650:, John XXIII travelled down the Rhine to Schaffhausen in a boat, while Frederick accompanied him with a small band of men on horseback. There was a huge outcry in Constance when it was discovered that John had fled, and Sigismund was furious about this setback to his plans for ending the Schism. The King of the Romans issued orders to all the powers on the Upper Rhine and in Swabia stating that he had declared Frederick to be an outlaw and that his lands and possessions were forfeit. In due course this led to a great deal of political upheaval and many Austrian losses in the region, notably in
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describes Cossa as "utterly worldly-minded, ambitious, crafty, unscrupulous, and immoral, a good soldier but no churchman". At this time Cossa also had some links with local robber bands, which were often used to intimidate his rivals and attack carriages. These connections added to his influence and
472:
had begun in 1378, and there were two competing popes at the time, one in
Avignon supported by France and Spain, and one in Rome, supported by most of Italy, Germany and England.) In 1386 he is listed as canon of the cathedral of Bologna. In 1396, he became archdeacon in Bologna. He became
765:
J.P. Kirsch remarks that "Undeniably secular and ambitious, his moral life was not above reproach, and his unscrupulous methods in no wise accorded with the requirements of his high office ... the heinous crimes of which his opponents in the council accused him were certainly gravely
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626:, King of the Romans. Sigismund wanted to end the schism and urged John to call a general council. John did so with hesitation, at first trying to have the council held in Italy (rather than in a German
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Alexander suddenly died while he was with
Cardinal Baldassare Cossa at Bologna on the night of 3–4 May 1410. On 25 May 1410, Cossa was consecrated a pope taking the name John XXIII. He had become an
425:. John XXIII was tried for various crimes, though later accounts question the veracity of those accusations. Towards the end of his life Cossa restored his relationship with the Church and was made
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caught up with them. He convinced
Frederick that he stood to lose too much by harbouring the fugitive pope, and the Austrian duke agreed to give himself and John up and return to Constance.
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to march against
Ladislaus. An initial victory proved short-lived and Ladislaus retook Rome in May 1413, forcing John to flee to Florence. In Florence he met
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exaggerated." One historian concluded that John was "a great man in temporal things, but a complete failure and worthless in spiritual things".
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Cossa was freed in 1418 after a heavy ransom was paid by the Medici. He went to
Florence, where he submitted to Martin V, who made him
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In March, John escaped from
Constance disguised as a postman. According to the Klingenberger Chronicle, written by a noble client of
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and obtained doctorates in both civil and canon law. Probably at the prompting of his family, in 1392 he entered the service of
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in 1409. Gregory and
Benedict ignored this decision, however, so that there were now three simultaneous claimants to the
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authorized the council as well. The council resolved that all three popes should abdicate and a new pope be elected.
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in 1408, which sought to end the
Western Schism with the election of a third alternative pope. In 1410, he succeeded
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in
Florence. Pope Martin V protested in vain against the inscription on the sarcophagus: "John the former pope".
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445:, the son of Giovanni Cossa, lord of Procida. Initially he followed a military career, taking part in the
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In the meantime, Antipope John XXIII and
Frederick fled further downriver along the Rhine to the town of
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of 1413, which deposed John XXIII and Benedict XIII, accepted Gregory XII's resignation, and elected
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During his absence, John was deposed by the council, and upon his return he was tried for heresy,
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2009:
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wrote, "The more scandalous charges were suppressed; the vicar of Christ was accused only of
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the bank of the papacy, contributing considerably to the family's wealth and prestige.
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1771:
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1242:
856:
851:; he then declared that he was John XXIII to put this question to rest. There was no
717:
682:
418:
681:, schism and immorality, and found guilty on all counts. The 18th century historian
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665:, which recognised the duke of Austria as its lord. There Sigismund's lieutenant
17:
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375:
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2935:
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755:
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312:
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843:
was elected pope in 1958, there was some confusion as to whether he would be
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43:
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808:, a novel of historical fiction about the life of Baldassare Cossa.
559:, and numerous Northern Italian city states, including Florence and
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3042:
3006:
1862:
727:
634:
was convened on 30 October 1414. During the third session, rival
3047:
2766:
690:
4981:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
3948:
1866:
1853:
1407:
1117:
958:
Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 2 January 2016
859:; this is why Gibbon refers to the antipope John as John XXII.
