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certain conditions, we saw him generous, in others of a sordid greed. He is the man of the world who has the highest soul and yet we have seen him do mean things. Pride is a dominant vice. Constantly devoured by an excessive ambition, he sacrificed everything to the world to satisfy it. One of the best engineers in Europe, he was also one of the greatest captains of his century. Often reckless in his businesses, he has always ignored what the impossible is. With a tall and imposing stature, and a robust and vigorous temperament, he seems to have been born general.
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The Count of Münnich is a real contrast of good and bad qualities. Polite, rude, human, carried away, in turn, nothing is easier for him than winning the hearts of those who deal with him. But suddenly, an instant later, he treats them so harshly that they are forced to hate him, so to speak. In
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with the help of the
Russian artillery. During the sack of Özi, he manually raised the regimental banner of the Izmailovsky Regiment on one of the towers of fortress after a successful attack. The siege of Özi was also later mentioned in the humorous stories about
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regiments to the
Russian army as well as founded the Engineer School for Officers. During his administration some 50 other fortresses were erected which substantially improved the well-being of the Russian Armed Forces at that time. Due to the
936:
It was Prince Eugene of the
Muscovites; he had the virtues and vices of the great generals: skilful, enterprising, happy; but proud, superb, ambitious, and sometimes too despotic, and sacrificing the lives of his soldiers for his reputation.
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Münnich also reformed numerous other military formations as well as the War
Collegiate itself. He established a new formation for the Russian army at that time, the Corps which consisted of 12 regiments
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817:. His victory in this campaign was later mentioned in one of the Lomonosov's odes, considered to be the first poem of Russian literature. Threatening to burn down the capital of
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regiments. Münnich revised the table of ranks and evened the salary of the
Russian officers with the invited foreign military specialists. He was the first to introduce the
67:
1871:
1866:
1007:
Count Johann Ernst
Munnich (Sergei Khristoforovich Minikh) (1707–1788), his son, Russian statesman, diplomat, writer, studied jurisprudence, languages, and philosophy.
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649:(1730), he was instructed to prepare the city for the return of Imperial court. After successfully accomplishing that Münnich was promoted to a
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for engineering projects of the newly acquired northern territories. Around that time his father has died. Upon arrival to Russia he presented
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1057:(Khotin) on 30 August, which surrendered without a fight: almost the entire garrison of the fortress took part in the Battle of Stavuchany.
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Marshal Münnich now began to take an active part in political affairs, the particular tone of which was given by his rivalry with
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764:. He was forced out of the peninsula due to poor logistics and battle fatigue of his formations, while another general, Count
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869:; he was arrested on his way to the border, and condemned to death. Brought out for execution, and withdrawn from the
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825:, he forced the Moldavian boyars to sign the annexation of Moldavia. After the Ottoman war he was awarded the
979:. Despite his role as builder of modern Russia, his tomb was desecrated and partly destroyed by the Soviets.
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by which it had to return the newly acquired Nogai steppes while keeping the fortress of Azak.
1112:
865:, whom Münnich had arrested in 1740. Münnich's activity was brought to a close in 1741 by the
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749:
629:. During his governorship, Münnich improved the local ports, reinforced the newly established
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professes great admiration for his exploits and calls him "Prince Eugene of the
Muscovites".
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1734:
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1338:
1318:
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477:
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547:. He entered the French service at 17. Thence he transferred successively to the armies of
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1333:
776:. Münnich refused to resume the campaign the very next year, but he returned to the lower
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891:, who soon displaced Peter, employed the old field marshal as director-general of the
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and Franz Lacy did their apprenticeship under his orders in front of
Otchakov and
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Literary archives of Europe, or, Mixtures of literature, history and philosophy
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If Münnich is not one of the children of Russia, he is one of the fathers
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and founded several elite military formations during the reign of
Empress
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city while the
Imperial court was temporarily transferred to Moscow by
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in 1722. Among his first undertakings was the completion of the costly
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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which was destined to supply the future generations of officers.
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fortress, which pleasantly surprised the Russian emperor, and the
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and the Golden Weapon for Courage. Due to military losses of the
535:, an east-Frisian nobility). Besides the knowledge of the native
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503:. Like his father, Münnich was an engineer and a specialist in
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1080:"Битва при Ставучанах. Самая бескровная победа русского оружия"
1822:
Russian military personnel of the War of the Polish Succession
1033:
881:, where he remained for several years, until the accession of
43:
1827:
German military personnel of the War of the Polish Succession
729:
In 1736, as the commander of the Russian army, he headed the
1158:. In Germany, it has formed part of family names since 1919.
