54:
45:
2241:
1715:
879:. Forehand is followed by the remaining players in anticlockwise order. This continues until everyone has had 2 opportunities to exchange or the talon is exhausted. The talon is then placed to one side. The trump face-up belongs to the dealer who may exchange cards in the same way as the others before exchanging with the trump card. It is thus a major advantage to be the dealer.
747:) and all must play. In some circles a force must be played if there is a single or double pot. If all pass the dealer sweeps the pot, unless a player who passed now decides to take on the dealer. Players may also agree that, in the first after a force, the player to the right of the dealer must play if all others have passed.
775:
is shown immediately and its holder sweeps the pot. Everyone else is bĂȘte and pays 5 chips to the next pot. If it is not a force, the player may pass and draw the pot afterwards. Those who pass pay 5 chips to the next pot, those who bid to play pay the same amount as was in the pot. A player who
918:
and has to pay a penalty equivalent to the contents of the pot. All bĂȘtes are paid in at once, but if the pool becomes too large, it may be agreed that they can be paid in successive deals. Players may pass if there is a bĂȘte in the pool, but all must play if it only holds the basic ante.
901:
Second trick. The winner of the first trick must lead a trump to the second in like manner. Whoever holds the Under Bower (the one of the same suit colour as the trump Jack) must play it with the exception of the dealer who may hold it back if able to win the trick with another
891:
First trick. Forehand must lead with the Best Bower or, if that is not held, any other trump card. Lacking both, forehand may play any card face down and announce "Trump!" If another player has the Best Bower, it must be played to the first trick, with the exception of
700:. Rearhand alone may keep it if able to take the first trick with a lower trump. The second Jack must be played to the second trick. Again rearhand, may keep it if able to trump the trick with another card. Players may play any card to the remaining tricks.
573:; the last was described by Parlett as "characterised by the promotion of two Jacks to topmost position as Right and Left Bowers, a feature variously represented or paralleled in late 18th-early 19th century west German games such as
984:
Alvensleben does not specify that players must follow suit; in fact, in the last 3 tricks it suggests they can play any card. However, Georgens (1888) makes clear that suit must be followed, and some 19th century Dutch rules (see
565:
of 1800 also states that the Bower of Spades was the highest trump, indicating that in the earliest rules there was just one fixed top trump card, unlike the later rules which introduce 2 variable ones and more complex rules.
722:
and must pay as much as is in the pot. However the pot is not always doubled; instead the bĂȘte increases by 5 each time. If there is a bĂȘte, players may pass (fold) by laying away their cards; otherwise all must play.
616:
have no special role. The trump Ace is not protected and penalty payments are not fixed but on a rising scale. Despite the alternative name of
Lanterlu, it does not mention flushes as in the later rules below.
378:
that regulated gambling games. This stated that "card games in which the stakes in many places are very high and especially the game which is called Bester Bauer or Five Cards, Five
Pfennigs (
196:
of card games characterised by allowing players to drop out of the current game if they think they will be unable to win any tricks or a minimum number of tricks. It may be an ancestor of
592:
meant "best farmer") and is named after its highest card, originally the Jack of Spades, but later the trump Jack. The second highest trump is the jack of the same suit colour, the
739:
Up to seven may play, but most common is five. A full 52-card pack is used, but the 2s and 3s may be dropped if fewer than six play. The trump Jack is now called the Best Bower (
843:, shuffles the pack, offers it to the player to the left to cut and then deals five cards to each player, anticlockwise, in packets of 3, then 2. The next card is turned for
501:
It appears to be a regional game: Parlett suggests it was played in the south and west of
Germany, but it is also recorded in north Germany, for example in the area of
362:
The game is recorded in the 18th and 19th centuries in German and Dutch game anthologies and dictionaries, appearing as early as 1777 in an ordinance for the city of
1570:
398:..." Moreover, "the game which is called Bester Bauer should never be played higher than 5 card, 5 pfennigs, and the bĂȘte should not rise to more than 3 stakes."
