4267:
from the Hebrew
Scriptures and then we have referred back to the Hebrew text to ascertain whether the divine name appears there. In this way we determined the identity to give Kyʹri·os and The·osʹ and the personality with which to clothe them." Explaining further, the Committee said: "To avoid overstepping the bounds of a translator into the field of exegesis, we have been most cautious about rendering the divine name in the Christian Greek Scriptures, always carefully considering the Hebrew Scriptures as a background. We have looked for agreement from the Hebrew versions to confirm our rendering." Such agreement from Hebrew versions exists in all the 237 places that the New World Bible Translation Committee has rendered the divine name in the body of its translation.
2917:—a project that intends to commence Bible translation in every remaining language community by 2025. It was realised that, at the rates of Bible translation at that point, it would take until at least 2150 until Bible translation began in every language that was needing a translation. Since the launch of Vision 2025, Bible translation efforts have increased dramatically, in large part due to the technology that is now available. Due to the increase, at current rates, Bible translation will begin in every language by 2038, thus being 112 years faster.
1488:
37:
1627:. In some cases these additions were originally composed in Greek, while in other cases they are translations of Hebrew books or of Hebrew variants not present in the Masoretic texts. Recent discoveries have shown that more of the Septuagint additions have a Hebrew origin than previously thought. While there are no complete surviving manuscripts of the Hebrew texts on which the Septuagint was based, many scholars believe that they represent a different textual tradition ("
770:
65:
3225:
708:
1977:
1254:. The Latin-speaking western church led by the Pope did not translate the Scriptures or liturgy into languages of recently converted peoples such as the Irish, Franks or Norsemen. By contrast, the Eastern Orthodox Church, centred in Constantinople, did, in some cases, translate the Scriptures and liturgy, most successfully in the case of the Slavonic language of Eastern Europe.
2938:
2185:
2920:
As of
September 2023, they estimated that around 99.8 million people spoke those 1,268 languages where translation work still needs to begin. This represents 17.1% of all languages (based off an estimate of 7,394 total languages) and 1.3% of the human population (based of a global population of 7.42
1395:
Most variants among the manuscripts are minor, such as alternative spelling, alternative word order, the presence or absence of an optional definite article ("the"), and so on. Occasionally, a major variant happens when a portion of a text was missing or for other reasons. Examples of major variants
4266:
appendix, pp. 1564–66. When discussing "Restoring the Divine Name," the New World Bible
Translation Committee states: "To know where the divine name was replaced by the Greek words Κύριος and Θεός, we have determined where the inspired Christian writers have quoted verses, passages and expressions
3190:
into the New World
Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (New Testament) a total of 237 times while the New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) uses Jehovah a total of 6,979 times to a grand total of 7,216 in the entire 2013 Revision New World Translation of the Holy
3147:
Less literal translations reflect the translator's theological, linguistic or cultural interpretations; the result is more easily consumed by lay readers. This contrasts with more literal translations where interpretation is left to the reader; lay readers may be unfamiliar with ancient idioms and
2962:
Modern critical editions incorporate ongoing scholarly research, including discoveries of Greek papyrus fragments from near
Alexandria, Egypt, that date in some cases within a few decades of the original New Testament writings. Today, most critical editions of the Greek New Testament, such as UBS4
2924:
In total, there are 3,736 languages without any Bible translation at all, but an estimated 1,148 of these (with a population of 9.6 million people) are likely to never need a Bible because they are very similar to other languages, or spoken by very few speakers where the language will die out very
3668:
with typical embellishments, Augustine adds the remark, "It is their translation that it has now become traditional to call the
Septuagint" ...... Augustine thus indicates that this name for the Greek translation of the scriptures was a recent development. But he offers no clue as to which of the
2985:
which is similar to it but is a critical edition that relies on earlier manuscripts of the
Byzantine text-type. Among these, some argue that the Byzantine tradition contains scribal additions, but these later interpolations preserve the orthodox interpretations of the biblical text—as part of the
3628:. Jerome began by revising the earlier Latin translations, but ended by going back to the original Greek, bypassing all translations, and going back to the original Hebrew wherever he could instead of the Septuagint. The New Testament and at least some of the Old Testament was translated into
2928:
Bible translation is currently happening in 3,283 languages in 167 countries. This work impacts 1.15 billion people, or about 15.5 percent of all language users, who have (or will soon have) new access to at least some portions of
Scripture in their first language.
2978:
Critical editions that rely primarily on the
Alexandrian text-type inform nearly all modern translations (and revisions of older translations). For reasons of tradition, however, some translators prefer to use the Textus Receptus for the Greek text, or use the
1330:. This sometimes required the selection of an interpretation; since some words differ only in their vowels their meaning can vary in accordance with the vowels chosen. In antiquity, variant Hebrew readings existed, some of which have survived in the
2003:) to correct their text—especially if a scribe accidentally omitted a word or line—and to comment about the text. When later scribes were copying the copy, they were sometimes uncertain if a note was intended to be included as part of the text. See
3162:
In addition to linguistic concerns, theological issues also drive Bible translations. Some translations of the Bible, produced by single churches or groups of churches, may be seen as subject to a point of view by the translation committee.
2897:
The Bible is the most translated book in the world. The United Bible
Societies announced that as of 31 December 2007 the complete Bible was available in 438 languages, 123 of which included the deuterocanonical material as well as the
2204:, who reconstructed a Greek text from several recent manuscripts of the Byzantine text-type, to accompany his Latin revision and philological annotations. He produced four later editions of this text. Erasmus was Catholic, and his
1379:
written by the original authors or collators, have not survived. Scholars surmise the original Greek text from the manuscripts that do survive. The three main textual traditions of the Greek New Testament are sometimes called the
1845:
texts. Jerome began by revising these earlier Latin translations, but ended by going back to the original Greek, bypassing all translations, and going back to the original Hebrew wherever he could instead of the Septuagint.
3074:, there is in some cases an ongoing critical tension about whether it is better to give a word-for-word translation, to give a translation that gives a parallel idiom in the target language, or to invent a neologism.
3202:) have been published that are even more rigorous in transliterating the tetragrammaton using Semitic forms to translate it in the Old Testament and also using the same Semitic forms to translate the Greek word
1918:
in the 5th century. This claim has been disputed by modern Georgian scholars, although the creation of a Georgian alphabet was likely still motivated by Christians who wished to translate holy scriptures.
3412:
Some scholars hypothesize that certain books (whether completely or partially) may have been written in Aramaic before being translated for widespread dissemination. One very famous example of this is
391:
1210:
The Old Testament, written in Hebrew (with some sections in the book of Daniel in the Aramaic language) was translated into Aramaic (the so-called Targums, originally not written down), Greek and
1277:
include errors, omissions, additions, changes, and alternate translations. In some cases, different translations have been used as evidence for or have been motivated by doctrinal differences.
4399:
2060:, which he prefixed to a code of laws he promulgated around this time. In approximately 990, a full and freestanding version of the four Gospels in idiomatic Old English appeared, in the
3213:, by translation and explanatory footnotes, promoting the position that Christians should not drink alcohol, that New Testament references to "wine" are translated as "grape juice".
4541:
2458:
thus became the 12th nation in the world with a complete Bible in their language. The translation of the New Testament was based on the work by Dalmatin's mentor, the Protestant
4191:
4800:
3367:
2130:
in 1408 under church law; possession of material that contained Lollard material (such as the so-called General Prologue found in a few Wycliffite Bibles) was also illegal by
2998:
A variety of linguistic, philological and ideological approaches to translation have been used. Inside the Bible-translation community, these are commonly categorized as:
4088:
4867:
1120:
2975:
includes the result of votes among scholars, ranging from certain {A} to doubtful {E}, on which variants best preserve the original Greek text of the New Testament.
1612:
The translation now known as the Septuagint was widely used by Greek-speaking Jews, and later by Christians. It differs somewhat from the later standardized Hebrew (
4392:
4148:
2166:
4862:
1028:
2216:
led some traditionalist theologians to view him with suspicion. This Latin, Greek and annotations were used by subsequent Reformation vernacular translators.
1569:(r. 285–246 BC), who allegedly hired 72 Jewish scholars for the purpose, for which reason the translation is commonly known as the Septuagint (from the Latin
4647:
2902:
and New Testament. Either the Tanakh or the New Testament was available in an additional 1,168 languages, in some kind of translations, like the interlinear
369:
3054:
Prose translation, where no attempt is made to render the lyrical aspect of some poem or song, as King Alfred's prose translation of the first fifty Psalms.
