905:. He argues that the "hidden" nature of modern nationalism makes it a very powerful ideology, partially because it remains largely unexamined and unchallenged, yet remains the basis for powerful political movements, and most political violence in the world today. Banal nationalism should not be thought of as a weak form of nationalism, but the basis for "dangerous nationalisms". However, in earlier times, calls to the "nation" were not as important, when religion, monarchy or family might have been invoked more successfully to mobilize action. He also uses the concept to dispute
31:
833:
842:
756:
817:'s 1995 book of the same name and is intended to be understood critically. Billig's book has been described as 'the fourth most cited work on nationalism ever published'. Billig devised the concept of 'banal nationalism' to highlight the routine and often unnoticed ways that established nation-states are reproduced from day to day. The concept has been highly influential, particularly within the discipline of
896:
in the 1980s and 1990s obscured the strength of contemporary nationalism, by implying that nationalism was a fringe ideology rather than a dominant theme in contemporary political culture. Billig noted the almost unspoken assumption of the utmost importance of the nation in political discourse of the
836:
Institutions like
Yosemite National Park could be interpreted as an effective form of banal nationalism: an originally natural geographic phenomenon is actively delimited, institutionalized and styled as an item of national importance by political act. This way, the abstract idea of America becomes
887:
Michael Billig's primary purpose in coining the term was to clearly differentiate everyday, regular nationalism from extremist variants. He argued that the academic and journalistic focus on extreme nationalists,
42:
manufactured in the 1980s. Subtle references to the nation like these can be examples of banal nationalism, instilling a sense of pride through everyday items without overt proclamations of love for one's
865:, symbols on money, popular expressions and turns of phrase, patriotic clubs, the use of implied togetherness in the national press, for example, the use of terms such as
1091:
786:
877:
team, and divisions into "domestic" and "international" news. Many of these symbols are most effective because of their constant repetition, and almost
1013:
Koch, Nathalie; Anssi Paasi (September 2016). "Banal
Nationalism 20 years on: Re-thinking, re-formulating and re-contextualizing the concept".
1190:
846:
1617:
948:
821:, with continued academic interest since the book's publication in 1995. Today the term is used primarily in academic discussion of
779:
535:
1087:
1688:
1427:
1056:
Penrose, Jan (November 2011). "Designing the nation. Banknotes, banal nationalism and alternative conceptions of the state".
76:
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30:
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1304:
841:
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101:
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1733:
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671:
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419:
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209:
1452:
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126:
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91:
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283:
146:
96:
86:
81:
933:
1765:
1738:
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985:
Everyday
Nationhood: theorising culture, identity and belonging after Banal Nationalism
906:
814:
576:
298:
136:
755:
1782:
1545:
1258:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1083:
850:
601:
492:
131:
111:
106:
39:
27:
Everyday representations of a nation that build a sense of shared national belonging
1728:
1643:
1238:
910:
881:
nature. Banal nationalism is often created via state institutions such as schools.
723:
551:
174:
141:
116:
35:
1069:
1026:
853:
is one of the most overt forms of banal nationalism – most are less obvious.
17:
1698:
1199:
826:
646:
636:
475:
59:
1760:
893:
889:
740:
708:
661:
320:
189:
179:
169:
857:
Examples of banal nationalism include the use of flags in everyday contexts,
1555:
1462:
621:
1703:
1526:
914:
898:
735:
718:
651:
431:
1562:
1482:
470:
397:
1509:
803:
703:
485:
480:
68:
829:, and the nature of nationalism in contemporary political culture.
840:
831:
29:
1172:
1168:
1088:"The banal nationalism of intercultural communication advice"
884:
It can contribute to bottom-up processes of nation-building.
897:
time, for example in the calls to protect Kuwait during the
1107:"Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know"
1042:
Sophie
Duchesne, 'Who's afraid of Banal Nationalism',
1631:
1610:
1282:
1206:
913:is in decline, noting particularly the continued
1184:
780:
8:
1105:Mylonas, Harris; Tudor, Maya (11 May 2021).
813:The term is derived from English academic,
1191:
1177:
1169:
1038:
1036:
987:. 2017, London: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 1.
901:, or to take action in the U.S. after the
787:
773:
46:
1122:
802:refers to everyday representations of a
963:
58:
1008:
1006:
1124:10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841
7:
1111:Annual Review of Political Science
983:Michael Skey and Marco Antonsich,
939:. SAGE Publications Ltd. pp.
25:
1618:List of nationalist organizations
1094:from the original on 12 May 2017.
536:List of nationalist organizations
806:, which build a sense of shared
754:
931:Billig, Michael (August 1995).
1689:Historiography and nationalism
627:Historiography and nationalism
77:Nationalism in the Middle Ages
1:
1389:Palingenetic ultranationalism
719:Seasonal or cultural festival
1070:10.1016/j.polgeo.2011.09.007
1027:10.1016/j.polgeo.2016.06.002
1000:. 1995, London: Sage, p. 6.
974:. 1995, London: Sage, p. 6.
562:Anti-globalization movement
1805:
1749:Principle of nationalities
1145:Wade, Lisa (4 July 2014).
837:tangible in ordinary life.
692:Principle of nationalities
1639:Anarchism and nationalism
1568:List of fascist movements
1349:Constitutional patriotism
269:Constitutional patriotism
1046:, 2018, 24, pp. 841-856.