731:
In 1828, more comprehensive rules for "Lanterlui or Beste Boeren" appear, in which flushes make an appearance. All is as in Beste Boer except as stated below.
482:
771:
and wins without play. In the rare event of two players having one, the highest ranking flush wins and trumps outrank a side suit. In a force, the
692:
Forehand must lead the Trump Jack if held; failing that any trump. Lacking trumps, forehand plays any card face down, saying "trump". Apart from
819:, lit. "Next Jack"), Ace, King, Queen, Ten, Nine, Eight, Seven; and, in the remaining suits: Ace, King, Queen, (Jack), Ten, Nine, Eight, Seven.
608:
Dutch rules for "Beste Boer or
Lanterlu" first appear in 1810. They differ from English Lanterloo in that the highest trump is not fixed as the
1450:
2265:
1488:
935:
Five Cards may have appeared first, was renamed Bester Bube or Beste Boer when the Jacks were promoted and
Lanterlu when the flush was added.
291:. Although Bester Bube is sometimes equated in the literature with Five Cards, the latter may have been the forerunner of Bester Bube played
2274:
2256:
247:
It is often equated in the literature with a game whose name means "five cards", after the five cards dealt to a hand, and variously spelt
1002:
Presumably a player whose only trump was the Under Bower to begin with must play it to the first trick but none of the rules are explicit.
486:, but by 1950 it appears to have dropped out of favour, being then described by Culbertson and Hoyle as "an obsolete card game similar to
887:
Players must follow suit if able; otherwise are free to play any card. There are additional rules for the first two tricks as follows:
425:("Jack of Spades", also figuratively a foolish person) is the highest card which beats all the others." It is also recorded in 1808 in
759:, there is no obligation to lead trumps to the first 2 tricks. Otherwise it is as before. However, players must follow suit if able.
1426:
394:) is allowed to rise to the highest level... especially card games, whatever they are called, are not to be played for more than 4
314:
A third name sometimes equated with Bester Bube relates to the flush or sequence that sometimes scores in the game; these include
2313:
2247:
2308:
413:. In 1802 it is mentioned as a "people's card game" in a Holstein dialect dictionary, both as "Lenter" and "Besten Buur", and
1556:
1395:
1799:
1563:
680:
or exchange any number of hand cards with the stock and commit to play. There may be two rounds of exchanging. The trump
780:
by exchanging only takes the contents of the pot and there are no bĂȘtes. In some circles, a four-card flush counts as a
1349:
1915:
1739:
1512:
1502:
796:. The earliest rules appear in 1808, but the following is based on a fuller description by von Alvensleben (1853).
2303:
1430:
208:
The game goes under a variety of dialectical names, some named after the top card the "Best Bower"; these include
2323:
1372:
1699:
1664:
857:, players may choose to "play" or "pass" provided there is more than the dealer's ante of five chips in the
1839:
1809:
2085:
2040:
1529:
872:
673:
574:
473:
53:
44:
2298:
1869:
1684:
1659:
375:
371:
1594:
2318:
2065:
1925:
1859:
1854:
1779:
828:
792:
The German game of Bester Bube is very similar to Dutch Beste Boer, there being no equivalent of the
654:
957:
if able, or whether they may play any card without the need to follow. Parlett specifies the latter.
2035:
2015:
1935:
1894:
1834:
1533:
1374:
Nieuwe beschrijving der meest gebruikelijke kaartspelen, zoo als die hier te lande gespeeld worden.
1366:
Nieuwe beschrijving der meest gebruikelijke kaartspelen, zoo als die hier te lande gespeeld worden.
896:(the dealer), who has the right to keep it provided he or she can win the trick with another trump.
804:
638:
630:
434:
164:
1749:
1247:
1849:
1629:
743:). The first hand of the game and any hand when there is only a single pot (5 chips) is a force (
458:
1940:
1879:
2225:
2106:
2045:
1804:
1649:
1614:
1484:
429:
as "Bester Bube" and by 1836 FĂŒnfkart was described as a game played by the lower classes in
1694:
906:
For the third, fourth and fifth tricks, the winner of the previous trick may lead any card.
