416:" which holds multiple bars and feeds them one at a time into the bar feeder. Bar loaders are like magazines for part blanks (or pallets for milling work) in that they allow lights-out machining. The bar loader is filled with bars (or the magazine or pallet with part blanks) during working hours, and then it runs during the night unattended. Given that there is no human around to detect if something went wrong and the machine should stop, there are various kinds of sensors that are used to detect this, such as load meters, infrared beams, and, in recent years,
122:
25:
206:
457:
every possible size of bar stock (every possible fraction of a millimeter or inch in diameter or thickness) is impossible. Thus, bar stock is stocked by metals supply houses in various standard sizes, arrayed in discrete steps. For example, round bar with diameters of even millimeters (or in the US,
444:
into the shape on the die. These presses operate at very high forces to make the desired changes to the product. Extrusion uses rollers that push the heated bar stock through a set of dies which will determine the shape of the workpiece. Machining is a subtractive process that utilizes bar stock and
330:
are similar, but have hollow centers and are traditionally not called "bar" in industrial usage. (However, a product called hollow bar, essentially tube but with custom-orderable OD and ID and thus custom wall thickness, is marketed for lathe bar work which can benefit from obviation of drilling and
396:
each one in turn. For smaller-diameter work, the entire length of bar stock is more often fed through the spindle of the lathe. The entire bar rotates with the spindle during the part-machining cycle. When the cycle ends and one part is done, the chuck opens, the bar is pulled or pushed forward
404:
The not-yet-cut bar protruding from the back of the spindle, rotating quickly, can present a safety hazard if it is sticking out too far and unconstrained from bending. Thus sometimes long bars must be sawn into shorter bars before being fed as "bar work" (which is the term for such work).
481:
will specify a certain size (or a maximum size) that the bar may start out as. These specs face the aforementioned limitation of stocking sizes versus custom mill runs; standard sizes are used wherever possible to avoid wasted expense and needless delays.
466:. Thus they are much more expensive than the standard sizes, can take much longer delivery time, and are not desirable as inventory for the supply house or the machine shop (because the chance of selling or using any particular custom size is slim).
397:("fed") by any of various automatic means, the chuck closes, and the next cycle begins. The last step of the cycle is to cut off the machined part from the bar, which is called "parting it off" and is achieved with a "cutoff" or "part-off" tool, a
387:
to remove material and create the final shape. In turning, for large-diameter work (typically more than 100 millimetres (3.9 in), although there is no universal threshold), a piece of the bar is cut off using a horizontal bandsaw to create a
366:
A machine shop typically has a storage area containing a large variety of bar stock. To create a metal component, a bar of sufficient volume is selected from storage and brought to the machining area. This piece may then be
191:
to produce a final product, often vastly different from the original stock. In some cases, the process is partially automated by specialized equipment which feeds the stock into the appropriate processing machine.
335:
such as angle stock and channel stock. These are commonly available in steel and aluminum; the names "angle iron" and "channel iron" are still commonly used (informally) even though their literal namesake,
1263:(low-carbon or low-carb steel). Lengths are either 18 or 36 in (457 or 914 mm) long, various widths up to 16 in (406 mm) are available, and thicknesses range from
1214:
Drill blanks have an undersize tolerance of +0/−0.0002 in (0.00508 mm), while reamer blanks have an oversize tolerance of −0/+00.0002 in (0.00508 mm).
274:) into long continuous strips of various size and shape. These strips are cut at regular intervals and allowed to cool, each segment becoming a piece of bar stock. A good analogy is
1314:
1519:
1371:
518:
alloying content). Drill rod diameters range from 0.0135 to 1.5 in (0.34 to 38.10 mm); in the United States diameters smaller than
282:
shapes; cut into lengths; and then dried in that form. The cross-sectional shapes of pasta vary from simple bar or tube shapes (such as
1544:
249:
108:
216:
536:, in addition to fractional sizes. Lengths are usually one or three feet (0.3048 or 0.9144 m). It is commonly used to make
1475:
1442:
360:
46:
428:
Bar stock is widely used in many industries and can be seen in many different industrial processes. These processes include
89:
1240:
495:
384:
188:
61:
231:
42:
227:
35:
68:
401:
that grooves the bar all the way down to the centreline, causing the part to fall off. Then the cycle repeats.
279:
560:. Note that the numbered sizes are different from the drill numbered sizes starting at 52. These sizes are:
327:
323:
412:", which hold, guide, and feed the bar as commanded by the CNC control. More advanced machines may have a "
75:
1236:
511:
356:
267:
1320:
499:
420:, which are placed inside the machine tool's enclosure and allow remote viewing of the cutting action.
