603:(the Guards Brigade and the two cavalry Brigades) and personally led them into this gap between the road and the marshes, causing confusion in the Ottoman left flank by this sudden onslaught, as some of their cavalry was trapped and scattered in the foggy marshes. As the Ottoman left flank collapsed, the grand vizier Reshid Pasha personally moved to their midst to rally them, but in the foggy confusion found himself surrounded by Egyptians and captured. The capture of their supreme commander deepened the confusion amongst the Ottomans, and some units lost cohesion and broke ranks as the Egyptian artillery and cavalry advanced around their left flank to their rear, enveloping the now disorganised units and continuing a relentless slaughter from three directions, South, East and North. As night fell, the new Ottoman commander managed to rally some units and organised a desperate counter-attack from the West against the Egyptian left flank, but this failed as the Egyptian centre wheeled to face them with an organised
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Reshid's army was organised into four rows advancing astride the road. Leading the advance were two regular cavalry brigades and the Guards
Infantry brigade in open formation. These were followed by a second row of two infantry and two cavalry brigades, then a third and fourth row each consisting of
446:
Later on, the
Egyptian forces managed to successfully defeat the Ottoman forces throughout the Levant, in Damascus, Homs, Aleppo, Tripoli and the bellan pass. Due to their quick success, many cities towns in northern Syria and southern Turkey didn't risk fighting them but smoothly surrendered to the
589:
was spotty, and the
Egyptian artillery held their fire until they could guess the Ottomans' positions from the sound of their cannonade, and so could find their range more precisely. As the artillery exchange thundered on, Ibrahim advanced with his
967:
Chapter by
Colonel Abd El-Rahman Zaki, published in Arabic in the volume commemorating Ibrahim Pasha on the centennial of his death, published in 1948 by the Egyptian Royal Society for Historical Studies. Republished 1998 by Madbouli Press,
304:
491:. Much of this force was spread out on his supply lines, and only 27,000 regular troops were available at the battle of Konya. However, these were the most experienced and disciplined of his army. At the battle, Ibrahim had 20 infantry
598:
east of the road to survey the
Ottoman positions. During a momentary lifting of the fog, he noticed a gap in the Ottoman formation between their cavalry and infantry on their left flank, to the East. He rapidly called his
546:
about two miles (3 km) wide in between. The
Egyptian army had its back to the town and faced North, and the Ottoman army approached from the North astride the road, facing South. December 21 was an intensely
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on
December 18–21, 1832. Several minor clashes between advanced elements and scouting parties of the two armies took place on December 18 and 19, and the main battle described below was on December 21.
290:
651:, whereby the Sultan ceded greater Syria to Muhammad Ali for his lifetime, and ceded Egypt's rule to Muhammad Ali's dynasty in perpetuity, with nominal vassalhood to the Ottoman Sultan, but
570:). The third row, consisted of the Guards Regiment and one artillery battery in reserve and the 1st and 2nd Cavalry Regiment, under Selim bey. Ibrahim posted two battalions in
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Konya was
Ibrahim's greatest victory. He lost 262 dead and 530 wounded, whereas the Ottomans lost 3,000 dead and over 5,000 taken prisoner, including many senior
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522:. At the battle Reshid had a total of about 54,000 men, of which about 20,000 were irregulars: 54 infantry battalions, 28 cavalry squadrons, and 100 guns.
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623:. The Egyptians remained in possession of the field and took 46 guns, and the Ottoman army was scattered. Nothing remained between Ibrahim's army and
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At about noon the advancing
Ottomans' artillery opened fire when the front lines were about 600 yards (550 m) apart. With the heavy fog, the
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953:
The article cites numerous original sources in Arabic, including official archives, as well as several principal
European references, all in
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562:. The second row, five hundred paces behind the first, consisted of the 12th and 14th Infantry Regiments with two artillery batteries under
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Ibrahim's army was organised into three rows astride the road. The first row consisted of the 13th and 18th Infantry Regiments with three
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of Konya, which, in 1832, had a population of about 20,000. The battlefield is bounded on the west by hills and on the east by
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abrogated the peace of Kotahiya and attacked the Egyptian forces again, but was again routed by the Egyptians at the
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The main battle took place on December 21, 1832, astride the Konya-Constantinople road, just north of the ancient
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an infantry brigade. Large numbers of irregulars made up the rear. Artillery was distributed amongst the army.