677:
466:
442:
97:
612:
J (Pam) but depends on the trump suit, the Jack of the same colour is the second trump and
2219:
1874:
1679:
1639:
487:
990:
915:
719:
387:
584:
Bester Bube (pronounced "Boober") means "Best Jack" or "Best Bower" (the original names
2020:
1975:
1960:
1955:
1704:
1689:
1604:
1476:
1421:
Platt-deutsches Wörter-Buch: nach der alten und neuen
Pommerschen und RĂŒgischen Mundart
1405:
844:
650:
626:
401:
The game is also recorded in 1781, in a Low German dictionary where it is equated with
241:
2292:
1774:
1669:
1644:
1465:
1445:
876:
862:
756:
697:
669:
665:
613:
491:
197:
2050:
1970:
1824:
1714:
1634:
1495:
1409:
914:
Players win one chip for each trick taken. A player who fails to win any tricks is
858:
854:
836:
832:
668:
a round of 3 cards each followed by a round of 2 cards each and turns the next for
657:
634:
506:
367:
296:
2000:
1459:
Endeholz: Quellen und
Darstellungen zur Geschichte des Dorfes und seiner Einwohner
545:, which also referred to the possession of five trumps in the game, also called a
410:
1270:
2177:
2116:
2060:
2010:
1985:
1965:
1829:
954:
875:, the player to the dealer's right, exchanges as many cards as desired with the
840:
800:
661:
578:
538:
450:
446:
430:
319:
189:
156:
124:
86:
1351:
Das neue Königliche lâHombre nebst einer grĂŒndlichen
Anweisung wie Quadrille...
2090:
1754:
808:
363:
327:
193:
2213:
2195:
2183:
2111:
2030:
2005:
1995:
1945:
1864:
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550:
343:
185:
160:
17:
2203:
2191:
2173:
2142:
2126:
2075:
2070:
2025:
1990:
1980:
1899:
1884:
1844:
1654:
1609:
1599:
893:
696:, if any other player has the trump Jack, it must be played to the first
693:
438:
383:
280:
233:
1548:
2207:
2152:
2080:
2055:
1889:
1794:
1769:
1764:
1744:
1674:
417:
is described as "playing the card game of besten Bauren , in which the
395:
342:(Dutch). The latter is clearly related to the English name of the game
225:
76:
2199:
2187:
2157:
1950:
1819:
1814:
1789:
1784:
1759:
1734:
1729:
1619:
953:
It is unclear whether this means players may lead any card, but must
681:
570:
354:
by SchĂŒtze (1800), but it was also a separate game in its own right.
152:
295:
the feature of two top Jacks, hence why
Seelmann, in commenting on
2147:
2121:
1930:
1624:
831:
is the player who draws the lowest card from the pack. The dealer
502:
462:
454:
1543:
Korrespondenzblatt des
Vereins fĂŒr Niederdeutsche Sprachforschung
1382:
Korrespondenzblatt des Vereins fĂŒr niederdeutsche Sprachforschung
1218:
Korrespondenzblatt des Vereins fĂŒr niederdeutsche Sprachforschung
521:
in 1808 and then appear in a Dutch card game handbook of 1810 as
1552:
549:, or to the five top trumps. Lenter was equated to the English
1402:, Part 2 (1775â1802), publ. 1823. Hildesheim: J. E. Katthagen.
1022:
966:
Presumably reducing to 5 after a game in which no-one is bĂȘte.
767:
The key change is that a player with a five card flush, has a
184:("Five Cards with the Best Bowers"), is an historical German
509:
and in Hamburg, where it also appears to have been known as
807:. The following rules are based on von Alvensleben. In the
718:
of the pot. Any player who fails to take a trick becomes
1333:
Nieuwe beschrijving der meest gebruikelijke kaartspelen
944:
Presumably a trump or face down card must be led again.
