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Biretta

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289: 480:"262. Doctoratus ac Scentiae effectus canonici sic recensentur can. 1378...doctoribus seu gradum academicum in una ex quatuor supradictis facultatibus <<vide 261: philosophia, theologia, ius canonicum, Sacra Scriptura>> supremum obtinentibus, rite creatis, seu promotis regulariter post examen, iuxta "statuta a Sede Apostolica probata" (can. 1376, § 2) saltem quoad usum validum "facultatis ab eadem Aplca. Sede concessae" (can. 1377, § 1), deferendi, extra sacras functiones, (quarum nomine ad hunc eflectum non-venit ex usu sacra praedicatio), nisi aliunde amplietur eis hoc ius quoad a) annulum etiam cum gemma "ipsis a iure huius canonis concessum" (can. 136, § 2), b) et biretum doctorale, (idest: cum quatuor apicibus) utpote insigne huius gradus ac diverso colore ornatum pro Facultate.: 323: 488:. Nevertheless, the use of the academic biretta has continued to this day despite official recognition in the 1983 Code on the grounds that the new code did not intend to suppress its use but simply to divest itself of concern for academic regalia. Moreover, as it became socially acceptable for Catholic priests to study for post-ordination degrees at Protestant seminaries or secular universities, the four horned academic biretta with appropriately colored piping has similarly been employed by such priests earning doctoral degrees from even non-pontifical institutions. 308: 273: 89: 1257: 565: 1646: 193: 421: 29: 595:
The biretta was considered as possible headwear for female barristers in England and Wales. In 1922, immediately prior to the first lady being called to the Bar, there was discussion among the senior judges about what she should wear on her head. Darling J and Horridge J suggested the biretta, but
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to certain positions within the Vatican wear a black biretta with red pom, diocesan priests and deacons wear a black biretta with or without a black pom. It is often asserted that seminarians are only entitled to wear a biretta without a pom-pom, but there would seem to be no formal ruling on this
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and cardinals, and less so among other clergy. Some priests wear it during outdoor services such as burials or processions and, as is intended, during the celebration of Mass and other liturgical services. The biretta is also worn by a priest, deacon, subdeacon, and bishop in attendance at a Mass
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At one time, different universities had different practices concerning the color and style of the biretta itself. One author, nearly a century ago, reports that in his day the Roman universities gave a doctoral biretta in black silk, Louvain gave a biretta with a colored tuft according to the
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In the medieval university, the ceremony by which a new master or doctor received his degree included the birretatio, or imposition of the biretta. This was often given with a token book in recognition of the person's scholarship. The academic biretta developed into various styles of academic
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point. Priests in monastic and mendicant religious orders that have their own habits (Benedictines, Franciscans, Dominicans, etc.) do not generally wear birettas: in most circumstances, even liturgical, the monastic hood took the place of the biretta.
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and other academic settings, doctors of the four ecclesiastical disciplines (Philosophy, Theology, Canon Law, and Sacred Scriptures) from pontifical faculties and universities have a canonical right to wear the doctoral biretta as stated in the
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used today in secular universities. The biretta seems to have become more widely used as an ecclesiastical vestment after the synod of Bergamo, 1311, ordered the clergy to wear the "bireta on their heads after the manner of laymen." The tuft or
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The origins of the biretta are uncertain. It is mentioned as early as the tenth century. One possible origin is the academic cap of the high Middle Ages, which was soft and square. This is also the ancestor of the modern
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Codex Iuris Canonici, 1917, can. 1378, and Commentarium Textus Codicis Iuris Canonici, 1923, comm. 262, p. 320: "biretum doctorale, (idest: cum quatuor apicibus) utpote insigne huius gradus ac diverso colore ornatum pro
322: 146:, and even seminarians (who are not clergy, since they are no longer tonsured). Those worn by cardinals are scarlet red and made of silk. After the Second Vatican Council the ceremony of giving the 1324: 514:
academic discipline in which the doctorate was awarded, and the Catholic University of America gave a velvet biretta with red tuft and trim to doctors of theology. The 'traditional' biretta at the
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The color of the doctoral biretta given by ecclesiastical universities and faculties is normally black, with colored piping corresponding to the faculty of study in which the degree was granted:
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The liturgical biretta has three peaks (four peaks however are the norm in Germany and the Netherlands), with the "peak-less" corner worn on the left side of the head. According to the 1913
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Codex Iuris Canonici, 1917, can. 1378; Commentarium Textus Codicis Iuris Canonici, 1923, comm. 262: Commentarium Codicis Iuris Canonici, 1922, Liber III, Pars IV, Tit. XXII, 262
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For those holding doctoral degrees from a pontifical university or faculty, whether ordained or lay, "the principal mark of a Doctor's dignity is the four horned biretta." In
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were outvoted by the other nine judges present. As a result, female barristers wear the same unpowdered men's wig as male barristers, which completely covers the hair.
