Knowledge (XXG)

Baháʼí Faith in Botswana

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657:. In 2005 Lally Warren recalled that as a young child in Mafikeng it had been unusual to meet white people who were pleasant to her so she believed that all white people were bad. That changed when she met the Robarts family. "The Robarts didn't treat me like a black child, they treated me as a child," she said. She recalled when she was 10 and the Robarts family came to her house for meetings with her parents, James and Stella Moncho, the first local couple to become Baháʼís, "They could only do this at night, and as they came towards the house they would switch their lights on and off to say, 'Is it ok, is it safe, can we come?'…There was no electricity in the black area during those days so my mother would take a lantern and stick it out through the window and wave it to say, 'OK, it's safe for you to come.'" 1282:
Nsibisibi, Robert Petersen and Robert Sarracino, traveled from Gaborone south to the area around Lobatse, west to Kanye, north to Molepolole, and back to Gaborone, proclaiming and teaching the Faith in about a dozen villages. In each village visited they approached the village chief or headman and asked to address those gathered at the morning kgotla, a daily court which the chief would hold in the village. In all cases this group of youth was well received, and often the initial presentation was followed by an animated session of questions and discussion.
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and the black were all blind. They did not see the truth, they did not have the eye of the soul. Hence, I became a Baháʼí, and renounced man-made solutions to peace." The African National Congress tried to woo back Mr. Kukama for many years without success. The police kept him under surveillance even after he became a Baháʼí because they did not believe that he had given up partisan politics. Mr. Kukama later served for many years both as a member of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Bophuthatswana and of South Africa.
997: 1390:'s Leaders Action Forum, served as the supporter and catalyst for an HIV/AIDS awareness project called Letsema la Itlotlo (conceived by his parents-in-law Gerald and Lally Warren) to promote change in the behaviors that lead to the spread of HIV/AIDS in Botswana by using traditional cultural teachings and the values associated with religious belief as forces of attitudinal change. Two founding grants were received from De Beers Botswana and from the Office of Social and Economic Development of the 762: 665:(traditional chiefs) of the Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema converted to the religion but his enrollment was not made public because of likely harassment due to his previous high-profile political involvement. In 1955 his relative, Stanlake Kukama, became the first native Tswana of Bechuanaland to become a publicly declared Baháʼí. In 2005 Kukama recalled he had been an anti-apartheid activist, and was a member of the South African political party, the 1286:
Meanwhile, recognition of the work of the national government in support of human rights was presented by the national assembly - at the reception ambassadors and diplomatic core from several countries and the UN. The UN representative invited the Baha'is in turn to co-sponso the 1988 UN Day observance. An international youth conference was held in 1989 at which 120 people from 13 countries attended. In December youth from
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may travel through all the continents and islands of the globe" and " …the anthem of the oneness of the world of humanity may confer a new life upon all the children of men, and the tabernacle of universal peace be pitched on the apex of America; thus Europe and Africa may become vivified with the breaths of the Holy Spirit, this world may become another world, the body politic may attain to a new exhilaration…."
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center. Sixty-seven localities had been introduced to the religion and translations of some Baháʼí scripture had been accomplished. Some forty chiefs at various levels had been sent messages by the national assembly about the religion. Fifty-seven villages had been visited with mass meetings resulting. There were only four pioneers present then. The village of Boneapitse was noted as being a majority of Baháʼís.
24: 833: 109: 801: 769: 481: 785: 1375:, Botswana from 1990 to 2000. During the same period he also served in some institutions of the religion-appointed to the Permanent Baháʼí Training Institute in Botswana on its board of directors (1996-2000) and as external affairs officer for the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999-2000) and then moved back to the United States. 917: 869: 853: 817: 949: 901: 885: 933: 628:. The goal of establishing a Baháʼí presence in Bechuanaland was assigned to the National Assembly of Iran then still in operation. However, by November 1953 recent arrivals the Johnsons from America then in South Africa saw the arrival of John and Audrey Robarts and son Patrick and daughter Nina from Canada who were assisted in reaching 735:
countries of Botswana, Malawi and Rhodesia. Its members were: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat'he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, and John D. Sargent Sr. There were ten delegates, sixty additional visitors for the fourth annual convention, held in Salisbury, Rhodesia.
