1887:. ST II-II q10a3, q11a3, q12. Q11A3: "With regard to heretics two points must be observed: one, on their own side; the other, on the side of the Church. On their own side there is the sin, whereby they deserve not only to be separated from the Church by excommunication, but also to be severed from the world by death. For it is a much graver matter to corrupt the faith which quickens the soul, than to forge money, which supports temporal life. Wherefore if forgers of money and other evil-doers are forthwith condemned to death by the secular authority, much more reason is there for heretics, as soon as they are convicted of heresy, to be not only excommunicated but even put to death."
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780:(OIC) on behalf of the United Nations' large Muslim bloc. The campaign ended in 2011 when the proposal was withdrawn in Geneva, in the Human Rights Council because of lack of support, marking an end to the effort to establish worldwide blasphemy strictures along the lines of those in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Iran. This resolution had passed every year since 1999, in the United Nations, with declining number of "yes" votes with each successive year. In the early 21st century, blasphemy became an issue in the
809:, its editor-in-chief wrote an editorial that the newspaper was publishing the cartoons because Muslims had to get over their "sickly oversensitivity". Another editor looked upon it as a cultural initiation: "By making fun of people we're also including them in our society. It's not always easy for those concerned, but that the price they're got to pay". Editors expressed concern that Danish comedians, artists and so on were self-censoring because they were afraid of a violent response from Muslims.
760:. Blasphemy laws were rarely enforced in pre-modern Islamic societies, but in the modern era some states and radical groups have used charges of blasphemy in an effort to burnish their religious credentials and gain popular support at the expense of liberal Muslim intellectuals and religious minorities. In recent years, accusations of blasphemy against Islam have sparked international controversies and played part in incidents of mob violence and assassinations of prominent figures.
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of article 19, paragraph 3, as well as such articles as 2, 5, 17, 18 and 26. Thus, for instance, it would be impermissible for any such laws to discriminate in favor of or against one or certain religions or belief systems, or their adherents over another, or religious believers over non-believers. Nor would it be permissible for such prohibitions to be used to prevent or punish criticism of religious leaders or commentary on religious doctrine and tenets of faith.
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Speaking about the report, religious expert Tim Jensen from the
University of Southern Denmark said, "Danes may see the blasphemy law as helping integration because it promotes the acceptance of a multicultural and multi-faith society. But it can also be problematic if it reflects a belief that the feelings of religious people have a special status and require special protection," the Berlingske news agency reports.
1684:"profane ridicule of Christ". The English common law had punished blasphemy as a crime, while excluding "disputes between learned men upon particular controverted points" from the scope of criminal blasphemy. Looking to this precedent, nineteenth-century American appellate courts consistently upheld proscriptions on blasphemy, drawing a line between punishable blasphemy and protected religious speech.
1421:'s "offending religious feelings" law is also, effectively, a prohibition on blasphemy. In Denmark, the former blasphemy law which had support of 66% of its citizens in 2012, made it an offence to "mock legal religions and faiths in Denmark". Many Danes saw the "blasphemy law as helping integration because it promotes the acceptance of a multicultural and multi-faith society."
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Until well into the twentieth century, American law recognized blasphemy as proscribable speech. The blackletter rule was clear. Constitutional liberty entailed a right to articulate views on religion, but not a right to commit blasphemy — the offense of "maliciously reviling God", which encompassed
1090:
Prohibitions of displays of lack of respect for a religion or other belief system, including blasphemy laws, are incompatible with the
Covenant, except in the specific circumstances envisaged in article 20, paragraph 2, of the Covenant. Such prohibitions must also comply with the strict requirements
812:
The global protests that erupted in
February 2006 shocked the artists who submitted cartoons. After receiving a bomb threat one cartoonist was angry that Muslims fleeing persecution in their own countries would "want the laws they have fled" to be enforced in Denmark. The editors stood their ground:
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says that " we compare murder and blasphemy as regards the objects of those sins, it is clear that blasphemy, which is a sin committed directly against God, is more grave than murder, which is a sin against one's neighbor. On the other hand, if we compare them in respect of the harm wrought by them,
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The intellectual culture of the early
English Enlightenment had embraced ironic or scoffing tones in contradistinction to the idea of sacredness in revealed religion. The characterization of "scoffing" as blasphemy was defined as profaning the Scripture by irreverent "Buffoonery and Banter". From at
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to present the idea, which CFI then supported. Ronald
Lindsay, president and CEO of the Center for Inquiry, said, regarding Blasphemy Day, "e think religious beliefs should be subject to examination and criticism just as political beliefs are, but we have a taboo on religion", in an interview with
841:
was very skeptical and critical of the "right to blasphemy" narrative. Skeptics thought it amounted to little more than ridicule of a marginalized group. Scholars rebutting Todd's study have found that many of the protestors were liberal, tolerant people who did not have
Islamophobic or xenophobic
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A recent survey has shown that Danish citizens still largely back the country's 'blasphemy' law. The law, which makes it illegal to "mock legal religions and faiths in
Denmark", is supported by around 66 per cent of Danish voters, according to a recent survey conducted by the liberal group CEPOS.
