: 378: 61: 6324: 6223: 6173: 6168: 1814: 313:

challenged this view of big businessmen by advocating the "Industrial Statesman" thesis. Nevins, in his

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Johnman, Lewis and Murphy, Hugh. "Maritime and Business History in Britain: Past, Present, and Future?"

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The Education Of American Businessmen: A Study Of University-College Programs In Business Administration

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Fischer, Wolfram. "Some Recent Developments of Business History in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland."

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which identified comparative research as essential for the future of business history as a discipline.

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Capitalism and the State in Modern France: Renovation and Economic Management in the Twentieth Century

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The Emergence of Giant Enterprise, 1860–1914: American Commercial Enterprise and Extractive Industries

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can be seen as defining an era of management work, shown in the works of Elton Mayo, Chester Barnard,

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A minority were irate and excoriated the titans of finance and industry as 'robber barons' and worse.

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Inside the Business Enterprise: Historical Perspectives on the Transformation and Use of Information

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A number of sources address the history of business management as it has developed as a profession.

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Ben Ross Schneider, "The developmental state in Brazil: comparative and historical perspectives."

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Honeyman, Katrina. "Doing Business with Gender: Service Industries and British Business History."

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in 1958 at the University of Liverpool. The most influential of these early company histories was

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A Vigorous Spirit of Enterprise: Merchants and Economic Development in Revolutionary Philadelphia

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Engel, Von Alexander. "Die Transformation von Märkten und die Entstehung moderner Unternehmen,"

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However a counterattack by academic historians began as the Depression ended. Business historian

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Joyce Thompson Heames, and Jacob W. Breland. "Management pioneer contributors: 30-year review."

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Historians have followed Nevins' lead in writing biographies of the major industrialists of the

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Quest for Economic Empire: European Strategies of German Big Business in the Twentieth Century

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McGahan, A. (2018). "2017 Presidential address—Freedom in scholarship: lessons from Atlanta".

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continued to emphasize the importance of comparative research and course development. In 1995

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A 1977 survey of management scholars reported the top five pioneers in management ideas were:

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The Impact of Globalization on Argentina and Chile. Business Enterprises and Entrepreneurship

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Rollings, Neil. "British Business History: a Review of the Periodical Literature for 2005."

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François Crouzet, "The historiography of French economic growth in the nineteenth century."

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A trend in recent years has been to compare the business histories of individual countries.

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Barbero, María Inés. "Business History in Latin America: A Historiographical Perspective,"

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Landes, David S. "French Entrepreneurship and Industrial Growth in the Nineteenth Century,"

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María Inés Barbero, "Business History in Latin America: A Historiographical Perspective,"

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Liverpool University Press, 1999 * Gardella, Robert, Jane K. Leonard, Andrea McElderry;

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Julia A. Smith, "Land ownership and social change in late nineteenth-century Britain."

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edited by Miguel A. Centeno, and Patricio Silva, (Palgrave Macmillan, 1998) pp. 77-95.

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Youssef Cassis, "Business History in France" in Franco Amatori and Geoffrey Jones, eds.

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Pamela Walker Laird, "Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. and the Landscape of Marketing History."

1045: 693:, challenged the very notion of "efficiency through coordination", arguing instead that 7202: 7009: 6621: 6249: 6245: 5896: 5514: 5471: 5453: 5293: 5134: 4764: 4598: 4386: 4374: 4060: 3945: 3621: 3606: 3596: 3498: 3400: 2723:

Entrepreneurship and Multinationals. Global Business and the Making of the Modern World

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Coordination and Information: Historical Perspectives on the Organization of Enterprise

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Dutch Enterprise in the Twentieth Century: Business Strategies in a Small Open Economy

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The Invention of Enterprise: Entrepreneurship from Ancient Mesopotamia to Modern Times

2138: 994:(1968) summarizes the debate and provides excerpts from primary and secondary sources. 7781: 7591: 7543: 6985: 6611: 4774: 4098: 4079: 4023: 3977: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3809: 3804: 3681: 3674: 3129:

Mordhorst, Mads, and Stefan Schwarzkopf. "Theorising narrative in business history."

2841:

World of Possibilities: Flexibility and Mass Production in Western Industrialization,

2702:

Multinationals and Global Capitalism. From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century

2654: 2318: 2172: 1718: 1493: 1419: 918: 885: 838: 690: 655: 651: 600: 588: 552: 498: 461: 443: 427: 423: 392: 374: 354: 76: 5021: 3305:

Figured Tapestry: Production, Markets, and Power in Philadelphia Textiles, 1885–1941

721: 5709: 5356: 5178: 4877: 4326: 4284: 4213: 3950: 3835: 3789: 3777: 3720: 3686: 3327: 2737:

Business Enterprise in Modern Britain: From the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Century

2223:

William D. Rubinstein, "Wealth, elites and the class structure of modern Britain."

826: 765: 694: 604: 560: 465: 453: 433: 396: 310: 225: 2212:

Gentlemen capitalists: the social and political world of the Victorian businessman

2038:

Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d'études du développement

2023:

Carlos, Marichal, "Archival Note: Banking History and Archives in Latin America,"

1943: 2978:(1939), with short biographies, company histories and outlines of the main issues 2680: 2054: 1815:"Creating Emerging Markets - Creating Emerging Markets - Harvard Business School" 955: 7710: 7489: 5992: 5977: 5659: 5634: 5610: 4980: 4968: 4890: 4466: 4279: 4083: 3819: 3767: 3742: 3725: 3664: 2100:

State Capitalism Under Neoliberalism: The Case of Agriculture and Food in Brazil

1927: 1637: 809:(Oxford, 2010). More recently, Jones and the Business History Initiative at the 584: 568: 413: 384: 364: 287: 17: 2627:

Management and Business in Britain and France: The Age of the Corporate Economy

2280: 497:

Meanwhile, business history as an academic discipline was founded by Professor

370:

The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance

7548: 7451: 6555: 6364: 6198: 5768: 4430: 4018: 3772: 3730: 3716: 3584: 3569: 2292: 1971:

Tom Kemp, "French economic performance: some new views critically examined."

1911: 1894: 1621: 1587: 881: 631: 592: 556: 540: 536: 337: 318: 292: 213: 2310: 1951: 1645: 1557: 1411: 477:

mostly discarded it although it remained influential in the popular culture.

6828: 6475: 5941: 5599: 5476: 5306: 4789: 4120: 3799: 3794: 3757: 3752: 3616: 3559: 3544: 3413: 2670:

Chinese Business History: Interpretive Trends and Priorities for the Future

2414:

Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise

1321:

Steven W. Usselman, "Still Visible: Alfred D. Chandler's The Visible Hand,"

647: 639: 217: 109: 3124:

Chinese Business History: Interpretive Trends and Priorities for the Future

1485: 3298:

Proprietary Capitalism: The Textile Manufacture at Philadelphia, 1800–1885

3221:

Business of Empire: The East India Company and Imperial Britain, 1756-1833

3080:

Klein, Maury. "Coming Full Circle: the Study of Big Business since 1950."

2613:

The Rise of Modern Business in Great Britain, the United States, and Japan

1710: 1679: 960:(2 ed.). London: Taylor & Francis (published 2017). p. 214. 781:. Chandler's successors as Isidor Straus Professor of Business History at 7150: 6872: 5893: 3814: 3762: 3312:

Samuel Slater and the Origins of the American Textile Industry, 1790–1860

2960:

Service Center for Teachers of History. 1967, historiographical pamphlet.

2810:

The State and Business in the Major Powers: An Economic History 1815-1939

2597:

Business History around the World at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century

2545:

The Entrepreneurial Adventure: A History of Business in the United States

1469: 877: 572: 3039:

John, Richard R. "Business historians and the challenge of innovation."

1694: 1206: 662:" in 1959 and has been described as "the founder of modern management". 282:

However, Fraser goes on, there was a minority who vehemently dissented:

7511: 6992: 6882: 3601: 3579: 3529: 3433: 3263:

Franchising in America: The Development of a Business Method, 1840-1980

3082:

Enterprise & Society: the International Journal of Business History

3068: 2991:

Hansen, Per H., “Business History: A Cultural and Narrative Approach,”

2937: 2782: 2241: 1565: 1148: 1032: 506: 205: 1390:

Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior

4034: 3611: 3524: 2158:

John Wilson, and Steven Toms, J.S ‘Fifty years of Business History’,

261:

Even before academic studies began, Americans were enthralled by the

3360:

The American Petroleum Industry: The Age of Illumination, 1859-1899,

2666:

Business History in Latin America: The Experience of Seven Countries

1549: 1295:

Richard R. John, "Turner, Beard, Chandler: Progressive Historians."

4669: 4566: 3549: 3346:

The History of Foreign Investment in the United States before 1914

3284:

Fortune Tellers. The Story of America's First Economic Forecasters

3105:

Larson, Henrietta M. "Business History: Retrospect and Prospect."

2953:(2014) 720pp; reprint of scholarly articles published 1934 to 2012 2855:

The Industrial Revolution in National Context: Europe and the USA

2478:

The American heritage history of American business & industry,

1851:"Building Histories of Emerging Economies One Interview at a Time" 1607:

The Sage Handbook of Responsible Management Learning and Education

1533: 1161:

Railroaded: The Transcontinentals and the Making of Modern America

3369: 2370:

Major Problems in American Business History: Documents and Essays

1334:

Thomas K. McCraw, "Alfred Chandler: His Vision and Achievement,"

3554: 3353:

The History of Foreign Investment in the United States 1914-1945

2407:

The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business

683:

The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business

7689: 7634: 7266: 6793: 5866: 5855: 4498: 4241: 4005: 3644: 3478: 3373: 3122:

McElderry, Andrea Lee, Jane Kate Leonard, and Robert Gardella.

