1717:
1738:
266:
Because bile acid sequestrants are not well-absorbed from the gut, they are generally regarded as safe in pregnant women. However, by interfering with vitamin absorption (see below), they could cause vitamin deficiencies that may affect the fetus. So, vitamin supplementation may be considered, with
86:
ions for bile acids. By doing so, they bind bile acids and sequester them from the enterohepatic circulation. The liver then produces more bile acids to replace those that have been lost. Because the body uses cholesterol to make bile acids, this reduces the level of LDL cholesterol circulating in
90:
Bile acid sequestrants are large polymeric structures, and they are not significantly absorbed from the gut into the bloodstream. Thus, bile acid sequestrants, along with any bile acids bound to the drug, are excreted via the feces after passage through the gastrointestinal tract.
275:
In addition to bile acids, bile acid sequestrants may also bind drugs in the GI tract, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream. For this reason, it is generally advised that bile acid sequestrants be spaced several hours apart from other drugs.
190:
have all been used. Doses may not need to be as high as those previously used for hyperlipidemia. Many patients find them hard to tolerate, as although the diarrhea may improve, bloating and abdominal pain can worsen.
465:
Heel RC, Brogden RN, Pakes GE, Speight TM, Avery GS (March 1980). "Colestipol: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in patients with hypercholesterolaemia".
1669:
749:
1775:
634:"Colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid malabsorption-associated diarrhea in patients with Crohn's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study"
1726:
739:
1520:
243:
As bile acid sequestrants are designed to stay in the gut; in general, they do not have systemic side effects. However, they may cause problems in the
143:
when used with statins. The bile-acid-binding resins can raise triglycerides modestly (about 5%) and cannot be used if the triglycerides are elevated.
2442:
2027:
717:
2496:
1093:
1768:
1380:
1373:
1480:
222:
as an adjunct therapy. By inhibiting the enterohepatic circulation, more L-thyroxine will be lost through defecation, thus lowering body
151:
Chronic diarrhea may be caused by excess bile salts entering the colon rather than being absorbed at the end of the small intestine (the
231:
1123:
986:
304:. This effect could result in a vitamin deficiency, and so checking blood levels and possible supplementation has been suggested.
1806:
2545:
1761:
1276:
732:
430:
Hashim SA, Vanitallie TB (April 1965). "Cholestyramine resin therapy for hypercholesteremia: clinical and metabolic studies".
407:
975:
2031:
1797:
757:
50:
by combining with bile constituents and preventing their reabsorption from the gut. In general, they are classified as
2513:
1586:
1236:
725:
43:
2356:
2322:
2237:
1979:
112:(commonly known as "bad cholesterol") in blood. Consequently, these drugs have been used for the treatment of
2501:
2381:
2376:
2351:
2318:
2280:
2064:
1983:
1919:
1846:
1291:
969:
820:
543:
Hofmann AF, Poley JR (August 1969). "Cholestyramine treatment of diarrhea associated with ileal resection".
156:
109:
59:
54:, although they may be used for purposes other than lowering cholesterol. They are used in the treatment of
2366:
2361:
1328:
1083:
244:
2148:
2457:
2371:
949:
794:
418:
167:, with a number of other gastrointestinal causes, or is commonly a primary, idiopathic condition. The
2412:
2138:
1997:
1088:
1068:
937:
113:
2540:
1784:
1697:
1433:
1219:
998:
825:
285:
124:
51:
1737:
2396:
1842:
1731:
1596:
1455:
909:
490:
390:
75:
164:
139:(another major group of cholesterol-lowering drugs), which are thought to increase the risk of
2391:
2060:
2017:
1915:
1692:
1475:
1465:
1368:
1198:
1154:
1138:
942:
932:
875:
865:
704:
655:
614:
560:
525:
482:
447:
382:
1702:
1525:
1450:
1438:
1363:
1229:
1108:
897:
694:
686:
645:
604:
596:
552:
517:
474:
439:
372:
55:
2276:
2092:
1742:
1687:
1556:
1551:
1390:
1323:
1318:
1204:
1150:
991:
882:
835:
219:
108:, disruption of bile acid reabsorption will decrease cholesterol levels, in particular,
2507:
2233:
2073:
1721:
1621:
1616:
1470:
1460:
1410:
1395:
1385:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1209:
1181:
1133:
1128:
860:
815:
811:
699:
674:
609:
584:
361:"Systematic review: the management of chronic diarrhoea due to bile acid malabsorption"
320:
179:
140:
17:
2534:
1880:
1870:
1653:
1626:
1485:
1303:
1214:
1194:
1190:
1053:
981:
870:
785:
521:
478:
443:
39:
494:
394:
2482:
2158:
2153:
2120:
2111:
2083:
2012:
1963:
1953:
1933:
1928:
1788:
1611:
1530:
1266:
1224:
1058:
1048:
964:
959:
248:
135:. They are occasionally used as an adjunct to the statins as an alternative to the
117:
1169:
650:
633:
267:
appropriate intervals between dosing of the vitamins and bile acid sequestrants.