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Insulting
Buddhism is a punishable offence in some Buddhist majority counties like Sri Lanka and Myanmar. In 2015 a man from New Zealand was sentenced to prison for depicting a picture of Buddha with headphone. Similarly, in 2020 Shakthika Sathkumara, a Sri Lankan author was sentenced 10 years in
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It is not blasphemous to speak or publish opinions hostile to the
Christian religion, or to deny the existence of God, if the publication is couched in decent and temperate language. The test to be applied is as to the manner in which the doctrines are advocated and not as to the substance of the
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stating, "The
English common law had punished blasphemy as a crime, while excluding "disputes between learned men upon particular controverted points" from the scope of criminal blasphemy. Looking to this precedent, nineteenth-century American appellate courts consistently upheld proscriptions on
221:
came. Blasphemy: 'from Gk. blasphemia "a speaking ill, impious speech, slander," from blasphemein "to speak evil of." "In the sense of speaking evil of God this word is found in Ps. 74:18; Isa. 52:5; Rom. 2:24; Rev. 13:1, 6; 16:9, 11, 21. It denotes also any kind of calumny, or evil-speaking, or
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cites Mark 3:28-29 and implicitly defines blaspheming the holy spirit as testing or examining a prophet who is speaking in the spirit (11:7). This is the sin that cannot be forgiven, though other sins can be resolved through repentance. Epiphanius, in his discussion of the heretics he calls the
440:, blasphemy is described as "speaking any evil Thing of God", and as "the highest Degree whereof is cursing him; or if we do not speak it with our Mouths, yet if we do it in our Hearts, by thinking any unworthy Thing of him, it is look'd on by God, who sees the Heart, as the vilest Dishonour."
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A different argument for the retention of the offence of blasphemy (and for its extension to the protection of all religions in the UK ) has been offered by Parekh: a majority religion does not need the protection offered by an offence of blasphemy, but minority religions do because of their
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In some states, blasphemy laws are used to impose the religious beliefs of a majority, while in other countries, they are justified as putatively offering protection of the religious beliefs of minorities. Where blasphemy is banned, it can be either some laws which directly punish religious
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Between 1239 and 1775, the Roman Catholic Church at various times either forced the censoring of parts of the Talmud that it considered theologically problematic or the destruction of copies of the Talmud. During the inquisition, sects deemed heretical such as the
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Denmark's own blasphemy law makes it an offence to "mock legal religions and faiths in Denmark", and according to a study carried out on behalf of the liberal think-tank CEPOS, 66 per cent of the 1,000 Danes questioned answered that the law should not be
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Alogi, says they have committed the unforgivable sin. Because they reject the Gospel of John, which was inspired by the holy spirit, their teaching is therefore contrary to what the spirit has said and liable to the penalty imposed by Jesus' saying.
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says: "Therefore, to swear vainly or rashly by the glorious and awesome name of God…is sinful, and to be regarded with disgust and detestation. …For by rash, false, and vain oaths, the Lord is provoked and because of them this land
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Wiederhold, Lutz. "Blasphemy against the Prophet Muhammad and his companions (sabb al-rasul, sabb al-sahabah): The introduction of the topic into shafi'i legal literature and its relevance for legal practice under Mamluk rule".
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Blasphemy against the Almighty is denying his being or providence, or uttering conteumelious reproaches on our Savior Christ. It is punished, at common law by fine and imprisonment, for Christianity is part of the laws of the
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became a rallying cry for secular, free speech advocates. The attacks took place in France where the culture of militant secularism celebrates blasphemy but permits viewpoint based restrictions and prior restraint of speech.