1467:
also reports in his preface to St Matthew that it was originally composed "in Hebrew letters in Judea" not in Greek and that he saw and copied one from the
5278:
1132:
416:
1158:
1232:, Armenian and Georgian. By the year 1000, a number of other translations were added (in some cases partial), including Old Nubian, Sogdian, Arabic and
3950:
1203:
has been translated into an additional 1,658 languages, and smaller portions of the Bible have been translated into 1,264 other languages according to
5127:
4961:
4385:
3082:
2570:
The purpose was to achieve more precision and clarity in the texts, and to remove the errors and obscure passages that were present in the version of
5447:
4890:
4252:
2291:
The use of numbered chapters and verses was not introduced until the Middle Ages and later. The system used in English was developed by Stephanus (
5416:
3182:" rather than "Lord" when quoting Hebrew passages that used YHWH. The authors believe that Jesus would have used God's name and not the customary
2179:
1343:
1233:
1110:
736:
532:
438:
2250:, which provide a new Latin translation, detailed annotations on Greek words, and a Greek text for reference. It was printed in September 1522.
2096:
heresies, in South France and Catalonia. There is evidence of some vernacular translations being permitted while others were being scrutinized.
3191:
Scriptures while previous revisions such as the 1984 revision were a total of 7,210 times while the 1961 revision were a total of 7,199 times.
2099:
The complete Bible was translated into Old French in the late 13th century. Parts of this translation were included in editions of the popular
338:
219:
214:
30:
3798:
2986:
ongoing Christian experience—and in this sense are authoritative. Distrust of the textual basis of modern translations has contributed to the
1318:
in an effort to create a unified, standardized text. A series of highly similar texts eventually emerged, and any of these texts are known as
4794:
4578:
3928:
3602:
3392:
3382:
2507:
1966:
1682:) placed side by side six versions of the Old Testament: the Hebrew consonantal text, the Hebrew text transliterated into Greek letters (the
1274:
997:
972:
206:
4949:
2052:, a ruler in England, had a number of passages of the Bible circulated in the vernacular in around 900. These included passages from the
2007:. Over time, different regions evolved different versions, each with its own assemblage of omissions, additions, and variants (mostly in
3157:
1760:. Little else is known, though there is plenty of speculation. For example, it is speculated that this may have provided motivation for
467:
3593:
Sundberg, Albert C. Jr. (2002). "The Septuagint: The Bible of Hellenistic Judaism". In McDonald, Lee Martin; Sanders, James A. (eds.).
2126:(1383, 1393) and the Paues New Testament, based on the Vulgate. New unauthorized translations were banned in England by the provincial
2103:, and there is no evidence of this translation being suppressed by the Church. The entire Bible was translated into Czech around 1360.
5401:
4983:
4187:
3761:
3086:
1268:
1023:
242:
237:
2377:
1710:). His eclectic recension of the Septuagint had a significant influence on the Old Testament text in several important manuscripts.
1620:) that seventy (or in some sources, seventy-two) separate translators all produced identical texts; supposedly proving its accuracy.
5426:
5421:
5411:
4588:
4462:
4013:
3996:
3979:
3835:
3706:
3502:
3210:
2474:
2119:
1105:
1013:
385:
250:
5304:
5237:
4712:
3199:
2296:
2061:
1225:
661:
142:
5182:
4832:
4782:
4408:
3362:
3290:
2595:
2543:
instituted the Pontifical Commission for the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, in order to prepare a new translation from
2146:
701:
571:
333:
3863:
3174:, provides different renderings where verses in other Bible translations support the deity of Christ. The NWT also translates
2480:
5406:
5172:
4826:
4441:
4351:
4084:
4054:
3304:
2953:
2015:
1741:
1729:
1258:
1180:
1151:
1079:
885:
410:
4729:
4551:
3620:, McDonald & Sanders editors, chapter by Sundberg, page 72, adds further detail: "However, it was not until the time of
2469:
Following the distribution of a Welsh New Testament and Prayer Book to every parish Church in Wales in 1567, translated by
1643:(or may cite variant readings from both). Bible translations incorporating modern textual criticism usually begin with the
5252:
4967:
3256:
1471:
sect. The exact provenance, authorship, source languages and collation of the four Gospels is unknown but subject to much
1365:
926:
911:
537:
3477:
5462:
5152:
5049:
5014:
4994:
4938:
4821:
4816:
4758:
4746:
4297:
3276:
3271:
3114:
1765:
1639:
Christian translations of the Old Testament also tend to be based upon the Hebrew, though some denominations prefer the
4342:
4140:
4118:
5355:
5043:
4671:
4665:
3318:
3122:
2587:
2349:
the Bible as he attempted to translate it. Tyndale's unfinished work, cut short by his execution, was supplemented by
1049:
1018:
844:
729:
576:
5320:
5247:
5242:
5207:
2591:
1885:
1264:
4301:, vol. LXV, no. 2 (8 February 2018), pp. 34–35. Discusses some pitfalls in interpreting and translating the
2473:, Welsh became the 13th language into which the whole Bible had been translated in 1588, through a translation by
5340:
4805:
4740:
4700:
4604:
3129:
1946:
1144:
656:
64:
1937:) had translated the New Testament and Psalms (at least, the portions needed for liturgical use) from Syriac to
5167:
5109:
5031:
4978:
4943:
4636:
4620:
3553:
3110:
2987:
2967:, consider the Alexandrian text-type corrected by papyri, to be the Greek text that is closest to the original
1820:
1796:(an early East Germanic language) in the 4th century by a group of scholars, possibly under the supervision of
1623:
Versions of the Septuagint contain several passages and whole books not included in the Masoretic texts of the
1204:
1100:
601:
422:
380:
224:
29:
This article is about the general history of Bible translations. For translations into specific languages, see
3965:Полная биография Георгия (Доктора медицинских и свободных наук Франциска) Скорины, Михаил Уляхин, Полоцк, 1994
3519:
2253:
The first complete Dutch Bible, partly based on the existing portions of Luther's translation, was printed in
1487:
5084:
5325:
5162:
5037:
5025:
4955:
3948:
2491:
2373:) of 1611, the last of which would become a standard for English speaking Christians for several centuries.
2357:, the first complete English translation of the Bible. Attempts at an "authoritative" English Bible for the
2247:
2224:
1566:
982:
890:
829:
804:
626:
611:
561:
396:
196:
184:
165:
5078:
4536:
4513:
5330:
5202:
5197:
5157:
5019:
4810:
4788:
4717:
4630:
3171:
3133:
3118:
2393:
2303:
2131:
1691:
1606:
1601:
translation on the Hebrew for those books of the Bible preserved in the Jewish canon (as reflected in the
1065:
951:
849:
819:
722:
685:
677:
621:
591:
428:
401:
129:
5452:
5370:
5232:
5192:
5090:
5061:
4885:
4752:
4653:
4436:
4292:
4226:
3209:
Other translations are distinguished by smaller but distinctive doctrinal differences. For example, the
3167:
2515:
2503:
2072:
1985:
1415:
The discovery of older manuscripts which belong to the Alexandrian text-type, including the 4th-century
1381:
1115:
977:
880:
824:
809:
616:
606:
505:
4546:
3746:
The Gothic Version of the Gospels and Pauline Epistles: Cultural background, transmission and character
3032:
though modern linguists, such as Bible scholar Dr. Joel Hoffman, disagree with this classification.
2323:
1876:–350, and is missing 21 sentences or paragraphs in various New Testament books: it is one of the four
36:
5380:
5365:
5212:
5072:
4989:
4972:
4838:
4110:
3670:
3624:(354-430 CE) that the Greek translation of the Jewish scriptures came to be called by the Latin term
3337:
3039:
2957:
2510:
language. This translation was produced by Eliot in an effort to convert the dwindling population of
2420:
2127:
1877:
1666:
1456:
1409:
1401:
1331:
1247:
1127:
992:
987:
834:
753:
556:
542:
457:
364:
291:
3144:
are two paraphrases of the Bible that try to convey the original meaning in contemporary language.
3051:, where prose is rendered in a rhythmic form, as represented by Old English and Middle English texts
5227:
5177:
4932:
4764:
4723:
4706:
4642:
4615:
4498:
4457:
3778:
3342:
3141:
3012:
3002:
2946:
2511:
2499:
2484:
2123:
2085:
2043:
2039:
1812:
1554:
1385:
1376:
1315:
1059:
916:
875:
865:
839:
814:
586:
581:
566:
547:
482:
477:
270:
4311:"Chichewa and Hindi Back Translations of the Bible: A Comparative Check of Translation Techniques"
2318:(1563), the Spanish "Biblia del Oso" (in English: Bible of the Bear, 1569) which later became the
2088:(1229) and Tarragona (1234) outlawed possession of some vernacular renderings, in reaction to the
5360:
5055:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4689:
4519:
4284:
3819:
3665:
3621:
3195:
3078:
3008:
2495:
2370:
2266:
2258:
1930:
1816:
1808:
1773:
1617:
1574:
1184:
921:
799:
690:
672:
631:
447:
160:
150:
3575:
2334:
2242:. During his time there, he translated the New Testament into German, using the 2nd edition of
1880:. The earliest surviving complete single-volume manuscript of the entire Bible in Latin is the
1334:
and other ancient fragments, as well as being attested in ancient versions in other languages.