178:
Bile acid sequestrants are the principal therapy for bile acid-induced diarrhea.
2462:
2437:
2417:
2386:
2294:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2198:
2193:
2183:
2178:
2143:
2050:
2040:
1968:
1958:
1938:
1888:
1855:
1495:
1405:
1145:
1098:
1043:
926:
892:
556:
332:
187:
172:
171:
test can be used for diagnosis. Bile salt diarrhea can also be a side-effect of
105:
2477:
2452:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2331:
2304:
2299:
2289:
2203:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2097:
2045:
2007:
1948:
1943:
1865:
1860:
1823:
1753:
1673:
1644:
1602:
1571:
1566:
1505:
1500:
1490:
1428:
1414:
1354:
1309:
1257:
1177:
1173:
1114:
1074:
1029:
1025:
915:
851:
801:
766:
762:
326:
260:
183:
600:
2188:
1875:
1828:
1818:
1581:
1561:
1535:
1510:
1445:
1423:
1251:
1164:
1038:
301:
297:
293:
289:
223:
204:
47:
708:
690:
659:
618:
529:
451:
386:
211:(itching). Hence, bile acid sequestrants may be used for the prevention of
564:
486:
2472:
2467:
2447:
2219:
1992:
1884:
1682:
1546:
1542:
1515:
954:
887:
806:
256:
252:
212:
208:
83:
2314:
2130:
1658:
1576:
1241:
1008:
830:
780:
313:
136:
71:
377:
360:
2002:
1911:
1810:
1340:
1003:
168:
131:, which are more efficacious than bile acid sequestrants at lowering
128:
675:"Treatment of pruritus of obstructive jaundice with cholestyramine"
1902:
1640:
1350:
845:
200:
160:
152:
79:
1344:
35:
1757:
721:
132:
335:(Cholestagel in Europe, Welchol in the US, Lodalis in Canada)
508:
Wong NN (2001). "Colesevelam: a new bile acid sequestrant".
312:
Three drugs are members of this class; all are synthetic
34:
are a group of resins used to bind certain components of
632:
Beigel F, Teich N, Howaldt S, et al. (June 2014).
750:
127:
has decreased markedly since the introduction of the
2405:
2344:
2313:
2275:
2232:
2212:
2129:
2119:
2110:
2082:
2059:
2026:
1977:
1910:
1901:
1837:
1805:
1796:
1667:
1639:
1595:
1404:
1339:
1302:
1250:
1163:
1107:
1067:
1024:
908:
844:
756:
419:FDA Heart Health Online – Bile Acid Sequestrants
229:Cholestyramine has been used in the treatment of
218:Bile acid sequestrants may also be used to treat
235:infections, in order to absorb toxins A and B.
578:
576:
574:
408:Which Medicines Lower 'Bad' (LDL) Cholesterol?
354:
352:
350:
348:
207:, bile acids may deposit in the skin, causing
1769:
733:
8:
748:Major chemical drug groups – based upon the
263:. Some patients complain of the bad taste.
2126:
2116:
1907:
1802:
1776:
1762:
1754:
740:
726:
718:
2443:Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate
698:
649:
608:
376:
589:Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
359:Wilcox C, Turner J, Green J (May 2014).