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explains that "The sins forbidden in the third commandment are, the abuse of it in an ignorant, vain, irreverent, profane...mentioning...by blasphemy...to profane jests, ...vain janglings, ...to charms or sinful lusts and
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It is considered blasphemy to utter God's personal names...Interestingly, this prohibition has crept into the practice of writing God's name in English. Many Jews will choose to write "G-d" instead of "God" to avoid
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Laborde C. The Danish Cartoon Controversy and the Challenges of Multicultural Politics: A Discussion of The Cartoons That Shook the World. Perspectives on Politics. 2011;9(3):603-605. doi:10.1017/S1537592711002817
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defended the Talmud against Donin's accusations. A commission of Christian theologians condemned the Talmud to be burned and on 17 June 1244, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were
250:, while blasphemy was mostly seen as irreverent remarks made by persons who may have been drunk or diverged from good standards of conduct in what was treated as isolated incidents of misbehavior. When
322:
In the United States, blasphemy was recognized as proscribed speech well into the 20th century. The Constitution entailed a right to articulate views on religion, but not to commit blasphemy, with the
1078:(UNHRC), in July 2011, released a 52-paragraph statement which affirmed the freedom of speech and rejected the laws banning "display of lack of respect for a religion or other belief system'. UNHRC's
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and to involve the use of profane cursing or mockery of his powers". In the medieval world, those who committed blasphemy were seen as needing discipline. By the 17th century, several historically
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lays down the punishment for the deliberate and malicious acts, that are intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs. It is one of the
1362:(death penalty) in some Muslim nations. In these nations, such laws have led to the persecution, lynchings, murder or arrest of minorities and dissident members, after flimsy accusations.
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Report on the relationship between freedom of expression and freedom of religion: the issue of regulation and prosecution of blasphemy, religious insult and incitement to religious hatred
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justified blasphemy prosecutions by distinguishing "sober reasoning" from mockery and scoffing. Religious doctrine could be discussed "in a calm, decent and serious way" (in the words of
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788:(UNHRC) released a 52-paragraph statement which affirmed the freedom of speech and rejected the laws banning "display of lack of respect for a religion or other belief system'.
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blasphemy, or some laws that allow those who are offended by blasphemy to punish blasphemers. Those laws may condone penalties or retaliation for blasphemy under the labels of
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1074:) campaign at UN (United Nations) seeking impose of punishment for "defamation of religions" was withdrawn due to consistently dwindling support for their campaign, the
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In the early history of the Church, blasphemy "was considered to show active disrespect to God and to involve the use of profane cursing or mockery of his powers".
354:
1042:, after deliberating on the issue of blasphemy law passed the resolution that blasphemy should not be a criminal offence, which was adopted on 29 June 2007 in the
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784:(UN). The United Nations passed several resolutions which called upon the world to take action against the "defamation of religions". However, in July 2011, the
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devotions are done with the intention in the heart of making reparation to the Blessed Mother for blasphemies against her, her name and her holy initiatives.
340:. In the 18th and 19th centuries, this meant that promoting atheism could be a crime and was vigorously prosecuted. The last successfully prosecuted case was
510:
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Carston, R. (2000). "Explicature and semantics." UCL Working Papers in Linguistics 12: 1–44. Revised version to appear in Davis & Gillon (forthcoming).
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over his sex scandal with Bathsheba the wife of Uriah the Hittite, saying "by this deed you have given occasion to the enemies of the LORD to blaspheme" (
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made blasphemy – defined as "a cursing of God by atheism, or the like" – punishable by death. The last person hanged for blasphemy in Great Britain was
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A More4 news film report on how insulting the prophet Mohammed in Pakistan is a capital offence, and defiling the Koran carries life imprisonment
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1164:, then part of Germany, after it joined France) to allow freedom of religion and freedom of the press. Blasphemy was abolished or repealed in
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prescribe different punishment for blasphemy, depending on whether the blasphemer is Muslim or non-Muslim, a man or a woman. In the modern
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Seidman, Naomi, Faithful renderings: Jewish-Christian difference and the politics of translation, University of Chicago Press, 2006 p. 137
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1945:
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Sperber, D. & D. Wilson (1998) "The mapping between the mental and the public lexicon". In Carruthers & Boucher (1998: 184–200).