5271:
956:
Kirsch, Johann Peter. "John XXIII." The Catholic Encyclopedia
539:
only one day earlier. John XXIII was acknowledged as pope by
1403:
855:, since that number was skipped due to an error by Medieval
4870:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1039:
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
5225:
4901:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
1042:, New York: The Heritage Press, 1946, vol. 3, p. 2417
409:, taking the name John XXIII. At the instigation of
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311:
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258:
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204:
199:
177:
141:
97:
89:
81:
73:
41:
468:, first working in Bologna and then in Rome. (The
374:, whom it recognizes as the rightful successor of
996:"Popes and Prelates", Mediateca di Palazzo Medici
800:In 1983 American political satirist and novelist
507:who, in May 1408, withdrew their allegiance from
370:regards him as an antipope for his opposition to
4971:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1105:Levillain, Philippe, ed. (2002). "John XXIII".
811:Russian writer Dmitry Balashov wrote the novel
449:. His two brothers were sentenced to death for
3960:
1878:
1419:
1129:
910:"Chapter XI. John XXIII and the Great Schism"
816:
8:
716:, refused to resign and was excommunicated.
437:Baldassarre Cossa was born on the island of
384:recognized by the French clergy and monarchy
5377:14th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
5347:People from the Metropolitan City of Naples
991:
989:
701:, who imprisoned him for several months in
4986:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
4936:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
4355:
4344:
4127:
3967:
3953:
3945:
3807:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
2748:
2263:
1948:
1885:
1871:
1863:
1850:
1728:
1652:
1426:
1412:
1404:
1136:
1122:
1114:
967:
936:
327:
55:
38:
27:Italian bishop; Pisan antipope (1410–1415)
1005:
1003:
892:
1109:. Vol. 2: Gaius-Proxies. Routledge.
1010:Miranda, Salvador. "Cossa, Baldassare",
951:
949:
947:
945:
903:
901:
712:The last remaining claimant in Avignon,
5284:
5232:
1087:The Swerve: How the World Became Modern
885:
746:The Medici oversaw the construction of
1012:The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
743:. Cossa died only a few months later.
7:
642:Flight from the Council of Constance
503:Cardinal Cossa was one of the seven
337:Other popes and antipopes named John
61:Miniature from the Chronicle of the
30:For the twentieth-century pope, see
4840:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
914:Crises in the History of the Papacy
583:. Gregory XII was still favored by
4395:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1179:election begins the Western Schism
25:
5367:Deans of the College of Cardinals
983:. London: Harvey Miller. pp. 4–5.
720:was elected as new pope in 1417.
421:to replace them, thus ending the
5304:
5287:
5259:
5247:
5235:
5202:
5190:
4521:Fourth Council of Constantinople
4476:Second Council of Constantinople
3929:
3928:
3917:
3885:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
3433:Criticism of the Catholic Church
1832:
1822:
1821:
477:of Saint Eustachius in 1402 and
4491:Third Council of Constantinople
4415:First Council of Constantinople
2052:First seven ecumenical councils
839:of the twentieth century. When
835:He should not be confused with
88:
80:
4730:Dissolution of the monasteries
3996:History of the Catholic Church
2627:Separation of church and state
778:in the 2016 television series
515:of Avignon, they convened the
1:
4604:Fourth Council of the Lateran
4579:Second Council of the Lateran
4188:Apostles in the New Testament
1787:Conclavist/post-Sedevacantist
1053:"Medici: Masters of Florence"
1027:, 1414–1418 (Paderborn, 1991)
821:) about Antipope John XXIII.
648:Frederick IV, Duke of Austria
411:Sigismund, King of the Romans
378:. He was also an opponent of
351:1370 – 22 December 1419) was
348:
266:
190:Antipapal (Avignon) claimant:
5357:Cardinal-bishops of Frascati
4718:Catholic Counter-Reformation
4584:Third Council of the Lateran
4574:First Council of the Lateran
4030:Catholic ecumenical councils
699:Ludwig III, Elector Palatine
667:Ludwig III, Elector Palatine
630:, as Sigismund wanted). The
289:1419 (aged 53–54)
1107:The Papacy: An Encyclopedia
869:Papal selection before 1059
781:Medici: Masters of Florence
741:Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
733:Tomb of Antipope John XXIII
614:The main enemy of John was
603:, and parts of Germany and
427:Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
386:as the legitimate Pontiff.