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headgear on the European continent and in the British Isles. Today some secular universities still use the term, if not the actual biretta, to name their academic cap.
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and still remains the correct liturgical headgear for those in Holy Orders whilst "in choir", but its use has been made optional. Its use is prevalent among
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with three or four peaks or horns, sometimes surmounted by a tuft. Traditionally the three-peaked biretta is worn by Christian clergy, especially
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John Abel Nainfa, S.S., Costume of Prelates of the Catholic Church: According to Roman Etiquette (Baltimore: John Murphy Company, rev. ed. 1926).
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A three-peaked black biretta with appropriately colored piping may be similarly used by those receiving the licentiate degree (S.T.L., Ph.L.).
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The sections concerning the 1917 edition of Canon Law in relation to the academic biretta were abrogated by the updated edition in the
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The use of the biretta has not been abolished as a result of changes in the regulation of clerical dress and vesture following the
208:– they will form a line, and kneel before him when receiving them), bishops bear a purple pom, priests who have been appointed as 382: 362: 358: 2858: 1532: 525:
in its May 2011 meeting indicated that the black biretta may be used with trim and pom in the color of the particular faculty.
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John Abel Nainfa, Costume of Prelates of The Catholic Church: According To Roman Etiquette, 164.
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or faculty. Occasionally the biretta is worn by advocates in law courts, for instance the
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require the priest to wear the biretta while proceeding to the altar, to hand it to the
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sometimes seen on the biretta was added later; the earliest forms of the biretta (the
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Milton's Teeth and Ovid's Umbrella: Curiouser & Curiouser Adventures in History
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The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church
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Birettas may also be worn by Lutheran clergy, primarily those affiliated with an
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in color, while those worn by priests, deacons, and seminarians are black. The
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Herbert Norris, Church Vestments: Their Origin and Development, 1950, 161.
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Sammlung Philippi - Kopfbedeckungen in Glaube, Religion und Spiritualität
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wearing the black biretta of a priest in a mid-19th century painting
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to cardinals was replaced with giving the biretta. The biretta of a
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for instance, generally also wear birettas, but without a pom. The
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Cardinals bear no tuft or "pom" (they are given their birettas and
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Archbishop Julian Porteous of Hobart wearing an amaranth biretta
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The doctoral biretta is sometimes seen in depictions of St.
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and deans could wear a black biretta with a red pom.