5187:
4659:
4573:
4508:
4048:
4009:
3992:
3975:
3924:
3918:
3831:
3757:
3702:
3657:
3653:
3641:
3598:
3498:
3347:
3071:
3026:
2907:
2548:
2470:
2463:
2366:
2358:
2004:
1907:
1903:
1892:
1445:
1428:
1389:
1044:
895:
784:
523:
462:
229:
4377:
3827:
2274:
of Paris in 1550. The Greek text of this edition and of those of Erasmus became known as the
5283:
4776:
4735:
4695:
4610:
4322:
4214:
4213:
Discenza, Nicole G.; Szarmach, Paul E. (1 January 2015). "A Companion to Alfred the Great".
3790:
3749:
3137:
3106:
3098:
3048:
2459:
2443:
2408:
2385:
2327:
2281:
2220:
2189:
2112:
2053:
2049:
1950:
1938:
1923:
1911:
1811:
in 350 (although it had been generally accepted by the church previously), confirmed by the
1769:
1687:
1520:
1516:
1472:
1441:
1420:
1307:
1192:
1070:
433:
374:
352:
281:
201:
155:
1459:(c.125) that the Gospel of Matthew was originally in Hebrew. Eusebius (c.300) reports that
5299:
5273:
5257:
5222:
5217:
4926:
4683:
4677:
4557:
4483:
4239:
3954:
3649:
3629:
3481:
3377:
2942:
2544:
2432:
2350:
2331:
2292:
2276:
2271:
2239:
2209:
2027:
1899:
1881:
1866:
1850:
1804:
1793:
1714:
1531:
were created to allow the common person to understand the Torah as it was read in ancient
1468:
1433:
1416:
1405:
1319:
1295:
1188:
1075:
1054:
769:
1199:. As of September 2023 all of the Bible has been translated into 736 languages, the
3709:(Paternoster Press, 2001). The as of 2001 standard introductory work on the Septuagint.
3488:, ed. Uriel Simon, HaMachon L'Yahadut U'Machshava Bat-Z'mananu and Dvir, Tel-Aviv, 1979.
2392:
of 1534 (both appearing in portions throughout the 1520s) were an important part of the
1996:
When ancient scribes copied earlier books, they wrote notes on the margins of the page (
1561:
version of the Hebrew scriptures in several stages (completing the task by 132 BC). The
1463:
went to India (c. 200) and found them using a Gospel of St Matthew in Hebrew letters.
5457:
5385:
5375:
5147:
4770:
4563:
4431:
4426:
3540:
3417:
2451:
2153:
2066:
2026:, which is said to have been prepared shortly before his death around the year 735. An
2019:
1999:
1761:
1644:
1613:
1602:
1590:
1582:
1476:
1299:
1207:. Thus, at least some portions of the Bible have been translated into 3,658 languages.
596:
472:
286:
77:
48:
1721:
gospel harmony. The New Testament was translated in the 5th century, now known as the
1527:
of the Jews. With most people speaking only Aramaic and not understanding Hebrew, the
5441:
5350:
5345:
5067:
4906:
4877:
4488:
4478:
4302:
4069:
The Cambridge History of the Bible: The West, from the Reformation to the Present Day
4008:
Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhász, Guido Latré (eds) Tyndale's Testament, Brepols 2002,
3991:
Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhász, Guido Latré (eds) Tyndale's Testament, Brepols 2002,
3974:
Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhász, Guido Latré (eds) Tyndale's Testament, Brepols 2002,
3372:
3042:, where the reader's experience of the piece as literature is prized, as used in the
2981:
2447:
2354:
2342:
2231:
2213:
2197:
2157:
2142:
1884:, a Latin Vulgate edition produced in 8th-century England at the double monastery of
1651:
1647:, but also take into account possible variants from all available ancient versions.
1586:
1524:
1424:
1349:
1200:
967:
870:
120:
115:
2076:
appeared with the first six (or, in one version, seven) books of the Old Testament.
1452:
was added later by other editors, according to their own understanding of the text.
5101:
4854:
4583:
4503:
3855:
3694:
3637:
3357:
3261:
3230:
2564:
2528:
2412:
2389:
2319:
2311:
2235:
2115:, translation, particularly of the Old Testament was discouraged in some regions.
1841:
1789:
1658:, and nearly all modern translations are to some extent based upon the Greek text.
1578:
1303:
1291:
1229:
1218:
712:
328:
323:
312:
134:
89:
4037:"MORGAN, WILLIAM (c. 1545 - 1604), bishop, and translator of the Bible into Welsh"
4036:
3475:
The Idea of the Sanctity of the Biblical Text and the Science of Textual Criticism
2196:
The earliest printed edition of the Greek New Testament appeared in 1516 from the
1431:
of 1831 on manuscripts dating from the 4th century and earlier, to argue that the
4361:
4141:"Bible Translation as We Approach 2025 What's Been Accomplished and What Remains"
4114:
3779:"Greek ἀρχιερεύς in Gothic translation: Linguistics and theology at a crossroads"
3446:
4844:
4568:
4493:
4280:
3690:
3515:
3387:
3323:
3102:
3063:
2552:
2424:
2362:
2315:
2031:
2008:
1981:
1976:
1849:
There are also several ancient translations, most important of which are in the
1718:
1655:
1558:
1449:
1353:
1251:
1196:
1176:
946:
941:
789:
761:
17:
1616:). This translation was promoted by way of a legend (primarily recorded as the
1310:. From the 6th century to the 10th century AD, Jewish scholars, today known as
5119:
4625:
4218:
4174:
3824:
The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Oral Tradition to the Golden Age
3474:
3220:
3186:. On this basis, the anonymous New World Bible Translation Committee inserted
3094:
3043:
3022:
2937:
2338:
2307:
2093:
2057:
1934:
1749:
1695:
1640:
1550:
1544:
1095:
651:
301:
99:
3899:
3794:
3734:, McDonald & Sanders editors, 2002, pp. 414–15, for the entire paragraph.
2477:
then vicar of Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant (later Bishop of Llandaf and St Asaph.
1914:, like the Armenian alphabet, was also attributed to Mashtots by the scholar
1732:(Egyptian) dialects. The Old Testament was already translated by that stage.
5335:
3018:
2270:(noting variant readings among the manuscripts) was produced by the printer
2205:
2184:
2145:
appeared in 1416. In 1478, a Catalan translation was made in the dialect of
1954:
1728:
In the 2nd and 3rd centuries, the New Testament was translated into various
1532:
1460:
1311:
936:
3886:"The Creation of the Caucasian Alphabets as Phenomenon of Cultural History"
3206:(God) in the New Testament—usually Yahweh, Elohim or some other variation.
1698:. In addition, he included three anonymous translations of the Psalms (the
3753:
2502:, an indigenous American group who lived in the area around what is today
3674:
3645:
3576:"Jerome, Letter to Pope Damasus: Beginning of the Preface to the Gospels"
3420:, which some scholars argue to be a Greek translation of an Aramaic hymn.
3352:
3250:
3090:
2903:
2455:
2416:
1854:
1777:
1757:
1745:
1722:
1557:, and during the 3rd to 2nd centuries BC translators compiled in Egypt a
1211:
306:
1577:" (354–430 AD). The Septuagint (LXX), the very first translation of the
4327:
4310:
3633:
3265:
3179:
2575:
2540:
2436:
2428:
2381:
2345:
were met with heavy sanctions given the widespread belief that Tyndale
2254:
2243:
2201:
2135:
1831:
1797:
1671:
1628:
1598:
1397:
1357:
1243:
1217:
The New Testament, written in Greek, was first translated into Syriac,
931:
518:
318:
104:
4368:
Huge selection of Bibles in Foreign Languages – bibleinmylanguage.com
3822:; Basmajian, Gabriel; Franchuk, Edward S.; Ouzounian, Nourhan (2000).
2483:(1631–1668) translated and published the first Bible translation into
4346:
3851:
3246:
3066:, the original languages of the Bible, like all languages, have some
3059:
2899:
2571:
2404:
2400:
2089:
2035:
1989:
1915:
1826:
1624:
1594:
1562:
1528:
1506:
1464:
1323:
1239:
1090:
1085:
513:
296:
3516:"Greek Language and Linguistics - Ancient Greek, mostly Hellenistic"
4367:
3943:
Sneddon, Clive R. 1993. "A neglected mediaeval Bible translation."
3885:
1423:, led scholars to revise their view about the original Greek text.
1246:
version, a revision of earlier Latin translations, was dominant in
4412:
3413:
3067:
2936:
2556:
2533:
2337:(1526, revised in 1534, 1535 and 1536) and his translation of the
1975:
1836:
1512:
1486:
1361:
1327:
1172:
94:
56:
3497:
Herbert Weir Smyth, Greek Grammar. Revised by Gordon M. Messing.