306:Tomb of Antipope John XXIII
5393:
4064:History of the Roman Curia
3924:Catholic Church portal
981:Donatello & Michelozzo
828:
760:Battistero di San Giovanni
697:." John was given over to
494:Role in the Western Schism
393:. In 1403, he served as a
29:
5185:
4800:European wars of religion
4111:Eastern Catholic Churches
3912:
3850:Aid to the Church in Need
3471:Vatican Television Center
3116:Eastern Catholic Churches
1900:
1860:
1855:Links to related articles
1817:
1764:Apostles of Infinite Love
1149:
817:
401:. He participated in the
335:
54:
4931:Mary of the Divine Heart
4554:Clash against the empire
4506:Second Council of Nicaea
4400:Old St. Peter's Basilica
3792:Communion and Liberation
3256:Eastern Catholic liturgy
2421:Mystici Corporis Christi
2349:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
1645:Late Middle Ages /
565:Patriarchate of Aquileia
5197:Vatican City portal
4549:Investiture Controversy
4405:First Council of Nicaea
2607:Philosophy of canon law
2537:Mariology of the saints
2117:Investiture Controversy
1206:ends the Western Schism
1144:Western Schism timeline
1057:Internet Movie Database
1025:Das Konzil von Konstanz
979:Lightbown, R.W. (1980)
413:, Pope John called the
362:(1410–1415) during the
225:Jean-Allarmet de Brogny
212:Jean-Allarmet de Brogny
5372:15th-century antipopes
5209:Catholicism portal
5020:Second Vatican Council
4906:Our Lady of La Salette
4713:Protestant Reformation
4700:Protestant Reformation
4619:Second Council of Lyon
4008:Ecclesiastical history
3860:Catholic Charities USA
3494:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
3482:Vatican Polyglot Press
2532:Mariology of the popes
2170:Protestant Reformation
1839:Catholicism portal
916:. G.P. Putnam's Sons.
908:Joseph McCabe (1916).
736:
607:. John XXIII made the
531:Election to the papacy
513:Antipope Benedict XIII
460:He studied law at the
447:Angevin-Neapolitan war
389:Cossa was born in the
380:Antipope Benedict XIII
194:Antipope Benedict XIII
5276:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
4916:First Vatican Council
4614:First Council of Lyon
4378:Constantine the Great
4074:Christian monasticism
3614:Good Shepherd Sisters
3456:Holy See Press Office
2694:Doctors of the Church
2527:Immaculate Conception
2482:Anointing of the Sick
2017:History of the papacy
1616:Victor IV (1159–1164)
1023:Brandmüller, Walter.
831:Pope John (numbering)
806:A Trembling Upon Rome
774:John is portrayed by
731:
693:, sodomy, murder and
490:power in the region.
462:University of Bologna
318:University of Bologna
5093:Sexual abuse scandal
5002:Mit brennender Sorge
4845:Age of Enlightenment
4624:Bernard of Clairvaux
4501:Byzantine Iconoclasm
4440:Council of Chalcedon
4220:Council of Jerusalem
4089:Role in civilization
4069:Religious institutes
4001:By country or region
3487:L'Osservatore Romano
3425:Role in civilisation
3151:Croatian and Serbian
2899:Episcopal conference
2861:St. Peter's Basilica
2219:Sexual abuse scandal
2175:Catholic Reformation
1204:Council of Constance
770:Fictional depictions
748:his magnificent tomb
663:Freiburg im Breisgau
632:Council of Constance
415:Council of Constance
407:Antipope Alexander V
296:Republic of Florence
67:Ulrich of Richenthal
63:Council of Constance
5342:Popes who abdicated
5274:Antipope John XXIII
4921:Papal infallibility
4911:Our Lady of Lourdes
4860:Shimabara Rebellion
4704:Counter-Reformation
3822:Neocatechumenal Way
3787:Charismatic Renewal
3501:Annuario Pontificio
3099:Particular churches
2775:Ecumenical councils
2547:Perpetual virginity
2382:Communitas perfecta
2326:Sermon on the Mount
1082:Greenblatt, Stephen
656:Swiss Confederation
616:Ladislaus of Naples
585:Ladislaus of Naples
487:Johann Peter Kirsch
455:Ladislaus of Naples
154:Antipapal claimant:
4966:Our Lady of Fátima
4755:Ignatius of Loyola
4679:Catherine of Siena
4647:Pope Boniface VIII
4466:Benedict of Nursia
4435:Council of Ephesus
4272:Ante-Nicene period
4225:Split with Judaism
4059:Crusading movement
3659:Premonstratensians
2042:Ante-Nicene period
1920:Lists of Catholics
787:The 1932 thriller
737:
593:princes of Bavaria
569:Kingdoms of Aragon
429:by Pope Martin V.