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Anglican clergy, though it is generally considered a
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by the Pope who elevated them in a ceremony named a
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Simon & Schuster, New York. 262:offered according to the rubrics for the 64:clergy. A four-peaked biretta is worn as 1325:Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology 889:. Pust.it. 15 June 2011. Archived from 642: 342:Birettas are also occasionally worn by 268: 887:"Ring, Biretta and Gown for Graduates" 756:"What is Anglo-Catholicism? Part Four" 671:Ritus servandus in celebratione Missae 282:wearing a scarlet watered silk biretta 3652:History of clothing (Western fashion) 1112: 1035:Additional pictures of Spanish bonete 241:uses black birettas with a blue pom. 7: 719:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 295:Then-Archbishop Willem Jacobus Eijk 19:For the firearms manufacturer, see 948:Noonan, James-Charles Jr. (1996). 162:does not make use of the biretta. 14: 2299:Head covering for Christian women 1645: 1644: 1255: 713:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). 686:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Biretta" 563: 532:Depictions in art in Catholicism 321: 306: 287: 271: 1016:, English ed. 17 April 1969: 4. 463:Use by pontifical universities 1: 973:. Leipzig: St. Benno Verlag. 867:. Cantate-domino.blogspot.com 330:Giuseppe Benedetto Cottolengo 1092:Groves classification system 454:Use in medieval universities 428:(college president) in full 32:A traditional black biretta. 3642:Cardinals (Catholic Church) 492:Colors of doctoral birettas 113:) did not bear the device. 3700: 3677:Catholic clerical clothing 1287:Norman Hargreaves-Mawdsley 913:Saint Teresa in New Mexico 863:papabear (26 April 2008). 684:Thurston, Herbert (1907). 18: 1702: 1640: 1253: 969:Philippi, Dieter (2009). 707:Herbert Thurston (1913). 688:. Robert Appleton Company 503:Canon Law (J.C.D.): Green 3682:Roman Catholic vestments 804:Olmert, Michael (1996). 506:Philosophy (Ph.D.): Blue 1000:Encyclopædia Britannica 989:Phillips, Walter Alison 606:The Philippi Collection 542:University of Salamanca 469:commencement ceremonies 934:. Accessed 2006-11-26. 500:Theology (S.T.D.): Red 486:1983 Code of Canon Law 482: 445: 436:(biretta) that is the 255:Second Vatican Council 221:wear a white biretta. 197: 96: 45: 33: 3647:Eucharistic vestments 2338:Salvation Army bonnet 1459:Liverpool John Moores 932:Portraits/Chicago Inc 716:Catholic Encyclopedia 611:Roman Catholic (term) 478: 423: 297:(Utrecht) wearing an 247:Catholic Encyclopedia 195: 91: 70:pontifical university 54:Roman Catholic clergy 31: 1013:L'Osservatore Romano 865:"Accessed 3-25-2011" 735:The Episcopal Church 637:Notes and references 546:Doctor of the Church 474:Codex Iuris Canonici 432:, wearing the round 410:Evangelical Catholic 264:Roman Missal of 1962 3657:History of clothing 2722:Coal scuttle bonnet 2008:Casquette d'Afrique 1533:Undergraduate gowns 1138:Square academic cap 1108:Bishop Andrewes cap 918:10 May 2006 at the 760:anglicanhistory.org 650:Biretta Definitions 94:Philippi Collection 3672:Religious headgear 3667:Lutheran vestments 3662:History of fashion 3637:Anglican vestments 3189:Sombrero de catite 2507:Boss of the Plains 1705:List of hat styles 1612:The Burgon Society 575:. You can help by 550:Thérèse de Lisieux 446: 219:Order of Prémontré 198: 130:clergy, including 117:Liturgical biretta 97: 56:, as well as some 34: 3624: 3623: 3414:Haredi burqa sect 3211:Stormy Kromer cap 3194:Sombrero vueltiao 