2964:
2537:
2023:
1891:
Between the 4th to 6th centuries, the Bible was translated into
1694:, one recension of the Septuagint, and the Greek translation of
4381:
4372:
4188:"Formal Equivalence and Dynamic Equivalence: A False Dichotomy"
1906:
invented by him. Also dating from the same period is the first
1756:) recorded Alexandrian scribes around 340 preparing Bibles for
1631:") from the one that became the basis for the Masoretic texts.
1267:
have a rich and varied history of more than a millennium. (See
4171:
Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Paleography
2466:
already in 1555 and the entire testament by parts until 1577.
3681:
appears to have been a fourth- to fifth-century development."
3505:. Harvard University Press, 1956. Introduction F, N-2, p. 4A
3125:
are seen as more literal translations (or "word-for-word").
2330:(1579-1593) and numerous English translations of the Bible.
1491:
Collection of Bibles and New Testaments in several languages
2038:
with a revision of the Latin Vulgate. The translation into
1748:
to deliver fifty Bibles for the Church of Constantinople.
1713:
In the 2nd century, the Old Testament was translated into
1221:
and Coptic – all before the time of Emperor Constantine.
40:
A selection of Bible translations in contemporary English.
2906:-by-morpheme translation (e.g. some Parallel Bible, with
2423:(1534), were executed by the Protestant Bible translator
1839:
translations predating Jerome are collectively known as
2442:
By 1578 both Old and New Testaments were translated to
2431:. In 1535 Myles Coverdale published the first complete
2306:
translated the Greek of the Textus Receptus to produce
2280:(Latin for "received text"), a name given to it in the
2170:), which had been authorized into English around 1410.
4115:"Statistical Summary of languages with the Scriptures"
2506:. This was the first translation of the Bible into an
2376:
The first complete French Bible was a translation by
2070:. Around the same time, a compilation now called the
1573:, "seventy"), a name which it gained in "the time of
3923:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 151–.
3541:
http://www.stpaulsirvine.org/images/papyruslg.gif%7C
3368:
List of languages by year of first Bible translation
3136:
sometimes attempt to give relevant parallel idioms.
1437:
must be corrected according to these earlier texts.
1322:(MT). The Masoretes also added vowel points (called
1224:
By the year 500, the Bible had been translated into
5394:
5313:
5292:
5266:
5140:
5118:
5100:
4919:
4899:
4876:
4853:
4597:
4529:
4471:
4450:
4419:
3722:
Michael A. Knibb, Ed., London: T&T Clark, 2004.
1835:Latin translation dates to between AD 382 and 405.
4373:BibleGateway.com (has many translations to select)
2601:Bible Translation Statistics (for selected years)
1922:In the 6th century, the Bible was translated into
1780:, these are the earliest extant Christian Bibles.
3826:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. p.
2322:Bible upon its first revision in 1602, the Czech
1455:There is also a long-standing tradition owing to
1326:) to the text, since the original text contained
4868:New Jewish Publication Society of America Tanakh
3543:shows an example of the text without punctuation
2365:of 1538 (also relying on Coverdale's work), the
1776:are examples of these Bibles. Together with the
4845:The Holy Bible from Ancient Eastern Manuscripts
2030:version of the gospel of Matthew dates to 748.
1945:in Central Asia of the Silk Road, which was an
1257:Since then, the Bible has been translated into
3669:possible antecedents led to this development:
2913:In 1999, Wycliffe Bible Translators announced
2353:and published under a pseudonym to create the
2167:The Mirror of the Blessed Life of Jesus Christ
4863:Jewish Publication Society of America Version
4393:
2284:edition of 1633, which termed it as the text
1589:in the Christian church and the basis of its
1152:
730:
8:
4079:
4077:
3152:Doctrinal differences and translation policy
3644:. Also dating from the same period are the
3469:
3467:
2454:. The work was not printed until 1583. The
5097:
4850:
4400:
4386:
4378:
1159:
1145:
748:
737:
723:
357:
43:
5128:New English Translation of the Septuagint
4326:
3083:Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition
2514:to Christianity in praying towns such as
2369:of 1568, and the Authorized Version (the
5056:New Heart English Bible, Jehovah Edition
4283:, "A Wild and Indecent Book" (review of
3148:other historical and cultural contexts.
2599:
2183:
2152:Many parts of the Bible were printed by
1585:, later became the accepted text of the
35:
5000:Original Aramaic Bible in Plain English
3433:
3405:
2462:, who published the translation of the
2180:Early Modern English Bible translations
1344:Early translations of the New Testament
1036:
1005:
959:
903:
857:
776:
760:
446:
55:
4253:Is the New World Translation Accurate?
4235:
4224:
4046:
4025:J. Davies, "Hanes Cymru". 1990, p. 236
3597:. Hendrickson Publishers. p. 72.
3035:Other translation approaches include:
2223:printed a translation of the Bible in
1511:Some of the first translations of the
1444:and other New Testament writings show
31:List of Bible translations by language
4085:"Nova Vulgata. Praefatio ad lectorem"
3522:from the original on 9 September 2020
3393:Bible names in their native languages
3383:Textual variants in the New Testament
3324:Translation#Fidelity and transparency
1967:Bible translations in the Middle Ages
1275:Textual variants in the New Testament
973:Internationalization and localization
7:
4801:New International Inclusive Language
4173:(Oxford University Press, 1981) cf.
4151:from the original on 26 October 2019
3920:Interpreters in Early Imperial China
3441:
3439:
3437:
2994:Dynamic or formal translation policy
2160:(1483), and in the loose paraphrase
2018:, notably a lost translation of the
1717:translation, and the Gospels in the
4194:from the original on March 31, 2023
4091:from the original on 11 August 2022
3884:Seibt, Werner (September 8, 2011).
3158:Tetragrammaton in the New Testament
2174:Reformation and Early Modern period
1984:from the 13th century, held at the
1949:with Chinese loanwords, written in
1807:was formally established by Bishop
1565:ascribes the translation effort to
5402:List of English Bible translations
4984:New American Bible Revised Edition
3239:Ancient and classical translations
3087:New American Bible Revised Edition
2945:is displayed by the United States
2532:is the most recent translation to
2399:The first English translations of
2022:into Old English by the Venerable
1929:By the end of the eighth century,
1853:dialect of Aramaic (including the
1269:List of English Bible translations
1106:Books and magazines on translation
25:
5188:Hebrew-Greek Key Word Study Bible
4589:Julia E. Smith Parker Translation
4463:Middle English Bible translations
4289:The New Testament: A Translation
4121:from the original on 8 March 2008
3211:Purified Translation of the Bible
3089:, which are the English language
3025:translation, as used by the late
2933:Differences in Bible translations
2120:Middle English Bible translations
1910:translation. The creation of the
1823:in 367 (with Revelation added.)
1605:), and on the Greek text for the
1298:, with some portions (notably in
5417:Early Modern English (1500–1800)
3917:Rachel Lung (7 September 2011).
3862:. Translated by Bedros Norehad.
3223:
3200:Sacred Scriptures Bethel Edition
2297:Chapters and verses of the Bible
768:
706:
63:
5448:Bible versions and translations
5183:Logos International Study Bible
4362:Bible Versions and Translations
3900:"Bible v. Sogdian Translations"
3866:from the original on 2011-09-27
3801:from the original on 2015-05-01
3363:Institute for Bible Translation
3291:Bible translations into English
2596:Institute for Bible Translation
2264:The first printed edition with
1902:translated the Bible using the
1356:reporting speech originally in
1314:, compared the text of various
702:Outline of Bible-related topics
5178:Dake Annotated Reference Bible
5173:Thompson Chain-Reference Bible
4442:Old English Bible translations
3677:, or an elision. ...this name
3447:"2023 Global Scripture Access"
3305:Bible translations by language
2954:Dynamic and formal equivalence
2908:interlinear morphemic glossing
2016:Old English Bible translations
1133:Kural translations by language
1111:Bible translations by language
886:Dynamic and formal equivalence
411:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
1:
5253:The Life with God Study Bible
5238:New Interpreter's Study Bible
4409:English-language translations
4041:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
1957:derived from Aramaic script.
1870:
1686:), the Greek translations of
1676:
1366:Language of the New Testament
1121:List of most translated works
927:Translation management system
538:Historical-grammatical method
5293:Modern Dialectal & Slang
5153:Life Application Study Bible
4817:Heinz Cassirer's translation
4298:The New York Review of Books
3904:Encyclopaedia Iranica online
3699:Invitation to the Septuagint
3277:Coptic versions of the Bible
3272:Syriac versions of the Bible
3115:New Revised Standard Version
2212:manuscripts rather than the
2122:were created: including the
1819:), and later established by
1766:Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209
4730:Green's Literal Translation
3664:18.42, while repeating the
3565:which also could be Syriac.
3319:Gender in Bible translation
3257:Greek versions of the Bible
3123:New American Standard Bible
2588:International Bible Society
2310:Bibles, such as the German
2014:There are some fragmentary
5479:
5412:Middle English (1066–1500)
5321:Cambridge University Press
5248:Archaeological Study Bible
5243:Reflecting God Study Bible
4795:New International Reader's
4053:: CS1 maint: url-status (
4035:Williams, Glanmor (1959).
