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210:) stack bars on top of each other so that the height of the resulting stack shows the combined result. Unlike a grouped bar chart where each factor is displayed next to another, each with their own bar, the stacked bar chart displays multiple data points stacked in a single row or column. This may, for instance, take the form of uniform height bars charting a
199:, for each categorical group there are two or more bars color-coded to represent a particular grouping. For example, a business owner with two stores might make a grouped bar chart with different colored bars to represent each store: the horizontal axis would show the months of the year and the vertical axis would show revenue.
341:
Can handle large amounts of data: Bar charts can handle large amounts of data and still provide a clear representation of the information. The bars can be made narrow or wide to fit a large number of categories or data points, and the use of color or patterns can make it easier to distinguish between
183:
Bar charts have a discrete domain of categories, and are usually scaled so that all the data can fit on the chart. When there is no natural ordering of the categories being compared, bars on the chart may be arranged in any order. Bar charts arranged from highest to lowest incidence are called Pareto
214:
with internal stacked colours indicating the percentage participation of a sub-type of data. Another example would be a time series displaying total numbers, with internal colors indicating participation in the total by sub-types. Stacked bar charts are not suited to data sets having both positive
179:
Bar graphs/charts provide a visual presentation of categorical data. Categorical data is a grouping of data into discrete groups, such as months of the year, age group, shoe sizes, and animals. These categories are usually qualitative. In a column (vertical) bar chart, categories appear along the
360:
Limited use for continuous data: Bar charts are not useful for displaying continuous data, such as temperature or time. For continuous data, a line chart or scatter plot may be more appropriate. Bar charts of continuous data with error bars are sometimes referred to as dynamite
337:
Easy to read and interpret: Bar charts are easy to read and interpret, even for people without a background in statistics or data visualization. The bars make it easy to compare values and see trends, making it a useful tool for communicating information to a wide range of
371:
May be misleading: Bar charts can be misleading if the scale is not appropriate or if the data is presented in a way that is designed to mislead the viewer. For example, if the y-axis is truncated, the differences between the bars may appear larger than they actually
345:
Customizable: Bar charts can be customized to suit the needs of the user. For example, the color, width, and height of the bars can be adjusted to make the chart more visually appealing, and labels and annotations can be added to provide additional
79:. One axis of the chart shows the specific categories being compared, and the other axis represents a measured value. Some bar graphs present bars clustered in groups of more than one, showing the values of more than one measured variable.
349:
Useful for comparing values: Bar charts are particularly useful for comparing values between categories or data points. They allow for quick identification of differences and similarities, making it easy to draw conclusions and make
375:
Limited scope for multivariate data: Bar charts can only display one or two variables at a time, making them less useful for displaying multivariate data. In such cases, a scatter plot or heat map may be more
364:
Limited use for small sample sizes: Bar charts may not be useful for displaying small sample sizes, as the bars may not accurately represent the data. In such cases, a
218:
Grouped bar charts usually present the information in the same order in each grouping. Stacked bar charts present the information in the same sequence on each bar.
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proportional to the values that they represent. The bars can be plotted vertically or horizontally. A vertical bar chart is sometimes called a
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Bar graphs can also be used for more complex comparisons of data with grouped (or "clustered") bar charts, and stacked bar charts.
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to be the first bar chart in history. Diagrams of the velocity of a constantly accelerating object against time published in
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Exports and
Imports of Scotland to and from different parts for one Year from Christmas 1780 to Christmas 1781
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681:"Dynamite plots in surgical research over 10 years: a meta-study using machine-learning analysis"
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Roles of the vertical and horizontal axes may be reversed, depending on the desired application.
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Replacing bar graphs of continuous data with more informative graphics: Are we making progress?
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Arithmetically, the area of each bar (rectangle) is determined a product of sides' lengths:
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horizontal axis and the height of the bar corresponds to the value of each category.
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468:; Robyn, Dorothy L. (1978), "Quantitative Graphics in Statistics: A Brief History",
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Riedel, Nico; Schulz, Robert; Kazezian, Vartan; Weissgerber, Tracey (2022-03-15).