531:
in the military family of Anton Günther Mönnich (since 1688
499:). As a statesman, he is regarded as the founder of Russian
949:, and other skilful generals, were training in his school
718:
was heavily reproached. However, after that in 1733, the
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Burckhardt de Münnich is buried in his land of Lunia in
653:, was appointed to the position of president of Russian
30:"Munnich" redirects here. For the Bavarian capital, see
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633:(1703), and was thinking of building a bridge towards
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in 1732 as well as given an order to re-organize the
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In 1721, he was invited by the Russian ambassador in
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steppes in 1737, and on 2 July took the fortress of
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Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
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74:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
813:two days later, and established himself firmly in
752:. Münnich destroyed the important Tatar cities of
617:. From 1728 to 1734, he was a General-Governor of
1152:, not a first or middle name. The female form is
1086:(in Russian). Russian Military Historical Society
609:. In 1727, Münnich was appointed the Governor of
805:) without much result. In 1739, Münnich won the
665:, known as Leib-Guard Cavalry Regiment of the
1249:
446:
8:
1892:Ethnic German people from the Russian Empire
1862:Commissioners of the Saint Petersburg Police
1229:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1153:
1139:
1053:The capitulation of the Ottoman fortress of
833:and worsening of the relationship with the
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726:as the King of Poland (ratified in 1736).
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457:Khristofor (Christofor) Antonovich Minikh
134:Learn how and when to remove this message
1174:
906:
895:ports. Münnich died four years later in
706:he was sent to take the city of Danzig (
694:affairs, he was released of his duties.
464:9] 1683 – 27 October [
1872:Internal exiles from the Russian Empire
1867:Cabinet ministers of the Russian Empire
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1024:(Записки фельдмаршала графа Миниха) at
1020:Burkhard Christoph von Münnich. (1874)
1812:18th-century German military personnel
1807:German emigrants to the Russian Empire
1138:Regarding personal names: Until 1919,
1002:Barbara Juliana, Baroness von Krüdener
484:. He carried out major reforms in the
899:and was buried at his estate nearby.
7:
1887:Military personnel from Lower Saxony
1817:Field marshals of the Russian Empire
1022:Notes of Field Marshal Count Münnich
885:brought about his release in 1762.
72:adding citations to reliable sources
37:For other people named Münnich, see
733:, besieging the important ports of
443:Burkhard Christoph Graf von Münnich
1078:Trofimov, Anton (28 August 2019).
661:. Münnich became a founder of the
419:Coat of arms of the counts of the
25:
1105:Carl Arvid von Klingspor (1882).
789:, based on the adventures of the
178:Christofor Antonovich von Münnich
27:Russian field marshal (1683-1767)
1847:Nobility from the Russian Empire
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996:Christine Lucretia von Witzleben
795:Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick
772:, earning himself a rank of the
472:-born army officer who became a
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83:"Burkhard Christoph von Münnich"
48:
1882:Counts of the Holy Roman Empire
607:Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
577:plans for the fortification of
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59:needs additional citations for
1713:Governors of Saint Petersburg
571:Alexey Grigoryevich Dolgorukov
555:where he earned the rank of a
160:Burkhard Christoph von Münnich
18:Burkhard Christoph von Munnich
1:
1852:People from Oldenburg (state)
1832:Governors of Saint Petersburg
1766:indicate acting officeholders
1278:Saint Petersburg Governorate
1265:Governors of Saint Petersburg
702:In 1734, by the reference of
698:Ottoman campaign of 1734–1739
681:Cavalry as well as the first
368:War of the Spanish Succession
1004:was his great-granddaughter.
373:War of the Polish Succession
1221:Münnich, Burkhard Christoph
1146:was a title, translated as
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448:Христофо́р Анто́нович Миних
225:16] 1767 (aged 84)
1908:
1802:17th-century German people
1111:. Stockholm. p. 181.
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29:
1771:Mayor of Saint Petersburg
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911:Bust of Count Münnich in
589:. He was promoted to the
468:16] 1767) was a
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669:, and the Shlyakhetskiy
436:Carl Arvid von Klingspor
432:Baltic Coat of arms book
1857:People from Wesermarsch
1551:Provisional Government
1369:P. Golenishchev-Kutuzov
1334:M. Golenishchev-Kutuzov
1226:Encyclopædia Britannica
986:used to bear his name.
966:Ernst Gideon von Laudon
873:, he was later sent to
645:Upon the coronation of
631:Peter and Paul Fortress
1769:The office was called
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1140:
998:(1685–1727), his wife.
984:37th Dragoons Regiment
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724:Augustus III of Poland
704:Ernst Johann von Biron
663:Russian Imperial Guard
515:of the German Nation.