3744:Falluomini, Carla (2015).
3640:translated the Bible into
3155:
2951:
2592:Wycliffe Bible Translators
2585:
2582:Modern translation efforts
2177:
2156:in his translation of the
1964:
1542:
1504:
1341:
1265:English Bible translations
1236:languages, among others.
533:Allegorical interpretation
28:
4950:Today's New International
4833:Holman Christian Standard
4219:10.1163/9789004283763_011
3130:New International Version
3093:translations, as well as
2481:Samuel Bogusław Chyliński
2378:Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples
2335:New Testament translation
2288:("now received by all").
1553:had become the center of
1440:Early manuscripts of the
5422:Modern Christian (1800–)
5208:The Lutheran Study Bible
5168:Scofield Reference Bible
4979:Apostolic Bible Polyglot
4907:Four Prophets (Phillips)
4621:Moffatt, New Translation
4309:Sharma, Sandeep (2018).
3945:Romance Languages Annual
3795:10.1075/nowele.00002.rat
3777:Ratkus, Artūras (2018).
3554:Hebrew Gospel hypothesis
3111:Literal Standard Version
3011:translation (similar to
2988:King-James-Only Movement
2286:nunc ab omnibus receptum
2238:, and he retired to the
1947:Eastern Iranian language
1821:Athanasius of Alexandria
1815:in 363 (both lacked the
1205:Wycliffe Global Alliance
1101:Journalistic translation
423:Novum Testamentum Graece
225:Composition of the Torah
5326:Oxford University Press
5163:Reformation Study Bible
5038:The Passion Translation
4783:21st Century King James
2536:. On 29 November 1965,
2498:in the language of the
2380:, published in 1530 in
2225:Old Belarusian language
2118:In England, a group of
2064:; these are called the
1933:monasteries (so-called
1567:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
1549:By the 3rd century BC,
1410:Western version of Acts
983:Video game localization
891:Contrastive linguistics
5407:Old English (pre-1066)
5331:American Bible Society
5203:The Wesley Study Bible
5158:Oxford Annotated Bible
5005:Divine Name King James
4827:International Standard
4611:Rotherham's Emphasized
4364:on BibleStudyTools.com
4315:Journal of Translation
4234:Cite journal requires
3856:"The life of Mashtots"
3748:. Berlin: De Gruyter.
3636:. In the 5th century,
3632:in the 4th century by
3134:New Living Translation
3128:Translations like the
3119:Modern Literal Version
3097:translations like the
2949:
2563:, promulgated by Pope
2450:writer and theologian
2304:Protestant Reformation
2193:
2162:Speculum Vitae Christi
2042:was started in 863 by
1993:
1692:Symmachus the Ebionite
1607:deuterocanonical books
1492:
1294:was mainly written in
1066:Telephone interpreting
952:Multimedia translation
686:Criticism of the Bible
429:Documentary hypothesis
41:
5427:Modern Jewish (1853–)
5371:Hendrickson Publisher
5193:MacArthur Study Bible
5044:Revised New Jerusalem
4822:Complete Jewish Bible
4672:New American Standard
4437:Old English Hexateuch
4352:Repackaging the Bible
4293:Yale University Press
4264:New World Translation
3754:10.1515/9783110334692
3660:translations. In his
3168:New World Translation
3156:Further information:
3077:For instance, in the
3072:not easily translated
2952:Further information:
2940:
2559:. The result was the
2516:Natick, Massachusetts
2504:Boston, Massachusetts
2341:(1530, 1534) and the
2234:was placed under the
2227:in twenty-two books.
2219:During 1517 and 1519
2187:
2073:Old English Hexateuch
1979:
1490:
1382:Alexandrian text-type
1242:'s 4th-century Latin
998:Software localization
978:Language localization
881:Translation criticism
810:Linguistic validation
439:NT textual categories
39:
5381:Saint Benedict Press
5213:Orthodox Study Bible
5073:Tree of Life Version
5050:Evangelical Heritage
4839:Easy-to-Read Version
4759:Contemporary English
4747:New Revised Standard
4542:Brenton's Septuagint
4111:United Bible Society
3338:Bible version debate
3283:English translations
3049:Metrical translation
3040:Literary translation
2958:Bible version debate
2302:The churches of the
1898:In the 5th century,
1878:great uncial codices
1496:Ancient translations
1473:academic speculation
1457:Papias of Hierapolis
1332:Samaritan Pentateuch
1316:biblical manuscripts
1248:Western Christianity
993:Website localization
386:Internal consistency
292:Samaritan Pentateuch
5463:Translation history
5233:Study Bible for GNT
5228:Study Bible for NLT
5223:Study Bible for ESV
5218:Study Bible for NIV
4995:The Orthodox Jewish
4741:Christian Community
4358:, December 24, 2008
4354:by Eric Marrapodi,
4190:. October 5, 2009.
3820:Hacikyan, Agop Jack
3718:Jennifer M. Dines,
3343:Byzantine text-type
3172:Jehovah's Witnesses
3013:literal translation
3003:Dynamic equivalence
2947:Library of Congress
2603:
2508:indigenous American
2500:Massachusett people
2314:(1522), the Polish
2208:preference for the
2044:Cyril and Methodius
2040:Old Church Slavonic
1813:Council of Laodicea
1742:Emperor Constantine
1555:Hellenistic Judaism
1386:Byzantine text-type
1259:many more languages
1060:Video relay service
917:Machine translation
876:Translation project
866:Translation studies
220:New Testament canon
215:Old Testament canon
143:Chapters and verses
5361:Lockman Foundation
5314:Notable publishers
5091:Free Bible Version
5032:Christian Standard
5015:Tree of Life Bible
4343:Bible translations
4328:10.54395/jot-69624
4285:David Bentley Hart
4169:Metzger, Bruce R.
4067:S. L. Greenslade,
3953:2011-06-11 at the
3622:Augustine of Hippo
3580:www.tertullian.org
3486:HaMikrah V'anachnu
3480:2011-03-10 at the
3196:Sacred Name Bibles
3079:Douay Rheims Bible
3009:Formal equivalence
2950:
2600:
2496:Eliot Indian Bible
2371:King James Version
2361:would include the
2267:critical apparatus
2259:Jacob van Liesvelt
2202:Desiderius Erasmus
2194:
2086:synods of Toulouse
2062:West Saxon dialect
2034:in c. 800 charged
1994:
1931:Church of the East
1861:4th to 6th century
1817:Book of Revelation
1809:Cyril of Jerusalem
1774:Codex Alexandrinus
1618:Letter of Aristeas
1575:Augustine of Hippo
1493:
1185:biblical languages
922:Mobile translation
691:Biblical authority
572:Capital punishment
448:Biblical criticism
417:Rahlfs' Septuagint
121:New Testament (NT)
116:Old Testament (OT)
42:
5435:
5434:
5198:Ryrie Study Bible
5136:
5135:
5085:Majority Standard
4915:
4914:
4701:New International
4605:American Standard
4574:Emphatic Diaglott
4530:18th–19th century
4472:16th–17th century
4145:Mission Frontiers
3930:978-90-272-8418-1
3860:armenianhouse.org
3666:story of Aristeas
3604:978-1-56563-517-3
3518:. 13 April 2023.