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724:(directory of graphing software and online tools; many can handle bar charts)
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261:(bar) charts, are bar charts having bars with non-uniform widths. Generally:
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Example of a grouped (clustered) bar chart, one with horizontal bars.
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107:) about 300 years before can be interpreted as "proto bar charts".
557:"Data Visualization: A Guide to Visual Storytelling for Libraries"
225:
36:
30:"Bargraph" redirects here. For electronic bargraph displays, see
818:
443:
Nicole Oresme and the
Medieval Geometry of Qualities and Motions
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Bars represent quantities with respective rectangles of areas
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247:* total emissions for that country (rectangle area = product
103:(attributed to Jacobus de Sancto Martino or, perhaps, to
445:, Madison: Univ. of Wisconsin Press, pp. 85â99,
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Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH)
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324:Examples of variable-width bar charts are shown at
91:(1759-1824) to have invented the bar chart and the
660:(Report). Scientific Communication and Education.
610:Data visualization : a practical introduction
257:Variable-width bar charts, sometimes abbreviated
138:A vertical stacked bar chart with negative values
126:A vertical stacked bar chart with positive values
505:A Handbook of Statistical Graphics Using SAS ODS
2188:Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)
743:
679:Doggett, Thomas J; Way, Connor (2024-01-08).
8:
241:* per-person CO2 emissions 1990-2018 (along
235:* countries' respective populations (along
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641:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
561:Journal of the Medical Library Association
403:, similar appearance - for continuous data
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533:The Humongous Book of Statistics Problems
416:To include bar charts in Knowledge, see
476:(1), Taylor & Francis, Ltd.: 1â11,
430:
2714:KaplanâMeier estimator (product limit)
634:
531:Kelley, W. M.; Donnelly, R. A. (2009)
502:Der, Geoff; Everitt, Brian S. (2014).
7:
3024:
2724:Accelerated failure time (AFT) model
602:
600:
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527:
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368:or box plot may be more appropriate.
72:A bar graph shows comparisons among
3036:
2319:Analysis of variance (ANOVA, anova)
233:Variable-width bar chart relating:
2414:CochranâMantelâHaenszel statistics
1040:Pearson product-moment correlation
387:Data and information visualization
97:The Commercial and Political Atlas
53:is a chart or graph that presents
25:
3035:
3023:
3011:
2998:
2997:
168:A vertical, grouped (clustered)
161:
149:
131:
119:
3064:Statistical charts and diagrams
2673:Least-squares spectral analysis
188:Grouped (clustered) and stacked
1654:Mean-unbiased minimum-variance
482:10.1080/00031305.1978.10479235
289:â horizontal-axis quantities (
197:grouped (clustered) bar charts
156:A horizontal stacked bar chart
1:
2967:Geographic information system
2183:Simultaneous equations models
607:Healy, Kieran Joseph (2019).
555:Reid, Nathalie (2018-01-12).
2150:Coefficient of determination
1761:Uniformly most powerful test
685:Postgraduate Medical Journal
535:. New York, NY: Alpha Books
394:to use in office suites, as
282:â vertical-axis quantities (
2719:Proportional hazards models
2663:Spectral density estimation
2645:Vector autoregression (VAR)
2079:Maximum posterior estimator
1311:Randomized controlled trial
57:with rectangular bars with
3080:
2479:Multivariate distributions
899:Average absolute deviation
508:. Chapman and Hall - CRC.
29:
2993:
2796:
2783:
2467:Structural equation model
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2121:
2097:
1829:
1803:Score/Lagrange multiplier
1409:
1396:
1218:Sample size determination
1179:
1166:
796:
783:
765:
666:10.1101/2022.03.14.484206
613:. Princeton, New Jersey.