215:in patients with chronic liver disease.
344:
323:(generic and various proprietary names)
1727:Pharmacological classification systems
1094:Selective estrogen receptor modulators
104:As bile acids are biosynthesized from
1374:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
673:Datta DV, Sherlock S (January 1963).
7:
987:Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
78:. Bile acid sequestrants exchange
25:
1807:Cholesterol absorption inhibitors
1736:
1716:
1715:
583:Walters, JR; Pattni, SS (2010).
522:10.1097/00132580-200101000-00009
479:10.2165/00003495-198019030-00001
444:10.1001/jama.1965.03080170017004
1124:Hypothalamic–pituitary hormones
510:Heart Disease (Hagerstown, Md.)
585:"Managing bile acid diarrhoea"
1:
876:Thrombolytics / fibrinolytics
1587:Wakefulness-promoting agents
651:10.1016/j.crohns.2014.05.009
159:occurs after surgery to the
557:10.1056/NEJM196908212810801
70:Bile acid sequestrants are
2562:
1237:Intravenous immunoglobulin
2491:
1711:
44:enterohepatic circulation
2357:Bempedoic acid/ezetimibe
1978:Niacin and derivatives (
1292:Topoisomerase inhibitors
976:renin–angiotensin system
970:Calcium channel blockers
601:10.1177/1756283X10377126
365:Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther
232:Clostridioides difficile
74:compounds that serve as
2382:Fenofibrate/simvastatin
2377:Fenofibrate/pravastatin
2352:Amlodipine/atorvastatin
195:Use in other conditions
157:bile acid malabsorption
147:Bile acid malabsorption
123:Use of these agents as
110:low-density lipoprotein
60:bile acid malabsorption
2546:Bile acid sequestrants
2367:Ezetimibe/rosuvastatin
2362:Ezetimibe/atorvastatin
1839:Bile acid sequestrants
1084:Hormonal contraception
1014:Bile acid sequestrants
795:Proton-pump inhibitors
758:gastrointestinal tract
691:10.1136/bmj.1.5325.216
329:(Colestid, Colestipid)
245:gastrointestinal tract
40:gastrointestinal tract
32:bile acid sequestrants
18:Bile acid sequestrants
2458:Omega-3-triglycerides
2372:Ezetimibe/simvastatin
1785:Lipid-lowering agents
155:). This condition of
2413:Alipogene tiparvovec
2139:Aluminium clofibrate
1998:Aluminium nicotinate
1693:Radiopharmaceuticals
1481:Antiparkinson agents
286:fat-soluble vitamins
125:hypolipidemic agents
114:hypercholesterolemia
52:hypolipidemic agents
2149:Choline fenofibrate
1476:Antimigraine agents
1466:Antidementia agents
1369:Anti-inflammatories
1059:Medicated dressings
999:Antihyperlipidemics
826:Diabetes medication
284:They can also bind
76:ion-exchange resins
42:. They disrupt the
2518:Never to phase III
2397:Niacin/simvastatin
2387:Niacin/laropiprant
1329:Immunosuppressants
1199:Antimycobacterials
1155:Antithyroid agents
1139:Mineralocorticoids
943:Cardiac stimulants
933:Cardiac glycosides
925:cardiac therapy /
821:Anti-obesity drugs
2528:
2527:
2392:Niacin/lovastatin
2340:
2339:
2228:
2227:
2106:
2105:
2061:ATP citrate lyase
2018:Nicotinyl alcohol
1916:HMG-CoA reductase
1897:
1896:
1751:
1750:
1654:Ophthalmologicals
1364:Anabolic steroids
1267:Anticancer agents
1230:Ectoparasiticides
950:Antihypertensives
898:Antifibrinolytics
378:10.1111/apt.12684
271:Drug interactions
203:diseases such as
16:(Redirected from
2553:
2277:PCSK9 inhibitors
2127:
2117:
1908:
1803:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1755:
1740:
1719:
1718:
1703:Senotherapeutics
1557:Neuroprotectives
1552:Mood stabilizers
1451:Anti-ADHD agents
1391:Muscle relaxants
1324:Immunostimulants
1319:Immunomodulators
1151:Thyroid hormones
1089:Fertility agents
992:Renin inhibitors
883:Antihemorrhagics
850:forming organs (
836:Dietary minerals
742:
735:
728:
719:
713:
712:
702:
670:
664:
663:
653:
638:J Crohns Colitis
629:
623:
622:
612:
580:
569:
568:
540:
534:
533:
505:
499:
498:
462:
456:
455:
427:
421:
416:
410:
405:
399:
398:
380:
356:
56:chronic diarrhea
21:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2508:Clinical trials
2487:
2401:
2336:
2309:
2271:
2234:CETP inhibitors
2224:
2208:
2102:
2093:Dextrothyroxine
2078:
2055:
2022:
1973:
1893:
1833:
1792:
1782:
1752:
1747:
1743:Medicine portal
1707:
1663:
1635:
1630:
1622:Cough medicines
1617:Bronchodilators
1598:
1591:
1471:Antidepressants
1461:Anticonvulsants
1409:
1400:
1396:Bisphosphonates
1386:Corticosteroids
1348:
1335:
1307:
1298:
1282:Spindle poisons