3348:Bible concordance
3166:For example, the
3027:Kenneth N. Taylor
2895:
2894:
2572:Jerome of Stridon
2471:William Salesbury
2464:Gospel of Matthew
2359:Church of England
2236:Ban of the Empire
2188:Czech Protestant
2134:, in response to
2132:English state law
2124:Wycliffean Bibles
2005:textual criticism
1972:Early Middle Ages
1904:Armenian alphabet
1515:began during the
1402:Pericope Adulteræ
1390:Western text-type
1169:
1168:
1045:Untranslatability
896:Polysystem theory
747:
746:
562:Conspiracy theory
491:
490:
230:Mosaic authorship
16:(Redirected from
5470:
5395:Additional lists
5284:The Action Bible
5098:
4944:English Standard
4851:
4789:Third Millennium
4637:Revised Standard
4420:5th–11th century
4402:
4395:
4388:
4379:
4332:
4330:
4268:
4261:
4255:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4237:
4232:
4230:
4222:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4184:
4178:
4167:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4156:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4081:
4072:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4052:
4044:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4017:
4006:
4000:
3989:
3983:
3972:
3966:
3963:
3957:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3741:
3735:
3732:The Canon Debate
3729:
3723:
3716:
3710:
3688:
3682:
3618:The Canon Debate
3615:
3609:
3608:
3595:The Canon Debate
3590:
3584:
3583:
3572:
3566:
3563:
3557:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3512:
3506:
3495:
3489:
3473:Menachem Cohen,
3471:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3443:
3421:
3410:
3268:(Latin versions)
3233:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3138:The Living Bible
3107:Recovery Version
3099:King James Bible
2604:
2388:of 1531 and the
2386:Froschauer Bible
2328:Bible of Kralice
2324:Melantrich Bible
2221:Francysk Skaryna
2190:Bible of Kralice
2113:Late Middle Ages
2107:Late Middle Ages
2101:Bible historiale
2080:High Middle Ages
2054:Ten Commandments
2050:Alfred the Great
1912:Georgian scripts
1886:Wearmouth-Jarrow
1875:
1872:
1770:Codex Sinaiticus
1688:Aquila of Sinope
1681:
1678:
1597:based his Latin
1539:Greek Septuagint
1517:Babylonian exile
1448:whatsoever. The
1442:Pauline epistles
1429:critical edition
1421:Codex Sinaiticus
1308:Biblical Aramaic
1161:
1154:
1147:
1116:Translated books
1071:Language barrier
988:Dub localization
772:
749:
739:
732:
725:
713:Bible portal
711:
710:
709:
434:Synoptic problem
358:
353:Biblical studies
282:Dead Sea scrolls
243:Petrine epistles
238:Pauline epistles
67:
44:
21:
18:Bible translator
5478:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5467:
5438:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5390:
5309:
5288:
5279:The Manga Bible
5274:The Brick Bible
5262:
5258:The Green Bible
5132:
5114:
5096:
5079:Berean Standard
5062:Legacy Standard
5026:Literal English
4939:World Messianic
4927:Palmarian Bible
4911:
4895:
4872:
4849:
4753:Revised English
4654:Modern Language
4593:
4552:Young's Literal
4525:
4467:
4446:
4415:
4406:
4339:
4308:
4277:
4275:Further reading
4272:
4271:
4262:
4258:
4251:
4247:
4233:
4223:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4197:
4195:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4168:
4164:
4154:
4152:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4124:
4122:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4094:
4092:
4083:
4082:
4075:
4066:
4062:
4045:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4024:
4020:
4007:
4003:
3990:
3986:
3973:
3969:
3964:
3960:
3955:Wayback Machine
3942:
3938:
3931:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3869:
3867:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3838:
3818:
3817:
3813:
3804:
3802:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3764:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3730:
3726:
3720:The Septuagint,
3717:
3713:
3689:
3685:
3616:
3612:
3605:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3564:
3560:
3551:
3547:
3539:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3496:
3492:
3482:Wayback Machine
3472:
3465:
3455:
3453:
3445:
3444:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3424:
3411:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3378:Textus Receptus
3297:Other languages
3229:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3160:
3154:
2996:
2960:
2943:Gutenberg Bible
2935:
2602:
2598:
2584:
2574:, known as the
2524:
2351:Myles Coverdale
2295:of Paris) (see
2293:Robert Estienne
2277:Textus Receptus
2272:Robert Estienne
2240:Wartburg Castle
2182:
2176:
2109:
2084:The provincial
2082:
2028:Old High German
1974:
1969:
1963:
1900:Mesrob Mashtots
1882:Codex Amiatinus
1873:
1867:Codex Vaticanus
1863:
1805:Christian Bible
1786:
1738:
1679:
1664:
1654:was written in
1637:
1547:
1541:
1509:
1503:
1501:Aramaic Targums
1498:
1485:
1434:Textus Receptus
1417:Codex Vaticanus
1406:Comma Johanneum
1398:endings of Mark
1352:was written in
1346:
1340:
1328:only consonants
1320:Masoretic Texts
1296:Biblical Hebrew
1288:
1283:
1165:
1076:Fan translation
1055:Transliteration
845:Sense-for-sense
743:
707:
705:
704:
696:
695:
682:
668:
646:
638:
637:
636:
552:
528:
501:
493:
492:
487:
406:
390:
379:
355:
345:
344:
343:
276:
275:
256:
255:
251:Johannine works
247:
211:
191:
190:
187:and development
174:
173:
172:
139:
125:
111:
84:
83:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5476:
5474:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5440:
5439:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5398:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5386:Baronius Press
5383:
5378:
5376:Ignatius Press
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5296:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5268:
5267:Picture Bibles
5264:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5124:
5122:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5106:
5104:
5095:
5094:
5088:
5082:
5076:
5070:
5065:
5059:
5053:
5047:
5041:
5035:
5029:
5023:
5020:Modern English
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4990:Lexham English
4987:
4981:
4976:
4973:Common English
4970:
4965:
4959:
4953:
4947:
4941:
4936:
4930:
4923:
4921:
4917:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4859:
4857:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4836:
4830:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4786:
4780:
4774:
4768:
4762:
4756:
4750:
4744:
4738:
4733:
4727:
4721:
4718:New King James
4715:
4710:
4704:
4698:
4693:
4687:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4666:Living English
4663:
4657:
4651:
4645:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4564:Living Oracles
4561:
4555:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4517:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4454:
4452:
4451:Middle English
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4432:Hatton Gospels
4429:
4427:Wessex Gospels
4423:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4359:
4349:
4338:
4337:External links
4335:
4334:
4333:
4306:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4256:
4245:
4236:|journal=
4205:
4179:
4162:
4131:
4102:
4073:
4071:. 1995, p. 134
4060:
4027:
4018:
4001:
3984:
3967:
3958:
3936:
3929:
3909:
3891:
3876:
3843:
3836:
3811:
3769:
3763:978-3110334692
3762:
3736:
3724:
3711:
3683:
3610:
3603:
3585:
3567:
3558:
3545:
3533:
3507:
3490:
3463:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3418:Gospel of John
3404:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
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3340:
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3333:
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3327:
3326:
3321:
3315:
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3308:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3259:
3254:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3218:
3215:
3170:, produced by
3153:
3150:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3046:
3030:
3029:
3016:
3006:
2995:
2992:
2934:
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2812:
2808:
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2801:
2798:
2795:
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2790:
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2757:
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2730:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2583:
2580:
2523:
2520:
2494:published the
2475:William Morgan
2452:Jurij Dalmatin
2367:Bishops' Bible
2175:
2172:
2154:William Caxton
2141:The Hungarian
2108:
2105:
2081:
2078:
2067:Wessex Gospels
2020:Gospel of John
1973:
1970:
1965:Main article:
1962:
1959:
1862:
1859:
1803:The canonical
1790:was translated
1785:
1782:
1754:Apol. Const. 4
1737:
1734:
1663:
1660:
1650:The Christian
1645:Masoretic text
1636:
1635:Late Antiquity
1633:
1614:Masoretic Text
1603:Masoretic text
1543:Main article:
1540:
1537:
1505:Main article:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1484:
1481:
1446:no punctuation
1342:Main article:
1339:
1336:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1181:many languages
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1149:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1080:of video games
1073:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1039:
1038:
1037:Related topics
1034:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
962:
961:
957:
956:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
906:
905:
901:
900:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
860:
859:
855:
854:
853:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
830:Interpretation
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
779:
778:
774:
773:
765:
764:
758:
757:
745:
744:
742:
741:
734:
727:
719:
716:
715:
698:
697:
694:
693:
688:
681:
680:
675:
669:
667:
666:
665:
664:
654:
648:
647:
644:
643:
640:
639:
635:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
553:
551:
550:
545:
540:
535:
529:
527:
526:
521:
516:
510:
509:
508:
502:
500:Interpretation
499:
498:
495:
494:
489:
488:
486:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
454:
451:
450:
444:
443:
442:
441:
436:
431:
426:
419:
414:
405:
404:
399:
394:
388:
383:
377:
372:
367:
361:
356:
351:
350:
347:
346:
342:
341:
336:
334:English Bibles
331:
326:
321:
316:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
287:Masoretic Text
284:
278:
277:
274:
273:
263:
262:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
246:
245:
240:
234:
233:
232:
227:
222:
217:
210:
209:
204:
199:
193:
192:
189:
188:
181:
180:
179:
176:
175:
171:
170:
169:
168:
163:
158:
147:
146:
145:
138:
137:
132:
126:
124:
123:
118:
112:
110:
109:
108:
107:
102:
97:
86:
85:
82:
81:
74:
73:
72:
69:
68:
60:
59:
53:
52:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5475:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5393:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5351:HarperCollins
5349:
5347:
5346:Tyndale House
5344:
5342:
5341:Thomas Nelson
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5265:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:Haydock Bible
5146:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5129:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5117:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5092:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5068:Antioch Bible
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4933:World English
4931:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4898:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4878:New Testament
4875:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4728:
4725:
4724:New Jerusalem
4722:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4631:Basic English
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4616:Ferrar Fenton
4614:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4403:
4398:
4396:
4391:
4389:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4329:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4304:
4303:New Testament
4300:
4299:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4265:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4249:
4246:
4241:
4228:
4220:
4216:
4209:
4206:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4163:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4139:Creson, Bob.
4135:
4132:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4090:
4086:
4080:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4061:
4056:
4050:
4042:
4038:
4031:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4016:, pp. 143–45.
4015:
4014:2-503-51411-1
4011:
4005:
4002:
3999:, pp. 134–35.