1499:, Vol. 6. Leipzig, Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut.
989:
above) add that players who fail to do so must pay a
684:
belongs to the dealer who discards a card in return.
1396:"Landesherrliche Verordnung gegen die Hazard-Spiele"
799:
It is played between 3 to 6 players using a 32-card
645:) is the highest card, followed by the second Jack (
569:
Bester Bube may be related to Juckerspiel and hence
33:
Old north European game with two Jacks as top trumps
2166:
2135:
2099:
1908:
1722:
1587:
146:
138:
130:
120:
112:
104:
93:
82:
72:
1414:Culbertson's Hoyle: The New Encyclopedia of Games
853:. After the first deal and after reviewing their
1394:Bishop of Hildesheim, Frederick William (1777).
1183:
1181:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1113:
1111:
1564:
480:. It is still current in the 1905 edition of
171:Features: 2 Jacks as top trumps; 5-card hands
8:
1275:at www.parlettgames.uk. Retrieved 3 Dec 2018
1252:at oostfraeisk.org. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
537:in 1828 and 1844. The game was known in the
27:
1472:. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.
1134:
1132:
1571:
1557:
1549:
1438:List, Gottlieb Christian Heinrich (1785).
1493:Seelmann, Prof. Dr. Wilhelm, ed. (1880).
1457:Meyer, Adolf and Hans TĂŒrschmann (2004).
1238:_ (1828), pp. 58-64; _ (1844), pp. 51 ff.
1092:
1090:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
784:if it is not beaten by a five-card one.
311:" ("Five Cards with the Best Bowers").
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1036:
1027:at www.pagat.com. Retrieved 16 Oct 2018
1015:
928:
1454:, Vol. 2 (FâJ), NeumĂŒnster: Wachholtz.
1391:, Schleswig-Holsteinischer Heimatbund.
1196:Meyer & TĂŒrschmann (2004), p. 167.
26:
1519:, Part 3 (Lenter), Villaume, Hamburg.
1509:, Part 1 (Buuren), Villaume, Hamburg.
1423:, Christian Lorenz Struck, Stralsund.
811:, cards rank as follows: Best Bower (
7:
1440:BeytrÀge zur Statistik von Göttingen
1354:, J.G. Herold, Frankfurt and Leipzig
975:Presumably the dealer must play too.
483:Meyer's GroĂes Konversations-Lexikon
267:(Holsteinish). In Low German it was
1451:Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wörterbuch
1272:Euchre and related five-trick games
1084:Bishop of Hildesheim (1777), p. 18.
596:("Under Bower" or "Under Jack") or
498:, but agrees that it is "defunct".
1522:StĂŒrenburg, Cirk Heinrich (1857).
815:, lit. "Best Jack"), Under Bower (
517:. Its rules are first recorded in
370:issued under the authority of the
25:
1435:, Vol. 4. Stuttgart: J. Scherble.
1427:Hoffmann, Karl Friedrich Vollrath
1361:. 15th edn. Amsterdam: C. Timmer.
409:, a game with its aficionados in
2240:
2239:
1713:
1400:Hildesheimische Landes-Ordnungen
1166:Von Alvensleben (1853), pp. 44ff
64:
52:
43:
676:, players, in turn, may either
600:("Side Bower" or "Side Jack").
469:and, less often, Solo as well.
1481:The Penguin Book of Card Games
1470:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
1432:Deutschland und seine Bewohner
1359:Handleiding tot het Kaartspel.
188:for 3â6 players played with a
1:
1419:DĂ€hnert, Johann Carl (1781).
1301:Handleiding tot het Kaartspel
865:in which everyone must play.
609:
2266:Patience and solitaire games
1312:Parlett (2008), pp. 105â106.
1187:Parlett (2008), pp. 105/106.