2730:

Profits and Sustainability. A History of Green Entrepreneurship

2576:

The Land of Enterprise: A Business History of the United States

2392:

Enterprising Americans: A Business History of the United States

3249:

The Pabst Brewing Company: The History of an American Business

3117:

International Business History: A Contextual and Case Approach

3093: 2620:

Big Business: The European Experience in the Twentieth Century

2124:

Laura Gómez-Mera, "Lessons from Latin America: MERCOSUR." in

837:

American historians working in French business history led by

3277:

Birth of a Salesman. The Transformation of Selling in America

1143:

Hal Bridges, "The Robber Baron Concept in American History",

503:

Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration

2625:

Cassis, Youssef, François Crouzet, and Terry Gourvish, eds.

1027:

Hal Bridges, "The Robber Baron Concept in American History"

2942:

Friedman, Walter A., and Geoffrey Jones. "Time for Debate,"

2857:(1996) 445pp; 127 scholarly essays on every major country. 2824:

The Birth and Death of Companies: An Historical Perspective

1091:

John D. Rockefeller: The Heroic Age of American Enterprise

315:

John D. Rockefeller: The Heroic Age of American Enterprise

3364:

American Petroleum Industry: the Age of Energy 1899-1959,

3319:

Black Business in the New South: A Social History of the

2281:"The Rise of the African Multinational Enterprise (AMNE)" 1695:"Responsible Research and Responsible Leadership Studies" 1120:

Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 2

216:

and the effects of business on society. It also includes

2763:

Landes, David S. Joel Mokyr and William J. Baumol, eds.

2758:

Learning by Doing in Organizations, Markets, and Nations

2756:

Lamoreaux, Naomi R., Daniel Raff, and Peter Temin, eds.

2716:

Beauty Imagined. A History of the Global Beauty Industry

2695:

The Evolution of International Business: An Introduction

1791:

Beauty Imagined: A History of the Global Beauty Industry

807:

Beauty Imagined: A History of the Global Beauty Industry

300:

By the Great Depression of the 1930s, Fraser continues:

232:. It is distinct from "company history" which refers to 27:

This article is about the subject. For the journal, see

7311:

Professionalization and institutionalization of history

957:

History: An Introduction to Theory, Method and Practice

439:

The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt

2641:

Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism

2421:

Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism

1928:"Dr Kristine Marin Kawamura interviews Anne Tsui, PhD" 1447:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 273. 1003:

Thomas C. Cochran, "The Legend of the Robber Barons."

7603:

Heroic theory of invention and scientific development

2981:

Gras, N. S. B. "Are You Writing a Business History?"

2636:(Harvard Studies in Business History, no. 46.) 2005. 2552:

American Enterprise: A History of Business in America

760:

in 2017. Another major focus of concern has been the

519:(1954-date). N.S.B. Grass and Henrietta M. Larson, 6451:

Awareness in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe

3235:

The New England Merchants in the Seventeenth Century

2449:

Made in the U.S.A.: The History of American Business

2368:

Blaszczyk, Regina Lee, and Philip B. Scranton, eds.

7579: 7383: 7342: 7118: 7069: 6804: 6730: 6694: 6588: 6542: 6506: 6436: 6388: 6350: 6310: 6269: 6186: 6017: 6008: 5927: 5827: 5789: 5725: 5692: 5583: 5507: 5464: 5405: 5370: 5342: 5277: 5204: 5110: 5038: 4752: 4681: 4614: 4576: 4509: 4427: 4319: 4252: 4051: 3828: 3695: 3657: 3517: 3491: 3063:Kirkland, Edward C. "The Robber Barons Revisited," 2985:1944 18(4): 73-110. detailed guide to writing one; 2688:

A History of Business in Medieval Europe, 1200-1550

2675:Goodall, F., Gourvish, T. and Tolliday, S. (eds.). 6411:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia 2863:Tignor, Robert L. "The Business Firm in Africa." 2569:Encyclopedia of African American Business History 2516:Lamoreaux, Naomi R., and Daniel M. G. Raff, eds. 1609:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publ. pp. 485–501. 1350:, "Chandler and the Sociology of Organizations," 2433:Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. and James W. Cortada. 1833:"Thriving in the Turbulence of Emerging Markets" 3878:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought 3366:1964. The standard history of the oil industry. 2839:Sabel, Charles F., and Jonathan Zeitlin, eds. 3067:Vol. 66, No. 1. (Oct., 1960), pp. 68–73. 2949:Friedman, Walter A., and Geoffrey Jones, eds. 2707:Jones, Geoffrey., and Jonathan Zeitlin (eds.) 2677:International bibliography of business history 2664:Dávila, Carlos, Rory Miller, and Garry Mills. 2128:(Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2016). 297-312. 1988:(Cambridge University Press, 2003) pp. 192-214 1474:Academy of Management Learning & Education 1047:The Vanderbilts and the Story of Their Fortune 531:Ranking entrepreneurs and management theorists 513:(1926–1953), a journal which later became the 7459:Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church 7329:Western European colonialism and colonization 5878: 3385: 3242:The World Of Business Harvard Business School 2111:Gian Luca Gardini, "Who Invented Mercosur?." 178: 8: 3321:North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company 3075:Corporate America: A Historical Bibliography 2525:American Business Since 1920: How It Worked 2175:, ‘New Issues in British Business History’, 670:After 1960 the most influential scholar was 3291:Gentlemen Bankers. The World of J.P. Morgan 3107:Bulletin of the Business Historical Society 2983:Bulletin of the Business Historical Society 2817:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History 2353:Blackford, Mansel G., and K. Austin Kerr. 1926:Kawamura, Kristine Marin (1 January 2013). 1893:Walter A. Friedman; Geoffrey Jones (2011). 1839:. Harvard Business School. 14 January 2015. 1172:See N.S.B. Grass and Henrietta M. Larson, 523:(1939) defined the field for a generation. 511:Bulletin of the Business Historical Society 389:Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. 7686: 7631: 7339: 7263: 7066: 6801: 6790: 6385: 6266: 6014: 5885: 5871: 5863: 5852: 5786: 5035: 4611: 4506: 4495: 4424: 4249: 4238: 4048: 4002: 3654: 3641: 3488: 3475: 3392: 3378: 3370: 3358:Williamson, Harold F. and Arnold R. Daum. 3003:Business History: concepts and measurement 2902:(April 2018) 16#4 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12444 2884:Amatori, Franco, and Geoffrey Jones, eds. 2523:McCraw, Thomas K., and William R. Childs. 2051:The politics of expertise in Latin America 1855:Working Knowledge: The Thinking That Leads 1837:Working Knowledge: The Thinking That Leads 1438: 1436: 1237:"Management's Three Eras: A Brief History" 185: 171: 33: 6514:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 3332:The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise 3174:Scranton, Philip, and Patrick Fridenson. 3051:International Journal of Maritime History 2831:Handbook on the history of European banks 2822:Moss, Michael, and Philippe Jobert, eds. 2595:Amatori, Franco and Geoffrey Jones, eds. 1910: 1401: 1115:Priscilla M. Roberts, "Nevins, Allan" in 7733:Historical geographic information system 3339:The Maturing of Multinational Enterprise 2895:Autumn 2008, Vol. 82 Issue 3, pp 555–575 2829:Pohl, Manfred, and Sabine Freitag, eds. 2679:. London and New York: Routledge, 1997. 1622:"What if the Academy Actually Mattered?" 1354:Summer 2008, Vol. 82 Issue 2, pp 241-250 1338:Summer 2008, Vol. 82 Issue 2, pp 207-226 1080:Fraser, "The Misunderstood Robber Baron" 236:, usually funded by the company itself. 2917:Management & Organizational History 2801:Mathias, Peter, and M. M. Postan, eds. 2709:The Oxford Handbook of Business History 2355:Business Enterprise in American History 1857:. Harvard Business School. 28 May 2014. 1379: 1377: 1375: 1373: 946: 133: 100: 52: 45: 7373:English historical school of economics 5425:Historical Series of the Bank of Italy 2974:Gras, N.S.B. and Henrietta M. Larson. 2686:Hunt, Edwin S.. and James M. Murray. 2341:A History of Small Business in America 2087:Brazilian Journal of Political Economy 1620:Hambrick, Donald C. (1 January 1994). 1468:McLaren, Patricia Genoe (March 2019). 1403:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-062021-021303 1235:McGrath, Rita Gunther (30 July 2014). 1106:. New York: Lyle Stuart, 1975. p. 145. 7569:Revisionist school of Islamic studies 7408:Historical reliability of the Gospels 3019:Nov 2004, Vol. 44 Issue 3, pp 241–258 3010:Labour and Business in Modern Britain 2976:Casebook in American Business History 2791:For Profit: A History of Corporations 1868:Geoffrey Jones; Andrea Lluch (2015). 1174:Casebook in American business history 1123:. Taylor & Francis. p. 869. 954:Claus, Peter; Marriott, John (2012). 521:Casebook in American business history 158:Industrialization in the Soviet Union 7: 7761: 5386:More Irish than the Irish themselves 2965:Journal of Interdisciplinary History 2853:Teich, Mikuláš and Roy Porter, eds. 2578:(Simon & Schuster, 2017). 280 pp 2442:Business in American Life: A History 1766:Multinationals and Global Capitalism 803:Multinationals and Global Capitalism 6456:Functionalism–intentionalism debate 3207:Business History: Selected Readings 3017:Australian Economic History Review, 2927:Jahrbuch fuer Wirtschaftsgeschichte 2872:British Business History, 1720-1994 2535:The rise of big business, 1860–1920 2074:Bulletin of Latin American Research 876:The Common Market of the South, or 871:North American Free Trade Agreement 7469:Hermeneutics of Vatican Council II 5413:Fourth Italian War of Independence 3186:Essays in British Business History 3008:Harvey, Charles, and John Turner. 2214:(Stanford University Press, 19920. 1261:Denning, Steve (August 29, 2014). 848:Revue d'Histoire de la Siderurgie. 148:Economic history of the Arab world 25: 3073:Klass, Lance, and Susan Kinnell. 2886:Business History Around the World 2659:The Emergence of Modern Marketing 2599:(2003) pp 192–214; historiography 1986:Business history around the world 1699:Academy of Management Discoveries 1586:Pierson, Frank (1 January 1959). 1384:Tsui, Anne S. (21 January 2022). 1044:William Augustus Croffut (1886). 7760: 7751: 7750: 6767: 6766: 6608:Palestinian expulsion and flight 5120:5000-year civilization assertion 4696:Nadir of American race relations 2409:(1977), highly influential study 1538:Administrative Science Quarterly 1005:Explorations in Economic History 658:. Drucker introduced the term " 7597:Protestant Ethic and Capitalism 6471:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust 6406:Soviets and the Warsaw Uprising 6213:Causes of the Armenian genocide 4522:Pyramid construction techniques 4089:Comparative historical research 3707:Library and information science 3065:The American Historical Review, 2488:) (1972), very well illustrated 752:'s presidential address to the 7609:Gunpowder and gun transmission 7559:Religionsgeschichtliche Schule 7368:Historical school of economics 7305:Nationalism in the Middle Ages 6743:Gunpowder and gun transmission 6617:Zionism as settler colonialism 5622:Limpieza de sangre controversy 4589:Metropolitan-hinterland thesis 3240:Bursk, Edward C., et al. eds. 2648:Merchant Enterprise In Britain 2402:) (1974) by popular journalist 2377:A History of American Business 204:which examines the history of 1: 7418:Opposition to Papal supremacy 4606:Indigenous population history 3256:The American Wool Manufacture 1944:10.1108/ccm.2013.13620baa.009 1693:Tsui, Anne S. (1 June 2021). 1532:Hutchins, John G. B. (1960). 1219:Journal of Management History 726:Higher Education for Business 7334:Desacralization of knowledge 5605:Carlism in the Francoist era 5573:Holodomor in modern politics 3176:Reimagining Business History 2995:86 (Winter 2012), 693–717. 2590:Textbooks and surveys: World 2285:Management for Professionals 1743:. Harvard University Press. 1626:Academy of Management Review 257:Robber baron (industrialist) 7726:Historiographic metafiction 7636:Organizations, publications 7425:Proto-orthodox Christianity 6375:German resistance to Nazism 6231:Persian famine of 1917–1919 5641:Islamic revolution of Spain 5568:Holodomor genocide question 5444:Revisionism of Risorgimento 5438:Rerum italicarum scriptores 5419:Historiae Patriae Monumenta 5186:Self-Strengthening Movement 4336:decolonization of knowledge 3033:71 (Summer 1997): 151–200. 2779:Journal of Economic History 2744:Business History of Alberta 1793:. Oxford University Press. 1768:. Oxford University Press. 1638:10.5465/amr.1994.9410122006 1508:"The more things change..." 1263:"The Best Of Peter Drucker" 1050:. Belford, Clarke. p. 992:The Robber Barons Revisited 7804: 7523:Wissenschaft des Judentums 7500:Criticism of Protestantism 6380:Nazi foreign policy debate 5811:Second colonial occupation 5558:Soviet famine of 1930–1933 5196:Tibetan sovereignty debate 4740:Progressive-era historians 4175:Nationalization of history 4126:Historical-critical method 2967:, (2010) 40#4 pp 477–511. 2958:American Business History. 2946:(Autumn 2011) 85#1 pp:1-8. 2929:(2012), Issue 2, pp 93–111 2781:(1949) 9#1 pp. 45–61 2742:Klassen, Henry Cornelius. 2639:Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. 2632:Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. 2508:American Historical Review 2334:Textbooks and surveys: USA 1973:European History Quarterly 1821:. Harvard Business School. 1741:Creating Modern Capitalism 1365:American Historical Review 1163:(2011) pp. xxxi, 234, 508. 1147:(1958) 32#1 pp. 1–13 1031:(1958) 32#1 pp. 1–13 902:Charles Wilson (historian) 791:Creating Modern Capitalism 681:Chandler's masterwork was 458:Morgan: American Financier 254: 243: 153:Economy of the Inca Empire 29:Business History (journal) 26: 7745: 7696: 7685: 7641: 7630: 7273: 7262: 6800: 6789: 6761: 6528:Second Sino-Japanese War 5903: 5862: 5851: 5333:Vergangenheitsbewältigung 4505: 4494: 4248: 4237: 4014: 4001: 3653: 3640: 3487: 3474: 3407: 2493:American Business History 2419:Chandler, Jr., Alfred D. 2412:Chandler, Jr., Alfred D. 2405:Chandler, Jr., Alfred D. 2293:10.1007/978-3-030-33096-5 2179:(1983) 57# 2, pp.165-174. 