1272:Antimetabolites
1255:
1246:
1168:
1159:
1134:Glucocorticoids
1129:Corticosteroids
1110:
1103:
1070:
1063:
1020:
938:Antiarrhythmics
911:
904:
861:Antithrombotics
849:
840:
816:Antipropulsives
812:Antidiarrhoeals
789:
760:
752:
746:
716:
685:(5325): 216–9.
672:
671:
667:
631:
630:
626:
582:
581:
572:
545:N. Engl. J. Med
542:
541:
537:
507:
506:
502:
464:
463:
459:
429:
428:
424:
417:
413:
406:
402:
358:
357:
346:
342:
310:
282:
273:
241:
220:hyperthyroidism
197:
165:Crohn's disease
149:
102:
97:
68:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2559:
2557:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2533:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2284:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2124:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2074:Bempedoic acid
2070:
2068:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1688:Contrast media
1685:
1679:
1677:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1641:sensory organs
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1608:
1606:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1486:Antipsychotics
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1456:Antiaddictives
1453:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1411:nervous system
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1381:Antirheumatics
1378:
1377:
1376:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1315:
1313:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1287:Antineoplastic
1284:
1279:
1274:
1263:
1261:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1220:Antiprotozoals
1215:Antiparasitics
1212:
1207:
1202:
1195:Antibacterials
1191:Antimicrobials
1187:
1185:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1080:
1078:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1054:Antipsoriatics
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
996:
995:
994:
989:
984:
982:ACE inhibitors
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
946:
945:
940:
935:
921:
919:
910:cardiovascular
906:
905:
903:
902:
901:
900:
895:
890:
880:
879:
878:
873:
871:Anticoagulants
868:
857:
855:
842:
841:
839:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
809:
804:
799:
798:
797:
792:
787:
783:
772:
770:
754:
753:
747:
745:
744:
737:
730:
722:
715:
714:
665:
644:(11): 1471–9.
624:
570:
551:(8): 397–402.
535:
500:
457:
422:
411:
400:
343:
341:
338:
337:
336:
330:
324:
321:Cholestyramine
309:
306:
281:
278:
272:
269:
240:
237:
196:
193:
180:Cholestyramine
148:
145:
141:rhabdomyolysis
101:
100:Hyperlipidemia
98:
96:
93:
67:
64:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2558:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2121:PPAR agonists
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Blood vessels
2109:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:Thyromimetics
2081:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1881:Soluble fiber
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:Colestyramine
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1774:
1772:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1632:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1612:Decongestants
1610:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1531:Dissociatives
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1521:Hallucinogens
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:Anthelmintics
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1069:genitourinary
1066:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1049:Antipruritics
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
979:
978:
977:
973:
971:
968:
966:
965:Beta blockers
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
929:
928:
923:
922:
920:
917:
913:
907:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
885:
884:
881:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
866:Antiplatelets
864:
863:
862:
859:
858:
856:
853:
847:
843:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
796:
793:
791:
784:
782:
779:
778:
777:
774:
773:
771:
768:
764:
759:
755:
751:
743:
738:
736:
731:
729:
724:
723:
720:
710:
706:
701:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
669:
666:
661:
657:
652:
647:
643:
639:
635:
628:
625:
620:
616:
611:
606:
602:
598:
595:(6): 349–57.