1139:Das neue Königliche lâHombre
649:) i.e. the Jack of the same
553:or Lanteraloo and the Dutch
519:Das neue königliche l'Hombre
427:Das neue königliche l'Hombre
182:Fiefkort mit 'n besten Buren
2275:Tarot and Tarock card games
2257:Non trick-taking card games
1916:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
1800:GĂ©, Point, Flux et Sequence
1740:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
1057:Mensing (1928), pp. 78, 80.
625:Three to six players use a
309:Fiefkort mit'n besten Buren
301:De Reisâ nah Konstantinopel
2340:
1526:. Carl Otto Sende, Aurich.
1377:H. Moolenijzer, Amsterdam.
1368:H. Moolenijzer, Amsterdam.
1261:StĂŒrenburg (1857), p. 134.
1175:Culbertson (1950), p. 593.
633:(AKQJ10987). In the trump
2235:
1711:
1524:Ostfriesisches Wörterbuch
1513:SchĂŒtze, Johann Friedrich
1503:SchĂŒtze, Johann Friedrich
380:FĂŒnf Karten, FĂŒnf Pfennig
170:
151:
63:Best and Under Bowers if
37:
32:
1517:Holsteinisches Idiotikon
1507:Holsteinisches Idiotikon
1284:Wachholtz (1910), p. 42.
1220:(1907), pp. 42 & 56.
1066:Seelmann (1880), p. 513.
563:Holsteinisches Idiotikon
494:includes it in his 2008
476:included it in his 1853
2314:18th-century card games
2248:Trick-taking card games
1620:Hannikin canst abide it
1538:. Otto Wigand, Leipzig.
1535:EncyclopÀdie der Spiele
1461:, TĂŒrschmann, Endeholz.
1150:Hoffmann (1836), p. 12.
1117:SchĂŒtze (1800), p. 194.
1048:SchĂŒtze (1801), p. 208.
708:Each trick taken earns
478:EncyclopÀdie der Spiele
2309:French deck card games
1541:Wachholtz, K. (1910).
1229:_ (1810), pp. 249â251.
1126:SchĂŒtze (1802), p. 26.
1096:DĂ€hnert (1781), p. 63.
1075:SchĂŒtze (1800), p. 26.
1024:Card Games: Rams Group
861:. The first deal is a
529:, and subsequently as
382:), is played for five
283:, the game was called
490:". The games scholar
372:King of Great Britain
275:; in Mecklenburgish,
180:("Best Bower"), also
1303:(1810), pp. 249â251.
1141:(1808), pp. 323/324.
1530:Von Alvensleben, L.
1483:, Penguin, London.
1105:List (1785), p. 203
1039:, pp. 190/191.
805:French-suited cards
631:French-suited cards
435:French-suited cards
433:, exclusively with
307:"was mostly called
192:. It is one of the
29:
1630:Laugh and lie down
1416:. Greystone Press.
1389:Schleswig-Holstein
1335:(1828), pp. 51â55.
1206:Schleswig-Holstein
577:, Bester Bube and
496:Book of Card Games
405:, and in 1785, as
386:and the so-called
163: •
159: •
155: •
2304:German card games
2286:
2285:
1489:978-0-141-03787-5
672:. Beginning with
175:
174:
16:(Redirected from
2331:
2324:Dutch card games
2279:
2273:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2242:
1835:Homme d'Auvergne
1717:
1695:Ruff and honours
1573:
1566:
1559:
1550:
1473:
1384:, Volumes 28-33.
1336:
1330:
1313:
1310:
1304:
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1259:
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994:
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967:
964:
958:
951:
945:
942:
936:
933:
717:
716:
712:
611:
407:Bestebauer-Spiel
350:is equated with
134:A K Q J 10 9 8 7
66:
56:
47:
30:
21:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2328:
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2268:
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2250:
2244:
2231:
2162:
2131:
2095:
1904:
1875:Quarante de Roi
1718:
1709:
1645:My sow's pigged
1583:
1577:
1464:
1406:Culbertson, Ely
1345:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1299:
1288:
1283:
1279:
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1265:
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1256:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1208:(1967), p. 207.