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answers question 100 about blasphemy by stating that "no sin is greater or provokes God's wrath more than the blaspheming of His Name".
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Quote: impious utterance or action concerning God or sacred things.; the crime of assuming to oneself the rights or qualities of God.
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as blasphemy. While blasphemy is legal in France, this event has been criticized for singling out one particular religion and being
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to non-Jewish languages stripped Jewish discourse from its covering, something that was resented by Jews as a profound violation.
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3054:"PACE - Recommendation 1805 (2007) - Blasphemy, religious insults and hate speech against persons on grounds of their religion"
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As of 2012, 33 countries had some form of anti-blasphemy laws in their legal code. Of these, 21 were Muslim-majority nations –
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3301:"Anti-Discrimination Act 1991 – Sect 124A: Vilification on grounds of race, religion, sexuality or gender identity unlawful"
963:), there was no room for such tolerance and respect for dissent where heretics and blasphemers had to pay with their lives.
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910:) is prohibited, except in cases where it is sanctioned by a Jewish governing authority "so that they will not blaspheme".
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1044:"Recommendation 1805 (2007) on blasphemy, religious insults and hate speech against persons on grounds of their religion"
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for committing blasphemy. Such punishments are justified with orthodox Sikhs saying, “instant justice” is deserving for
133:. As of 2019, 40 percent of the world's countries still had blasphemy laws on the books, including 18 countries in the
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1467:(in a deliberately exaggerated manner). This usage has garnered some interest among linguists recently, and the word
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in 1697. He was prosecuted for denying the veracity of the Old Testament and the legitimacy of Christ's miracles.
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protestors the sentiment of the protest was simply: it is not ok to kill someone because they have offended you.
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101:. Blasphemy was proscribed speech in the U.S. until well into the 20th century. Blasphemy laws were abolished in
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1864:
1262:, expression of opposition, or "vilification," of religion or of some religious practices, religious insult, or
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Carroll, James, Constantine's sword: the church and the Jews : a history, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2002
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1442:(freedom of speech) grounds, saying that criminalisation of blasphemy could be supported within a state's
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in view of Articles 10 (freedom of expression) and 9 (freedom of thought, conscience and religion) of the
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602:, also known as the Trial of the Talmud, took place in 1240 at the court of the reigning king of France,
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1446:. This decision was widely criticised by human rights organisations and commentators both in Europe and
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The campaign for worldwide criminal penalties for the "defamation of religions" had been spearheaded by
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N Swazo (2014). "The Case of Hamza Kashgari: Examining Apostasy, Heresy, and Blasphemy Under Sharia".
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murder is the graver sin, for murder does more harm to one's neighbor, than blasphemy does to God".
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3605:(1997) "Enrichment and loosening: complementary processes in deriving the proposition expressed?"
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repealed its blasphemy laws in 2021. Many other countries have abolished blasphemy laws including
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3026:"'He was running with a Sikh holy book': The 'crime' for which Sikh man was lynched & hacked"
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1. profane or contemptuous speech, writing, or action concerning God or anything held as divine.
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The Right to Religious Freedom in International Law: Between Group Rights and Individual Rights
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Act of Reparation for Blasphemies Uttered Against the Holy Name, Righting Wrongs Through Prayer
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1949:
888:. Leviticus 24:16 states that "anyone who blasphemes the name of Yahweh will be put to death".
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has specific "Pontifical organizations" for the purpose of the reparation of blasphemy through
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Leviticus 24:16 states that "anyone who blasphemes the name of Yahweh will be put to death".
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2516:"Drag performance resembling Last Supper at Olympic opening ceremony rankles conservatives"
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Letter for 50th anniversary of the Benedictine Sisters of Reparation of the Holy Face, 2000
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In the early history of the Church, blasphemy "was considered to show active disrespect to
3525:"IHEU 'frustrated', as European Court fails to overturn 'blasphemy' conviction in Austria"
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P Smith (2003). "Speak No Evil: Apostasy, Blasphemy and Heresy in Malaysian Syariah Law".
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728:. However, it has been argued that the death penalty applies only to cases where there is
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1106:, observed annually on September 30, encourages individuals and groups to openly express
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2008:
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blasphemy, drawing a line between punishable blasphemy and protected religious speech."