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Ottoman forces: Reshid Pasha commanded an army of 80,000 from various Ottoman provinces, including many
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472:
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2038:
817:
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2762:
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2572:
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2376:
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2020:
1973:
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1522:
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set out from Egypt, one by land under General Ibrahim Yakan, and the other by sea, landing at
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As a postscript to Konya, it should be added that seven years later, the Ottoman
898:
A military history of modern Egypt: from the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War
756:
A Military History of Modern Egypt: from the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War
640:
468:
24:
463:
Egyptian Forces: Ibrahim Pasha commanded a total of about 50,000 men in all of
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of about 3,000 hardened fighters with much artillery. Acre, under the Ottoman
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666:, on the frontier between the Ottoman Empire and Syria, on June 24, 1839.
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of artillery and as this attack broke, the remaining Ottomans scattered.
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All the Pasha's men: Mehmed Ali, his army and the making of modern Egypt
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Istanbul was only adopted as the city's official name in 1930..
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before finally falling to the Egyptians on May 27, 1832.
467:, including recent Syrian recruits and about 7,000 Arab
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768:
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450:
The final battle of the campaign of 1831/1832, came at
822:. The American University in Cairo Press. p. 66.
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
931:Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618–1905)
802:
800:
758:, (Greenwood Publishing Group Inc., 2006), 107.
123:
989:
475:. The regular forces were organised into ten
298:
8:
934:(in German). Vienna and Leipzig: C. W. Stern
2881:List of Ottoman battles in the 20th century
881:The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History
743:The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History
627:after the battle. However, it was time for
431:, which had impregnable walls and a strong
16:1832 battle of the First Turko-Egyptian War
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566:(Elfaransawy = "the Frenchman" the former
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359:was fought on December 21, 1832, between
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
906:"Battle of Konya | Summary | Britannica"
900:, Greenwood Publishing Group Inc., 2006.
745:, (HarperCollins Publishers, 1993), 851.
399:began on October 29, 1831, starting the
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702:
237:
2890:List of Ottoman battles in World War I
774:
741:Dupuy, R. Ernest and Trevor N. Dupuy,
2876:For 20th-century battles before 1914
791:
439:, held out against a long and bloody
7:
2927:Battles involving the Ottoman Empire
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2885:For the battles during World War I
514:troops (30,000) that came from the
14:
904:Grant, R. G. (14 December 2023).
883:, HarperCollins Publishers, 1993.
712: • 15,000 at Konya
415:. The Egyptians rapidly occupied
387:. The Egyptians were victorious.
383:, while the Ottomans were led by
2947:Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833)
395:The Egyptian campaign to occupy
316:Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833)
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214:
195:
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131:Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833)
23:
2922:Battles involving Ottoman Egypt
574:at the flanks to guard against
34:needs additional citations for
1:
855:, (Basic Books, 2005), 57; "
643:, and ended up signing the
419:and the coastal regions of
367:, just outside the city of
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645:Peace Agreement of Kutahya
2942:History of Konya Province
2900:Ottoman victories are in
2898:
2872:
676:Military of ancient Egypt
526:Field and order of battle
324:
262:
245:
207:
176:
136:
128:
896:McGregor, Andrew James,
754:McGregor, Andrew James,
718: • 27,000
715: • 22,000
631:, and Ibrahim's father,
401:First Turko-Egyptian War
357:battle of Konya (Koniah)
816:Fahmy, Khaled (2002).
437:Pasha Abdullah Elgazar
208:Commanders and leaders
681:Egyptian Armed Forces
653:de facto independence
649:Convention of Kutahya
275:5,000 taken prisoner,
263:Casualties and losses
2952:December 1832 events
893:, Basic Books, 2005.
564:Soliman al-Faransawy
43:improve this article
556:artillery batteries
256:53,000 men in total
911:www.britannica.com
851:Finkel, Caroline,
621:Reşid Mehmed Pasha
483:regiments and the
479:regiments, twelve
385:Reşid Mehmed Pasha
233:Reşid Mehmed Pasha
2932:Conflicts in 1832
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2867:
2419:(1789–1908)
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2409:
2200:(1700–1789)
2191:
2190:
1678:(1550–1700)
1669:
1668:
1313:(1453–1550)
1304:
1303:
1021:(1299–1453)
560:Selim Elmansterly
447:Egyptian forces.