3998:
3997:2-503-51411-1
3994:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3980:2-503-51411-1
3977:
3971:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3952:
3949:
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3926:
3922:
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3913:
3910:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3887:
3880:
3877:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3839:
3837:9780814328156
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3773:
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3765:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3707:1-84227-061-3
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3606:
3600:
3596:
3589:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3571:
3568:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3552:See also the
3549:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3534:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3503:9780674362505
3500:
3494:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3434:
3427:
3419:
3415:
3409:
3406:
3399:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3373:Skopos theory
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3221:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3075:
3073:
3070:and concepts
3069:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2982:Majority Text
2976:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2916:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2613:New Testament
2612:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2460:Primož Trubar
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2433:English Bible
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2355:Matthew Bible
2352:
2348:
2344:
2343:Book of Jonah
2340:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2248:New Testament
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2232:Martin Luther
2228:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2215:
2214:Latin Vulgate
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2158:Golden Legend
2155:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2143:Hussite Bible
2139:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2114:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1991:
1987:
1986:Royal Library
1983:
1978:
1971:
1968:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1943:lingua franca
1940:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1868:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1744:commissioned
1743:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1652:New Testament
1648:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1587:Old Testament
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1525:lingua franca
1522:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1500:
1495:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1475:and disputed
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1425:Karl Lachmann
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1350:New Testament
1345:
1338:New Testament
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1285:
1281:Original text
1280:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1201:New Testament
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1050:Transcription
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1024:Organizations
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1006:Institutional
1004:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
968:Glocalization
966:
965:
964:
963:
958:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
909:
908:
907:
902:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
871:Skopos theory
869:
867:
864:
863:
862:
861:
856:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
840:Word-for-word
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
781:
780:
775:
771:
767:
766:
763:
759:
755:
751:
750:
740:
735:
733:
728:
726:
721:
720:
718:
717:
714:
703:
700:
699:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
679:
678:Infallibility
676:
674:
671:
670:
663:
660:
659:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
642:
641:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
577:Homosexuality
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
554:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
530:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
511:
507:
504:
503:
497:
496:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
453:
452:
449:
445:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
424:
420:
418:
415:
413:
412:
408:
407:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
389:
387:
384:
382:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
362:
360:
359:
354:
349:
348:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
314:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
279:
272:
268:
265:
264:
260:
259:
252:
249:
248:
244:
241:
239:
236:
235:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
212:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
194:
186:
183:
182:
178:
177:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
153:
152:
149:
148:
144:
141:
140:
136:
133:
131:
128:
127:
122:
119:
117:
114:
113:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
92:
91:
88:
87:
79:
76:
75:
71:
70:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
50:
46:
45:
38:
32:
27:
19:
5453:Translations
5141:Study Bibles
5102:Hebrew Bible
5010:Names of God
4920:21st century
4855:Hebrew Bible
4690:New American
4598:20th century
4579:Joseph Smith
4514:Douay–Rheims
4355:
4321:(1): 42–47.
4318:
4314:
4296:
4295:, 577 pp.),
4288:
4281:Wills, Garry
4263:
4259:
4248:
4227:cite journal
4208:
4196:. Retrieved
4182:
4170:
4165:
4153:. Retrieved
4144:
4134:
4123:. Retrieved
4105:
4093:. Retrieved
4087:(in Latin).
4068:
4063:
4040:
4030:
4021:
4004:
3987:
3970:
3961:
3947:5(1): 11–16
3944:
3939:
3919:
3912:
3903:
3894:
3879:
3868:. Retrieved
3859:
3846:
3823:
3814:
3803:. Retrieved
3786:
3782:
3772:
3745:
3739:
3731:
3727:
3719:
3714:
3698:
3695:Moises Silva
3686:
3678:
3661:
3638:Saint Mesrob
3625:
3617:
3613:
3594:
3588:
3579:
3570:
3561:
3548:
3536:
3524:. Retrieved
3510:
3493:
3485:
3454:. Retrieved
3451:wycliffe.net
3450:
3408:
3358:Hermeneutics
3311:Difficulties
3262:Vetus Latina
3231:Bible portal
3208:
3203:
3194:A number of
3193:
3187:
3183:
3175:
3165:
3161:
3146:
3127:
3076:
3057:
3034:
3031:
3023:paraphrastic
2997:
2980:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2961:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2914:
2912:
2896:
2569:
2565:John Paul II
2561:Nova Vulgata
2560:
2529:Nova Vulgata
2527:
2525:
2522:Nova Vulgata
2512:Massachusett
2489:
2479:
2468:
2441:
2421:Lamentations
2413:Ecclesiastes
2398:
2390:Luther Bible
2375:
2346:
2320:Reina-Valera
2312:Luther Bible
2301:
2290:
2285:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2252:
2229:
2218:
2195:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2140:
2138:uprisings.
2128:Oxford Synod
2117:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2083:
2071:
2065:
2048:
2013:
1997:
1995:
1942:
1928:
1921:
1897:
1895:(Ethiopic.)
1890:
1864:
1848:
1842:Vetus Latina
1840:
1830:
1825:
1802:
1787:
1753:
1740:In 331, the
1739:
1727:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1683:
1670:
1665:
1649:
1638:
1622:
1611:
1579:Hebrew Bible
1570:
1548:
1510:
1454:
1439:
1432:
1414:
1394:
1375:, the Greek
1372:
1370:
1360:, Greek and
1347:
1292:Hebrew Bible
1289:
1286:Hebrew Bible
1273:
1263:
1256:
1238:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1170:
1014:Associations
960:Localization
904:Technologies
794:
645:Perspectives
506:Hermeneutics
421:
409:
329:Luther Bible
324:Gothic Bible
313:Vetus Latina
311:
267:Translations
266:
207:Hebrew canon
135:Antilegomena
130:Deuterocanon
26:
4956:New English
4765:The Message
4707:New Century
4660:New English
4494:Great Bible
3789:(1): 3–34.
3691:Karen Jobes
3671:Exod 24:1–8
3662:City of God
3626:septuaginta
3456:October 11,
3414:the opening
3388:Translation
3198:(e.g., the
3142:The Message
3103:Darby Bible
3005:translation
2915:Vision 2025
2553:Koine Greek
2425:George Joye
2419:(1534) and
2394:Reformation
2363:Great Bible
2326:(1549) and
2316:Brest Bible
2257:in 1526 by
2111:During the
2032:Charlemagne
2009:orthography
1982:Codex Gigas
1961:Middle Ages
1800:(Wulfila).
1784:4th century
1764:, and that
1762:canon lists
1736:3rd century
1719:Diatessaron
1662:2nd century
1656:Koine Greek
1571:septuaginta
1559:Koine Greek
1523:became the
1450:punctuation
1377:manuscripts
1354:Koine Greek
1252:Middle Ages
1250:during the
1128:Translators
947:Postediting
942:Pre-editing
762:Translation
543:Inspiration
381:Historicity
339:by language
271:manuscripts
5442:Categories
5120:Septuagint
4811:New Living
4806:God's Word
4771:Clear Word
4520:King James
4175:Papyrus 52
4155:26 October
4125:2008-03-22
3870:2024-06-06
3805:2018-04-12
3679:Septuagint
3428:References
3121:, and the
3095:Protestant
3044:Knox Bible
2969:autographs
2921:billion).
2610:Full Bible
2586:See also:
2492:John Eliot
2485:Lithuanian
2448:Protestant
2339:Pentateuch
2308:vernacular
2200:press, by
2178:See also:
2094:Waldensian
2058:Pentateuch
1935:Nestorians
1924:Old Nubian
1874: 325
1788:The Bible
1750:Athanasius
1696:Theodotion
1680: 235
1641:Septuagint
1551:Alexandria
1545:Septuagint
1533:synagogues
1427:based his
1408:, and the
1388:, and the
1373:autographs
1177:translated
1096:Scanlation
937:Subtitling
850:Homophonic
820:Regulatory
548:Literalism
458:Historical
365:Archeology
302:Septuagint
197:Authorship
185:Authorship
5336:Zondervan
5058:(NHEB-JE)
4968:The Voice
4684:Jerusalem
4678:Good News
4648:New World
4547:Webster's
4537:Challoner
4484:Coverdale
3982:, p. 120.
3253:(Aramaic)
3019:Idiomatic
2973:apparatus
2567:in 1979.
2490:In 1660,
2332:Tyndale's
2230:In 1521,
2206:ad fontes
1998:marginal
1955:logograms
1869:dates to
1461:Pantaenus
1312:Masoretes
1183:from the
1175:has been
825:Technical
673:Inerrancy
483:Canonical
478:Redaction
370:Artifacts
151:Apocrypha
80:and books
5366:Crossway
4964:(RSV2CE)
4962:Ignatius
4891:Phillips
4777:New Life
4736:Recovery
4509:Bishops'
4499:Taverner
4458:Wycliffe
4198:June 25,
4192:Archived
4149:Archived
4119:Archived
4113:(2008).