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Paula Rath lived in Botswana in 1972–73 with her former husband, Dick Graham as Baha'i pioneers and ran a little newspaper called Puisano. Maureen Page was the secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of Botswana for many years and her husband Jeff Gruber was a linguist, studying a
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and had detested white people because of their attitude towards Africans but that changed when he heard about the Baháʼí Faith from the Robarts family: "In 1955 I heard of the Baháʼí Faith and the principles of the Faith were the solution to peace and harmony for mankind.… I realized that the white
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from the then head of the Faith, Shoghi Effendi. By 1963 there were two assemblies; seven groups, and one isolated member. The Robarts had joined the religion in 1938 and when the first National Spiritual Assembly of Canada was formed in 1948, John was elected chairman, a post he held until 1953 when
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In 1970 the first National Youth School in Botswana was attended by over thirty youth, adults and teachers. Following the classes the youth visited three villages previously arranged by the national assembly with the approval of the local chiefs where they presented a well received speech especially
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prepared for them. Because of the reception of the speech they were invited to a further six villages by the chiefs of those villages ultimately presenting the religion to almost 700 attendees of the presentations. Coverage of the tour was also done on local radio. Later the first Baháʼís from the
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magazine on December 12, 1919. ʻAbdu'l-Bahá mentions Baháʼís traveling "…especially from America to Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia, and travel through Japan and China. Likewise, from Germany teachers and believers may travel to the continents of America, Africa, Japan and China; in brief, they
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on reforming university educational programs, learned and joined the Baháʼí Faith, and then returned to Africa. Eventually his family moved to Botswana. While there he had a chance to interact with the Bushmen of the Kalahari during Baháʼí oriented trips and worked managing a program on secondary
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she met with Bushmen when only a few had joined the religion so far hoping the religion would help preserve their qualities of gentleness and goodness. Then she met with the national assembly especially about the topic of the Baháʼí view of "consultation", that the Baháʼí funds are to be spent on
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on the topic of "African Traditional Beliefs and the Unity of the World Religions". A review of the community then noted that the national assembly and five local assemblies had incorporated and registered with the government. The national assembly then became legal owners of the national Baháʼí
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was head of the religion and began to re-organized the Baháʼí communities of Africa, including Botswana, by splitting off national communities to form their own National Assemblies from 1964 though the 1990s. In 1967 the newly elected regional assembly of South Central Africa, then comprised the
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The first all-youth teaching project which took place in Botswana, and the first group teaching expedition undertaken for the Faith in that country, took place in August, 1970. A group of some 10-15 Baha'i youth, including among them White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Morewang, "Twist"
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Robert Sylvester grew up Catholic in the United States but converted to the religion in the 1970s. He and his wife moved to Zambia in the later 1970s, where he worked in a school and served in the Baháʼí community there. Then they moved to Botswana. He would serve as Principal (Chief Executive
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Among the earliest development projects in Botswana was a systematic initiation of a major "Youth Year of Service" project which coordinated volunteer activities with assemblies with a defined need. This was extended by an orientation program of youth in diverse traditional African cultures.
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In 1975 a pair of women from Rhodesia traveled a few places in the country holding extended classes on the religion in a few locations advancing the activity of women. The pair were joined by a few local youth. Indeed, in 1976 five handicraft clubs for Baháʼí women were functioning with the
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beginning by giving greater freedom to women, promulgating the promotion of female education as a priority concern, and that involvement was given practical expression by creating schools, agricultural coops, and clinics. The religion entered a new phase of activity when a message of the
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The Robarts family befriended Modiri Molema, a highly respected medical doctor and the only black man who was permitted to associate with whites. Dr. Molema invited his friends and family to hear about the religion, and he gave the Robarts family letters of introduction to the
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which was also covered by television and radio news. In 1985 the Baháʼís were invited to a seminar on religions at the University of Batswana. More than 100 youth met for an international youth conference in August that was opened by the then vice-president of Botswana -
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Shahin Lockman and her husband served a number of medical posts including in Botswana. Lockman worked on tuberculosis in Botswana. On her first visit there in 1996, another disease caught her attention: HIV/AIDS. Both eventually worked in the first clinical trial of the
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In April 1956 the Baháʼí Faith was present in small numbers across 15 countries of southern Africa. To administer these communities a regional National Spiritual Assembly was elected in South West Africa to cover them. In 1956 John Robarts was elected to it.