352:
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58:"Battle of Konya"
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2803:2nd Kerch Strait
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2392:1st Kerch Strait
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1649:Strait of Hormuz
1511:Peñón of Algiers
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873:Dupuy, R. Ernest
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572:square formation
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144:21 December 1832
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2819:5th Dardanelles
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2417:
2406:
2358:
2199:
2198:
2187:
2143:4th Dardanelles
2137:3rd Dardanelles
2132:2nd Dardanelles
2126:1st Dardanelles
2079:
1891:2nd Zrínyiújvár
1886:1st Zrínyiújvár
1881:Jurjeve Stijene
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664:Battle of Nezib
641:European Powers
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459:Opposing armies
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124:Battle of Konya
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2188:
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2185:
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2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2139:
2134:
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2122:
2117:
2115:Cape Celidonia
2112:
2107:
2100:
2095:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2080:
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2072:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1988:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1912:
1910:Saint Gotthard
1907:
1900:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1806:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1784:Alcácer Quibir
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1690:
1688:
1681:
1675:Transformation
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1666:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1622:
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1576:
1574:
1570:
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1540:
1533:
1526:
1519:
1514:
1507:
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1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
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1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1434:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1383:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1316:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1279:Constantinople
1275:
1270:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1181:
1174:
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1164:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1111:
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1097:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1033:
1031:
1024:
1014:
1013:
1009:Ottoman Empire
1007:involving the
1003:
1001:
1000:
993:
986:
978:
970:
969:
963:
960:
959:
958:
950:
949:
945:
944:
926:Bodart, Gaston
922:
901:
894:
884:
869:
868:
862:
861:
844:
835:
828:
808:
806:McGregor, 107.
796:
779:
777:, p. 500.
760:
747:
733:
732:
731:
730:
724:
723:
720:
719:
716:
713:
709:
701:
700:
699:
698:
693:
690:
689:
688:
683:
678:
671:
668:
660:Sultan Mahmoud
637:Sultan Mahmoud
635:parleyed with
625:Constantinople
612:
609:
527:
524:
460:
457:
392:
389:
371:in modern-day
365:Ottoman Empire
350:
349:
347:
346:
341:
336:
331:
325:
322:
321:
312:
310:
309:
302:
295:
287:
279:
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2084:Naval battles
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
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1573:Naval battles
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1310:Classical Age
1307:
1297:
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1289:Naval battles
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891:Osman's Dream
888:
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865:
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853:Osman's Dream
848:
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839:
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829:9789774246968
825:
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738:
735:
728:
727:
717:
714:
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706:
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696:
695:
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686:Egyptian Army
684:
682:
679:
677:
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673:
669:
667:
665:
661:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
639:and with the
638:
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622:
618:
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583:
579:
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569:
568:Colonel Sèves
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
545:
541:
537:
533:
525:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
504:
502:
498:
495:, 28 cavalry
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
465:Greater Syria
458:
456:
453:
448:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
427:, except for
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:Ibrahim Pasha
410:
406:
402:
398:
390:
388:
386:
382:
381:Ibrahim Pasha
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
345:
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335:
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318:
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285:
272:
267:
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255:
250:
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244:
240:
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229:
224:
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221:Ibrahim Pasha
212:
211:
206:
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198:
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181:
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159:
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113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2901:
2886:
2877:
2817:
2795:
2777:
2755:
2713:
2706:
2684:
2659:
2612:
2605:
2583:
2571:
2564:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2471:
2444:
2428:Land battles
2369:
2351:
2344:
2282:
2275:
2253:
2246:
2242:2nd Belgrade
2237:Petrovaradin
2229:
2222:
2215:
2209:Land battles
2180:
2168:
2141:
2124:
2102:
2090:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2028:Egri Palanka
2026:
2019:
2002:
1995:
1983:
1961:
1914:
1902:
1895:
1873:
1866:
1854:
1837:
1830:
1808:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1687:Land battles
1658:
1654:Gulf of Oman
1641:
1624:
1612:
1605:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1561:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1429:
1397:
1390:
1378:
1344:1st Belgrade
1322:Land battles
1277:
1265:
1243:
1226:
1217:Hermannstadt
1209:
1202:
1197:Thessalonica
1195:
1188:
1176:
1149:
1132:
1122:Philadelphia
1120:
1113:
1106:
1101:Sırp Sındığı
1099:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1038:Kulaca Hisar
1036:
1030:Land battles
971:
936:. Retrieved
930:
915:. Retrieved
909:
897:
890:
880:
867:Bibliography
856:
852:
847:
838:
818:
811:
755:
750:
742:
737:
705:
657:
633:Muhammad Ali
619:, including
614:
584:
580:
576:encirclement
553:
529:
505:
462:
449:
445:
394:
379:were led by
356:
354:
343:
190:Egypt Eyalet
177:Belligerents
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2721:Shipka Pass
2675:Başgedikler
2670:Akhaltsikhe
2635:Akhaltsikhe
2479:Mount Tabor
2462:Shubra Khit
2397:2nd Ochakov
2340:2nd Ochakov
2300:Stavunchany
2295:1st Ochakov
1839:Nagykanizsa
1517:Leobersdorf
842:Dupuy, 851.