4089:Archived
4049:cite web
3951:Archived
3864:Archived
3854:(1981).
3799:Archived
3675:Josephus
3658:Georgian
3654:Ethiopic
3642:Armenian
3520:Archived
3478:Archived
3353:Exegesis
3251:Peshitta
3217:See also
3091:Catholic
2971:. Their
2904:morpheme
2616:Portions
2456:Slovenes
2435:also in
2417:Jeremiah
2415:(1533),
2411:(1533),
2409:Proverbs
2407:(1531),
2403:(1530),
2282:Elzevier
2147:Valencia
2056:and the
1908:Georgian
1855:Peshitta
1778:Peshitta
1758:Constans
1746:Eusebius
1723:Peshitta
1469:Nazarene
1396:are the
1234:Slavonic
835:Cultural
790:Literary
754:a series
752:Part of
622:Violence
607:Serpents
597:Prophecy
592:Muhammad
307:Peshitta
297:Targumim
49:a series
47:Part of
5300:Glasgow
4986:(NABRE)
4900:Partial
4886:Worrell
4558:Revised
4489:Matthew
4479:Tyndale
4411:of the
3634:Ulfilas
3526:31 July
3416:to the
3266:Vulgate
3188:Jehovah
3180:Jehovah
2576:Vulgate
2549:Aramaic
2541:Paul VI
2446:by the
2444:Slovene
2437:Antwerp
2429:Antwerp
2382:Antwerp
2347:changed
2255:Antwerp
2244:Erasmus
2136:Lollard
2000:glosses
1951:letters
1939:Sogdian
1832:Vulgate
1798:Ulfilas
1708:Septima
1684:Secunda
1672:Hexapla
1629:Vorlage
1599:Vulgate
1529:Targums
1521:Aramaic
1519:, when
1483:History
1477:methods
1358:Aramaic
1244:Vulgate
1193:Aramaic
1029:Schools
932:Dubbing
815:Medical
662:Quranic
657:Islamic
652:Gnostic
627:Warfare
617:Slavery
557:Alcohol
519:Midrash
463:Textual
319:Vulgate
105:Ketuvim
100:Nevi'im
5356:Holman
5305:LOLCat
5046:(RNJB)
4952:(TNIV)
4835:(HCSB)
4797:(NIrV)
4785:(KJ21)
4749:(NRSV)
4720:(NKJV)
4713:Bethel
4696:Living
4674:(NASB)
4643:Anchor
4584:Quaker
4504:Geneva
4347:Curlie
4095:14 May
4012:
3995:
3978:
3927:
3852:Koryun
3834:
3783:NOWELE
3760:
3705:
3650:Coptic
3646:Syriac
3630:Gothic
3601:
3501:
3330:Others
3247:Targum
3184:kurios
3176:kurios
3117:, the
3113:, the
3109:, the
3105:, the
3101:, the
3068:idioms
3060:Hebrew
2925:soon.
2900:Tanakh
2619:Total
2594:, and
2551:, and
2545:Hebrew
2405:Isaiah
2401:Psalms
2384:. The
2198:Froben
2192:(1593)
2090:Cathar
2036:Alcuin
1990:Sweden
1941:, the
1916:Koryun
1851:Syriac
1827:Jerome
1794:Gothic
1730:Coptic
1715:Syriac
1700:Quinta
1667:Origen
1625:Tanakh
1595:Jerome
1563:Talmud
1507:Targum
1465:Jerome
1404:, the
1400:, the
1384:, the
1324:niqqud
1300:Daniel
1240:Jerome
1230:Gothic
1212:Syriac
1195:, and
1189:Hebrew
1091:Fandub
1086:Fansub
1019:Awards
858:Theory
587:Incest
567:Ethics
524:Pardes
514:Pesher
468:Source
397:Places
392:People
375:Dating
202:Dating
156:Jewish
90:Tanakh
78:Canons
51:on the
5458:Bible
5110:Alter
5093:(FBV)
5087:(MSB)
5081:(BSB)
5075:(TLV)
5064:(LSB)
5052:(EHV)
5040:(TPT)
5034:(CSB)
5028:(LEV)
5022:(MEV)
4975:(CEB)
4958:(NET)
4946:(ESV)
4935:(WEB)
4841:(ERV)
4829:(ISV)
4813:(NLT)
4791:(TMB)
4779:(NLV)
4773:(TCW)
4767:(MSG)
4761:(CEV)
4755:(REB)
4743:(CCB)
4732:(GLT)
4726:(NJB)
4709:(NCV)
4703:(NIV)
4692:(NAB)
4680:(GNB)
4668:(BLE)
4662:(NEB)
4656:(MLB)
4650:(NWT)
4639:(RSV)
4633:(BBE)
4607:(ASV)
4569:Darby
4554:(YLT)
4522:(KJV)
4516:(DRV)
4413:Bible
3400:Notes
3204:Theos
3064:Greek
3021:, or
2941:This
2891:3658
2888:1264
2885:1658
2879:2023
2874:3589
2871:1248
2868:1617
2862:2022
2857:3495
2854:1196
2851:1582
2845:2021
2840:3415
2837:1160
2834:1551
2828:2020
2823:3384
2806:3350
2789:3312
2772:3223
2755:2932
2738:2883
2721:2850
2704:2798
2687:2804
2670:2565
2653:2402
2636:2086
2557:Latin
2555:, to
2534:Latin
2210:Greek
1893:Ge'ez
1837:Latin
1792:into
1704:Sexta
1591:canon
1583:Greek
1581:into
1513:Torah
1364:(see
1362:Latin
1306:) in
1226:Ge'ez
1219:Latin
1197:Greek
1179:into
1173:Bible
1062:(VRS)
805:Kural
800:Quran
795:Bible
785:Legal
777:Types
632:Women
582:Humor
402:Names
95:Torah
57:Bible
4929:(SH)
4686:(JB)
4626:Knox
4560:(RV)
4240:help
4200:2023
4157:2019
4097:2022
4055:link
4010:ISBN
3993:ISBN
3976:ISBN
3925:ISBN
3832:ISBN
3758:ISBN
3703:ISBN
3693:and
3656:and
3599:ISBN
3528:2016
3499:ISBN
3458:2023
3264:and
3249:and
3178:as "
3140:and
3132:and
3062:and
2965:NA27
2963:and
2956:and
2882:736
2865:724
2848:717
2831:704
2820:1138
2817:1548
2811:2019
2803:1133
2800:1534
2794:2018
2786:1121
2783:1521
2777:2017
2769:1145
2766:1442
2760:2016
2752:1045
2749:1333
2743:2015
2735:1023
2732:1329
2726:2014
2718:1028
2715:1309
2709:2013
2701:1005
2698:1275
2692:2012
2684:1015
2681:1276
2675:2011
2664:1211
2658:2010
2647:1114
2641:2006
2633:1014
2624:1996
2607:Year
2538:Pope
2526:The
2092:and
2024:Bede
1980:The
1953:and
1865:The
1772:and
1706:and
1690:and
1419:and
1371:The
1348:The
1304:Ezra
1302:and
1290:The
1171:The
602:Rape
473:Form
269:and
4356:CNN
4345:at
4323:doi
4215:doi
3791:doi
3750:doi
3484:in
3058:As
2910:).
2814:698
2797:683
2780:670
2763:636
2746:554
2729:531
2712:513
2695:518
2678:513
2667:897
2661:457
2650:862
2644:426
2630:764
2627:308
2427:in
2149:.
2011:).
1988:in
1857:).
1829:'s
1725:.
1669:'s
1368:).
1271:.)
1214:.
1187:of
912:CAT
612:Sex
5444::
4319:14
4317:.
4313:.
4291:,
4287:,
4231::
4229:}}
4225:{{
4147:.
4143:.
4117:.
4076:^
4051:}}
4047:{{
4039:.
3902:.
3858:.
3830:.
3828:87
3797:.
3787:71
3785:.
3781:.
3756:.
3701:,
3697:,
3673:,
3652:,
3648:,
3578:.
3466:^
3449:.
3436:^
3085:,
3081:,
2990:.
2590:,
2578:.
2547:,
2518:.
2487:.
2439:.
2396:.
2299:)
2261:.
2246:'
2046:.
1926:.
1888:.
1871:c.
1768:,
1702:,
1677:c.
1609:.
1593:.
1535:.
1479:.
1412:.
1392:.
1261:.
1228:,
1191:,
756:on
166:NT
161:OT
4401:e
4394:t
4387:v
4331:.
4325::
4305:.
4242:)
4238:(
4221:.
4217::
4202:.
4177:.
4159:.
4128:.
4099:.
4057:)
4043:.
3933:.
3906:.
3888:.
3873:.
3840:.
3808:.
3793::
3766:.
3752::
3607:.
3582:.
3556:.
3530:.
3460:.
3015:)
2164:(
1992:.
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1675:(
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1082:)
1078:(
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