156:
shapes and lengths. The most common shapes are round (circular cross-section), rectangular, square and
57:
462:. Bar diameters of nonstandard sizes can also be obtained, but only as a separate mill run from the
478:
469:
Sometimes it is necessary that the bar not be very much larger than the intended part, because the
445:
various cutters and tools to make intricate details that are not possible through other processes.
393:
180:
1217:
Some mills also sell square stock that is held to the same tolerances under the name "drill rod".
533:
529:
440:, and many more. In forging, billets are heated to high temperatures before a press pushes the
1515:
1425:
1416:
1411:
1367:
1361:
1509:
1221:
332:
1549:
372:
1256:
1252:
1248:
477:
in some finishing processes may vary by how far inside the bar the metal lies. Thus an
160:. A bar is characterised by an "enclosed invariant convex cross-section", meaning that
82:
1538:
348:
295:
168:
1484:
1451:
1220:
Commonly available material grades in the U.S. are A2, D2, M2, M42, O1, S7, W1, and
549:
503:
463:
344:
337:
121:
557:
541:
413:
409:
149:
24:
502:
diameter; it is usually ± 0.0005 in (0.0127 mm). In the UK the name "
1260:
491:
470:
263:
164:, angle stock and objects with varying diameter are not considered bar stock.
1429:
392:
for each part. The blanks are then fed into a chucking lathe (chucker) which
1387:
553:
537:
441:
437:
433:
271:
153:
459:
454:
514:. Its origin was in reference to the shiny ground appearance (not to any
398:
376:
283:
184:
507:
429:
380:
368:
291:
176:
157:
331:
rough boring.) Also similar in concept, but not called "bar", are the
318:, the special case of equal sides), and hexagonal bar (usually called
545:
515:
417:
299:
161:
234:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
302:). The same is true of metal bar stock. The most common shapes are
1293:
474:
287:
275:
145:
152:
metal parts and products. Bar stock is available in a variety of
458:
on the eighths of an inch) can usually be ordered from standing
1360:
Brady, George S.; Clauser, Henry R.; Vaccari, John A. (2002).
199:
172:
18:
563:
278:-making, in which lumps of dough are extruded into various
340:, has been replaced by steel and aluminum for most uses.
408:
CNC lathes and screw machines have accessories called "
223:
1344:
1392:(115th ed.), McMaster-Carr, pp. 3641–3653
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
16:Bar of raw metal to be processed and manufactured
1342:Altan, Taylan; Ngaile, Gracious; Shen, Gangshu,
1247:). There are four types of materials available:
359:, that word refers to a piece of metal that has
1412:"What You Should Know About Ground Flat Stock"
8:
1366:(15th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 322.
125:Storage area containing assorted bar stock.
1273:to 2.875 in (0.40 to 73.03 mm).
250:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
449:Standard sizes throughout a supply chain
290:) to more elaborate extrusions (such as
120:
1355:
1353:
1305:
528:th of an inch (11 mm) are made in
1514:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 17.
7:
1276:Some geometrical sizes are known as
47:adding citations to reliable sources
144:, is a common form of raw purified
266:or aluminium plant is formed (via
14:
1313:Brafield, Evans (February 2009),
1511:Handbook of Valves and Actuators
1243:to close tolerances (compare to
1047:
887:
727:
567:
204:
23:
1346:(1 ed.), ASM International
132:, also (colloquially) known as
34:needs additional citations for
1410:Burroughs, John (March 1968),
1244:
1:
1483:, p. 634, archived from
1450:, p. 624, archived from
361:not yet been rolled into bar
230:the claims made and adding
1566:
473:properties of some metal
262:Most metal produced by a
1545:Metalworking terminology
333:common structural shapes
1508:Nesbitt, Brian (2007).
167:Bar stock is commonly
148:, used by industry to
126:
1389:McMaster-Carr catalog
124:
1323:on February 22, 2010
1239:steel that has been
43:improve this article
1477:Starrett catalog 32
1444:Starrett catalog 32
1224:(including M2/M7).