775:Bodart 1908
532:walled town
518:region and
469:auxiliaries
273:3,000 dead,
270:530 wounded
2916:Categories
2715:Kızıl Tepe
2591:Dervenakia
2489:Heliopolis
2353:Karánsebes
2277:Banja Luka
2197:Old Regime
2182:Samothrace
2110:Cape Corvo
2004:Negroponte
1991:2nd Mohács
1985:Vrtijeljka
1952:2nd Vienna
1937:2nd Khotyn
1922:Krasnobród
1862:1st Khotyn
1850:Tashiskari
1816:Călugăreni
1763:Gvozdansko
1735:Mostaganem
1614:Formentera
1607:1st Jeddah
1504:1st Mohács
1469:Mercidabık
1405:Breadfield
1392:Valea Albă
1354:Târgoviște
1339:2nd Oranik
1267:2nd Kosovo
1261:1st Oranik
1162:Karanovasa
1128:Dubravnica
1094:Adrianople
917:2024-05-12
792:Grant 2023
692:References
493:battalions
473:irregulars
339:Belen Pass
251:15,000 men
69:newspapers
2773:Velestino
2768:Al Wajbah
2692:Eupatoria
2680:Kurekdere
2640:Kulevicha
2596:Karpenisi
2566:Drăgășani
2330:Kozludzha
2266:Yeghevārd
2170:Oinousses
2034:Slankamen
1947:Trembowla
1897:Novi Zrin
1832:Keresztes
1826:2nd Brest
1791:1st Brest
1563:Sokhoista
1551:Esztergom
1476:Han Yunus
1420:Cătlăbuga
1380:Otlukbeli
1359:2nd Mokra
1296:Gallipoli
1251:1st Mokra
1211:Novo Brdo
1178:Nicopolis
1157:Kırkdilim
1080:Gallipoli
1066:Pelekanon
729:Citations
611:Aftermath
542:, with a
508:Albanians
499:, and 48
497:squadrons
489:engineers
485:artillery
421:Palestine
417:Jerusalem
377:Egyptians
268:262 dead,
2855:Navarino
2850:Gerontas
2813:Kaliakra
2746:Taşkesen
2736:4th Kars
2702:3rd Kars
2697:Chernaya
2686:Oltenița
2650:2nd Acre
2625:2nd Kars
2614:Phaleron
2607:Kamatero
2601:Arachova
2579:Vasilika
2550:Valtetsi
2514:Al-Safra
2509:Slobozia
2499:Arpachai
2473:1st Acre
2467:Pyramids
2402:Fidonisi
2315:Aspindza
2310:Khresili
2305:1st Kars
2164:Mytilene
2120:Focchies
2050:Moulouya
2044:Ustechko
2010:Batočina
1927:Niemirów
1875:Köbölkút
1702:Temesvár
1632:Girolata
1595:Balearic
1483:Ridanieh
1463:Koçhisar
1450:Turnadag
1443:Çaldıran
1349:Albulena
1334:Krusevac
1329:Leskovac
1239:Torvioll
1234:Kunovica
1228:Zlatitsa
1073:Demotika
928:(1908).