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By early 1957 the Baháʼí community numbered between 10 and 20 individuals and became part of the regional national assembly of South and West Africa. By 1963 there were two assemblies; seven groups, and one isolated member. The assemblies were in
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she met with local school teachers. She congratulated the pioneers that were well out in the countryside rather than clustered in the capital. At another village she spoke at a teachers' training college noting the Baháʼí teaching of
2384: 2894: 1417:) estimated some 16,500 Baháʼís in 2010. However the 2001 national census counts approximately 700 Baháʼís. Members of each community estimate that these figures significantly understated their respective numbers. 1213:
An Iranian refugee since 1979, Yousef Mostaghim, and his family continued to support Baháʼí activities when they moved for a few months to Gaborone, Botswana, circa 1982 before settling in the United States.
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in addition to members of the national assembly and auxiliary board members in February. In August 1981 Botswana's first international conference was attended by 150 adults and children from seven countries.
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assistance of Iran Sohaili from Rhodesia. There was a continued meeting in 1978 when a small group of Baháʼís visited them for a week and encouraged them to adopt an extension goal of a nearby village.
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elected in 1970. Its members in the 1971 re-election were: Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, and Broer Oageng.
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In 2009 Lucretia Warren, chairperson of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana and a former member of the Baháʼí Continental Board of Counsellors for Africa, presented at her third
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particular Bushman language. Jeff worked on creating a written alphabet for a Bushman language that had never been categorized and alphabetized before working with a Kalahari Bushman who spoke
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During 1994–95, youth camps were particularly popular in Botswana where the community held the country's first youth camp. For one week, youth gathered at the Baháʼí Institute in
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The first national summer school happened Dec 29 to Jan 4 1979-1980 and was followed by a regional conference on the promulgation on the religion with participation of
510: 1189:, who was appointed a Hand of the Cause in 1957, and his wife Audrey returned to Botswana. They visited several villages and old friends and were interviewed in the 2908: 1114: 1098: 166: 161: 1347:
The minister of local government of Botswana, Margaret Nasha, commended the activities of the community when she addressed its golden jubilee held December 2004.
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and were written on April 19, 1916 and February 15, 1917, respectively. Publication however was delayed in the United States until 1919—after the end of the
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in 1972. When it was re-elected in 1973 its members were: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g''ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo.
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College of Education and Ministry of Education, Botswana, while as Research Associate with the Florida State University for 1986–88.
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toured Botswana for a week speaking of the Baháʼí views on themes of the religion and presented an address on radio. In April
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are a select group of Baháʼís, appointed for life, whose main function was to propagate and protect the religion. In May 1971
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of Baháʼu'lláh (published as "Mafoko a a Subilweng a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) The book of prayers is available online for free.
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arrived in Botswana about October 1954, where they befriended many Africans. The first election of Botswana's Baháʼí
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where they arrived by October 1954 and were recognized as the first Baháʼís to the country earning the title
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toured the country and visited three of the then newest and most active Baháʼí communities in Botswana -
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held in Melbourne Australia as a member of a panel discussion on "Interfaith and the future of Africa".
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Baháʼís from Botswana were among the thousand who gathered for a regional conference called for by the
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volunteer in various posts in Africa and then moved back to the United States. He became a student of
1426: 393: 2387:. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States. February 28, 2013. Archived from 171: 2336: 1431: 1182: 564: 2420: 1174:
she spoke at another teachers' training college on the importance of youth. The final village was
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dated 20 October 1983 was released. Baháʼís were urged to seek out ways, compatible with the
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were among the choirs that performed at a Baháʼí International Music Festival in Botswana.