479:engineering drawing
1363:Materials Handbook
534:number drill sizes
530:letter drill sizes
215:possibly contains
127:
1521:978-1-85617-494-7
1417:Popular Mechanics
1373:978-0-07-136076-0
1233:Ground flat stock
1228:Ground flat stock
1211:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1044:
1043:
884:
883:
724:
723:
424:Uses of bar stock
351:are often called
260:
259:
252:
217:original research
196:Process and types
171:by a sequence of
119:
118:
111:
93:
1557:
1526:
1525:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1489:
1482:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1449:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1357:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1319:, archived from
1310:
1282:
1281:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1222:high speed steel
1048:
888:
728:
568:
564:
527:
526:
522:
355:, although in a
347:, bar stock and
255:
248:
244:
241:
235:
232:inline citations
208:
207:
200:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1522:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1395:
1393:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1326:
1324:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1290:
1279:
1278:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1230:
1212:
524:
520:
519:
490:A drill rod is
488:
451:
426:
312:rectangular bar
280:cross-sectional
256:
245:
239:
236:
221:
209:
205:
198:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1563:
1561:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1527:
1520:
1500:
1467:
1434:
1424:(3): 182–185,
1402:
1379:
1372:
1349:
1334:
1316:What's Billet?
1304:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1257:A-6 tool steel
1253:A-2 tool steel
1249:O-1 tool steel
1229:
1226:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
998:
997:
994:
991:
987:
986:
983:
980:
976:
975:
972:
969:
965:
964:
961:
958:
954:
953:
950:
947:
943:
942:
939:
936:
932:
931:
928:
925:
921:
920:
917:
914:
910:
909:
906:
903:
899:
898:
895:
892:
885:
882:
881:
878:
875:
871:
870:
867:
864:
860:
859:
856:
853:
849:
848:
845:
842:
838:
837:
834:
831:
827:
826:
823:
820:
816:
815:
812:
809:
805:
804:
801:
798:
794:
793:
790:
787:
783:
782:
779:
776:
772:
771:
768:
765:
761:
760:
757:
754:
750:
749:
746:
743:
739:
738:
735:
732:
725:
722:
721:
718:
715:
711:
710:
707:
704:
700:
699:
696:
693:
689:
688:
685:
682:
678:
677:
674:
671:
667:
666:
663:
660:
656:
655:
652:
649:
645:
644:
641:
638:
634:
633:
630:
627:
623:
622:
619:
616:
612:
611:
608:
605:
601:
600:
597:
594:
590:
589:
586:
583:
579:
578:
575:
572:
562:
510:and sometimes
487:
484:
450:
447:
425:
422:
258:
257:
212:
210:
203:
197:
194:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1562:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1533:
1523:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1504:
1501:
1490:on 2011-03-22
1486:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1468:
1457:on 2011-03-22
1453:
1446:
1445:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1335:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1274:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1215:
1207:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1000:
999:
995:
992:
989:
988:
984:
981:
978:
977:
973:
970:
967:
966:
962:
959:
956:
955:
951:
948:
945:
944:
940:
937:
934:
933:
929:
926:
923:
922:
918:
915:
912:
911:
907:
904:
901:
900:
896:
893:
890:
889:
886:
879:
876:
873:
872:
868:
865:
862:
861:
857:
854:
851:
850:
846:
843:
840:
839:
835:
832:
829:
828:
824:
821:
818:
817:
813:
810:
807:
806:
802:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
785:
784:
780:
777:
774:
773:
769:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
752:
751:
747:
744:
741:
740:
736:
733:
730:
729:
726:
719:
716:
713:
712:
708:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
691:
690:
686:
683:
680:
679:
675:
672:
669:
668:
664:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
647:
646:
642:
639:
636:
635:
631:
628:
625:
624:
620:
617:
614:
613:
609:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
592:
591:
587:
584:
581:
580:
576:
573:
570:
569:
566:
565:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
485:
483:
480:
476:
472:
471:metallurgical
467:
465:
461:
456:
448:
446:
443:
439:
435:
431:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
406:
402:
400:
395:
391:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
341:
339:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:(also called
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
254:
251:
243:
233:
229:
225:
219:
218:
213:This section
211:
202:
201:
195:
193:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
123:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1531:
1510:
1503:
1492:, retrieved
1485:the original
1476:
1470:
1459:, retrieved
1452:the original
1443:
1437:
1421:
1415:
1405:
1394:, retrieved
1388:
1382:
1362:
1343:
1337:
1325:, retrieved
1321:the original
1315:
1308:
1277:
1275:
1232:
1231:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1205:
504:silver steel
494:round stock
489:
468:
464:rolling mill
452:
427:
407:
403:
389:
365:
357:rolling mill
352:
345:machine shop
342:
338:wrought iron
322:for short).