5223:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5177:COVID-19 pandemic
5155:Pope Benedict XVI
5060:Pope John Paul II
4835:Pope Benedict XIV
4821:French Revolution
4805:Thirty Years' War
4795:Robert Bellarmine
4780:John of the Cross
4684:Pope Alexander VI
4669:Council of Vienne
4599:Francis of Assisi
4589:Pope Innocent III
4458:Early Middle Ages
4452:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4390:Arian controversy
4343:
4342:
4291:Apostolic Fathers
3942:
3941:
3352:
3351:
2745:
2568:
2567:
2260:
2237:
2236:
2229:COVID-19 pandemic
2199:French Revolution
2189:Thirty Years' War
2097:Islamic conquests
2010:Apostolic fathers
1945:
1847:
1846:
1813:
1812:
1711:
1710:
1488:Early Middle Ages
1401:
1400:
1164:move back to Rome
1059:. 9 December 2016
923:978-0-7661-7904-2
776:Steven Waddington
620:Louis II of Anjou
589:Carlo I Malatesta
557:Holy Roman Empire
443:Kingdom of Naples
391:Kingdom of Naples
345:Baldassarre Cossa
342:
341:
279:Kingdom of Naples
263:Baldassarre Cossa
18:Baldassarre Cossa
16:(Redirected from
5384:
5362:Cardinal-nephews
5317:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5300:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5280:
5264:
5263:
5252:
5251:
5240:
5239:
5238:
5231:
5207:
5206:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5172:Patriarch Kirill
5045:Pope John Paul I
4850:Anti-clericalism
4830:Pope Innocent XI
4750:Society of Jesus
4735:Council of Trent
4689:Age of Discovery
4634:Late Middle Ages
4536:High Middle Ages
4526:East–West Schism
4410:Pope Sylvester I
4356:
4345:
4255:General epistles
4250:Pauline epistles
4183:John the Baptist
4166:Great Commission
4128:
4079:Catholic culture
3969:
3962:
3955:
3946:
3932:
3931:
3922:
3921:
3664:Redemptoristines
3512:Religious orders
3438:Anti-Catholicism
3388:Church buildings
3248:Catholic liturgy
2988:Consecrated life
2846:Apostolic Palace
2813:Synod of Bishops
2749:
2725:
2331:Ten Commandments
2264:
2246:
2147:Age of Discovery
1981:Great Commission
1949:
1933:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1864:
1851:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1824:
1729:
1653:
1611:Victor IV (1138)
1529:High Middle Ages
1428:
1421:
1414:
1405:
1392:
1386:
1377:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1165:
1158:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1115:
1110:
1101:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1049:
1043:
1036:Gibbon, Edward.
1034:
1028:
1021:
1015:
1007:
998:
993:
984:
977:
971:
965:
959:
953:
940:
934:
928:
927:
905:
896:
890:
825:Numbering issues
820:
819:
724:Death and burial
636:Pope Gregory XII
601:Elector Palatine
509:Pope Gregory XII
466:Pope Boniface IX
372:Pope Gregory XII
350:
331:
271:
268:
254:Personal details
238:Pope Boniface IX
234:27 February 1402
231:Created cardinal
186:Pope Gregory XII
59:
39:
21:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5316:from Wikisource
5310:
5305:
5303:
5293:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5279:sister projects
5278:
5270:
5258:
5246:
5236:
5234:
5226:
5224:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5181:
5103:World Youth Day
5081:
5070:World Youth Day
5014:Pacem in terris
5008:Pope John XXIII
4947:
4874:
4865:Edict of Nantes
4823:
4819:
4809:
4775:Teresa of Ávila
4770:Tridentine Mass
4706:
4702:
4693:
4674:Knights Templar
4628:
4530:
4486:Gregorian chant
4444:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4351:
4339:
4266:
4135:
4123:
4115:
3982:
3980:Catholic Church
3973:
3943:
3938:
3916:
3908:
3887:
3870:Relief Services
3836:
3782:Catholic Action
3772:Military orders
3709:Confraternities
3701:of the faithful
3700:
3693:
3515:
3506:
3442:
3348:
3242:
3101:
3093:
3026:Prior, Prioress
2982:
2875:
2871:Vatican Museums
2822:
2755:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2643:
2597:Social teaching
2564:
2503:
2448:
2403:One true church
2367:
2344:Sixtine Vulgate
2340:Official Bible
2254:
2250:
2245:
2233:
2151:
2083:
2028:
1998:Petrine primacy
1941:
1937:
1932:
1924:
1896:
1894:Catholic Church
1891:
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1234:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1191:Council of Pisa
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1145:
1142:
1104:
1098:
1090:. W.W. Norton.