1387: 1232: 1217: 1203: 1166: 1125: 1017: 1001: 939: 707: 1686: 1609: 351: 2715: 2689: 2663: 2637: 2528: 2502: 2476: 2309: 2283: 2257: 2204: 2178: 2126: 2100: 2074: 2048: 2022: 1996: 1970: 1944: 1878: 1852: 1630: 2784:"President of Botswana praises publication of Baháʼí books in native Setswana language" 2230: 2152: 1909: 1716: 1090: 807: 719: 613: 321: 2871: 2458: 2439: 1656: 3516: 2623: 1465: 1302: 1129: 1109:
where he addressed wide-ranging topics from the definition of the word "Baháʼí", the
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was in 1970. The 2001 national census counts approximately 700 Baháʼís. However, the
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toured the country for some 20 days. She was met an hour's walk from the village of
1569:"Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911" 1355: 1329: 1165:. She went on to other villages and illustrated diverse responses to faith. In the 1078: 1042: 418: 219: 3064: 2945: 2915:. HAI - Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative. Fall 2010. Archived from 2890: 2768:. Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from 2406: 1243:
in Africa from 1985 to 2000 and has served the religion in many other capacities.
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at which several city officials attended, another was with visiting Counsellor
2909:"Drs. Roger Shapiro and Shahin Lockman - Partners in Research & Parenting" 2821: 2810:"Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí, tse di senotsweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Báb, le ʻAbdu'l-Bahá" 1221: 1146: 1086: 1045:
as well as translated in Tswana as part of the overall observance of the UN's
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In 1984 the Baháʼís of Gaborone held a few public meetings - one highlighted
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education teacher training for almost five years before moving on to Egypt.
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translated by the Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999) .
1372: 1287: 1154: 1106: 978: 969: 839: 775: 687: 2826: 1171: 1094: 1013: 1009: 859: 823: 740: 679: 1576: 1025: 955: 907: 891: 711: 695: 691: 574: 386: 2809: 1853:"Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…" 1162: 128: 2608:"The Baháʼí Faith 1957–1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments" 2405:. Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Archived from 1631:"The Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference" 1567:
National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997).
1037:. That year was also the one when the Universal House of Justice's 2783: 1757: 1340:
in its third reprint with a revised translation and the other was
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where she met the first Baháʼís of Botswana -Mr. and Mrs. Moncho.
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by a new mother with a week-old baby. At a few villages including
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The religion arrived in the area during the end of the era of the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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but that matters of faith are not dependent on book learning. In
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fluently. Translations were undertaken and in 1973 a book of
2816:. Lekgotla la Semowa la Sechaba la Baháʼí ba Botswana. 1999. 2427:. Conflict Resolution Institute, University of Denver. 2005. 1170:
specific purposes for the promulgation of the religion. At
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In August 1971 the first public talks on the religion in
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Since its inception the religion has had involvement in
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she addressed the importance of prayer, the meaning of "
49: 2743:. Baháʼí International Community. 2013. Archived from 1810:"Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia" 547:
estimated some 16,500 Baháʼís in Botswana as of 2010.