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
261:
246:
240:October 2015
237:
214:
166:
141:
137:
133:
129:
128:
105:
99:October 2015
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1280:gauge plate
506:" is often
498:to a tight
410:bar feeders
314:(including
150:manufacture
58:"Bar stock"
1539:Categories
1494:2010-12-22
1461:2010-12-22
1396:2010-12-19
1300:References
1261:1018 steel
554:dowel pins
538:drill bits
512:hyponymous
508:synonymous
492:tool steel
414:bar loader
316:square bar
264:steel mill
224:improve it
69:newspapers
1430:0032-4558
1245:drill rod
500:tolerance
486:Drill rod
442:workpiece
438:machining
434:extrusion
304:round bar
272:extrusion
228:verifying
169:processed
158:hexagonal
154:extrusion
130:Bar stock
1327:March 5,
1288:See also
1237:annealed
399:tool bit
284:linguine
189:grinding
185:drilling
1268:⁄
1200:5.7658
1197:0.2270
1189:5.5626
1186:0.2190
1178:5.3848
1175:0.2120
1167:5.2578
1164:0.2070
1156:5.1816
1153:0.2040
1145:5.1054
1142:0.2010
1134:5.0546
1131:0.1990
1123:5.0038
1120:0.1970
1112:4.9276
1109:0.1940
1101:4.8514
1098:0.1910
1090:4.7752
1087:0.1880
1079:4.6990
1076:0.1850
1068:4.6228
1065:0.1820
1040:4.5720
1037:0.1800
1029:4.5212
1026:0.1780
1018:4.4450
1015:0.1750
1007:4.3688
1004:0.1720
996:4.2672
993:0.1680
985:4.1656
982:0.1640
974:4.0894
971:0.1610
963:3.9878
960:0.1570
952:3.9370
949:0.1550
941:3.8862
938:0.1530
930:3.8354
927:0.1510
919:3.7592
916:0.1480
908:3.7084
905:0.1460
880:3.6322
877:0.1430
869:3.5306
866:0.1390
858:3.4036
855:0.1340
847:3.2258
844:0.1270
836:3.0480
833:0.1200
825:2.9210
822:0.1150
814:2.8448
811:0.1120
803:2.7940
800:0.1100
792:2.7432
789:0.1080
781:2.6924
778:0.1060
770:2.6162
767:0.1030
759:2.5654
756:0.1010
748:2.5146
745:0.0990
720:2.4638
717:0.0970
709:2.4130
706:0.0950
698:2.3368
695:0.0920
687:2.2352
684:0.0880
676:2.1590
673:0.0850
665:2.0574
662:0.0810
654:2.0066
651:0.0790
643:1.9558
640:0.0770
632:1.9050
629:0.0750
621:1.8288
618:0.0720
610:1.7526
607:0.0690
599:1.6764
596:0.0660
588:1.6002
585:0.0630
550:punches
546:reamers
523:⁄
430:forging
418:webcams
377:drilled
320:hex bar
292:rotelle
268:rolling
222:Please
181:milling
177:turning
83:scholar
1550:Steels
1518:
1428:
1370:
1259:, and
1241:ground
1206:
1051:gauge
891:gauge
731:gauge
571:gauge
558:shafts
556:, and
516:silver
496:ground
475:alloys
394:chucks
385:ground
381:turned
373:milled
353:billet
300:rotini
173:sawing
142:billet
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1488:(PDF)
1481:(PDF)
1455:(PDF)
1448:(PDF)
1294:Dowel
460:stock
455:stock
390:blank
383:, or
369:sawed
349:plate
343:In a
298:, or
296:fiori
288:penne
276:pasta
162:pipes
146:metal
134:blank
90:JSTOR
76:books
1516:ISBN
1426:ISSN
1368:ISBN
1329:2010
542:taps
532:and
328:pipe
326:and
324:Tube
187:and
138:slug
62:news
1422:129
1235:is
1095:10
1084:11
1073:12
1062:13
1057:mm
1054:in
1034:14
1023:15
1012:16
1001:17
990:18
979:19
968:20
957:21
946:22
935:23
924:24
913:25
902:26
897:mm
894:in
874:27
863:28
852:29
841:30
830:31
819:32
808:33
797:34
786:35
775:36
764:37
753:38
742:39
737:mm
734:in
714:40
703:41
692:42
681:43
670:44
659:45
648:46
637:47
626:48
615:49
604:50
593:51
582:52
577:mm
574:in
453:To
310:),
308:rod
286:or
270:or
226:by
140:or
45:by
1541::
1420:,
1414:,
1352:^
1284:.
1270:64
1255:,
1251:,
1194:1
1183:2
1172:3
1161:4
1150:5
1139:6
1128:7
1117:8
1106:9
552:,
548:,
544:,
540:,
525:64
521:27
436:,
432:,
379:,
375:,
371:,
363:.
294:,
183:,
179:,
175:,
136:,
1524:.
1497:.
1464:.
1399:.
1376:.
1331:.
1266:1
253:)
247:(
242:)
238:(
220:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