470:The American Statistician
222:Variable-width (variwide)
2962:Environmental statistics
2484:Elliptical distributions
2277:Generalized linear model
2206:Simple linear regression
1976:HodgesâLehmann estimator
1433:Probability distribution
1342:Stochastic approximation
904:Coefficient of variation
392:Enhanced Metafile Format
2622:Cross-correlation (XCF)
2230:Non-standard predictors
1664:LehmannâScheffĂ© theorem
1337:Adaptive clinical trial
3018:Mathematics portal
2839:Engineering statistics
2747:NelsonâAalen estimator
2324:Analysis of covariance
2211:Ordinary least squares
2135:Pearson product-moment
1539:Statistical functional
1450:Empirical distribution
1283:Controlled experiments
1012:Frequency distribution
790:Descriptive statistics
693:10.1093/postmj/qgad134
418:Extension:EasyTimeline
254:
87:Many sources consider
42:
2934:Population statistics
2876:System identification
2610:Autocorrelation (ACF)
2538:Exponential smoothing
2452:Discriminant analysis
2447:Canonical correlation
2311:Partition of variance
2173:Regression validation
2017:(JonckheereâTerpstra)
1916:Likelihood-ratio test
1605:Frequentist inference
1517:Locationâscale family
1438:Sampling distribution
1403:Statistical inference
1370:Cross-sectional study
1357:Observational studies
1316:Randomized experiment
1145:Stem-and-leaf display
947:Central limit theorem
573:10.5195/jmla.2018.346
229:
215:and negative values.
101:The Latitude of Forms
40:
2857:Probabilistic design
2442:Principal components
2285:Exponential families
2237:Nonlinear regression
2216:General linear model
2178:Mixed effects models
2168:Errors and residuals
2145:Confounding variable
2047:Bayesian probability
2025:Van der Waerden test
2015:Ordered alternative
1780:Multiple comparisons
1659:RaoâBlackwellization
1622:Estimating equations
1578:Statistical distance
1296:Factorial experiment
829:Arithmetic-Geometric
269:that are respective
208:Composite bar charts
2929:Official statistics
2852:Methods engineering
2533:Seasonal adjustment
2301:Poisson regressions
2221:Bayesian regression
2160:Regression analysis
2140:Partial correlation
2112:Regression analysis
1711:Prediction interval
1706:Likelihood interval
1696:Confidence interval
1688:Interval estimation
1649:Unbiased estimators
1467:Model specification
1347:Up-and-down designs
1035:Partial correlation
991:Index of dispersion
909:Interquartile range
273:of related pairs of
271:arithmetic products
2949:Spatial statistics
2829:Medical statistics
2729:First hitting time
2683:Whittle likelihood
2334:Degrees of freedom
2329:Multivariate ANOVA
2262:Heteroscedasticity
2074:Bayesian estimator
2039:Bayesian inference
1888:KolmogorovâSmirnov
1773:Randomization test
1743:Testing hypotheses
1716:Tolerance interval
1627:Maximum likelihood
1522:Exponential family
1455:Density estimation
1415:Statistical theory
1375:Natural experiment
1321:Scientific control
1238:Survey methodology
924:Standard deviation
255:
253:of sides' lengths)
204:Stacked bar charts
43:
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2924:National accounts
2894:Actuarial science
2886:Social statistics
2779:
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2706:Survival function
2691:
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2553:Granger causality
2394:Contingency table
2369:Survival analysis
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2198:Linear regression
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2064:Credible interval
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1816:
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1632:Method of moments
1501:Parametric family
1462:Statistical model
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1306:Random assignment
1228:Statistical power
1162:
1161:
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1007:Contingency table
977:
976:
844:Generalized/power
620:978-0-691-18161-5
515:978-1-584-88784-3
466:Beniger, James R.