1080:
1077:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1035:
1031:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
978:
974:
968:Greenblatt 2011
966:
962:
954:
943:
937:Greenblatt 2011
935:
931:
924:
907:
906:
899:
891:
887:
883:
865:
841:Angelo Roncalli
837:Pope John XXIII
833:
827:
818:Бальтазар Косса
772:
726:
675:
644:
555:, parts of the
537:ordained bishop
533:
517:Council of Pisa
501:
499:Council of Pisa
496:
475:Cardinal deacon
435:
403:Council of Pisa
368:Catholic Church
290:
281:
272:
269:
265:
264:
248:Cardinal-Deacon
235:
222:
209:
192:
188:
184:
182:Roman claimant:
170:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
146:Roman claimant:
134:
128:
124:
118:
111:
107:
69:
50:
47:
46:
35:
32:Pope John XXIII
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5390:
5388:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5324:
5323:
5319:
5318:
5301:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5256:
5244:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5199:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5100:
5095:
5089:
5087:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5010:
5005:
4998:
4993:
4991:Lateran Treaty
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4957:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4945:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4826:
4824:
4816:Baroque period
4814:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4785:Peter Canisius
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4760:Francis Xavier
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4724:Exsurge Domine
4720:
4715:
4709:
4707:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4664:Pope Clement V
4661:
4660:
4659:
4657:Avignon Papacy
4652:Western Schism
4649:
4644:
4642:Thomas Aquinas
4638:
4636:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4540:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4496:Saint Boniface
4493:
4488:
4483:
4481:Pope Gregory I
4478:
4473:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4420:Biblical canon
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4374:
4372:
4353:
4349:Late antiquity
4341:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4296:Pope Clement I
4286:Church Fathers
4283:
4277:
4275:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4142:
4140:
4125:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4047:Biblical canon
4042:Catholic Bible
4039:
4038:
4037:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3992:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3949:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3926:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3844:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3817:Legion of Mary
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3746:Lay Carmelites
3743:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3705:
3703:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3594:Conceptionists
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3529:Assumptionists
3525:
3523:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3362:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3252:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3231:Syro-Malankara
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3181:Italo-Albanian
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3035:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
2999:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2890:
2888:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2851:Lateran Treaty
2848:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2777:
2772:
2763:
2761:
2746:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2653:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2612:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2587:Moral theology
2584:
2578:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2417:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2405:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2377:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2346:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2270:
2268:
2261:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2172:
2161:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2102:Pope Gregory I
2099:
2093:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2074:Biblical canon
2071:
2069:Late antiquity
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2005:Church fathers
2002:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1957:
1955:
1946:
1939:Ecclesiastical
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1829:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1768:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1650:
1648:Western Schism
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:Anastasius III
1538:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1515:Constantine II
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1442:Late Antiquity
1439:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1372:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1197:
1196:
1185:
1184:
1170:
1169:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1102:
1097:978-0393343403
1096:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1044:
1029:
1016:
999:
985:
972:
970:, p. 158.
960:
941:
929:
922:
897:
895:, p. 851.
893:Levillain 2002
884:
882:
879:
878:
877:
874:Papal conclave
871:
864:
861:
829:Main article:
826:
823:
813:Baltazar Kossa
802:Richard Condon
795:Dornford Yates
771:
768:
725:
722:
674:
671:
643:
640:
532:
529:
500:
497:
495:
492:
470:Western Schism
434:
431:
364:Western Schism
340:
339:
333:
332:
325:
321:
320:
315:
309:
308:
303:
299:
298:
287:
283:
282:
273:
262:
260:
256:
255:
251:
250:
245:
241:
240:
232:
228:
227:
219:
215:
214:
206:
202:
201:
197:
196:
179:
175:
174:
143:
139:
138:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
60:
52:
51:
48:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5389:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5315:
5314:
5302:
5298:
5297:
5285:
5281:
5275:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5243:
5233:
5229:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5198:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5050:Mother Teresa
5048:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:Pope Pius XII
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4942:Rerum novarum
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4926:Pope Leo XIII
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4896:United States
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4886:Pope Pius VII
4884:
4883:
4881:
4877:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4701:
4696:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4569:Scholasticism
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4544:Pope Urban II
4542:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4533:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Justin Martyr
4318:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4269:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4231:
4230:New Testament
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4193:Commissioning
4191:
4190:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4137:Apostolic Age
4133:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4023:Papal primacy
4021:
4020:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3970:
3965:
3963:
3958:
3956:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3935:
3927:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3865:Home Missions
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3758:Saint Francis
3756:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3741:Saint Dominic
3739:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3554:Bethlehemites
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3476:Vatican Radio
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3461:Vatican Media
3459:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:List of popes
2754:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Mother of God
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2427:People of God
2425:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2415:Infallibility
2413:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Body and soul
2289:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2194:Enlightenment
2192:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:Protestantism
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2142:Scholasticism
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2127:Schism (1378)
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Schism (1054)
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1852:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
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1750:Gregory XVIII
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1670:Benedict XIII
1668:
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1381:
1374:
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1307:
1291:
1280:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1229:
1228:Benedict XIII
1220:
1205:
1192:
1178:
1177:Clement VII's
1163:
1148:
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1127:
1125:
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1103:
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894:
889:
886:
880:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
862:
860:
858:
857:Pope John XXI
854:
850:
846:
842:
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832:
824:
822:
814:
809:
807:
803:
798:
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769:
767:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
734:
730:
723:
721:
719:
715:
714:Benedict XIII
710:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:Edward Gibbon
680:
672:
670:
668:
664:
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637:
633:
629:
628:Imperial City
625:
621:
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471:
467:
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458:
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448:
444:
440:
432:
430:
428:
424:
420:
419:Pope Martin V
416:
412:
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404:
400:
396:
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387:
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377:
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176:
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162:Benedict XIII
159:
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136:Benedict XIII
133:
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127:
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117:
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100:
96:
92:
84:
76:
72:
68:
64:
58:
53:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5332:1370s births
5311:
5299:from Commons
5294:
5273:
5254:Christianity
5164:
5160:Pope Francis
5086:21st century
5035:Pope Paul VI
5012:
5000:
4953:20th century
4940:
4891:Pope Pius IX
4879:19th century
4855:Pope Pius VI
4722:
4594:Latin Empire
4564:Universities
4516:Pope Leo III
4383:Christianity
4368:state church
4360:Great Church
4161:Resurrection
4124:(30–325/476)
4121:Early Church
4106:Latin Church
4101:Papal States
4096:Vatican City
3904:Universities
3736:Third orders
3699:Associations
3689:Visitandines
3684:Trinitarians
3634:Mercedarians
3619:Hieronymites
3564:Camaldoleses
3549:Benedictines
3539:Augustinians
3499:
3492:
3485:
3466:Vatican News
3420:Distinctions
3226:Syro-Malabar
3111:Latin Church
3033:Grand master
2931:Metropolitan
2828:Vatican City
2723:Organisation
2602:Philosophers
2467:Confirmation
2444:In canon law
2438:Subsistit in
2436:
2432:Three states
2419:
2380:
2373:Ecclesiology
2355:Nova Vulgata
2353:
2311:Original sin
2306:Nicene Creed
2296:Divine grace
2255:
2137:Universities
2107:Papal States
2034:Great Church
1976:Resurrection
1953:Early Church
1777:Gregory XVII
1740:Gregory XVII
1702:
1680:Benedict XIV
1675:Clement VIII
1631:Innocent III
1606:Anacletus II
1601:Celestine II
1596:Gregory VIII
1591:Sylvester IV
1551:Boniface VII
1305:
1261:Innocent VII
1106:
1086:
1061:. Retrieved
1056:
1047:
1037:
1032:
1024:
1019:
1011:
980:
975:
963:
939:, Chapter 7.