2974:"What is 'beadbi' or sacrilege in Sikhism, which sees Guru Granth Sahib as living Guru"
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Assembling Early Christianity: Trade, Networks, and the Letters of Dionysios of Corinth
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in 2015, France for its Alsace-Moselle region in 2016, Malta in 2016, Denmark in 2017,
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Events worldwide on the first annual Blasphemy Day in 2009 included an art exhibit in
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admonishes blasphemy, but does not specify any worldly punishment for blasphemy. The
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found it intolerable "when a person is accused of blasphemy, to lay the blame on the
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A Mediator in Matthew: An Analysis of the Son of Man's Function in the First Gospel
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587:(1413–14), and during those disputations, Jewish converts to Christianity, such as
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Merriam Webster (July 2013); 1. great disrespect shown to God or to something holy
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against all religions in India. This law originated due to Hindu-Muslim conflict
394:, forbids blasphemy, which Christians regard as "an affront to God's holiness".
274:) but mockery and scoffing, they said, were appeals to sentiment, not to reason.
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Faithful Renderings: Jewish-Christian Difference and the Politics of Translation
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Faithful Renderings: Jewish-Christian Difference and the Politics of Translation
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was executed in Baghdad amid political intrigue and charges of blasphemy in 922.
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346:(1976) where the court repeated what had by then become a textbook standard for
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3551:"European Court of Human Rights rules that Austria can keep its blasphemy law"
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748:, and some countries prescribe punishments consisting of fines, imprisonment,
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Laws Penalizing Blasphemy, Apostasy and Defamation of Religion are Widespread
521:". This devotion (started by Sister Marie and then promoted by the Venerable
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Cohn-Sherbok, Dan, Judaism and other faiths, Palgrave Macmillan, 1994, p. 48
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Blasphemy Divide: Insults to Religion Remain a Capital Crime in Muslim Lands
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review of laws relating to blasphemy and sacrilege in various jurisdictions
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Blasphemy against the Prophet, in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture
884:
the only form of blasphemy which is punishable by death is blaspheming the
595:(in Barcelona) claimed the Talmud contained insulting references to Jesus.
496:
of passion, as if God were to endure the penalty whenever we are provoked".
2658:(Archived copy). Herndon, VA: International Institute of Islamic Thought.
1932:
Blasphemy: Verbal Offense Against the Sacred, from Moses to Salman Rushdie
1046:. This Recommendation set a number of guidelines for member states of the
1717:"Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Bill Information Note: Blasphemy"
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The history of the Talmud, from the time of its formation, about 200 B.C
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A call upon states to work toward abolishing the juvenile death penalty
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Annual Report of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom
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in June 2008 which they said was revenge for the "insulting drawings".
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Recanati, F. (1995) "The alleged priority of literal interpretation".
895:, which Judaism sees as applicable to all people, prohibit blasphemy.
353:
The common law offense of blasphemy was abolished in Scotland via the
59:. Some religions regard blasphemy as a crime, including insulting the
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1798:"Prelude to Censorship: The Toleration of Blasphemy in Ancient India"
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in 2008, Norway with Acts in 2009 and 2015, the Netherlands in 2014,
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3349:"European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission),
1549:. Barcelona: Blanquerna Observatory on Media, Religion and Culture.
1086:(ICCPR) 1976, concerning freedoms of opinion and expression states:
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In the Catholic Church, there are specific prayers and devotions as
1365:
The other twelve nations with anti-blasphemy laws in 2012 included
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calls blasphemy "the greatest sin that can be outwardly committed".
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Judaism on Trial: Jewish-Christian Disputations in the Middle Ages
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claimed responsibility for a car bombing at the Danish embassy in
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48:
3625:
Wilson, D. & D. Sperber (2002) "Truthfulness and relevance".
736:
community, especially during times of war. Different traditional
3719:
1463:
In contemporary language, the notion of blasphemy is often used
1323:
1295:
205:, from βλασ, "injure" and φήμη, "utterance, talk, speech". From
173:
153:
have no concept of blasphemy and hence prescribe no punishment.