2944:. The Aspen Institute. August 1, 2013. Archived from 1456:
International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana
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Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God
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General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa
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The time came for the election of Botswana's Baháʼí
3437: 3412: 3131: 2585:"Education of women and socio-economic development" 989:An all-Bushman local assembly was first elected in 730:Following the death of Shoghi Effendi, the elected 2790:. Baháʼí International Community. 27 February 2001 573:. The eighth and twelfth of the tablets mentioned 1689:Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa 555: 2820:uploaded by Massoud Derakhshani (Jun 12, 2009). 2563:draft "A Short Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith" 2352: 2350: 1157:she addressed the topic of dreams related about 38:, potentially preventing the article from being 1788:"Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes" 1764:. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005 1004:(shown in maroon) & Kalahari Basin (orange) 585:. The tablets were translated and presented by 3055:"QuickLists: Most Baha'i (sic) Nations (2010)" 3021:"Baháʼís contribute to inter-faith Parliament" 2552: 2550: 1543:: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp. 82–89. 1509:: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp. 47–59. 1482:Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation 1332:praised publication of Baháʼí books in native 1220:served as a Staff Development Advisor for the 608:, the predecessor colonial country, under the 3109: 2960:"International Baháʼís to address Parliament" 2913:News & Publications, Spotlight newsletter 1781: 1779: 832: 504: 8: 1792:Essays and short articles and Research notes 1141:and the importance of mothers and teachers, 1041:was delivered to Botswana's then president, 1485:. Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments). 1460:Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor 3116: 3102: 3094: 1803: 1801: 1117:and the difficulties with social norms in 511: 497: 87: 58:reliable, independent, third-party sources 2457:Warren Odess-Gillett (February 7, 2006). 2438:Warren Odess-Gillett (February 6, 2006). 1904: 1902: 1900: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1562: 1560: 556:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's Tablets of the Divine Plan 76:Learn how and when to remove this message 1828: 1826: 1451: 1449: 1447: 1305:, and such teachings of the religion as 52:by replacing them with more appropriate 3031:(1): 4–5. February 2010. Archived from 1604:. Division of Religion and Philosophy, 1443: 981:were undertaken and was broadcast over 99: 35:too closely associated with the subject 2970:(3): 1–2. October 2009. Archived from 2870:Warren Odess-Gillett (July 21, 2008). 2853:"The Johannesburg Regional Conference" 2741:"Baháʼí Youth: "A New Kind of People"" 1934:Mafeking joined Bophuthatswana in 1980 800: 3060:Association of Religion Data Archives 2995:"Parliament of the World's Religions" 2638:"A look at programs around the world" 2559:"History of the Baháʼí Faith in Iran" 2337:"Titi, my Bushman Friend in Botswana" 2101:"Governments receive peace statement" 1411:Association of Religion Data Archives 784: 545:Association of Religion Data Archives 7: 2606:Momen, Moojan; Smith, Peter (1989). 2529:"Botswana: Deepening institute held" 2284:"Botswana: Hand of the Cause visits" 1758:"Minister praises Baháʼí activities" 2256:Nakhjavani, Violette (April 1973). 1479:ʻAbbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). 1399:Parliament of the World's Religions 1328:In 2001 then President of Botswana 589:on April 4, 1919, and published in 3089:Botswana Baháʼí National Community 2503:"Clubs for Baháʼí women organized" 1879:"Botswana - First Youth Institute" 1358:, South Africa, in November 2008. 916: 14: 2993:Khosravi, Beman (1 August 2004). 2878:. Season 2008. Valley Free Radio. 2857:Baháʼí International News Service 2465:. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio. 2446:. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio. 1239:Lally Warren was a member of the 868: 3424:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 3194:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2897:from the original on 2013-07-13. 1241:Continental Board of Counsellors 1181:In March 1978 Hand of the Cause 1071:was the first to tour Botswana. 947: 931: 915: 899: 883: 867: 851: 831: 815: 799: 783: 768: 767: 760: 479: 107: 33:may rely excessively on sources 22: 2231:"Hand of Cause visits Botswana" 1381:Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute 1124:In June 1972 Hand of the Cause 852: 816: 2849:Baháʼí International Community 2583:Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi (1997). 2335:Rath, Paula (March 27, 2013). 1392:Baháʼí International Community 948: 900: 884: 624:near the end of the period of 600:Establishment of the community 563:wrote a series of letters, or 1: 2891:"Vita of Robert F. Sylvester" 2483:(505): 18–19. December 1975. 1910:"Progress Report of Botswana" 1808:Paccassi, Pat (August 2011). 1717:"Temple Land in Johannesburg" 1598:"Overview Of World Religions" 1386:Sean Hinton, a member of the 1369:Westwood International School 932: 2624:10.1016/0048-721X(89)90077-8 2153:"The Promise of World Peace" 2127:"The Promise of World Peace" 1415:World Christian Encyclopedia 1057:Visits of Hands of the Cause 2403:"About Dr. Dwight W. Allen" 2290:(570): 13. September 1978. 2133:(683): 2–3. February 1988. 2055:(654): 15. September 1985. 1977:(594): 12. September 1980. 1837:Residing in the Holy Land. 1093:area), and Palla Road (aka 1047:International Year of Peace 752:National Spiritual Assembly 541:National Spiritual Assembly 3549: 2696:(706): 14. February 1990. 2670:(505): 15. December 1988. 2316:(505): 14. December 1981. 2237:(683): 12–13. March 1972. 2185:(678): 3. September 1987. 2107:(659): 14. February 1986. 2081:(657): 14. December 1985. 2029:(647): 15. February 1985. 2003:(599): 14. February 1981. 1916:(492): 12–13. March 1972. 1885:(477): 11. December 1970. 1536:Tablets of the Divine Plan 1502:Tablets of the Divine Plan 1352:Universal House of Justice 1267:Universal House of Justice 1262:socio-economic development 1227:Ash Hartwell was an early 1039:The Promise of World Peace 732:Universal House of Justice 632:(then in Bechuanaland) as 570:Tablets of the Divine Plan 266:Universal House of Justice 2942:Action Forum Participants 2788:Baháʼí World News Service 2509:(505): 2. December 1976. 1951:(492): 6. February 1974. 1762:Baha'i World News Service 1659:Johannesburg, March, 1954 747:had joined the religion. 667:African National Congress 606:Bechuanaland Protectorate 437:Socioeconomic development 3179:Central African Republic 3025:Australian Baháʼí Report 2964:Australian Baháʼí Report 2822:"Setswana Baháʼí Prayer" 2766:"Invitation and Program" 2716:"A Baháʼí choir from..." 2644:(505): 2–3. April 1988. 2341:Blog … more than fashion 1859:(437): 11. August 1967. 1794:. Baháʼí Library Online. 1786:Hassall, Graham (2000). 1723:(280): 4. October 1954. 1637:(281): 1–3. March 1953. 1297:and studied the life of 1247:Sustained women's groups 1113:, its relationship with 525:Baháʼí Faith in Botswana 3528:Bahá'í Faith by country 3125:Baháʼí Faith in Africa 2721:(706): 16. March 1990. 2459:"Ash Hartwell (part 3)" 2440:"Ash Hartwell (part 2)" 1413:(relying mostly on the 1311:immortality of the soul 1111:history of the religion 714:, and a lone Baháʼí in 653:and the family went on 251:Covenant of Baháʼu'lláh 227:Some Answered Questions 3533:Bahá'í Faith in Africa 3063:. 2010. Archived from 2211:(676): 11. July 1987. 2159:(675): 12. June 1987. 1697:(280): 15. June 1954. 1539:(Paperback ed.). 1505:(Paperback ed.). 1462:(September 14, 2005). 1318:University of Botswana 1246: 1183:H. Collis Featherstone 1143:eliminating illiteracy 1103:progressive revelation 1005: 968:Baháʼí communities in 651:Auxiliary Board Member 626:Colonisation of Africa 442:Progressive revelation 3339:São Tomé and Príncipe 3199:Republic of the Congo 2889:Sylvester, Robert F. 2589:Baháʼí Studies Review 2535:(505): 14. May 1979. 1667:(281): 6. July 1954. 1606:University of Cumbria 1383:partnership in 2000. 1307:chastity and marriage 1139:equality of the sexes 1069:Adelbert Mühlschlegel 999: 649:appointed John as an 638:Knight of Baháʼu'lláh 610:Union of South Africa 531:, then leader of the 382:Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh 347:Letters of the Living 3523:Religion in Botswana 2876:A Baha'i Perspective 2772:on November 6, 2003. 