594:
590:
586:
579:
577:
575:
571:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
539:
536:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
504:
501:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
473:(3): 161–80.
472:
468:
461:
458:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
426:
423:
420:
415:
412:
409:
404:
401:
396:
392:
388:
384:
379:
374:
371:(9): 923–39.
370:
366:
362:
355:
353:
351:
349:
345:
339:
334:
331:
328:
325:
322:
319:
318:
317:
315:
307:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
279:
277:
270:
268:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
238:
236:
234:
233:
227:
225:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
194:
192:
189:
185:
181:
176:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
146:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
99:
94:
92:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
65:
63:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
27:Class of drug
19:
2483:Volanesorsen
2345:Combinations
2317:inhibitors (
2159:Clinofibrate
2154:Ciprofibrate
2063:inhibitors (
2030:inhibitors (
2013:Nicofuranose
1964:Rosuvastatin
1954:Pitavastatin
1934:Cerivastatin
1929:Atorvastatin
1838:
1526:Psychedelics
1496:Aphrodisiacs
1170:infestations
1146:Sex hormones
1099:Sex hormones
1044:Cicatrizants
1013:
974:
960:Vasodilators
927:antianginals
924:
776:stomach acid
775:
682:
678:
668:
641:
637:
627:
592:
588:
548:
544:
538:
516:(1): 63–70.
513:
509:
503:
470:
466:
460:
435:
431:
425:
414:
403:
368:
364:
311:
283:
274:
265:
249:constipation
242:
239:Side effects
230:
228:
217:
198:
177:
150:
122:
118:dyslipidemia
103:
95:Medical uses
89:
69:
31:
29:
2504:from market
2463:Policosanol
2438:Lapaquistat
2418:Azacosterol
2295:Bococizumab
2267:Torcetrapib
2262:Obicetrapib
2257:Evacetrapib
2252:Dalcetrapib
2247:Anacetrapib
2199:Ronifibrate
2194:Pemafibrate
2184:Gemfibrozil
2179:Fenofibrate
2144:Bezafibrate
2051:Mitratapide
2041:Dirlotapide
1969:Simvastatin
1959:Pravastatin
1939:Fluvastatin
1889:glucomannan
1856:Colesevelam
1659:Otologicals
1631:antagonists
1597:respiratory
1572:Orexigenics
1567:Neurotoxins
1516:Euphoriants
1506:Entactogens
1501:Depressants
1491:Anxiolytics
1429:Anesthetics
1205:Antifungals
802:Antiemetics
790:antagonists
333:Colesevelam
199:In chronic
188:colesevelam
173:gallbladder
106:cholesterol
87:the blood.
2541:Hepatology
2535:Categories
2478:Triparanol
2453:Mipomersen
2433:Darapladib
2428:Benfluorex
2423:Azalanstat
2332:Evinacumab
2305:Inclisiran
2300:Evolocumab
2290:Alirocumab
2204:Simfibrate
2174:Etofibrate
2169:Clofibride
2164:Clofibrate
2098:Resmetirom
2046:Lomitapide
2008:Niceritrol
1949:Mevastatin
1944:Lovastatin
1866:Colestipol
1861:Colestilan
1824:Hyzetimibe
1582:Stimulants
1562:Nootropics
1536:Deliriants
1511:Entheogens
1446:Anorectics
1424:Analgesics
1277:Alkylating
1210:Antivirals
1165:infections
1039:Emollients
893:Coagulants
763:metabolism
438:: 289–93.