2126:Region-Building in Africa 1932:Cross Cultural Management 1912:10.1017/S0007680511000201 1819:Creating Emerging Markets 1739:Thomas K. McCraw (1995). 1310:Journal of Macromarketing 927:Geoffrey Jones (academic) 863:Carlos Salinas de Gortari 819:Geoffrey Jones (academic) 404:Henry Clay Frick: The Man 246:American business history 7283:Crisis of historiography 6446:Auschwitz bombing debate 6132:Indian Rebellion of 1857 5983:Late Bronze Age collapse 5917:List of military museums 5520:Pre-Revolutionary Russia 5492:Polish People's Republic 5327:Sybel-Ficker controversy 4691:African-American history 4664:Colonial Spanish America 4453:Second Thirty Years' War 3205:Tucker, Kenneth Arthur. 3184:Supple, Barry Emmanuel. 3133:59.8 (2017): 1155–1175. 2993:Business History Review, 2944:Business History Review, 2893:Business History Review, 2574:Waterhouse, Benjamin C. 2440:Cochran, Thomas Childs. 2113:Diplomacy and Statecraft 2025:Business History Review, 2012:Business History Review, 1594:. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1443:Khurana, Rakesh (2007). 1352:Business History Review, 1336:Business History Review, 1325:vol 47 #3 (2006) 584-596 1117:Kelly Boyd, ed. (1999). 1104:The Rockefeller Syndrome 620:Frederick Winslow Taylor 350:Mellon: An American Life 6396:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 6255:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 5806:Porter–MacKenzie debate 5563:Causes of the Holodomor 5100:Problem of two emperors 5048:Catilinarian conspiracy 4275:Historical significance 4136:Indiscipline of history 4111:Historical anthropology 3268:Doerflinger, Thomas M. 3102:59.8 (2017): 1201–1217. 3041:Business History Review 3031:Business History Review 3024:Business History Review 2934:Business History Review 2909:(2015) 57#1 pp: 30–40. 2865:Business History Review 2491:Krooss, Herman Edward. 2430:68 (Spring 1994): 1–72. 2428:Business History Review 2240:53#.4 (2000): 767-776. 2238:Economic History Review 2177:Business History Review 2014:(2008) 82#3, pp 555-575 1999:Economic History Review 1899:Business History Review 1789:Geoffrey Jones (2010). 1764:Geoffrey Jones (2005). 1297:Business History Review 1281:Business History Review 1241:Harvard Business Review 1203:Business History Review 1187:Business History Review 1145:Business History Review 1029:Business History Review 844:Enterprises et Histoire 823:Business History Review 811:Harvard Business School 795:Harvard Business School 783:Harvard Business School 676:Harvard Business School 636:Lillian Moller Gilbreth 516:Business History Review 202:historiographical field 53:Particular histories of 7490:Protestant Reformation 7464:Second Vatican Council 7442:Succession to Muhammad 7437:Criticism of the Quran 7188:Religious perspectives 6922:Klemens von Metternich 6519:"Battle for Australia" 6401:Soviet offensive plans 6370:Broad vs. narrow front 6209:Late Ottoman genocides 5142:Century of humiliation 4923:Goguryeo controversies 4901:2,500-year celebration 4559:Double genocide theory 4346:Historical negationism 4170:Ancestral civilisation 4158:Historical materialism 4116:Historical determinism 4066:History of mentalities 3214:Special studies: world 3154:37.2 (2010): 215–224. 3143:59.6 (2017): 904-927 3109:1947 21(6): 173–199. 3043:85.1 (2011): 185–201. 2846:Sluyterman, Keetie E. 2510:2003 108(2): 404–433. 2339:Blackford, Mansel G. 2279:Amungo, Ebimo (2020). 2252:David J. Jeremy, ed., 2040:33.3 (2012): 282-294 . 2027:(2008) 82#3 pp 585-602 1486:10.5465/amle.2017.0311 1323:Technology and Culture 1299:82.02 (2008): 227-240. 1283:(1997) 7#1 pp 151-200 1221:16.4 (2010): 427-436. 1205:77.4 (2003): 703-716. 1189:71.2 (1997): 151-200. 728:(1959), by economists 672:Alfred D. Chandler Jr. 555:. Also included were 379:Atlantic Monthly Press 7614:Torsion mangonel myth 7517:Modern Jewish history 7512:Jesuit historiography 7505:Protestant work ethic 7485:Hesychast controversy 7350:Industrial Revolution 7300:Library of Alexandria 7218:The Lord of the Rings 6868:Constantine the Great 6748:Torsion mangonel myth 6680:Sri Lankan Civil War 5759:Storm over the gentry 5660:Colonies or Provinces 5191:Sprouts of capitalism 4265:Historic preservation 4260:Change and continuity 3228:Special studies: U.S. 3164:2007 49(3): 271–292. 3053:2007 19(1): 239–270. 2919:8.2 (2013): 155–173. 2604:Berghahn, Volker R. 2571:Greenwood Press, 1999 2567:Walker, Juliet E. K. 2550:Serwer, Andy, et al. 2256:(Butterworths, 1984). 2201:(1990) 32#4 pp. 9-65. 2162:(2008) 50#2 pp.125-26 2115:18.4 (2007): 805-830. 2089:35.1 (2015): 114-132. 2001:56.2 (2003): 215-242. 1975:15.4 (1985): 473-488. 1711:10.5465/amd.2019.0244 1680:10.5465/amr.2017.0580 1367:2003 108(2): 404-433. 1312:20#2 (2000): 167-173. 990:Peter d'A. Jones ed. 754:Academy of Management 628:Frank Bunker Gilbreth 581:Alexander Graham Bell 220:of individual firms, 143:Economic antisemitism 7701:Commemorative plaque 6917:Juan Manuel de Rosas 6365:"Blitzkrieg" concept 6236:Powder keg of Europe 6111:Franco-Prussian War 5781:Winter of Discontent 5764:Suffragette Campaign 5431:Italiani brava gente 5397:Revolutionary period 5219:Frankish Interregnum 5152:"Chineseness" debate 5085:Byzantine succession 5070:Fall of Western Rome 5011:Executed Renaissance 4500:By country or region 4444:Age of Enlightenment 4418:Vaticinium ex eventu 4365:Modernisation theory 4199:Quantitative history 3575:Historical documents 3282:Friedman, Walter A. 3275:Friedman, Walter A. 3115:McCarthy, Dennis M. 3084:2001 2(3): 425–460. 3026:2007 81(3): 471–493. 2767:(2010) 566 pp. 2611:Blackford Mansel G. 2466:2003 45(4): 89–113. 2269:(2003) 45#4 pp 1-23. 1102:Ferdinand Lundberg. 722:Gordon-Howell report 609:Cornelius Vanderbilt 410:: Beard Books, 2002) 271:Cornelius Vanderbilt 7788:History of business 7530:Schools of thought 7495:Proto-Protestantism 7364:School of Thoughts 7246:William Shakespeare 7231:Robert Falcon Scott 7136:Friedrich Nietzsche 6974:Cult of personality 6959:Neville Chamberlain 6819:Alexander the Great 6701:Russo-Georgian War 6674:Sovereignty dispute 6653:Iranian Revolution 6483:"Polish death camp" 6460:In relation to the 6169:Myth of English aid 6160:War of the Pacific 5937:Albigensian Crusade 5362:Indigenous Aryanism 5058:Constantinian shift 4594:Residential schools 4351:Historian's fallacy 4270:Historic recurrence 3768:Numismatics (Money) 3540:Archaeological site 3464:theories of history 3310:Tucker, Barbara M. 3247:Cochran, Thomas C. 3152:Oral History Review 2867:2007 81(1): 87-110. 2789:Magnuson, William. 2749:Kuisel, Richard F. 2447:Dibacco, Thomas V. 2390:Chamberlain, John. 2210:Howard L. Malchow, 2076:18.1 (1999): 71-87. 906:History of Unilever 730:Robert Aaron Gordon 674:(1918-2007) at the 644:Mary Parker Follett 613:George Westinghouse 545:John D. Rockefeller 263:Robber baron debate 251:Robber baron debate 228:. It is related to 7721:Historical realism 7716:Historical fiction 7661:History institutes 7651:Historical society 7646:Heritage registers 7534:Biblical criticism 7447:Islamic golden age 7398:Early Christianity 7278:Bears in antiquity 7166:Medieval Christian 6964:Pedro II of Brazil 6912:José de San Martín 6716:Syrian revolution 6628:Malayan Emergency 6603:1948 Palestine war 6336:Spanish Civil War 6286:War guilt question 6095:American Civil War 6075:Invasion of Russia 6051:New Russian School 5835:Colonial Australia 5551:October Revolution 5314:Strukturgeschichte 5250:Location of Alésia 5169:Hua–Yi distinction 5090:Moscow, third Rome 4706:Reconstruction era 4527:Black Egypt Thesis 4449:European Civil War 4405:Translatio imperii 4360:Invented tradition 3481:Historical sources 3303:Scranton, Philip. 3296:Scranton, Philip. 3195:2003 45(4): 1-23. 2956:Galambos, Louis. 2808:Millward, Robert. 2735:Kirby, Maurice W. 2672:M. E. Sharpe, 1998 2646:Chapman, Stanley. 2581:Whitten, David O. 2560:Temin, Peter, ed. 2375:Bryant, Keith L. 2227:76 (1977): 99-126. 2225:Past & Present 2146:2011-04-14 at the 2060:2020-05-31 at the 1014:2019-06-20 at the 779:Alfred D. Chandler 762:replication crisis 750:Donald C. Hambrick 746:Frank Cook Pierson 734:James Edwin Howell 324:Ferdinand Lundberg 234:official histories 134:Prominent examples 7775: 7774: 7741: 7740: 7681: 7680: 7626: 7625: 7622: 7621: 7539:Catholic theology 7393:Avestan geography 7258: 7257: 7254: 7253: 7241:Søren Kierkegaard 7114: 7113: 7025:Warren G. Harding 6785: 6784: 6781: 6780: 6584: 6583: 6462:Armenian genocide 6325:Polish–Soviet War 6320:Burning of Smyrna 6306: 6305: 6296:Reichstag inquiry 6219:Patriotic consent 6090: 6089: 6065:War in the Vendée 6029:French Revolution 6011:century conflicts 6000:Peloponnesian War 5961:Eighty Years' War 5847: 5846: 5843: 5842: 5823: 5822: 5819: 5818: 5752:Westminster Stone 5449:Southern question 5288:Alltagsgeschichte 5238:Legendary Saracen 4940:Early settlements 4748: 4747: 4728:Political history 4713:Consensus history 4490: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4482: 4481: 4472:Continuity thesis 4411:Translatio studii 4297:Theory of history 4233: 4232: 4229: 4228: 4187:Subaltern Studies 4072:Nouvelle histoire 3997: 3996: 3993: 3992: 3909:Medieval churches 3896:Geistesgeschichte 3840:Paleoanthropology 3748:Encyclopaedistics 3636: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3504:Secondary sources 3317:Weare, Walter B. 3261:Dicke, Thomas S. 3233:Bailyn, Bernard. 3001:Harvey, Charles. 2936:(1963): 416–436. 2826:(1990), on Europe 2815:Mokyr, Joel. ed. 2805:(1978) pp 231–81. 2773:978-0-691-14370-5 2746:(1999), on Canada 2728:Jones, Geoffrey. 2721:Jones, Geoffrey. 2714:Jones, Geoffrey. 2700:Jones, Geoffrey. 2693:Jones, Geoffrey. 2653:Church, Roy, and 2622:(Oxford UP, 1999) 2618:Cassis, Youssef. 