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373:. The Boers had a force of 308 armed men and another 500 servants in fifty wagons. Dingane attempted to negotiate, but Mpande and Nongalaza refused to listen. Dingane's envoy Dambusa was summarily executed when he arrived at the Boer camp. Dingane then withdrew into the Maguda mountain region. Dingane's general,
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The Boers arrived on 6 February, having taken the opportunity to grab as much cattle in booty as they could. They proclaimed Mpande king, and returned to
Natalia with 36,000 head of cattle. Dingane escaped with a few followers into Swaziland, but was murdered shortly afterwards by a patrol of Swazis
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In 1839, fearing that
Dingane intended to kill him, to rid himself of a possible rival for the throne, Mpande had fled across the Thuleka river with 17,000 of his followers. Thus began the First Zulu Civil War. Mpande had made a deal with Boers that he would grant them substantial land and cattle in
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Rather than wait for the Boers, Nongalaza decided to attack immediately. Both armies were around 5,000 strong. Both adopted the traditional Zulu Chest and Horns formation. The battle was fiercely contested for a while, but
Dingane's demoralised men began to desert to the enemy. It is said that
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if they helped to install him as king. The Boers had readily agreed to Mpande's proposal as they yearned for a feasible sea-harbour that was not under control of the
British, such as Port Natal; a yearning that was again manifested two years later by their ill fated attempt to seize
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Dingane agitated for Zulu unity, and Mpande attacked
Dingane's compound resulting in the battle of 29 January 1840. Mpande and his supporters were victorious. Shortly thereafter Dingane was murdered and Mpande became king of the Zulus.
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and Nyawos. On 14 February 1840 Pretorius issued a proclamation stating that a large stretch of land extending from St. Lucia Bay was now the border between the Zulu kingdom and the
Republic of Natalia.
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Dingane was furious, and had Ndlela strangled to death on the spot. However, this did not stop most of
Dingane's remaining men dispersing back to their homes, leaving him with no effective force.
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Nongalaza deceived
Dingane's men by creating the impression that the Boers had arrived and were about to take to the field. When it looked as though his army might desert
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took up a position on a group of hillocks known as the
Maqongqo Hills. Nongazala's army soon caught up with them, but Pretorius' force was still a hundred miles away.
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sought to separate his followers from
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Laband, John (2009). "Maqongqo Hills, Battle of (1840)".
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had lost the respect of a significant portion of the
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The Last Zulu King: The Life and Death of Cetshwayo
365:crossed into Zululand with a force of around 5,000
568:, University of Zululand Institutional Repository.
529:Laband, John (2009). "Ndela kaSompisi (?–1840)".
454:The House of Shaka: The Zulu Monarchy Illustrated
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613:Conflicts in 1840
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