439:Clagett, Marshall
326:Wikimedia Commons
16:(Redirected from
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2548:Structural break
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2457:Cluster analysis
2404:Log-linear model
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2267:Homoscedasticity
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2001:(KruskalâWallis)
1986:
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1926:Cross validation
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1893:AndersonâDarling
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1798:Likelihood-ratio
1790:Parametric tests
1768:Permutation test
1751:1- & 2-tails
1642:Minimum distance
1614:Point estimation
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1561:Optimal decision
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1380:Quasi-experiment
1330:Adaptive designs
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1948:Rank statistics
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2391:
2385:
2383:
2373:
2372:
2355:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2247:Semiparametric
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2012:
2004:
1988:
1985:(MannâWhitney)
1980:
1979:
1978:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1952:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1918:
1913:
1910:(ShapiroâWilk)
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1842:
1830:
1824:
1822:Specific tests
1818:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1618:
1616:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1419:
1417:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1287:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1273:Standard error
1270:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1242:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1203:Optimal design
1200:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1076:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1003:
1001:
1000:Summary tables
997:
996:
994:
993:
987:
985:
979:
978:
975:
974:
972:
971:
970:
969:
964:
959:
949:
943:
941:
935:
934:
932:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
895:
893:
887:
886:
884:
883:
878:
873:
872:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
834:Contraharmonic
831:
826:
815:
813:
804:
794:
793:
788:
781:
780:
778:
777:
772:
766:
763:
762:
757:
755:
754:
747:
740:
732:
726:
725:
713:
712:External links
710:
707:
706:
671:
648:
619:
596:
544:
521:
514:
494:
457:
451:
429:
428:
426:
423:
422:
421:
414:
409:
404:
398:
389:
382:
379:
378:
377:
373:
369:
362:
356:
353:
352:
351:
347:
343:
339:
333:
330:
319:
318:
317:
316:
304:
303:
299:
298:
297:
296:
295:
294:
287:
275:
274:
223:
220:
189:
186:
167:
160:
159:
155:
148:
147:
146:
145:
144:
137:
130:
129:
125:
118:
117:
116:
115:
114:
112:
109:
84:
81:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3076:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3044:
3043:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3005:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2972:Geostatistics
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2939:Psychometrics
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2802:Biostatistics
2799:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2764:
2763:Log-rank test
2761:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2634:(BoxâJenkins)
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:DurbinâWatson
2585:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2569:DickeyâFuller
2567:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2543:Cointegration
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2518:Decomposition
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:Cohen's kappa
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Nonparametric
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1991:Nonparametric
1989:
1987:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1961:Sample median
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1566:loss function
1564:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1268:Questionnaire
1266:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1095:Control chart
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1002:
998:
992:
989:
988:
986:
984:
980:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
954:
953:
950:
948:
945:
944:
942:
940:
936:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
894:
892:
888:
882:
879:
877:
874:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
820:
817:
816:
814:
812:
808:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
786:
782:
776:
773:
771:
768:
767:
764:
760:
753:
748:
746:
741:
739:
734:
733:
730:
723:
719:
716:
715:
711:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
675:
672:
667:
663:
659:
652:
649:
644:
638:
630:
626:
622:
616:
612:
611:
603:
601:
597:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
551:
549:
545:
542:
538:
534:
528:
526:
522:
517:
511:
507:
506:
498:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
461:
458:
454:
452:0-299-04880-2
448:
444:
440:
434:
431:
424:
419:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
402:
399:
397:
396:MS PowerPoint
393:
390:
388:
385:
384:
380:
374:
370:
367:
363:
359:
358:
354:
348:
344:
340:
336:
335:
331:
329:
327:
322:
314:
308:
307:
306:
305:
301:
300:
292:
288:
285:
281:
280:
279:
278:
277:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:
262:
260:
252:
244:
238:
232:
228:
221:
219:
216:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
193:
187:
185:
181:
171:
164:
152:
134:
122:
110:
108:
106:
105:Nicole Oresme
102:
98:
94:
90:
82:
80:
78:
75:
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
39:
33:
27:Type of chart
19:
3040:
3028:
3009:
3002:
2914:Econometrics
2864: /
2847:Chemometrics
2824:Epidemiology
2817: /
2790:Applications
2632:ARIMA model
2579:Q-statistic
2528:Stationarity
2424:Multivariate
2367: /
2363: /
2361:Multivariate
2359: /
2299: /
2295: /
2069:Bayes factor
1968:Signed rank
1880:
1854:
1846:
1834:
1529:Completeness
1365:Cohort study
1263:Opinion poll
1198:Missing data
1185:Study design
1140:Scatter plot
1079:
1062:Scatter plot
1055:Spearman's Ï
1017:Grouped data
684:
674:
651:
609:
564:
560:
532:
504:
497:
473:
469:
460:
442:
433:
412:Progress bar
376:appropriate.
346:information.