2541:Schweikart, Larry 2464:Business History 2302:978-3-030-33095-8 2199:Business History, 1895:"Time for Debate" 1879:978-1-78347-363-2 638:. An emphasis on 340:. These include: 195: 194: 16:(Redirected from 7795: 7764: 7763: 7754: 7753: 7706:Documentary film 7687: 7666:History journals 7632: 7605: 7477: 7413:Primacy of Peter 7360:Great Depression 7340: 7313: 7291: 7264: 7212:J. R. R. Tolkien 7067: 7062: 7050: 7038: 7020:Ulysses S. Grant 7015:Thomas Jefferson 7006: 6982: 6945: 6908: 6896: 6864: 6852: 6844:Chiang Ching-kuo 6834:Cato the Younger 6824:Amin al-Husseini 6802: 6791: 6770: 6769: 6753:War and genocide 6577: 6563:Résistancialisme 6550:Battle of France 6532:Nanjing Massacre 6386: 6267: 6263: 6227: 6177: 6059: 6042: 6015: 5942:Catharism debate 5928:pre-18th century 5910:Military history 5887: 5880: 5873: 5864: 5857:By war, conflict 5853: 5801:Cambridge School 5787: 5685: 5673: 5649: 5630: 5540: 5528: 5500: 5322: 5300:Historikerstreit 5270: 5258: 5246: 5227: 5213:Cordon sanitaire 5159:New Qing History 5147:Conquest dynasty 5138: 5053:Christianization 5036: 4955: 4868: 4856: 4844: 4822: 4810: 4802:Byzantine Empire 4657:Iquicha Royalism 4646: 4612: 4535: 4507: 4496: 4439:Age of Discovery 4428:Periodization of 4425: 4399:Transhistoricity 4394:Thirty-year rule 4305: 4293: 4250: 4239: 4219:Great Man theory 4182:People's history 4144: 4049: 4041:Three-age system 4003: 3703:Archival science 3655: 3642: 3509:Tertiary sources 3489: 3476: 3425:by area of study 3394: 3387: 3380: 3371: 3362:(1959); vol 2, 3254:Cole, Arthur H. 3193:Business History 3162:Business History 3141:Business History 3131:Business History 3100:Business History 2951:Business History 2907:Business History 2870:Wilson, John F. 2323: 2322: 2276: 2270: 2267:Business History 2263: 2257: 2250: 2244: 2234: 2228: 2221: 2215: 2208: 2202: 2195: 2189: 2186: 2180: 2169: 2163: 2160:Business History 2156: 2150: 2140:Business History 2135: 2129: 2122: 2116: 2109: 2103: 2096: 2090: 2083: 2077: 2070: 2064: 2047: 2041: 2034: 2028: 2021: 2015: 2008: 2002: 1995: 1989: 1982: 1976: 1969: 1963: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1890: 1884: 1883: 1872:. Edward Elgar. 1865: 1859: 1858: 1847: 1841: 1840: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1811: 1805: 1804: 1786: 1780: 1779: 1761: 1755: 1754: 1736: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1668:Acad. Manag. Rev 1663: 1657: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1617: 1611: 1610: 1602: 1596: 1595: 1583: 1577: 1576: 1574: 1572: 1529: 1523: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1504: 1498: 1497: 1465: 1459: 1458: 1440: 1431: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1405: 1381: 1368: 1361: 1355: 1345: 1339: 1332: 1326: 1319: 1313: 1306: 1300: 1293: 1287: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1258: 1252: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1232: 1226: 1215: 1209: 1199: 1193: 1183: 1177: 1170: 1164: 1157: 1151: 1141: 1135: 1134: 1113: 1107: 1100: 1094: 1093:(2 vols., 1940). 1087: 1081: 1078: 1072: 1062: 1056: 1055: 1041: 1035: 1025: 1019: 1001: 995: 988: 982: 981: 975: 974: 951: 923:Business History 910:William Lazonick 898:Business History 787:Thomas K. McCraw 758:Anita M. McGahan 736:. Funded by the 701:Other mechanisms 577:Thomas J. Watson 493:Academic studies 408:Washington, D.C. 230:economic history 210:business methods 198:Business history 187: 180: 173: 120:Financial crisis 115:Economic miracle 101:Economics events 92:Social democracy 47:Economic history 34: 21: 18:Business History 7803: 7802: 7798: 7797: 7796: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7778: 7777: 7776: 7771: 7770: 7737: 7692: 7677: 7637: 7618: 7601: 7584: 7575: 7471: 7379: 7355:Great Recession 7338: 7309: 7285: 7269: 7250: 7141:H. P. Lovecraft 7110: 7072: 7065: 7056: 7044: 7032: 7000: 6976: 6949:Muammar Gaddafi 6939: 6927:Leonid Brezhnev 6902: 6890: 6873:Gregory Palamas 6858: 6856:Chiang Kai Shek 6846: 6806: 6796: 6777: 6776: 6757: 6738:Conflict thesis 6726: 6690: 6580: 6571: 6538: 6502: 6432: 6384: 6346: 6312:Interwar period 6302: 6272: 6265: 6257: 6241:Schlieffen Plan 6221: 6182: 6171: 6086: 6053: 6036: 6021: 6010: 6004: 5988:Dorian invasion 5973:Fall of Babylon 5929: 5923: 5922: 5899: 5891: 5858: 5839: 5815: 5792: 5785: 5747:Kingdom of Alba 5728: 5721: 5688: 5679: 5667: 5665:Spanish decline 5643: 5624: 5579: 5534: 5522: 5503: 5494: 5460: 5401: 5366: 5352:Greater Magadha 5338: 5316: 5273: 5264: 5252: 5240: 5221: 5200: 5174:Four Barbarians 5132: 5106: 5034: 4991:Götaland theory 4959:Lusotropicalism 4949: 4930:North Macedonia 4862: 4850: 4838: 4816: 4804: 4744: 4723:Frontier thesis 4718:Cyclical theory 4701:Neoabolitionism 4677: 4640: 4610: 4572: 4549:Greater Morocco 4529: 4501: 4478: 4429: 4423: 4315: 4299: 4287: 4244: 4225: 4138: 4053: 4047: 4029:Historical eras 4010: 3989: 3824: 3721:Writing systems 3691: 3649: 3647:Fields of study 3628: 3622:Service records 3607:Religious texts 3513: 3499:Primary sources 3483: 3470: 3469: 3403: 3398: 3351:Wilkins, Mira. 3344:Wilkins, Mira. 3337:Wilkins, Mira. 3230: 3216: 2900:History Compass 2881: 2592: 2533:Porter, Glenn. 2527:(3rd ed. 2018) 2336: 2331: 2326: 2303: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2260: 2251: 2247: 2235: 2231: 2222: 2218: 2209: 2205: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2183: 2170: 2166: 2157: 2153: 2148:Wayback Machine 2136: 2132: 2123: 2119: 2110: 2106: 2097: 2093: 2084: 2080: 2071: 2067: 2062:Wayback Machine 2048: 2044: 2035: 2031: 2022: 2018: 2009: 2005: 1996: 1992: 1983: 1979: 1970: 1966: 1956: 1954: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1880: 1867: 1866: 1862: 1849: 1848: 1844: 1831: 1830: 1826: 1813: 1812: 1808: 1801: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1776: 1763: 1762: 1758: 1751: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1665: 1664: 1660: 1650: 1648: 1619: 1618: 1614: 1604: 1603: 1599: 1592:Books by Alumni 1585: 1584: 1580: 1570: 1568: 1550:10.2307/2390781 1531: 1530: 1526: 1516: 1514: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1467: 1466: 1462: 1455: 1442: 1441: 1434: 1424: 1422: 1383: 1382: 1371: 1362: 1358: 1346: 1342: 1333: 1329: 1320: 1316: 1307: 1303: 1294: 1290: 1278: 1274: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1245: 1243: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1216: 1212: 1200: 1196: 1184: 1180: 1171: 1167: 1159:Richard White, 1158: 1154: 1142: 1138: 1131: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1101: 1097: 1088: 1084: 1079: 1075: 1063: 1059: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1026: 1022: 1016:Wayback Machine 1002: 998: 989: 985: 972: 970: 968: 953: 952: 948: 944: 935: 894: 867:Ernesto Zedillo 865:(1988–94) and 855: 835: 774: 738:Ford Foundation 703: 668: 624:Chester Barnard 597:Cyrus McCormick 565:Alfred P. Sloan 549:Andrew Carnegie 533: 495: 487:Alfred Chandler 483:Robert H. Wiebe 448:Alfred A. Knopf 419:Andrew Carnegie 402:George Harvey, 359:Alfred A. Knopf 345:David Cannadine 259: 253: 248: 242: 191: 162: 129: 96: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7801: 7799: 7791: 7790: 7780: 7779: 7773: 7772: 7769: 7768: 7758: 7747: 7746: 7743: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7736: 7735: 7730: 7729: 7728: 7723: 7713: 7708: 7703: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7690: 7683: 7682: 7679: 7678: 7676: 7675: 7674: 7673: 7663: 7658: 7648: 7642: 7639: 7638: 7635: 7628: 7627: 7624: 7623: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7599: 7594: 7588: 7586: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7573: 7572: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7528: 7527: 7526: 7514: 7509: 7508: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7487: 7482: 7481: 7480: 7479: 7478: 7456: 7455: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7429: 7428: 7427: 7422: 7421: 7420: 7410: 7405: 7395: 7389: 7387: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7377: 7376: 7375: 7370: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7346: 7344: 7337: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7319: 7314: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7280: 7274: 7271: 7270: 7267: 7260: 7259: 7256: 7255: 7252: 7251: 7249: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7233: 7228: 7223: 7222: 7221: 7209: 7208: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7185: 7180: 7170: 7169: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7131:Charles Darwin 7128: 7122: 7120: 7116: 7115: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7108: 7103: 7101:United Kingdom 7098: 7093: 7091:Modern Germany 7088: 7083: 7077: 7075: 7064: 7063: 7051: 7039: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7010:Thomas Aquinas 7007: 6995: 6990: 6989: 6988: 6983: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6897: 6885: 6880: 6878:Horatio Nelson 6875: 6870: 6865: 6853: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6810: 6808: 6798: 6797: 6794: 6787: 6786: 6783: 6782: 6779: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6763: 6762: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6734: 6732: 6728: 6727: 6725: 6724: 6723: 6722: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6710:Responsibility 6707: 6698: 6696: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6688: 6687: 6686: 6678: 6677: 6676: 6666: 6661: 6660: 6659: 6651: 6650: 6649: 6641: 6636: 6635: 6634: 6626: 6625: 6624: 6622:New Historians 6619: 6614: 6600: 6594: 6592: 6586: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6578: 6566: 6559: 6552: 6546: 6544: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6536: 6535: 6534: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6510: 6508: 6504: 6503: 6501: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6488:Responsibility 6485: 6480: 6479: 6478: 6468: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6442: 6440: 6434: 6433: 6431: 6430: 6429: 6428: 6423: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6392: 6390: 6383: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6356: 6354: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6344: 6343: 6342: 6334: 6333: 6332: 6322: 6316: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6293: 6283: 6277: 6275: 6264: 6252: 6246:Spirit of 1914 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6216: 6206: 6203:Fischer thesis 6192: 6190: 6184: 6183: 6181: 6180: 6179: 6178: 6166: 6158: 6157: 6156: 6146: 6144:Paraguayan War 6141: 6140: 6139: 6129: 6124: 6123: 6122: 6117: 6109: 6108: 6107: 6102: 6091: 6088: 6087: 6085: 6084: 6083: 6082: 6077: 6070:Napoleonic era 6067: 6062: 6061: 6060: 6048: 6043: 6034:Pre-revolution 6025: 6023: 6019:Coalition Wars 6012: 6006: 6005: 6003: 6002: 5997: 5996: 5995: 5990: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5958: 5957: 5956: 5946: 