2463:A Baha'i Perspective 2444:A Baha'i Perspective 2360:Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí 1427:Religion in Botswana 1336:. One was a book of 1193:and Radio Botswana. 965:class=notpageimage| 726:National development 641:they moved. In 1954 271:Spiritual Assemblies 256:Administrative Order 3414:States with limited 2938:"About Sean Hinton" 2565:. Bahai-library.com 2385:"Tributes in brief" 1432:History of Botswana 1191:Botswana Daily News 718:(which is near the 2872:"Robert Sylvester" 1971:"Bushman Assembly" 1945:"Bushman Assembly" 1841:. pp. 25, 59. 1835:Hands of the Cause 1541:Wilmette, Illinois 1507:Wilmette, Illinois 1197:Individual stories 1062:Hands of the Cause 1006: 622:Sub-Saharan Africa 587:Mirza Ahmad Sohrab 327:Hands of the Cause 187:Nineteen Day Feast 3510: 3509: 3441:other territories 3214:Equatorial Guinea 2948:on July 13, 2013. 2425:Faculty Spotlight 1334:Setswana language 1099:unity of humanity 1076:Hand of the Cause 1074:In November 1971 1066:Hand of the Cause 655:Baháʼí pilgrimage 643:Hand of the Cause 521: 520: 394:Shrine of the Báb 167:Unity of religion 162:Unity of humanity 86: 85: 78: 3540: 3502: 3501:(United Kingdom) 3497:Tristan da Cunha 3493:Ascension Island 3485: 3472: 3463: 3439:Dependencies and 3132:Sovereign states 3118: 3111: 3104: 3095: 3076: 3075: 3073: 3072: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3017: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3006: 2990: 2984: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2956: 2950: 2949: 2934: 2928: 2927: 2925: 2924: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2845: 2839: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2817: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2752: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2660: 2654: 2653: 2634: 2628: 2627: 2603: 2597: 2596: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2570: 2554: 2545: 2544: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2417: 2411: 2410: 2399: 2393: 2392: 2381: 2375: 2374: 2354: 2345: 2344: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2253: 2247: 2246: 2227: 2221: 2220: 2201: 2195: 2194: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2097: 2091: 2090: 2071: 2065: 2064: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2019: 2013: 2012: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1967: 1961: 1960: 1941: 1935: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1906: 1895: 1894: 1875: 1869: 1868: 1849: 1843: 1842: 1830: 1821: 1820: 1814: 1805: 1796: 1795: 1783: 1774: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1754: 1733: 1732: 1713: 1707: 1706: 1683: 1677: 1676: 1653: 1647: 1646: 1627: 1621: 1620: 1618: 1617: 1608:. 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Allen 1218:Dwight W. Allen 1199: 1167:Kalahari Desert 1126:Ruhiyyih Khanum 1059: 1002:Kalahari Desert 975: 974: 973: 967: 961: 960: 959: 958: 952: 944: 943: 942: 936: 928: 927: 926: 920: 912: 911: 910: 904: 896: 895: 894: 888: 880: 879: 878: 872: 864: 863: 862: 856: 848: 847: 846: 836: 828: 827: 826: 820: 812: 811: 810: 804: 796: 795: 794: 788: 780: 779: 778: 772: 728: 634:Baháʼí pioneers 602: 579:First World War 558: 553: 537:Baháʼí pioneers 517: 472: 471: 432: 424: 423: 372: 364: 363: 317: 309: 308: 284: 276: 275: 246: 238: 237: 200: 192: 191: 147: 139: 138: 119: 118:Central figures 82: 71: 65: 62: 47: 27: 12: 11: 5: 3546: 3544: 3536: 3535: 3530: 3525: 3515: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3504: 3503: 3486: 3473: 3464: 3450:Canary Islands 3446: 3445: 3443: 3438: 3435: 3434: 3432: 3431: 3426: 3420: 3418: 3413: 3410: 3409: 3407: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 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Baháʼí Faith

Baháʼu'lláh
The Báb
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Teachings
Unity of God
Unity of humanity
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Prayer
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Some Answered Questions
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Covenant of Baháʼu'lláh
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