340:References
327:Colestipol
288:, such as
261:flatulence
247:, such as
184:colestipol
48:bile acids
2514:Phase III
2502:Withdrawn
2189:Nafenopin
1876:Colextran
1829:SCH-48461
1819:Ezetimibe
1732:ATC codes
1698:Dressings
1683:Antidotes
1547:Sedatives
1543:Hypnotics
1252:malignant
1109:endocrine
955:Diuretics
888:Platelets
848:and blood
807:Laxatives
314:polymeric
302:vitamin K
298:vitamin E
294:vitamin D
290:vitamin A
224:thyroxine
205:cirrhosis
175:removal.
72:polymeric
66:Mechanism
2473:Tiadenol
2468:Probucol
2448:Meglutol
2220:GW501516
2131:Fibrates
1993:Acipimox
1885:psyllium
1883:such as
1798:GI tract
1577:Serenics
1242:Vaccines
1009:Fibrates
831:Vitamins
781:Antacids
709:14025214
679:Br Med J
660:24953836
619:21180614
530:11975771
495:27745975
452:14271976
395:12016216
387:24602022
316:resins:
308:Examples
280:Vitamins
257:bloating
253:diarrhea
226:levels.
213:pruritus
209:pruritus
137:fibrates
84:chloride
82:such as
2315:ANGPTL3
1912:Statins
1434:General
1341:muscles
1310:L03–L04
1306:disease
1258:L01–L02
1254:disease
1004:Statins
700:2123703
610:3002596
565:4894463
487:6988203
129:statins
58:due to
38:in the
2497:WHO-EM
2213:Others
2086:(VLDL)
2003:Niacin
1843:resins
1811:NPC1L1
1741:
1720:
1668:other
1599:system
1351:joints
1304:immune
1111:system
1071:system
912:system
707:
697:
658:
617:
607:
563:
528:
493:
485:
450:
393:
385:
300:, and
259:, and
169:SeHCAT
80:anions
2406:Other
2123:(LDL)
1903:Liver
1722:Drugs
1439:Local
1406:brain
1345:bones
846:blood
491:S2CID
467:Drugs
391:S2CID
201:liver
163:, in
161:ileum
153:ileum
2032:VLDL
2028:MTTP
1982:and
1887:and
1349:and
1026:skin
705:PMID
656:PMID
615:PMID
561:PMID
526:PMID
483:PMID
448:PMID
432:JAMA
383:PMID
186:and
116:and
36:bile
30:The
2323:HDL
2319:LDL
2281:LDL
2238:HDL
2065:LDL
1984:LDL
1980:HDL
1920:LDL
1847:LDL
1789:C10
1670:ATC
1408:and
1167:and
695:PMC
687:doi
646:doi
605:PMC
597:doi
553:doi
549:281
518:doi
475:doi
440:doi
436:192
373:doi
133:LDL
46:of
2537::
2510::
1918:,
1809:,
1545:/
1343:,
1193::
1182:QI
1180:,
1176:,
1153:/
814:/
761:/
703:.
693:.
681:.
677:.
654:.
640:.
636:.
613:.
603:.
591:.
587:.
573:^
559:.
547:.
524:.
512:.
489:.
481:.
471:19
469:.
446:.
434:.
389:.
381:.
369:39
367:.
363:.
347:^
296:,
292:,
255:,
251:,
182:,
120:.
62:.
2325:)
2321:/
2283:)
2279:(
2240:)
2236:(
2067:)
2034:)
1986:)
1922:)
1914:(
1849:)
1845:(
1841:/
1791:)
1787:(
1777:e
1770:t
1763:v
1676:)
1674:V
1672:(
1647:)
1645:S
1643:(
1629:1
1627:H
1605:)
1603:R
1601:(
1417:)
1415:N
1413:(
1357:)
1355:M
1353:(
1347:,
1312:)
1308:(
1260:)
1256:(
1201:)
1197:(
1184:)
1178:P
1174:J
1172:(
1117:)
1115:H
1113:(
1077:)
1075:G
1073:(
1032:)
1030:D
1028:(
918:)
916:C
914:(
854:)
852:B
788:2
786:H
769:)
767:A
765:(
741:e
734:t
727:v
711:.
689::
683:1
662:.
648::
642:8
621:.
599::
593:3
567:.
555::
532:.
520::
514:3
497:.
477::
454:.
442::
397:.
375::
20:)
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