Knowledge (XXG)

Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time

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37: 1321: 1500: 853: 844: 1316:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}w_{k}&=(G_{i})_{ki}\\y_{k}&=w_{k}^{T}\times r_{i}\\{\hat {s}}_{k}&=sign(y_{k})\\r_{i+1}&=r_{i}-{\hat {s}}_{k}(H)_{ki}\\G_{i+1}&=((H_{i}^{H}H_{i})+\sigma ^{2}I_{Nt})^{-1}H_{i}^{H}\\k_{i+1}&=\arg \min \left\|(G_{i+1})_{j}\right\|^{2}\\i&\leftarrow i+1\end{aligned}}} 615:
Its principle is quite simple: to make a first detection of the most powerful signal. It regenerates the received signal from this user from this decision. Then, the signal is regenerated subtracted from the received signal and, with this new signal, it proceeds to the detection of the second user's
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P. W. Wolniansky; G. J. Foschini; G. D. Golden; R. A. Valenzuela (September 1998). "V-BLAST: An architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich-scattering wireless channel".
839:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}i&\leftarrow 1\\r_{1}&=r\\G_{1}&=(H^{H}H+\sigma ^{2}I_{N_{t}})^{-1}H^{H}\\k_{1}&=\arg \min \left\|(G_{1})_{j}\right\|^{2}\\\end{aligned}}} 585:
of the system then grows directly in line with the number of antennas (subject to certain assumptions). This represents a significant advance on current, single-antenna systems.
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systems. Such systems have multiple antennas at both the transmitter and the receiver in an effort to exploit the many different paths between the two in a highly-
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most powerful, since it has already cleared the first and so forth. What gives a vector containing received less interference.
547: 382: 134: 119: 1534: 1359:"Layered Space-Time Architecture for Wireless Communication in a Fading Environment When Using Multi-Element Antennas" 372: 209: 1565: 362: 1395:
1998 URSI International Symposium on Signals, Systems, and Electronics. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98EX167)
1570: 1527: 550: 511: 473: 219: 407: 264: 543: 392: 1331: 1507: 562: 1369: 36: 1428: 1416: 609: 352: 312: 154: 79: 569:(now Nokia Bell Labs). By careful allocation of the data to be transmitted to the transmitting 1560: 1465: 1406: 1337: 605: 566: 504: 412: 397: 387: 357: 292: 109: 20: 1511: 1398: 582: 199: 144: 139: 69: 1440: 570: 558: 478: 204: 149: 59: 28: 578: 402: 367: 322: 74: 54: 1554: 432: 194: 164: 114: 46: 1485: 1420: 1334:— a means for using multiple antennas to improve reliability rather than data-rate. 377: 302: 189: 124: 84: 64: 1459: 574: 539: 442: 347: 297: 159: 1402: 554: 447: 342: 612:. He proceeded simply to eliminate interference caused successively issuers. 1499: 619:
The complete detection algorithm can be summarized as recursive as follows:
597: 437: 317: 307: 169: 129: 229: 487: 224: 214: 104: 601: 465: 596:(Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time) is a detection 1515: 856: 630: 1315: 838: 577:can be transmitted simultaneously within a single 1486:http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/wps/portal/BellLabs 604:systems. Available for the first time in 1996 at 1237: 789: 1535: 557:wireless environment. BLAST was developed by 512: 8: 1542: 1528: 519: 505: 15: 1280: 1269: 1253: 1212: 1198: 1193: 1180: 1167: 1157: 1141: 1131: 1126: 1097: 1080: 1064: 1053: 1052: 1042: 1019: 1002: 970: 959: 958: 947: 934: 929: 912: 895: 885: 865: 857: 855: 826: 815: 805: 770: 756: 743: 731: 726: 716: 700: 680: 656: 631: 629: 1349: 27: 1436: 1426: 608:in New Jersey in the United States by 254:Wireless electronic devices and health 466:Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) 260:International Telecommunication Union 7: 1496: 1494: 1357:Gerard. J. Foschini (October 1996). 