3184:Sombrero cordobés 2830: 2829: 2663: 2662: 2443: 2442: 2396: 2395: 1658: 1657: 1600: 1599: 1542: 1541: 1417:England and Wales 1297:Vivienne Westwood 1251: 1250: 980:978-3-7462-2800-6 593: 592: 313:The Biretta of a 46:biretum, birretum 3689: 3179:Sombrero calañés 2557: 2371:Epanokalimavkion 2245: 2236: 1720: 1685: 1678: 1671: 1662: 1648: 1647: 1617:Academic scarves 1414: 1310: 1282:Charles Franklyn 1259: 1082: 1064: 1057: 1050: 1041: 1028: 1004: 996: 984: 965: 935: 929: 923: 909: 903: 902: 900: 898: 883: 877: 876: 874: 872: 860: 854: 850: 844: 841: 835: 832: 826: 823: 817: 802: 796: 795: 793: 791: 785:The Parish Press 777: 771: 770: 768: 766: 752: 746: 745: 743: 741: 727: 721: 720: 712: 704: 698: 697: 695: 693: 681: 675: 673:, II.2 and XII.6 667: 661: 658: 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1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1728: 1726: 1717: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1690: 1688: 1687: 1680: 1673: 1665: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1652: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1635: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1595: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1552: 1550: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1508: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1472: 1471: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1411: 1409:United Kingdom 1405: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1388: 1386: 1385: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1372: 1370: 1369: 1364: 1358: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1348: 1342: 1340: 1336: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1316: 1314: 1307: 1303: 1302: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1268: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1246: 1245: 1238: 1233: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1218: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1201: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1153: 1151: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1118:Canterbury cap 1115: 1110: 1104: 1102: 1098: 1097: 1095: 1094: 1088: 1086: 1079: 1075: 1074: 1071:Academic dress 1069: 1067: 1066: 1059: 1052: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1022: 1021:External links 1019: 1018: 1017: 1005: 985: 979: 966: 960: 943: 940: 937: 936: 924: 904: 878: 855: 845: 836: 827: 818: 797: 772: 747: 731:"Biretta Belt" 722: 699: 676: 662: 653: 641: 640: 638: 635: 634: 633: 628: 626:Four Winds hat 623: 618: 613: 608: 601: 598: 591: 590: 570: 568: 557: 554: 533: 530: 511: 510: 507: 504: 501: 493: 490: 464: 461: 455: 452: 450: 447: 430:academic dress 417: 414: 405: 402: 398:Canterbury cap 393:in Michigan). 373:in Wisconsin, 344:Anglo-Catholic 339: 336: 335: 334: 327: 320: 318: 312: 305: 303: 293: 286: 284: 277: 270: 223:Clerks Regular 215:Canons Regular 189: 186: 123: 120: 118: 115: 85: 82: 66:academic dress 48:) is a square 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3695: 3694: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3598: 3596: 3592: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3550:Campaign cord 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3521: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3474:Puneri Pagadi 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3321: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3267: 3264: 3262: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3176: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3084:Nón quai thao 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2849:Asian