932:
913:
888:
876:(since 1274)
848:
844:
834:
812:
810:
805:
799:
790:Safe Custody
788:
786:
779:
773:
764:
745:
738:
711:
676:
660:
645:
613:
534:
502:
479:Papal legate
459:
436:
395:papal legate
388:
359:
344:
343:
324:Coat of arms
218:Consecration
189:
181:
165:
157:
153:
145:
129:
119:
112:
101:
90:Papacy ended
82:Papacy began
36:
5337:1419 deaths
5266:Catholicism
5166:Laudato si'
4961:Pope Pius X
4790:Philip Neri
4765:Pope Pius V
4740:Thomas More
4609:Inquisition
4511:Charlemagne
4471:Monasticism
4281:Persecution
4173:Holy Spirit
4156:Crucifixion
4035:First seven
3894:Health care
3880:Pax Christi
3832:Schoenstatt
3797:Sant'Egidio
3629:Legionaries
3609:Franciscans
3584:Cistercians
3579:Carthusians
3534:Annonciades
3393:Altarpieces
3286:West Syriac
3281:East Syriac
3261:Alexandrian
2885:Holy orders
2866:Swiss Guard
2806:Dicasteries
2801:Roman Curia
2699:Evangelists
2657:Holy Family
2592:Personalism
2582:Natural law
2560:Josephology
2494:Holy orders
2132:Inquisition
2089:Middle Ages
2079:Monasticism
2047:Constantine
1971:Crucifixion
1698:Alexander V
1665:Clement VII
1621:Paschal III
1576:Clement III
1571:Honorius II
1546:Christopher
1290:Alexander V
1270:Gregory XII
1252:Boniface IX
1219:Clement VII
1063:24 December
609:Medici Bank
521:Alexander V
376:Saint Peter
270: 1365
221:25 May 1410
208:24 May 1410
150:Gregory XII
126:Alexander V
109:Gregory XII
98:Predecessor
93:29 May 1415
85:25 May 1410
77:17 May 1410
5326:Categories
5039:coronation
4745:Pope Leo X
4330:Tertullian
4260:Revelation
4235:Background
3649:Oratorians
3604:Dominicans
3574:Carmelites
3569:Camillians
3517:institutes
3330:Tridentine
3266:Antiochian
3186:Macedonian
3131:Belarusian
3021:Provincial
2936:Archbishop
2856:Roman Rota
2818:Properties
2743:By country
2739:Precedence
2704:Confessors
2684:Archangels
2674:Patriarchs
2574:Philosophy
2552:Veneration
2517:Assumption
2487:Last rites
2454:Sacraments
2398:Four marks
2209:Vatican II
2157:Modern era
1993:Succession
1805:Michael II
1772:Clement XV
1725:Modern era
1703:John XXIII
1636:Nicholas V
1566:Benedict X
1561:Gregory VI
1495:Laurentius
1454:Hippolytus
1306:John XXIII
1162:Gregory XI
881:References
845:John XXIII
756:Michelozzo
703:Heidelberg
673:Deposition
433:Early life
382:, who was
360:John XXIII
313:Alma mater
205:Ordination
178:Opposed to
167:Florentine
158:Avignonian
131:Avignonian
49:John XXIII
5352:Antipopes
5242:Biography
5055:Communism
5025:Ecumenism
4371:(380–451)
4363:(180–451)
4352:(313–476)
4274:(100–325)
3890:See also:
3842:Charities
3751:Discalced
3679:Trappists
3674:Theatines
3644:Olivetans
3589:Clarisses
3559:Blue nuns
3544:Basilians
3521:societies
3429:See also:
3315:Mozarabic
3305:Ambrosian
3291:Malankara
3276:Byzantine
3236:Ukrainian
3211:Ruthenian
3176:Hungarian
3161:Ethiopian
3136:Bulgarian
3103:sui iuris
3087:Postulant
2996:Religious
2951:Auxiliary
2946:Coadjutor
2916:Patriarch
2784:Cardinals
2731:Canon law
2727:Hierarchy
2709:Disciples
2632:Relations
2620:Evolution
2611:See also:
2556:See also:
2509:Mariology
2499:Matrimony
2472:Eucharist
2393:Ecumenism
2321:Salvation
2257:Catechism
2252:Tradition
2214:Communism
2062:Chalcedon
1800:Pius XIII
1795:Michael I
1755:Peter III
1733:Palmarian
1581:Theodoric
1536:John VIII
1500:Dioscorus
1474:Ursicinus
1464:Heraclius
1435:Antipopes
849:John XXIV
752:Donatello
624:Sigismund
597:Louis III
505:cardinals
485:in 1403.
142:Successor
116:claimant:
114:Antipapal
105:claimant:
5065:HIV/AIDS
4559:Crusades
4313:Irenaeus
4306:Ignatius
4301:Polycarp
4151:Ministry
4139:(30–100)
4013:Timeline
3934:Category
3827:Opus Dei
3812:Scouting
3802:Focolare
3669:Servites
3654:Piarists
3599:Crosiers
3335:Anglican
3271:Armenian
3201:Romanian
3191:Maronite
3166:Georgian
3156:Eritrean
3141:Chaldean
3126:Armenian
3121:Albanian
3002:Superior
2961:Emeritus
2941:Diocesan
2794:Advisers
2753:Holy See
2679:Prophets
2637:Politics
2408:Catholic
2388:Councils
2243:Theology
2122:Crusades
2057:Nicaea I
1988:Apostles
1966:Ministry
1935:Timeline
1915:Glossary
1827:Category
1745:Peter II
1586:Adalbert
1556:John XVI
1505:Theodore
1479:Eulalius
1469:Felix II
1459:Novatian
1449:Natalius
1279:Martin V
1243:Urban VI
1084:(2011).