1204:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1137:
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1125:
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1116:
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1104:
1100:
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1083:
1079:
1074:
1070:
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1031:
1021:
1017:
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1007:
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1001:
997:
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979:
974:
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965:
961:
952:
948:
943:
939:
934:
930:
925:
912:
885:
825:
790:
765:
753:
737:
729:
714:
710:
709:
706:
690:
660:5 chips to the
623:
606:
474:Von Alvensleben
360:
303:, reports that
251:(High German),
216:(High German);
206:
131:Rank (highâlow)
68:
61:
60:
59:
58:
57:
49:
48:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2337:
2335:
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2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2291:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2236:
2233:
2232:
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2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2181:
2170:
2168:
2164:
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2161:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2026:Fett und Mager
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1956:Fett und Mager
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
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1737:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1720:
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1712:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1705:Wit and reason
1702:
1697:
1692:
1690:Queen Nazarene
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1605:Costly colours
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1568:
1561:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1539:
1527:
1520:
1510:
1500:
1491:
1477:Parlett, David
1474:
1466:Parlett, David
1462:
1455:
1443:
1436:
1424:
1417:
1403:
1392:
1385:
1378:
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1168:
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1128:
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1086:
1077:
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1059:
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1041:
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1008:
1005:
1004:
995:
977:
968:
959:
946:
937:
927:
926:
924:
921:
911:
908:
904:
903:
898:
897:
884:
881:
824:
821:
789:
786:
764:
761:
757:active players
752:
749:
736:
733:
728:
725:
705:
702:
689:
686:
627:shortened pack
622:
619:
605:
602:
359:
356:
238:Beste Boer(en)
205:
202:
173:
172:
168:
167:
149:
148:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
95:
91:
90:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
62:
51:
50:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
35:
34:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2336:
2325:
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2300:
2297:
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2227:
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2218:
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2212:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
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2182:
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2175:
2172:
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2169:
2165:
2159:
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2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
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2138:
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2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
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2102:
2098:
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2079:
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2064:
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2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
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1939:
1937:
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1932:
1929:
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1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1901:
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1813:
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1808:
1806:
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1801:
1798:
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1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1775:Brusquembille
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
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1728:
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1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1670:Post and pair
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
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1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1496:Reuters Werke
1492:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1446:Mensing, Otto
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1404:
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1397:
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1390:
1386:
1383:
1379:
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1367:
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1302:
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1199:
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1190:
1184:
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1169:
1163:
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1159:
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1147:
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1129:
1123:
1120:
1114:
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1108:
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1099:
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1087:
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1072:
1069:
1063:
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1054:
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1045:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1009:
999:
996:
992:
988:
981:
978:
972:
969:
963:
960:
956:
950:
947:
941:
938:
932:
929:
922:
920:
917:
909:
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900:
899:
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889:
888:
882:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
823:Preliminaries
822:
820:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
797:
795:
787:
785:
783:
779:
774:
770:
762:
760:
758:
750:
748:
746:
742:
735:Preliminaries
734:
732:
726:
724:
721:
703:
701:
699:
695:
687:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
621:Preliminaries
620:
618:
615:
603:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
572:
567:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
492:David Parlett
489:
485:
484:
479:
475:
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
357:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
203:
201:
199:
198:Five-Card Loo
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
169:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
147:Related games
145:
142:Anticlockwise
141:
137:
133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
55:
46:
36:
31:
19:
2299:Euchre group
2278:}}
2272:{{
2269:}}
2263:{{
2260:}}
2254:{{
2251:}}
2245:{{
2192:Hundertspiel
1981:Hundertspiel
1971:German Tarok
1926:Bierschlauch
1920:
1750:BĂȘte HombrĂ©e
1735:As Qui Court
1635:Losing lodam
1545:, Volume 30.