5945: 5944: 5933: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5921: 5920: 5913: 5905: 5904: 5901: 5900: 5897:historiography 5892: 5890: 5889: 5882: 5875: 5867: 5860: 5859: 5856: 5849: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5837: 5831: 5829: 5825: 5824: 5821: 5820: 5817: 5816: 5814: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5797: 5795: 5784: 5783: 5778: 5777: 5776: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5755: 5754: 5749: 5739: 5733: 5731: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5718: 5717: 5715:Decline thesis 5712: 5705:Ottoman Empire 5702: 5696: 5694: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5686: 5674: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5651: 5650: 5631: 5619: 5614: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5587: 5585: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5577: 5576: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5555: 5554: 5553: 5543: 5542: 5541: 5532:Skeptic School 5517: 5515:Anti-Normanism 5511: 5509: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5472:Golden Liberty 5468: 5466: 5462: 5461: 5459: 5458: 5457: 5456: 5454:Neo-Bourbonism 5446: 5441: 5434: 5427: 5422: 5415: 5409: 5407: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5382: 5376: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5348: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5337: 5336: 5329: 5324: 5310: 5303: 5296: 5294:Borussian myth 5291: 5283: 5281: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5271: 5259: 5247: 5235: 5228: 5216: 5208: 5206: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5182: 5181: 5176: 5166: 5161: 5156: 5155: 5154: 5144: 5139: 5127: 5122: 5116: 5114: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5104: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5061: 5060: 5050: 5044: 5042: 5033: 5032: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5015: 5014: 5013: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4994: 4993: 4985: 4984: 4983: 4973: 4972: 4971: 4963: 4962: 4961: 4944: 4943: 4942: 4932: 4927: 4926: 4925: 4920: 4910: 4905: 4904: 4903: 4895: 4894: 4893: 4883: 4882: 4881: 4871: 4870: 4869: 4857: 4845: 4830: 4825: 4824: 4823: 4799: 4794: 4793: 4792: 4784: 4779: 4778: 4777: 4769: 4768: 4767: 4765:Dealbanisation 4756: 4754: 4750: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4687: 4685: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4661: 4660: 4659: 4649: 4648: 4647: 4635: 4629:May Revolution 4620: 4618: 4609: 4608: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4599:Staples thesis 4596: 4591: 4580: 4578: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4570: 4563: 4562: 4561: 4553: 4552: 4551: 4543: 4538: 4537: 4536: 4524: 4515: 4513: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4492: 4491: 4488: 4487: 4484: 4483: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4476: 4475: 4474: 4464: 4455: 4446: 4441: 4435: 4433: 4431:modern history 4422: 4421: 4414: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4390: 4389: 4377: 4375:Paradigm shift 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4329: 4323: 4321: 4317: 4316: 4314: 4313: 4308: 4307: 4306: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4256: 4254: 4246: 4245: 4242: 4235: 4234: 4231: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4221: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4190: 4189: 4179: 4178: 4177: 4172: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4150: 4145: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4102: 4101: 4091: 4086: 4077: 4076: 4075: 4068: 4061:Annales school 4057: 4055: 4046: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4038: 4031: 4021: 4015: 4012: 4011: 4006: 3999: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3987: 3986: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3974: 3973: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3933: 3932: 3931: 3926: 3924:Constitutional 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3900: 3899: 3887: 3886: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3860: 3847: 3842: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3823: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3800:Postage stamps 3797: 3792: 3787: 3786: 3785: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3739: 3738: 3728: 3723: 3714: 3699: 3697: 3693: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3667: 3661: 3659: 3651: 3650: 3645: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3626: 3625: 3624: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3597:Oral tradition 3594: 3593: 3592: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3521: 3519: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3495: 3493: 3485: 3484: 3479: 3472: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3460: 3453: 3446: 3438: 3437: 3430: 3429: 3428: 3409: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3401:Historiography 3399: 3397: 3396: 3389: 3382: 3374: 3368: 3367: 3356: 3349: 3342: 3335: 3325: 3315: 3308: 3301: 3294: 3289:Pak, Susie J. 3287: 3280: 3273: 3266: 3259: 3252: 3245: 3238: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3224: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3203: 3189: 3182: 3172: 3158: 3148: 3137: 3127: 3120: 3113: 3103: 3096: 3078: 3071: 3061: 3047: 3037: 3027: 3020: 3013: 3006: 2999: 2989: 2979: 2972: 2961: 2954: 2947: 2940: 2930: 2923: 2913: 2903: 2896: 2889: 2880: 2879:Historiography 2877: 2876: 2875: 2868: 2861: 2851: 2844: 2837: 2827: 2820: 2813: 2806: 2798: 2797: 2786: 2785: 2775: 2761: 2754: 2747: 2740: 2733: 2726: 2719: 2712: 2705: 2698: 2691: 2684: 2673: 2662: 2651: 2644: 2637: 2630: 2623: 2616: 2609: 2601: 2600: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2579: 2572: 2565: 2558: 2548: 2538: 2537:(3rd ed. 2005) 2531: 2521: 2514: 2504: 2489: 2476:Groner, Alex. 2474: 2460: 2445: 2438: 2431: 2424: 2417: 2410: 2403: 2388: 2373: 2372:(2006) 521 pp. 2366: 2351: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2324: 2301: 2271: 2258: 2245: 2229: 2216: 2203: 2190: 2181: 2164: 2151: 2130: 2117: 2104: 2091: 2078: 2065: 2042: 2029: 2016: 2003: 1990: 1977: 1964: 1918: 1885: 1878: 1860: 1842: 1824: 1806: 1800:978-0199556496 1799: 1781: 1774: 1756: 1749: 1731: 1705:(2): 166–170. 1685: 1658: 1612: 1597: 1578: 1544:(2): 279–295. 1524: 1499: 1460: 1453: 1432: 1369: 1356: 1348:Neil Fligstein 1340: 1327: 1314: 1301: 1288: 1272: 1253: 1227: 1210: 1194: 1178: 1165: 1152: 1136: 1129: 1108: 1095: 1089:Allan Nevins, 1082: 1073: 1064:Steve Fraser, 1057: 1036: 1020: 996: 983: 966: 945: 943: 940: 934: 931: 893: 890: 854: 851: 834: 831: 799:Geoffrey Jones 773: 770: 718:Rakesh Khurana 702: 699: 667: 664: 660:knowledge work 539:, followed by 532: 529: 494: 491: 470: 469: 451: 431: 411: 400: 382: 362: 334: 333: 307: 306: 298: 297: 280: 279: 255:Main article: 252: 249: 244:Main article: 241: 238: 193: 192: 190: 189: 182: 175: 167: 164: 163: 161: 160: 155: 150: 145: 139: 136: 135: 131: 130: 128: 127: 122: 117: 112: 106: 103: 102: 98: 97: 95: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 58: 55: 54: 50: 49: 43: 42: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7800: 7789: 7786: 7785: 7783: 7767: 7759: 7757: 7749: 7748: 7744: 7734: 7731: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7718: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7698: 7695: 7688: 7684: 7672: 7669: 7668: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7656: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7643: 7640: 7633: 7629: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7604: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7592:Merton thesis 7590: 7589: 7587: 7582: 7578: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7544:Panbabylonism 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7525: 7524: 7520: 7519: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7475: 7470: 7467: 7466: 7465: 7462: 7461: 7460: 7457: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7434: 7433: 7430: 7426: 7423: 7419: 7416: 7415: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7400: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7390: 7388: 7386: 7382: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7365: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7341: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7324: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7312: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7289: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7275: 7272: 7265: 7261: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7224: 7220: 7219: 7215: 7214: 7213: 7210: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7190: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7175: 7174: 7171: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7153: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7117: 7107: 7106:United States 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7068: 7060: 7055: 7052: 7048: 7043: 7040: 7036: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7004: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6987: 6986:Bolivarianism 6984: 6980: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6970: 6969:Simon Bolivar 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6943: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6906: 6901: 6900:Joseph Stalin 6898: 6894: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6862: 6857: 6854: 6850: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6803: 6799: 6792: 6788: 6773: 6765: 6764: 6760: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6729: 6721: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6702: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6695:Post-Cold War 6693: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6675: 6672: 6671: 6670: 6669:Falklands War 6667: 6665: 6664:Iran–Iraq War 6662: 6658: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6648: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6633: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6612:Ongoing Nakba 6609: 6606: 6605: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6587: 6575: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6564: 6560: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6543:Western Front 6541: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6527: 