670:See also
629:politics
617:officers
601:reserves
520:Bosnians
477:infantry
433:garrison
411:, under
363:and the
258:142 guns
246:Strength
149:Location
129:Part of
99:May 2008
2902:italics
2840:Nauplia
2835:Algiers
2779:Domokos
2763:Mouzaki
2751:Novšiće
2731:Aladzha
2708:Al-Hasa
2645:Algiers
2573:Sculeni
2555:Doliana
2545:Erzurum
2534:Alamana
2446:Giurgiu
2435:Focșani
2377:Matapan
2346:Mehadia
2335:Kinburn
2290:Perekop
2255:Samarra
2248:Kurijan
2159:Algiers
2154:Algiers
2149:Algiers
2098:Lepanto
2021:Zernest
2015:2nd Niš
1974:Eperjes
1957:Párkány
1932:Komarno
1916:Ładyżyn
1845:Sufiyan
1821:Giurgiu
1777:Torches
1749:Szigeth
1728:Tlemcen
1695:Tlemcen
1637:Alborán
1626:Preveza
1581:Zonchio
1557:Karagak
1537:Algiers
1530:Baghdad
1523:Gorjani
1497:Tlemcen
1457:Algiers
1399:Shkodra
1256:Otonetë
1222:1st Niš
1204:Golubac
1190:Çamurlu
1140:Pločnik
1115:Maritsa
1108:Samokov
1087:Ihtiman
1045:Bapheus
1005:Battles
647:at the
605:barrage
544:plateau
536:marshes
516:Shkodër
481:cavalry
425:Lebanon
391:Prelude
277:44 guns
253:48 guns
235: (
83:scholar
2808:Tendra
2797:Andros
2757:Ulcinj
2726:Plevna
2540:Gravia
2520:Jeddah
2484:Abukir
2452:Izmail
2440:Rymnik
2387:Patras
2371:Imbros
2284:Grocka
2261:Kirkuk
2217:Chelif
2176:Andros
2092:Cyprus
1997:Crimea
1868:Candia
1856:Cecora
1770:Çıldır
1709:Palast
1660:Djerba
1437:Dubica
1431:Krbava
1425:Vrpile
1386:Vaslui
1369:Vaikal
1184:Ankara
1167:Rovine
1151:Kosovo
1145:Bileća
1059:Nicaea
1052:Dimbos
1011:by era
968:Cairo.
955:French
938:1 July
826:
592:scouts
558:under
540:swamps
512:nizami
405:armies
403:. Two
375:. The
373:Turkey
165:Result
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2860:Sinop
2845:Samos
2830:Athos
2665:Nezib
2660:Konya
2630:Varna
2620:Petra
2560:Lalas
2527:Čegar
2504:Batin
2494:Derna
2457:Măcin
2382:Çeşme
2325:Kagul
2320:Larga
2271:Ganja
2231:Pruth
2104:Tunis
2075:Zenta
2057:Lugos
2039:Hodów
1979:Kassa
1904:Jijel
1810:Banat
1804:Sisak
1798:Bihać
1742:Krupa
1722:Tadla
1643:Ponza
1620:Tunis
1588:Modon
1490:Jajce
1415:Adana
1374:Meçad
1364:Ohrid
1273:Polog
1245:Varna
1172:Ohrid
1134:Savra
697:Notes
594:to a
587:range
551:day.
549:foggy
452:Konya
441:siege
409:Jaffa
397:Syria
369:Konya
361:Egypt
344:Konya
154:Konya
90:JSTOR
76:books
2655:Hims
2585:Peta
2224:Oran
2070:Azov
2064:Ulaş
1963:Buda
1942:Lwów
1544:Pest
1018:Rise
948:Note
940:2023
875:and
824:ISBN
596:well
538:and
510:and
501:guns
487:and
471:and
429:Acre
423:and
355:The
334:Homs
329:Acre
141:Date
62:news
2887:see
2878:see
1969:Vác
1756:Fez
1716:Fez
1601:Diu
1410:Una
238:POW
45:by
2918::
908:.
889:,
879:,
859:".
799:^
782:^
763:^
655:.
578:.
503:.
156:,
2904:.
997:e
990:t
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957:.
942:.
920:.
832:.
794:.
306:e
299:t
292:v
241:)
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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