1542:
1534:
1523:
1516:
1506:
1494:
1480:
1469:
1458:
1449:
1439:
1431:
1420:
1413:
1410:Edmond Hoyle
1399:
1388:
1381:
1373:
1365:
1358:
1350:
1332:
1308:
1300:
1280:
1271:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1201:
1192:
1171:
1146:
1138:
1122:
1101:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1037:Parlett 1990
1032:
1023:
1018:
998:
986:
980:
971:
962:
949:
940:
931:
913:
905:
886:
868:
867:
851:Dropping out
850:
849:
826:
816:
812:
798:
793:
791:
781:
777:
772:
768:
766:
754:
744:
740:
738:
730:
707:
691:
646:
642:
637:, the trump
624:
607:
597:
593:
590:Bester Bauer
589:
585:
583:
568:
562:
558:
554:
546:
542:
539:East Frisian
534:
531:Beste Boeren
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
511:Bester Buern
510:
507:Lower Saxony
500:
495:
481:
477:
471:
449:, while the
437:, alongside
426:
422:
418:
414:
406:
403:Lenter-Spiel
402:
400:
391:
379:
368:Lower Saxony
361:
351:
347:
339:
335:
331:
323:
320:East Frisian
315:
313:
308:
304:
300:
292:
288:
284:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
246:
237:
229:
221:
218:Bester Buern
217:
214:Bester Bauer
213:
209:
207:
181:
177:
176:
18:Bester Bauer
2319:Round games
2117:Primo visto
2061:Scherwenzel
2051:Sansprendre
2021:MĂŒller Matz
2011:Kontraspiel
1986:Juckerspiel
1976:GrobhÀusern
1966:German Solo
1961:FĂŒnfzehnern
1921:Bester Bube
1830:Hoc Mazarin
1700:Speculation
1665:Pope Julius
1610:French ruff
1579:Historical
955:follow suit
813:Bester Bube
801:Piquet pack
788:Bester Bube
647:Tweede Boer
586:Bester Buur
579:Kontraspiel
541:dialect as
515:Bester Buur
451:dignitaries
431:Mecklenburg
423:Pique Bauer
352:Bester Buur
324:Lenterspiel
299:1867 work,
234:Holsteinish
230:Bester Buur
222:Bester Buur
210:Bester Bube
190:Piquet pack
178:Bester Bube
157:Juckerspiel
125:Piquet pack
87:Plain-trick
28:Bester Bube
2293:Categories
2222:(Scottish)
2210:(Austrian)
2188:Elfmandeln
2091:Vogelspiel
2086:Trischaken
1755:Bouillotte
1581:card games
1387:_ (1967).
1380:_ (1907).
1371:_ (1828).
1364:_ (1821).
1357:_ (1810).
1348:_ (1808).
1343:Literature
1010:References
869:Exchanging
827:The first
809:trump suit
741:Beste Boer
643:Troef-Boer
604:Beste Boer
561:, and the
523:Beste Boer
443:Schafskopf
419:Spadenbuur
364:Hildesheim
328:Low German
253:Fiefkarten
194:Rams group
67:are trumps
2228:(Swedish)
2214:Romestecq
2196:Piquesept
2184:Einwerfen
2112:Minchiate
2031:Piquesept
2006:Kauflabet
2001:Karnöffel
1996:Karniffel
1946:Einwerfen
1941:Cinquille
1880:Quintille
1870:Quadrille
1865:Quadrette
1840:Impériale
1810:Guimbarde
1685:Quadrille
1660:Pope Joan
1442:. Berlin.