285:Radiation sources / regions 249:Wireless device radiation and health 272:World Radiocommunication Conference 1514:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 532:Bell Laboratories Layer Space-Time 14: 1461:Space-time codes and MIMO systems 1498: 600:to the receipt of multi-antenna 35: 1297: 1276: 1266: 1246: 1242: 1177: 1147: 1119: 1116: 1077: 1070: 1058: 1008: 995: 964: 892: 878: 822: 812: 798: 794: 740: 693: 642: 1: 1458:Jankiraman, Mohinder (2004). 135:Low-noise block downconverter 120:Counterpoise (ground system) 1366:Bell Labs Technical Journal 373:Friis transmission equation 1587: 1493: 542:architecture for offering 210:Municipal wireless network 1403:10.1109/ISSSE.1998.738086 457:Bell Laboratories Layered 1368:: 41–59. Archived from 490:Multiple Access (WSDMA) 488:Wideband Space Division 1317: 840: 551:wireless communication 220:Radio masts and towers 1318: 841: 408:Signal-to-noise ratio 243:Safety and regulation 1397:. pp. 295–300. 854: 628: 544:spatial multiplexing 393:Radiation resistance 1508:wireless technology 1506:This article about 1203: 1136: 939: 563:Lucent Technologies 1313: 1311: 1189: 1122: 925: 836: 834: 610:Gerard J. Foschini 459:Space-Time (BLAST) 313:Near and far field 1523: 1522: 1338:Telecommunication 1061: 967: 606:Bell Laboratories 567:Bell Laboratories 529: 528: 413:Spurious emission 398:Radio propagation 388:Radiation pattern 363:Equivalent radius 358:Electrical length 265:Radio Regulations 110:Block upconverter 1578: 1566:Detection theory 1544: 1537: 1530: 1502: 1495: 1475: 1464:. Artech House. 1445: 1444: 1438: 1434: 1432: 1424: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1380: 1374: 1363: 1354: 1322: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1264: 1263: 1223: 1222: 1202: 1197: 1188: 1187: 1175: 1174: 1162: 1161: 1146: 1145: 1135: 1130: 1108: 1107: 1088: 1087: 1069: 1068: 1063: 1062: 1054: 1047: 1046: 1030: 1029: 1007: 1006: 975: 974: 969: 968: 960: 952: 951: 938: 933: 917: 916: 903: 902: 890: 889: 870: 869: 845: 843: 842: 837: 835: 831: 830: 825: 821: 820: 819: 810: 809: 775: 774: 761: 760: 751: 750: 738: 737: 736: 735: 721: 720: 705: 704: 685: 684: 661: 660: 548:multiple-antenna 521: 514: 507: 286: 200:Cellular network 140:Passive radiator 39: 16: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1548: 1491: 1482: 1472: 1457: 1454: 1452:Further reading 1449: 1448: 1435: 1425: 1413: 1392: 1391: 1387: 1378: 1376: 1372: 1361: 1356: 1355: 1351: 1346: 1332:Space–time code 1328: 1310: 1309: 1293: 1287: 1286: 1265: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1224: 1208: 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435: 429: 428: 425: 424: 421: 420: 416: 415: 410: 405: 403:Radio spectrum 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 339: 338: 335: 334: 331: 330: 326: 325: 323:Vertical plane 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 289: 288: 283: 282: 279: 278: 275: 274: 269: 258: 256: 251: 245: 242: 241: 238: 237: 233: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 197: 192: 186: 185: 182: 181: 178: 177: 173: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 107: 101: 100: 97: 96: 93: 92: 88: 87: 82: 77: 75:Satellite dish 72: 67: 62: 57: 51: 50: 45: 44: 41: 40: 32: 31: 25: 24: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1583: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1556: 1545: 1540: 1538: 1533: 1531: 1526: 1525: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1479: 1473: 1471:9781580538664 1467: 1463: 1462: 1456: 1455: 1451: 1442: 1430: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1412:0-7803-4900-8 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1389: 1386: 1375:on 2022-02-21 1371: 1367: 1360: 1353: 1350: 1343: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1329: 