863:See also
718:Martin V
707:Mannheim
581:Scotland
563:and the
553:Portugal
356:antipope
292:Florence
223:by
210:by
44:Antipope
5228:Portals
5030:Judaism
4430:Vulgate
4240:Gospels
4215:Stephen
4132:Origins
4052:Vulgate
3988:General
3978:of the
3976:History
3899:Schools
3855:Caritas
3763:Secular
3729:Workers
3624:Jesuits
3410:Museums
3405:Library
3383:Writers
3378:Artists
3358:Culture
3325:Paul VI
3206:Russian
3196:Melkite
3038:Brother
3016:General
2956:Titular
2926:Primate
2904:Eparchy
2894:Diocese
2841:Outline
2780:College
2770:Francis
2714:Virgins
2689:Martyrs
2615:Science
2522:History
2477:Penance
2462:Baptism
2363:Worship
2336:Vulgate
2284:Kingdom
2279:Trinity
2267:General
2022:Primacy
1930:History
1910:Outline
1716:Felix V
1657:Avignon
1510:Paschal
1380:Avignon
1075:Sources
853:John XX
758:in the
654:to the
573:Castile
549:Bohemia
545:England
483:Romagna
441:in the
439:Procida
399:Romagna
275:Procida
172:Felix V
74:Elected
4996:Nazism
4818:to the
4425:Jerome
4335:Origen
4018:Papacy
3777:Fimcap
3719:Marian
3639:Minims
3371:Marian
3221:Syriac
3216:Slovak
3146:Coptic
3082:Oblate
3077:Master
3072:Novice
3067:Hermit
3055:Sister
3011:Abbess
2978:Deacon
2973:Priest
2968:Parish
2911:Bishop
2881:Polity
2667:Joseph
2649:Saints
2316:Saints
2204:Nazism
1520:Philip
1393:= Pisa
1391:
1387:= Rome
1385:
1376:
1094:
920:
804:wrote
695:incest
687:piracy
679:simony
652:Aargau
605:Poland
591:, the
577:Sicily
561:Venice
541:France
525:papacy
451:piracy
423:schism
366:. The
302:Buried
200:Orders
5313:Texts
5296:Media
5098:Islam
4366:Roman
4325:Canon
4198:Peter
4146:Jesus
3875:CIDSE
3724:Youth
3448:Media
3415:Music
3340:Zaire
3320:Roman
3310:Braga
3300:Latin
3171:Greek
3043:Friar
3007:Abbot
2921:Major
2836:Index
2735:Laity
2301:Dogma
2248:Bible
2224:Islam
2180:Trent
1961:Jesus
1943:Legal
1905:Index
353:Pisan
121:Pisan
103:Roman
5148:2023
5143:2019
5138:2016
5133:2013
5128:2011
5123:2008
5118:2005
5113:2002
5108:2000
5075:1995
4245:Acts
4208:Paul
4203:John
4178:Mary
3400:Folk
3048:Monk
2789:List
2767:Pope
2662:Mary
1690:Pisa
1366:1416
1360:1411
1354:1406
1348:1401
1342:1396
1336:1391
1330:1386
1324:1381
1318:1376
1092:ISBN
1065:2016
918:ISBN
754:and
705:and
691:rape
579:and
286:Died
259:Born
244:Rank
4134:and
4084:Art
3714:Lay
3366:Art
3060:Nun
2782:of
2274:God
847:or
793:by
750:by
481:in
453:by
397:in
358:as
236:by
65:by
5328::
3519:,
3009:,
1378:=
1055:.
1002:^
988:^
944:^
912:.
900:^
784:.
709:.
689:,
658:.
599:,
595:,
587:,
575:,
571:,
551:,
547:,
543:,
527:.
457:.
349:c.
294:,
277:,
267:c.
5282::
5230::
5041:)
5037:(
3968:e
3961:t
3954:v
3514:,
2998::
2887:)
2883:(
2760:)
2756:(
1886:e
1879:t
1872:v
1427:e
1420:t
1413:v
1364:│
1358:│
1352:│
1346:│
1340:│
1334:│
1328:│
1322:│
1316:│
1294:→
1199:↓
1187:↓
1172:↱
1157:↓
1137:e
1130:t
1123:v
1100:.
1067:.
926:.
815:(
735:.
347:(
34:.
20:)
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