987:Lanterlui
923:Footnotes
817:Nebenbube
794:Lanterlui
782:Lanterlui
778:Lanterlui
773:Lanterlui
769:Lanterlui
755:With two
727:Lanterlui
598:Nebenbube
594:Unterbube
551:Lanterloo
547:Bauerchen
535:Lanterlui
411:Göttingen
344:Lanterloo
340:Lanterlui
289:Fiefander
285:Fiefkaart
277:Fiefkoort
273:Fiefkartl
269:Fiefkaart
265:Fiefander
257:Fiefkaart
186:card game
161:Lanterloo
2204:Sticheln
2180:(Polish)
2178:DruĆŒbart
2174:Chapanka
2143:Conquian
2127:Trappola
2076:Sticheln
2071:Spitzeln
2066:Schlauch
2046:RĂŒmpffen
1991:Kaschlan
1931:Brusbart
1900:Triomphe
1885:Reversis
1860:Pamphile
1855:Papillon
1845:Lenterlu
1780:Commerce
1655:Penneech
1600:Bone ace
1532:(1853).
1515:(1802).
1505:(1800).
1479:(2008).
1468:(1990).
1448:(1928).
1429:(1836).
1412:(1950).
894:rearhand
873:Forehand
776:makes a
694:rearhand
678:drop out
674:forehand
559:Lanturlu
555:Lanterlu
527:Lanterlu
472:In 1853
439:Dreikart
396:pfennigs
384:groschen
336:Lanturlu
332:Lanterlu
305:FĂŒnfkart
297:Reuter's
281:Holstein
261:Fiefkort
249:FĂŒnfkart
2216:(Dutch)
2208:Tatteln
2153:Primero
2136:Spanish
2100:Italian
2081:Tatteln
2056:Saunigl
2041:RĂ©union
2036:Pollack
2016:Mariage
1936:Cassino
1895:Tontine
1890:Sizette
1795:Emprunt
1770:Brisque
1765:Briscan
1675:Primero
1588:English
910:Winning
863:'force'
839:to the
763:Winning
713:⁄
704:Winning
614:flushes
575:RĂ©union
453:played
376:Hanover
358:History
293:without
226:Hamburg
165:Reunion
105:Players
77:Germany
2200:Skwitz
2158:Rentoy
1951:Elfern
1909:German
1850:Mouche
1790:Culbas
1785:Coucou
1760:Brelan
1730:Ambigu
1723:French
1487:
1249:lenter
902:trump.
829:dealer
682:upcard
655:Dealer
651:colour
629:of 32
571:Euchre
543:Lenter
459:Boston
415:buuren
348:Lenter
316:Lenter
153:Euchre
94:Family
73:Origin
2226:Kille
2167:Other
2148:Ombre
2122:Ronfa
2107:Gilet
1805:Gilet
1650:Noddy
1625:Ombre
1615:Gleek
1595:Andro
877:talon
855:hands
845:trump
837:chips
835:five
833:antes
698:trick
670:trump
666:deals
658:antes
503:Celle
463:Ombre
455:Whist
279:. In
242:Dutch
236:) or
204:Names
113:Cards
100:group
1820:HĂšre
1745:BĂȘte
1485:ISBN
1408:and
991:bĂȘte
916:bĂȘte
883:Play
859:pool
751:Play
745:moet
720:bĂȘte
688:Play
639:Jack
635:suit
467:Faro
447:Solo
445:and
392:Beet
388:bĂȘte
374:and
139:Play
121:Deck
98:Rams
89:game
83:Type
2220:Maw
1825:Hoc
1815:Her
1680:Put
1640:Maw
1398:in
841:pot
803:of
662:pot
653:.
588:or
581:."
557:or
533:or
525:or
513:or
505:in
488:Loo
421:or
366:in
338:or
330:);
322:);
287:or
271:or
263:or
244:).
228:);
220:or
212:or
108:3-6
2295::
2206:,
2202:,
2198:,
2194:,
2190:,
2186:,
2176:,
1317:^
1289:^
1180:^
1155:^
1131:^
1110:^
1089:^
871:.
847:.
664:,
465:,
461:,
457:,
441:,
346:.
334:,
259:,
255:;
200:.
116:32
1572:e
1565:t
1558:v
993:.
715:5
711:1
641:(
610:âŁ
390:(
326:(
318:(
240:(
232:(
224:(
65:âŠ
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