6525: 6524:Bengal famine 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6505: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6477: 6474: 6473: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6463: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6443: 6441: 6439: 6438:The Holocaust 6435: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6393: 6391: 6389:Eastern Front 6387: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6357: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6341: 6338: 6337: 6335: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6309: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6288: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6278: 6276: 6274: 6268: 6261: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6225: 6220: 6217: 6214: 6210: 6207: 6204: 6200: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6185: 6175: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6159: 6155: 6152: 6151: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6121: 6120:Paris Commune 6118: 6116: 6113: 6112: 6110: 6106: 6105:Turning point 6103: 6101: 6098: 6097: 6096: 6093: 6092: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6072: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6057: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6040: 6035: 6032: 6031: 6030: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6020: 6016: 6013: 6009:18th and 19th 6007: 6001: 5998: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5985: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5967: 5964: 5963: 5962: 5959: 5955: 5954:Islamic views 5952: 5951: 5950: 5947: 5943: 5940: 5939: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5932: 5926: 5919: 5918: 5914: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5895: 5888: 5883: 5881: 5876: 5874: 5869: 5868: 5865: 5861: 5854: 5850: 5836: 5833: 5832: 5830: 5826: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5794: 5788: 5782: 5779: 5775: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5744: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5724: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5683: 5678: 5677:Ser de España 5675: 5671: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5647: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5637: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5612: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5592: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5582: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5559: 5556: 5552: 5549: 5548: 5547: 5544: 5538: 5533: 5530: 5529: 5526: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5498: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5463: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5439: 5435: 5433: 5432: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5410: 5408: 5404: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5387: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5375: 5373: 5369: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5349: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5335: 5334: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5315: 5311: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5302: 5301: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5289: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5276: 5268: 5263: 5260: 5256: 5251: 5248: 5244: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5233: 5229: 5225: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5214: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5203: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5171: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5157: 5153: 5150: 5149: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5136: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5095:Ottoman claim 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5075:Prosopography 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5059: 5056: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5041: 5037: 5029: 5028:Trưng sisters 5026: 5024: 5023: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5012: 5009: 5008: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4982: 4979: 4978: 4977: 4974: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4953: 4948: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4889: 4888: 4887: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4866: 4861: 4858: 4854: 4849: 4846: 4842: 4837: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4820: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4808: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4791: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4776: 4775:Habsburg myth 4773: 4772: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4751: 4741: 4738: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4692: 4689: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4683:United States 4680: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4665: 4662: 4658: 4655: 4654: 4653: 4650: 4644: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4626: 4625: 4622: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4616:Latin America 4613: 4607: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4586: 4585: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4575: 4569: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4557: 4556: 4554: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4533: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4514: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4493: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4415: 4413: 4412: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4318: 4312: 4309: 4303: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4240: 4236: 4220: 4217: 4216: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4209:Transnational 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4188: 4185: 4184: 4183: 4180: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4167: 4166: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4142: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4100: 4099:Decoloniality 4097: 4096: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4081: 4080:Historiometry 4078: 4074: 4073: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4050: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4036: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4026: 4025: 4024:Periodization 4022: 4020: 4017: 4016: 4013: 4009: 4004: 4000: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3937: 3934: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3898: 3897: 3893: 3892: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3827: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3810:Sigillography 3808: 3806: 3805:Prosopography 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3784: 3781: 3780: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3737: 3734: 3733: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3718: 3715: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3694: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3682:Local history 3680: 3676: 3675:Human history 3673: 3672: 3671: 3670:World history 3668: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3643: 3639: 3623: 3620: 3619: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3591: 3588: 3587: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3516: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3466: 3465: 3461: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3447: 3445: 3444: 3440: 3439: 3436: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3417: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3395: 3390: 3388: 3383: 3381: 3376: 3375: 3372: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3340: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3328:Wilkins, Mira 3326: 3323: 3322: 3316: 3313: 3309: 3306: 3302: 3299: 3295: 3292: 3288: 3285: 3281: 3278: 3274: 3271: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3253: 3250: 3246: 3243: 3239: 3236: 3232: 3231: 3227: 3223:(2006), 304pp 3222: 3219:Bowen, H. V. 3218: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3187: 3183: 3181: 3180:online review 3177: 3173: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3114: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3076: 3072: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3021: 3018: 3014: 3011: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2952: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2928: 2924: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2901: 2897: 2894: 2890: 2887: 2883: 2882: 2878: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2862: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2849: 2845: 2842: 2838: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2825: 2821: 2818: 2814: 2811: 2807: 2804: 2800: 2799: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2787: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2759: 2755: 2752: 2748: 2745: 2741: 2738: 2734: 2731: 2727: 2724: 2720: 2717: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2696: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2656: 2655:Andrew Godley 2652: 2649: 2645: 2642: 2638: 2635: 2631: 2628: 2624: 2621: 2617: 2614: 2610: 2607: 2603: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2584: 2580: 2577: 2573: 2570: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2546: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2532: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2519: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2418: 2415: 2411: 2408: 2404: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2349: 2348:0-8057-9824-2 2345: 2342: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2328: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2275: 2272: 2268: 2262: 2259: 2255: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2239: 2233: 2230: 2226: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2194: 2191: 2185: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173:Leslie Hannah 2168: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2121: 2118: 2114: 2108: 2105: 2102:(2019): 147+. 