conical 2847: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2833: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2666: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2645:Stormy Kromer 2643: 2639: 2636: 2635: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2573: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2558: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2450: 2446: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2399: 2389: 2386: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2367: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2355: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2327: 2324: 2323: 2322: 2319: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2304:Easter bonnet 2302: 2301: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2222: 2221:Utility cover 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2205: 2202: 2201: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2094: 2093:Uniform beret 2090: 2087: 2085: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2044: 2041: 2040: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1998:Cap comforter 1996: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1904: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1870: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1795: 1792: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1752:Draped turban 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1686: 1681: 1679: 1674: 1672: 1667: 1666: 1663: 1651: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1548:United States 1545: 1535: 1534: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1522:Robert Gordon 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1470: 1467: 1466: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1400: 1399:Chulalongkorn 1397: 1396: 1394: 1390: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1378: 1374: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1315: 1311: 1308: 1304: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1258: 1244: 1243: 1239: 1237: 1236:Doctoral ring 1234: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1226: 1224:Miscellaneous 1222: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1065: 1060: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1015: 1014: 1009: 1006: 1002: 1001: 995: 990: 986: 982: 976: 972: 967: 963: 961:0-670-86745-4 957: 953: 952: 946: 945: 941: 933: 928: 925: 921: 917: 914: 911:Paul Rhetts, 908: 905: 892: 888: 882: 879: 866: 859: 856: 849: 846: 840: 837: 831: 828: 822: 819: 815: 814:0-684-80164-7 811: 807: 801: 798: 786: 782: 776: 773: 761: 757: 751: 748: 736: 732: 726: 723: 718: 717: 711: 703: 700: 687: 680: 677: 674: 672: 666: 663: 657: 654: 651: 646: 643: 636: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 603: 599: 597: 587: 578: 574: 571:This section 569: 566: 562: 561: 555: 553: 551: 547: 543: 539: 531: 529: 526: 524: 520: 519: 508: 505: 502: 499: 498: 497: 491: 489: 487: 481: 477: 475: 470: 462: 460: 453: 448: 444:universities. 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 422: 415: 413: 411: 403: 401: 399: 394: 392: 388: 385:in Illinois, 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 355: 353: 349: 345: 337: 331: 324: 319: 316: 309: 304: 300: 296: 290: 285: 281: 274: 269: 267: 265: 260: 256: 251: 249: 248: 242: 240: 236: 232: 231:Redemptorists 228: 224: 220: 216: 211: 207: 203: 194: 187: 185: 183: 179: 175: 171: 168: 163: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 121: 116: 114: 112: 108: 103: 95: 90: 83: 81: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 