1325: 1323: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1281: 1270: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1250: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1199: 1194: 1190: 1184: 1181: 1171: 1168: 1164: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1142: 1138: 1132: 1127: 1123: 1113: 1111: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1094: 1084: 1081: 1073: 1065: 1055: 1048: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1033: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1003: 999: 992: 989: 986: 983: 980: 978: 971: 961: 948: 944: 940: 935: 930: 926: 922: 920: 913: 909: 899: 896: 886: 882: 875: 873: 866: 862: 849: 846: 827: 816: 806: 802: 786: 783: 780: 778: 771: 767: 757: 753: 747: 744: 732: 728: 723: 717: 713: 709: 706: 701: 697: 690: 688: 681: 677: 669: 666: 664: 657: 653: 645: 640: 635: 623: 620: 617: 613: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 588: 586: 584: 583:data capacity 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 522: 517: 515: 510: 508: 503: 502: 500: 499: 491: 485: 484: 480: 477: 475: 472: 471: 467: 463: 460: 454: 453: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 433:Beam steering 431: 430: 423: 422: 414: 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Retrieved 1370:the original 1365: 1352: 850: 847: 624: 622:Initialize: 621: 618: 614: 593: 592: 575:data streams 535: 531: 530: 456: 303:Ground plane 190:Antenna farm 47:Common types 848:Recursive: 573:, multiple 540:transceiver 443:Beamforming 348:Directivity 298:Focal cloud 160:Transmitter 1555:Categories 1379:2007-03-31 1344:References 555:scattering 448:Small cell 426:Techniques 353:Efficiency 343:Array gain 98:Components 80:Television 1439:ignored ( 1429:cite book 1298:← 1235:⁡ 1182:− 1155:σ 1059:^ 1049:− 965:^ 941:× 787:⁡ 745:− 714:σ 643:← 598:algorithm 438:Beam tilt 318:Side lobe 308:Main lobe 293:Boresight 170:Twin-lead 130:Feed line 1561:Antennas 1421:62773170 1326:See also 1277:‖ 1243:‖ 823:‖ 795:‖ 571:antennas 464:Massive 230:Wireless 145:Receiver 70:Monopole 29:Antennas 21:a series 19:Part of 594:V-BLAST 589:V-BLAST 538:) is a 205:Hotspot 183:Systems 150:Rotator 60:Fractal 1468:  1419:  1409:  581:— the 383:Height 368:Factor 55:Dipole 1510:is a 1417:S2CID 1373:(PDF) 1362:(PDF) 546:over 536:BLAST 225:Wi-Fi 215:Radio 165:Tuner 105:Balun 1512:stub 1466:ISBN 1441:help 1407:ISBN 602:MIMO 378:Gain 155:Stub 125:Feed 85:Whip 65:Loop 1399:doi 1238:min 1232:arg 790:min 784:arg 561:at 1557:: 1433:: 1431:}} 1427:{{ 1415:. 1405:. 1364:. 565:' 23:on 1543:e 1536:t 1529:v 1518:. 1474:. 1443:) 1423:. 1401:: 1382:. 1307:1 1304:+ 1301:i 1291:i 1282:2 1271:j 1267:) 1261:1 1258:+ 1255:i 1251:G 1247:( 1229:= 1220:1 1217:+ 1214:i 1210:k 1200:H 1195:i 1191:H 1185:1 1178:) 1172:t 1169:N 1165:I 1159:2 1151:+ 1148:) 1143:i 1139:H 1133:H 1128:i 1124:H 1120:( 1117:( 1114:= 1105:1 1102:+ 1099:i 1095:G 1085:i 1082:k 1078:) 1074:H 1071:( 1066:k 1056:s 1044:i 1040:r 1036:= 1027:1 1024:+ 1021:i 1017:r 1009:) 1004:k 1000:y 996:( 993:n 990:g 987:i 984:s 981:= 972:k 962:s 949:i 945:r 936:T 931:k 927:w 923:= 914:k 910:y 900:i 897:k 893:) 887:i 883:G 879:( 876:= 867:k 863:w 828:2 817:j 813:) 807:1 803:G 799:( 781:= 772:1 768:k 758:H 754:H 748:1 741:) 733:t 729:N 724:I 718:2 710:+ 707:H 702:H 698:H 694:( 691:= 682:1 678:G 670:r 667:= 658:1 654:r 646:1 636:i 534:( 520:e 513:t 506:v 267:) 263:(

Index

a series
Antennas

Common types
Dipole
Fractal
Loop
Monopole
Satellite dish
Television
Whip
Balun
Block upconverter
Coaxial cable
Counterpoise (ground system)
Feed
Feed line
Low-noise block downconverter
Passive radiator
Receiver
Rotator
Stub
Transmitter
Tuner
Twin-lead
Antenna farm
Amateur radio
Cellular network
Hotspot
Municipal wireless network

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