1044:Nations and Nationalism
1684:Gender and nationalism
854:
838:
617:Gender and nationalism
44:
1714:National indifference
844:
835:
667:National indifference
33:
1659:Cultural nationalism
1551:National syndicalist
919:American nationalism
903:September 11 attacks
847:Pledge of Allegiance
592:Cultural nationalism
461:National syndicalist
1734:Nationalism studies
1152:Sociological Images
1147:"Banal Nationalism"
1058:Political Geography
1015:Political Geography
819:political geography
761:Politics portal
714:Right-wing populism
672:Nationalism studies
855:
839:
823:identity formation
632:Imagined community
466:National Bolshevik
185:Self-determination
45:
1774:
1773:
1719:National question
1679:Gastronationalism
1664:Diaspora politics
1654:Banal nationalism
1623:Nationalist Clubs
998:Banal Nationalism
972:Banal Nationalism
935:Banal Nationalism
808:national identity
800:Banal nationalism
797:
796:
612:Gastronationalism
597:Diaspora politics
572:Banal nationalism
18:Banal Nationalism
16:(Redirected from
1796:
1757:
1744:Plurinationalism
1724:National revival
1694:Internationalism
1649:Anti-nationalism
1632:Related concepts
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996:Michael Billig,
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970:Michael Billig,
968:
954:
938:
909:claims that the
869:prime minister,
789:
782:
775:
759:
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700:
682:Plurinationalism
642:Internationalism
582:Communitarianism
567:Anti-imperialism
557:Anti-nationalism
546:Related concepts
47:
21:
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1709:Nation-building
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1086:(12 May 2017).
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925:Further reading
892:movements, and
859:sporting events
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587:Cosmopolitanism
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1117:(1): 109–132.
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1084:Piller, Ingrid
1075:
1064:(8): 429–440.
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1032:
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989:
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962:
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907:post-modernist
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863:national songs
815:Michael Billig
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1546:Ethnocacerism
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1541:Revolutionary
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851:United States
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602:Ethnocentrism
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48:
41:
40:cassette deck
37:
32:
19:
1776:
1729:Nation state
1653:
1644:Anationalism
1384:Expansionist
1156:. Retrieved
1150:
1140:
1130:27 September
1128:. Retrieved
1114:
1110:
1100:
1078:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1043:
1018:
1014:
997:
992:
984:
979:
971:
966:
934:
911:nation-state
890:independence
886:
883:
856:
812:
799:
798:
724:Subsidiarity
571:
552:Anationalism
311:Expansionist
175:Independence
36:West Germany
1789:Nationalism
1752: [
1699:Irredentism
1587:Territorial
1207:Development
1200:Nationalism
827:geopolitics
695: [
647:Irredentism
637:Imperialism
510:Territorial
476:Legionarism
164:Core values
60:Nationalism
1761:Revanchism
1418:Linguistic
1364:Ecological
1158:16 October
959:References
894:xenophobes
879:subliminal
741:Xenophobia
709:Revanchism
662:Militarism
321:Indigenism
316:Homosexual
284:Ecological
190:Solidarity
180:Patriotism
170:Allegiance
1592:Terrorism
1556:Falangism
1495:Christian
1490:Religious
1411:Communist
1406:Left-wing
1354:Corporate
1344:Communist
1305:Bourgeois
1295:Anarchist
917:power of
915:hegemonic
873:weather,
622:Globalism
607:Francoism
410:Christian
405:Religious
331:Left-wing
274:Corporate
264:Communist
225:Bourgeois
215:Anarchist
34:"Made in
1783:Category
1704:Jingoism
1577:Romantic
1536:Resource
1527:Hindutva
1505:Clerico-
1500:Catholic
1443:Populist
1401:Integral
1379:European
1369:Economic
1327:American
1310:Business
1274:Treasure
1249:Language
1244:Identity
1092:Archived
899:Gulf War
736:Trumpism
677:Nativism
657:Localism
652:Jingoism
500:Romantic
451:Resource
432:Hindutva
420:Clerical
415:Catholic
376:Japanese
335:populism
326:Integral
306:European
289:Economic
247:American
230:Business
152:Treasure
127:Language
122:Identity
52:a series
50:Part of
43:country.
1563:Fascism
1517:Islamic
1483:Zionism
1315:Welfare
1290:African
1283:By type
1219:Colours
1021:: 1–6.
849:in the
471:Fascism
398:Zionism
341:Musical
235:Welfare
210:African
92:Colours
71:forming
38:" on a
1602:Ultra-
1597:Trans-
1510:Mormon
1473:Korean
1463:Berber
1453:Racial
1423:Mystic
1374:Ethnic
1359:Cyber-
1332:French
1269:Symbol
1229:Flower
1214:Anthem
947:
804:nation
704:Racism
520:Ultra-
515:Trans-
486:Rexism
481:Nazism
439:Muslim
388:Korean
361:Racial
346:Mystic
294:Ethnic
279:Cyber-
252:French
147:Symbol
102:Father
97:Emblem
87:Church
82:Anthem
69:Nation
1756:]
1522:Hindu
1478:White
1468:Black
1448:Queer
1396:Homo-
1337:Irish
1322:Civic
1300:Blind
1264:Sport
1254:Music
699:]
687:Post-
427:Hindu
393:White
381:ShĹŤwa
371:Black
257:Irish
242:Civic
220:Blind
203:Types
142:State
137:Sport
1458:Arab
1438:Neo-
1433:Pan-
1259:Myth
1234:Epic
1224:Flag
1160:2019
1132:2021
945:ISBN
845:The
444:Sikh
366:Arab
356:Pan-
351:Neo-
132:Myth
112:Epic
107:Flag
1428:New
1239:God
1119:doi
1066:doi
1023:doi
941:208
875:our
871:the
867:the
117:God
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1754:fr
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