39: 30: 26: 22: 3271:Tsunokakushi 2732:Dolly Varden 2633:Sports visor 2618:Horse racing 2603:Bicycle clip 2256: 1963:Bell-boy hat 1881:Cabbage-tree 1846:Anthony Eden 1531: 1272:Cecil Beaton 1240: 1148:Tudor bonnet 1128:Doctoral hat 1011: 998: 970: 950: 942:Bibliography 927: 907: 895:. Retrieved 891:the original 881: 869:. Retrieved 858: 848: 839: 830: 821: 805: 800: 788:. Retrieved 784: 775: 763:. Retrieved 759: 750: 738:. Retrieved 734: 725: 714: 702: 690:. Retrieved 679: 670: 665: 656: 645: 594: 581: 577:adding to it 572: 556:Use by women 535: 527: 522: 517: 512: 495: 483: 479: 466: 457: 438:academic cap 433: 425: 407: 404:Lutheran use 395: 361:Dioceses of 356: 341: 338:Anglican use 280:Angelo Scola 252: 245: 243: 199: 170:Roman Missal 164: 128:Latin Church 125: 122:Catholic use 98: 37: 35: 25: 3594:Accessories 3545:Bumper brim 3449:Mysore peta 3154:Senufo bird 3064:Montenegrin 2999:Jeongjagwan 2944:Energy dome 2899:Blue bonnet 2802:Poke bonnet 2747:French hood 2613:Deerstalker 2572:Baggy green 2376:Kalimavkion 2326:Papal tiara 2080:Maintenance 1833:Semi-formal 1627:Legal dress 1622:Honor cords 1383:Santo Tomas 1376:Philippines 1292:George Shaw 1277:John Burgon 1143:Student cap 1085:Terminology 1027:(in German) 853:Facultate". 584:August 2011 383:Springfield 363:Fond du Lac 182:solemn Mass 172:rubrics on 102:mortarboard 3631:Categories 3324:Apostolnik 2954:Four Winds 2929:Dhaka topi 2889:Birke topi 2879:Beonggeoji 2669:Historical 2655:Water polo 2381:Koukoulion 2262:Canterbury 2194:Sou'wester 2043:Karvalakki 1762:Fascinator 1527:St Andrews 1481:Nottingham 1476:Manchester 1306:By country 1078:Components 954:. Viking. 781:"About Us" 367:Eau Claire 206:consistory 188:Appearance 167:Tridentine 134:and other 3555:Cointoise 3523:Hat parts 3394:Għonnella 3276:Tubeteika 3074:Mooskappe 2984:Glengarry 2844:Arakhchin 2767:Kokoshnik 2623:Mounteere 2608:Casquette 2579:Balaclava 2467:Barretina 2435:Shtreimel 2348:Zucchetto 2333:Pilgrim's 2240:Christian 2231:Religious 2177:Triglavka 2157:Rogatywka 2152:Printer's 2140:Mariner's 2070:Mazepynka 2050:Fur wedge 1983:Budenovka 1935:Wideawake 1787:Lampshade 1732:Cartwheel 1512:Edinburgh 1429:Cambridge 1320:Melbourne 1313:Australia 523:Angelicum 518:Angelicum 391:Marquette 371:Milwaukee 359:Episcopal 315:Monsignor 278:Cardinal 202:zucchetti 132:cardinals 74:advocates 3606:Feathers 3560:Gamsbart 3535:Aigrette 3439:Khăn vấn 3369:Cornette 3364:Chaperon 3317:headwear 3306:Yanggwan 3286:Tyrolean 3241:Tanggeon 3174:Sombrero 3134:Rastacap 3114:Pashteen 3029:Keffiyeh 2919:Coonskin 2914:Coloured 2894:Blangkon 2874:Bell-boy 2752:Phrygian 2742:Fontange 2717:Cavalier 2712:Capotain 2707:Bycocket 2650:Swimming 2591:Baseball 2584:Facekini 2546:Umbrella 2541:Tin foil 2524:Monmouth 2309:Mantilla 2284:Capuchon 2274:Capirote 2216:Tricorne 2028:Doctoral 1993:Campaign 1958:Bearskin 1945:Uniforms 1925:Pork pie 1886:Chupalla 1873:Informal 1782:Mushroom 1742:Cocktail 1650:Category 1605:See also 1566:Stanford 1556:Columbia 1505:Scotland 1444:Imperial 1392:Thailand 1367:National 1330:Tasmania 1242:Sub fusc 1179:Liripipe 1101:Headwear 991:(1911). 