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236:Governorate of Livonia
1108:Baltisches Wappenbuch
982:The Imperial Russia
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774:general field marshal
716:Stanisław Leszczyński
641:Russian army reformer
507:. He had the rank of
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355:Russian Imperial Army
333:Years of service
327:Russian Imperial Army
221:27 October [
1842:Lower Saxon nobility
958:, his aide-de-camp:
956:Hermann von Manstein
934:wrote for his part:
807:Battle of Stavuchany
741:. On 21 May 1735 he
722:was able to install
667:Izmaylovsky Regiment
651:General-Fieldmarshal
539:he also learned the
523:Münnich was born at
400:Battle of Stavuchany
243:(present-day Tartu,
68:improve this article
1601:Executive Committee
928:Frederick the Great
920:Catherine the Great
867:Elizabeth of Russia
827:Order of St. Andrew
537:Low German language
460:; 19 May [
390:Storming of Perekop
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737:(modern Azov) and
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591:Lieutenant General
529:Duchy of Oldenburg
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208:Duchy of Oldenburg
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1447:Saint Petersburg
1354:Lobanov-Rostovsky
1273:Governors General
1118:978-0-543-98710-5
922:will say of him "
831:Habsburg monarchy
750:Crimean Peninsula
731:Turkish campaigns
712:a prolonged siege
585:fortification in
513:Holy Roman Empire
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404:Capture of Khotin
385:Russo-Ottoman War
290:Holy Roman Empire
278:Kingdom of France
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245:Tartu County
193:Neuenhuntorf
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66:Please help
61:verification
58:
1797:1767 deaths
1792:1683 births
1598:(1924-1991)
1590:(1917-1924)
1457:(1914–1917)
1449:(1873–1914)
1349:Vyazmitinov
1304:von Münnich
1280:(1703–1873)
1197:Attribution
1026:Runivers.ru
671:Cadet Corps
603:Catherine I
533:von Münnich
424: [
314:French Army
196: [
1786:Categories
1741:Matviyenko
1663:Spiridonov
1658:Zamchevsky
1596:Leningrad
1588:Petrograd
1586:Chairs of
1530:Drachevsky
1455:Petrograd
1084:История.РФ
1065:References
939:Franz Lacy
679:Cuirassier
583:Annenkrone
559:and later
266:Allegiance
94:newspapers
1703:Shelkanov
1693:Gerasimov
1688:Dumachyov
1638:Andrianov
1628:Kuznetsov
1572:Schreider
1546:Petrograd
1544:Heads of
1515:D. Trepov
1466:F. Trepov
1289:Menshikov
1090:28 August
915:memorial.
883:Peter III
635:Stockholm
579:Kronstadt
336:1700–1762
1729:Yakovlev
1698:Gidaspov
1683:Solovyov
1668:Rodionov
1648:Alexeyev
1613:Zinoviev
1567:Rogovsky
1562:Yurevich
1520:Dedyulin
1505:Kleigels
1500:von Wahl
1404:Levashov
1394:Ignatyev
1359:Balashov
1339:Kamensky
1319:Arkharov
1309:Golitsyn
1294:Apraksin
1124:11 April
990:Heritage
947:Löwendal
932:Voltaire
913:Walhalla
871:scaffold
863:Courland
849:Downfall
819:Moldavia
815:Moldavia
758:Aqmescit
615:Peter II
438:in 1882.
351:Commands
317:Army of
308:Service/
1764:Italics
1724:Sobchak
1678:Aristov
1653:Ignatov
1623:Zhdanov
1608:Trotsky
1577:Kishkin
1495:Gresser
1490:Baranov
1399:Suvorov
1389:Shulgin
1379:Kavelin
1344:Tolstoy
1299:Sapieha
1214::
1036:formats
977:Livonia
879:Siberia
809:, took
803:Podolie
799:Nemirov
778:Dnieper
768:, took
623:Karelia
575:Peter I
557:colonel
551:and of
511:of the
480:in the
249:Estonia
108:scholar
39:Münnich
1751:Beglov
1735:Beglov
1643:Kozlov
1633:Popkov
1553:(1917)
1549:under
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903:Legacy
893:Baltic
837:, the
811:Khotyn
760:, and
754:Kezlev
743:sacked
708:Gdańsk
687:sapper
683:Hussar
619:Ingria
587:Vyborg
568:Warsaw
553:Saxony
470:German
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256:Buried
228:Dorpat
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1673:Popov
1618:Kirov
1471:Zurov
1374:Essen
1314:Bruce
1149:Count
1055:Hotin
1041:Notes
943:Keith
897:Tartu
875:Pelym
855:Biron
627:count
541:Latin
509:count
428:]
319:Hesse
204:Berne
200:]
115:JSTOR
101:books
1535:Balk
1453:and
1142:Graf
1126:2019
1113:ISBN
1092:2023
1032:and
1030:DjVu
859:duke
823:Iași
791:page
770:Azak
735:Azak
543:and
476:and
466:O.S.
462:O.S.
341:Rank
223:O.S.
218:Died
188:O.S.
183:Born
153:Graf
87:news
1593:and
1445:of
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