323:
320:
315:for each bar
309:
290:
283:
266:
258:
256:
248:
245:axis), and
242:
236:
230:
217:
207:
203:
201:
196:
194:
191:
182:
178:
100:
96:
92:
86:
71:
67:column chart
66:
50:
46:
44:
3042:WikiProject
2957:Cartography
2919:Jurimetrics
2871:Reliability
2602:Time domain
2581:(LjungâBox)
2503:Time-series
2381:Categorical
2365:Time-series
2357:Categorical
2292:(Bernoulli)
2127:Correlation
2107:Correlation
1903:JarqueâBera
1875:Chi-squared
1637:M-estimator
1590:Asymptotics
1534:Sufficiency
1301:Interaction
1213:Replication
1193:Effect size
1150:Violin plot
1130:Radar chart
1110:Forest plot
1100:Correlogram
1050:Kendall's Ï
355:Limitations
212:time series
2909:Demography
2627:ARMA model
2432:Regression
2009:(Friedman)
1970:(Wilcoxon)
1908:Normality
1898:Lilliefors
1845:Student's
1721:Resampling
1595:Robustness
1583:divergence
1573:Efficiency
1511:(monotone)
1506:Likelihood
1423:Population
1256:Stratified
1208:Population
1027:Dependence
983:Count data
914:Percentile
891:Dispersion
824:Arithmetic
759:Statistics
629:1032356534
567:(1): 135.
541:1592578659
425:References
350:decisions.
338:audiences.
332:Advantages
77:categories
2290:Logistic
2057:posterior
1983:Rank sum
1731:Jackknife
1726:Bootstrap
1544:Bootstrap
1479:Parameter
1428:Statistic
1223:Statistic
1135:Run chart
1120:Pie chart
1115:Histogram
1105:Fan chart
1080:Bar chart
962:L-moments
849:Geometric
701:0032-5473
637:cite book
581:1558-9439
401:Histogram
366:histogram
172:bar chart
51:bar graph
47:bar chart
18:Bar graph
3058:Category
3004:Category
2697:Survival
2574:Johansen
2297:Binomial
2252:Isotonic
1839:(normal)
1484:location
1291:Blocking
1246:Sampling
1125:QâQ plot
1090:Box plot
1072:Graphics
967:Skewness
957:Kurtosis
929:Variance
859:Heronian
854:Harmonic
718:Graphing
441:(1968),
381:See also
313:= Area A
259:variwide
239:axis),
231:Example:
184:charts.
74:discrete
3030:Commons
2977:Kriging
2862:Process
2819:studies
2678:Wavelet
2511:General
1678:Plug-in
1472:L space
1251:Cluster
952:Moments
770:Outline
590:5764581
490:2683467
311:(A/X)*X
83:History
63:lengths
59:heights
2899:Census
2489:Normal
2437:Manova
2257:Robust
2007:2-way
1999:1-way
1837:-test
1508:
1085:Biplot
876:Median
869:Lehmer
811:Center
722:Curlie
699:
627:
617:
587:
579:
539:
512:
488:
449:
361:plots.
32:LM3914
2523:Trend
2052:prior
1994:anova
1883:-test
1857:-test
1849:-test
1756:Power
1701:Pivot
1494:shape
1489:scale
939:Shape
919:Range
864:Heinz
839:Cubic
775:Index
486:JSTOR
342:them.
286:) and
111:Usage
2756:Test
1956:Sign
1808:Wald
881:Mode
819:Mean
697:ISSN
643:link
625:OCLC
615:ISBN
577:ISSN
537:ISBN
510:ISBN
447:ISBN
372:are.
1936:BIC
1931:AIC
720:at
689:doi
662:doi
585:PMC
569:doi
565:106
478:doi
284:A/X
250:x*y
195:In
61:or
49:or
3060::
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687:.
683:.
639:}}
635:{{
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599:^
583:.
575:.
563:.
559:.
547:^
524:^
484:,
474:32
472:,
328:.
293:).
170:3D
69:.
45:A
1881:G
1855:F
1847:t
1835:Z
1554:V
1549:U
751:e
744:t
737:v
703:.
691::
668:.
664::
645:)
631:.
593:.
571::
518:.
480::
420:.
291:X
267:A
243:y
237:x
34:.
20:)
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