916:Archived 897:16 March 871:16 March 692:9 August 600:See also 424:Spanish 348:Romanism 299:amaranth 210:prelates 174:low Mass 156:amaranth 62:Anglican 58:Lutheran 3611:Hat box 3601:Cockade 3580:Sarpech 3514:Yashmak 3464:Paranja 3434:Jang-ot 3384:Dumalla 3344:Boshiya 3329:Bashlyk 3315:Wrapped 3296:Ushanka 3251:Taqiyah 3246:Tantour 3206:Songkok 3164:Šibenik 3149:Salakot 3139:Šajkača 3124:Qeleshe 3119:Pungcha 3109:Papakha 3099:Pahlavi 3089:Ochipok 3079:Nambawi 3059:Malahai 3049:Labbade 3024:Kashket 3014:Karakul 2854:Aso Oke 2807:Pudding 2792:Petasos 2772:Miner's 2697:Boudoir 2692:Bergère 2677:Attifet 2596:Trucker 2567:Cricket 2551:Whoopee 2497:Chilote 2415:Kashket 2358:Eastern 2269:Camauro 2257:Biretta 2249:Western 2204:Faluche 2199:Student 2172:Titovka 2084:Chapeau 2075:Nurse's 2013:Caubeen 1968:Bicorne 1953:Aviator 1930:Smoking 1913:Newsboy 1908:Coppola 1841:Homburg 1806:Pillbox 1794:Picture 1757:Eugénie 1715:culture 1713:Western 1561:Harvard 1517:Glasgow 1496:Warwick 1424:Bristol 1355:Ireland 1169:Epitoge 1133:Faluche 1123:Couleur 1113:Biretta 790:25 July 765:25 July 740:25 July 442:Spanish 434:birrete 379:Chicago 301:biretta 259:bishops 227:Jesuits 144:deacons 140:priests 136:bishops 84:Origins 76:in the 38:biretta 21:Beretta 3616:Hatpin 3570:Lappet 3565:Hackle 3504:Turban 3499:Tudong 3494:Tichel 3444:Litham 3424:Hogeon 3389:Emamah 3379:Do-rag 3374:Dastar 3359:Chador 3339:Bonnet 3334:Birrus 3256:Tembel 3221:Šubara 3169:Sindhi 3159:Shyade 3144:Salako 3009:Kalpak 3004:Jobawi 2974:Gandhi 2964:Fulani 2909:Chullo 2904:Chapan 2797:Pileus 2787:Pamela 2782:Modius 2762:Kausia 2757:Hennin 2687:Beaver 2560:Sports 2536:Shower 2502:Cowboy 2492:Bucket 2487:Breton 2482:Bobble 2472:Beanie 2457:Animal 2449:Casual 2430:Spodik 2425:Kolpik 2420:Kippah 2410:Jewish 2402:Jewish 2388:Skufia 2366:Klobuk 2343:Shovel 2314:Wimple 2294:Galero 2189:Slouch 2145:Sailor 2135:Peaked 2130:Patrol 2113:Maroon 2055:Hardee 2038:Forage 2023:Czapka 1978:Boonie 1920:Panama 1896:Trilby 1891:Fedora 1863:Buntal 1858:Bowler 1853:Boater 1777:Juliet 1737:Cloche 1724:Formal 1587:France 1486:Oxford 1469:King's 1464:London 1439:Exeter 1434:Durham 1362:Dublin 1346:McGill 1339:Canada 1265:People 1189:Tippet 977:  958:  812:  631:Skufia 621:Galero 426:rector 389:, and 375:Quincy 369:, and 352:Canons 328:Saint 178:server 152:bishop 148:galero 3585:Visor 3575:Plume 3489:Sudra 3484:Snood 3479:Roach 3469:Pheta 3459:Pagri 3454:Niqāb 3419:Hijab 3409:Gulle 3404:Gugel 3349:Burqa 3301:Welsh 3281:Tuque 3266:Topor 3261:Tokin 3216:Straw 3104:Pakol 3034:Kofia 2994:Jaapi 2969:Futou 2959:Fujin 2939:Dutch 2934:Doppa 2817:Witch 2812:Toque 2737:Dunce 2702:Boyar 2628:Rally 2531:Party 2514:Fruit 2477:Beret 2462:Ascot 2321:Mitre 2162:Shako 2108:Green 2098:Black 1988:Busby 1973:Black 1821:Opera 1799:Peach 1632:Praxe 1592:Spain 1582:China 1491:Wales 1454:Leeds 1231:Bands 1215:Khrui 1198:Gowns 1184:Stole 1157:Hoods 42:Latin 3540:Brim 3530:Agal 3509:Veil 3429:Hood 3399:Gook 3354:Caul 3236:Tang 3201:Song 3129:Qing 3094:Paag 3054:Lika 3044:Kuma 3039:Kufi 3019:Kasa 2924:Cork 2864:Ayam 2836:Folk 2727:Coif 2682:Apex 2519:Knit 2167:Side 2103:Blue 2065:Kepi 2060:Jeep 1903:Flat 1772:Halo 1767:Half 1747:Doll 1696:caps 1694:and 1692:Hats 1449:Kent 1210:Gown 1205:Cope 1174:Hood 1164:Cowl 975:ISBN 956:ISBN 899:2013 873:2013 810:ISBN 792:2023 767:2023 742:2023 694:2018 396:The 381:and 229:and 165:The 160:pope 60:and 36:The 3291:Upe 3226:Sun 2979:Gat 2949:Fez 2777:Mob 2184:Ski 2123:Tan 2118:Red 1816:Top 1811:Tam 1010:. 579:. 440:in 154:is 138:to 111:cap 107:pom 50:cap 3633:: 997:. 783:. 758:. 733:. 552:. 377:, 365:, 350:. 266:. 142:, 80:. 44:: 2091:/ 2082:/ 1684:e 1677:t 1670:v 1063:e 1056:t 1049:v 983:. 964:. 901:. 875:. 816:. 794:. 769:. 744:. 696:. 586:) 582:( 40:( 23:.

Index

Beretta

Latin
cap
Roman Catholic clergy
Lutheran
Anglican
academic dress
pontifical university
advocates
Channel Islands

Philippi Collection
mortarboard
pom
cap
Latin Church
cardinals
bishops
priests
deacons
galero
bishop
amaranth
pope
Tridentine
Roman Missal
low Mass
server
solemn Mass

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