2101: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2082: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2059: 2056: 2052: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2017: 2013: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1981: 1978: 1974: 1968: 1965: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1922: 1919: 1913: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1889: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1871: 1864: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1846: 1843: 1838: 1834: 1828: 1825: 1820: 1816: 1810: 1807: 1802: 1796: 1792: 1785: 1782: 1777: 1775:0-19-927210-7 1771: 1767: 1760: 1757: 1752: 1750:0-674-17555-7 1746: 1742: 1735: 1732: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1689: 1686: 1681: 1677: 1674:(2): 173–78. 1673: 1669: 1662: 1659: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1616: 1613: 1608: 1601: 1598: 1593: 1589: 1582: 1579: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1528: 1525: 1513:. 4 June 2009 1512: 1511:The Economist 1509: 1503: 1500: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1461: 1456: 1454:9780691145877 1450: 1446: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1360: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1344: 1341: 1337: 1331: 1328: 1324: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1276: 1273: 1268: 1264: 1257: 1254: 1242: 1238: 1231: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1182: 1179: 1175: 1169: 1166: 1162: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1140: 1137: 1132: 1130:9781884964336 1126: 1122: 1121: 1112: 1109: 1105: 1099: 1096: 1092: 1086: 1083: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1070:Nov. 11, 2009 1069: 1061: 1058: 1053: 1049: 1048: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1030: 1024: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1000: 997: 993: 987: 984: 980: 969: 967:9781317409878 963: 959: 958: 950: 947: 941: 939: 932: 930: 928: 924: 920: 919:Leslie Hannah 914: 911: 907: 903: 899: 891: 889: 887: 886:customs union 883: 879: 874: 872: 868: 864: 859: 853:Latin America 852: 850: 849: 845: 840: 839:Rondo Cameron 832: 830: 828: 824: 820: 815: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 771: 769: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 710: 708: 700: 698: 696: 692: 691:Gabriel Kolko 686: 684: 679: 677: 673: 665: 663: 661: 657: 656:Peter Drucker 653: 652:Chris Argyris 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 616: 614: 610: 606: 602: 601:David Packard 598: 594: 590: 589:James J. 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Stiles 417: 403: 397:Random House 388: 368: 348: 335: 314: 311:Allan Nevins 308: 299: 291: 281: 267: 260: 197: 196: 66: 7711:Hagiography 7472: [ 7432:Early Islam 7286: [ 7178:Historicity 7156:Historicity 7146:Jane Austen 7126:The Beatles 7096:Netherlands 7057: [ 7054:Zhuge Liang 7045: [ 7033: [ 7030:Yuan Shikai 7001: [ 6998:Sun Yat Tse 6977: [ 6940: [ 6903: [ 6891: [ 6888:Jiang Zemin 6859: [ 6847: [ 6839:Che Guevara 6572: [ 6507:Pacific War 6291:Article 231 6281:Reparations 6258: [ 6222: [ 6199:Color books 6188:World War I 6172: [ 6149:War of 1812 6054: [ 6037: [ 6022:(1792–1815) 5993:Sea Peoples 5978:Gallic Wars 5680: [ 5668: [ 5655:Revisionist 5644: [ 5635:Reconquista 5625: [ 5617:Inquisition 5611:Convivencia 5535: [ 5523: [ 5495: [ 5392:Revisionism 5317: [ 5265: [ 5253: [ 5241: [ 5222: [ 5164:Golden ages 5133: [ 5130:Wunu School 5125:Archaeology 4998:Switzerland 4981:Kosovo Myth 4969:Great Union 4950: [ 4935:Philippines 4918:Nationalist 4891:Ages of Man 4863: [ 4851: [ 4839: [ 4817: [ 4805: [ 4641: [ 4638:Revisionist 4530: [ 4467:Renaissance 4332:Coloniality 4300: [ 4288: [ 4280:Historicity 4204:Revisionist 4194:Pop history 4165:Nationalist 4139: [ 4084:Cliometrics 4052:Approaches, 4008:Methodology 3904:Linguistics 3854:Environment 3820:Vexillology 3743:Diplomatics 3726:Chorography 3665:Big History 3617:War diaries 3590:Illuminated 3585:Manuscripts 3570:Hieroglyphs 3450:historicity 1396:(1): 1–32. 1007:1#5 (1949) 772:Comparative 585:Eli Whitney 569:Walt Disney 414:David Nasaw 385:Ron Chernow 365:Ron Chernow 288:E.L. Godkin 218:biographies 62:Advertising 7766:Multimedia 7585:Technology 7549:Urreligion 7452:Kharijites 7403:Background 7071:Historical 7042:Zhou Enlai 6937:Mao Zedong 6932:Louis Riel 6705:Background 6556:Guilty Men 6498:Uniqueness 6421:Background 6416:Winter War 6340:Background 6273:Versailles 6127:Great Game 5774:Ricardians 5769:Tudor myth 5487:Partitions 5080:Succession 4370:Narratives 4355:Presentism 4311:Philosophy 4131:Humanistic 4019:Case study 3951:Indigenous 3929:Diplomatic 3873:Capitalism 3773:Onomastics 3731:Chronology 3560:Facsimiles 3545:Chronicles 3443:historians 3414:Historians 3092:Fulltext: 2501:0130240834 2486:0070011567 2457:0060914661 2400:0060107022 2385:0133892476 2363:0395351553 1905:(3): 1–8. 1068:The Nation 973:2018-07-06 882:free trade 789:published 744:(1959) by 716:(2007) by 705:Lamoreaux 632:Elton Mayo 593:Jack Welch 557:Sam Walton 541:Bill Gates 537:Henry Ford 338:Gilded Age 319:Gilded Age 293:The Nation 222:executives 214:regulation 72:Capitalism 7554:Perennial 7343:Economics 7295:Feudalism 7081:Australia 6829:Aurangzeb 6805:Political 6795:By person 6476:Pius Wars 6271:Treaty of 5930:conflicts 5737:Poor Laws 5600:Hispanism 5477:Sarmatism 5307:Sonderweg 5065:Expansion 4790:Litvinism 4624:Argentina 4458:Long 18th 4341:Dark Ages 4121:Historism 3919:Political 3858:Geography 3795:Philology 3758:Genealogy 3753:Epigraphy 3696:By source 3535:Artifacts 3201:0007-6791 3170:0007-6791 3090:1467-2227 3059:0843-8714 2472:0007-6791 2319:216471932 2311:2192-8096 1952:1352-7606 1719:211438268 1646:0363-7425 1558:0001-8392 1494:149571315 1420:244238570 1412:2327-0608 648:Max Weber 640:expertise 110:Recession 7782:Category 7756:Category 7671:template 7385:Religion 7236:Socrates 7151:Muhammed 7073:rankings 6954:Napoleon 6772:Category 6590:Cold War 6493:Slovakia 6080:Waterloo 5949:Crusades 5894:Military 5742:Scotland 5700:Kemalist 5022:Nam tiến 5017:Vietnam 5007:Ukraine 4965:Romania 4947:Portugal 4873:Georgia 4848:Medieval 4797:Bulgaria 4786:Belarus 4771:Austria 4577:Americas 4545:Morocco 4541:Ethiopia 4320:Specific 4243:Concepts 4148:Leninist 4106:Feminist 4094:Critical 3941:Feminism 3914:Military 3868:Business 3863:Economic 3845:Cultural 3829:By topic 3815:Toponymy 3763:Heraldry 3711:template 3658:By scale 3580:Logbooks 3565:Features 3530:Archives 3111:in Jstor 3069:in JSTOR 2987:in JSTOR 2783:in JSTOR 2503:) (1972) 2451:(1988) ( 2379:(1983) ( 2365:) (1990) 2350:) (1992) 2242:in JSTOR 2144:Archived 2058:Archived 1957:22 March 1724:23 March 1651:22 March 1571:22 March 1517:22 March 1425:21 March 1246:22 March 1149:in JSTOR 1033:in JSTOR 1012:Archived 878:Mercosur 666:Chandler 573:Ray Kroc 462:New York 444:New York 424:New York 393:New York 375:New York 355:New York 67:Business 39:a series 37:Part of 7691:Related 7581:Science 7226:Madonna 7198:Judaism 7161:Judaism 6993:Saladin 6883:Hypatia 6807:leaders 6731:Related 6684:Origins 6647:Origins 6598:Origins 6154:Origins 6100:Origins 5966:Origins 5828:Oceania 5791:British 5729:Kingdom 5372:Ireland 5279:Germany 4987:Sweden 4860:New Age 4836:Ancient 4832:Europe 4828:Croatia 4760:Albania 4753:Eurasia 4555:Rwanda 4253:General 4153:Marxist 4054:schools 3883:Thought 3850:Ecology 3612:Scrolls 3550:Codices 3518:Sources 3457:history 3434:History 3307:(1989). 3237:(1955). 3178:(2013) 2859:excerpt 2833:(1994) 2795:excerpt 2793:(2022) 2760:(1999). 2753:(1981). 2629:(1995). 2556:excerpt 2554:(2015) 2529:excerpt 2423:(1990). 1566:2390781 892:Britain 507:Harvard 501:at the 468:, 1999) 450:, 2009) 430:, 2006) 399:, 2007) 381:, 1990) 361:, 2006) 7317:Salons 7119:Others 7086:Canada 6720:Causes 6657:Causes 6632:Causes 6426:Spirit 6360:Causes 6330:Causes 6195:Causes 6164:Causes 6137:Causes 6115:Causes 6046:Causes 5793:Empire 5727:United 5693:Turkey 5508:Russia 5482:Deluge 5465:Poland 5205:France 5003:Taiwan 4976:Serbia 4782:Balhae 4633:Causes 4584:Canada 4518:Egypt 4511:Africa 4035:Tarikh 3956:Labour 3946:Gender 3936:Social 3736:dating 3602:Papyri 3525:Annals 3355:(2004) 3348:(1989) 3341:(1974) 3334:(1970) 3324:(1993) 3314:(1984) 3300:(1983) 3293:(2013) 3286:(2013) 3279:(2005) 3272:(1986) 3265:(1992) 3251:(1948) 3209:(1977) 3199: 3188:(1977) 3168: 3156:online 3145:online 3135:online 3126:(1998) 3119:(1994) 3088: 3057: 3045:online 3035:online 3005:(1989) 2997:online 2969:online 2938:online 2921:online 2911:online 2888:(2003) 2874:(1995) 2850:(2005) 2843:(1997) 2835:online 2812:(2013) 2771: 2739:(1994) 2732:(2017) 2725:(2013) 2718:(2010) 2711:(2008) 2704:(2005) 2697:(1996) 2661:(2003) 2650:(2003) 2643:(1990) 2615:(1998) 2585:(1983) 2564:(1992) 2547:(2000) 2520:(1995) 2512:online 2499: 2484: 2470: 2455: 2444:(1976) 2437:(2000) 2416:(1962) 2398: 2383: 2361: 2346: 2317: 2309: 2299: 2055:Online 1950: 1876: 1797: 1772: 1747: 1717: 1644: 1564: 1556: 1492: 1451: 1418: 1410: 1285:online 1267:Forbes 1223:online 1207:online 1191:online 1176:(1939) 1127: 1009:online 964: 933:Africa 833:France 707:et al. 654:, and 634:; and 611:; and 551:, and 224:, and 87:Retail 7564:Roman 7476:] 7290:] 7203:Islam 7173:Jesus 7061:] 7049:] 7037:] 7005:] 6981:] 6944:] 6907:] 6895:] 6863:] 6851:] 6576:] 6466:Nakba 6262:] 6226:] 6176:] 6058:] 6041:] 5684:] 5672:] 5648:] 5629:] 5584:Spain 5539:] 5527:] 5499:] 5406:Italy 5344:India 5321:] 5269:] 5257:] 5245:] 5226:] 5137:] 5112:China 4954:] 4913:Korea 4908:Japan 4897:Iran 4886:Greek 4867:] 4855:] 4843:] 4821:] 4814:Early 4809:] 4670:Casta 4645:] 4567:Maafa 4534:] 4304:] 4292:] 4143:] 3983:Women 3978:Urban 3966:Rural 3961:LGBTQ 3717:Books 3555:Deeds 3492:Types 2315:S2CID 1938:(2). 1715:S2CID 1562:JSTOR 1490:S2CID 1416:S2CID 942:Notes 206:firms 200:is a 125:Shock 82:Money 77:Labor 7655:list 6250:1917 5262:Lyon 4733:Eras 4652:Peru 4387:list 4334:and 4214:Whig 3421:list 3197:ISSN 3166:ISSN 3086:ISSN 3077:1984 3055:ISSN 3012:1989 2769:ISBN 2690:1999 2681:link 2608:1996 2497:ISBN 2482:ISBN 2468:ISSN 2453:ISBN 2396:ISBN 2381:ISBN 2359:ISBN 2344:ISBN 2307:ISSN 2297:ISBN 2137:see 1959:2022 1948:ISSN 1874:ISBN 1795:ISBN 1770:ISBN 1745:ISBN 1726:2022 1653:2022 1642:ISSN 1573:2022 1554:ISSN 1519:2022 1449:ISBN 1427:2022 1408:ISSN 1248:2022 1125:ISBN 962:ISBN 846:and 732:and 485:and 4381:Pax 3094:OUP 2289:doi 1940:doi 1907:doi 1707:doi 1676:doi 1634:doi 1546:doi 1482:doi 1398:doi 1052:275 904:’s 607:; 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