3760:
1599:
2. irreverence toward something considered sacred or inviolable
1032:
The Council of Europe's rejection of ABL and affirmation of FOS
724:, suggest various punishments for blasphemy, which may include
210:
182:
43:
refers to an insult that shows contempt, disrespect or lack of
3395:
Bad-mouthing: Pakistan's blasphemy laws legitimise intolerance
2894:
1737:
countries and territories worldwide had blasphemy laws in 2019
1615:
2. any remark or action held to be irreverent or disrespectful
1351:
1128:
90:
2910:"Hate speech, IPC Sec 295A, and how courts have read the law"
2607:. Burlington VT: Ashgate Publishing Company. pp. 38–39.
2142:
The whole duty of man, laid down in a plain and familiar way
639:
in the streets of Paris. The translation of the Talmud from
3620:
Understanding Figurative Language: From Metaphors to Idioms
2543:
Psychology of Early Sufi Sama: Listening and Altered States
1675:"Blasphemy and the Original Meaning of the First Amendment"
622:
by quoting a series of alleged blasphemous passages about
262:, blasphemy started to be regarded as similar to heresy.
3000:"Hindu man beaten to death at Golden Temple in Amritsar"
1934:. University of North Carolina Press Books. p. 242.
1526:
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain
388:
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain
3084:"Penn Jillette Celebrates Blasphemy Day in "Penn Says""
2652:
Apostasy in Islam: a Historical and Scriptural Analysis
1057:
1031:
3231:"Danes overwhelmingly support their own blasphemy law"
3225:
3223:
991:. In December, 2021, a man was beaten to death at the
552:
Benedictine Sisters of the Reparation of the Holy Face
242:
received more attention than blasphemy throughout the
26:"Blasphemous" redirects here. For the video game, see
3323:"Victoria Police – Racial and religious vilification"
3173:"Denmark still largely in support of 'blasphemy' law"
2936:"Three jailed for insult to Buddha – DW – 03/17/2015"
1545:
Miriam Díez Bosch and Jordi Sànchez Torrents (2015).
2484:
Maleficium: Witchcraft and Witch Hunting in the West
1611:, in Webster's New World College Dictionary, 4th Ed,
1084:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
3461:
May 2009 (Pakistan, etc.). Retrieved 5 October 2011
2814:
After Charlie Hebdo: Terror, Racism and Free Speech
1784:
Why Hinduism never developed a concept of blasphemy
1184:in 2018, New Zealand in 2019, and Ireland in 2020.
975:
Blasphemy is taken harshly by Sikhs. It is called “
246:because it was considered a more serious threat to
2404:
813:"Everyone had to accept being subject to satire."
2972:Sethi, Chitleen K.; ThePrint (19 December 2021).
2596:
2594:
2592:
2367:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 136–138.
2009:"Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Act 2024"
1471:is a common case used for illustrative purposes.
1249:, blasphemy is outlawed under the criminal code.
3648:: The International Journal of Verbal Aggression
1972:Church-State Issues in America Today (3 volumes)
1156:Other countries have removed bans on blasphemy.
1118:. A student contacted the Center for Inquiry in
3353:, 17–18 October 2008, Doc. No. CDL-AD(2008)026"
2702:The Review of Faith & International Affairs
2631:(ed: Coeli Fitzpatrick PhD, Adam Hani Walker).
2278:Dorothy Scallan. The Holy Man of Tours. (1990)
1088:
1040:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
960:
355:Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Act 2021
3667:Dartevelle, P., Denis, Ph., Robyn, J. (eds.).
2447:Jonathon Green; Nicholas J. Karolides (2009).
943:have no concept of blasphemy. In contrast, in
501:Catholic prayers and reparations for blasphemy
3968:Defamation of religion and the United Nations
3772:
3471:Indonesia – Amnesty International Report 2009
3276:"Libel and blasphemy bill passed by the Dail"
2719:Juan Eduardo Campo, ed. (2009). "Blasphemy".
2084:
2082:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1629:. United States: Facts on File. p. 180.
1486:Defamation of religion and the United Nations
1434:declined to strike down the blasphemy law in
1066:Defamation of religion and the United Nations
266:least the 18th century on, the clergy of the
8:
1150:Removal of blasphemy laws by several nations
1058:UN's rejection of ABL and affirmation of FOS
1016:Multilateral global institutes, such as the
712:or anything considered sacred in Islam. The
511:The Golden Arrow Holy Face Devotion (Prayer)
3467:U.N. January 1999. Retrieved 5 October 2011
1648:. Cambridge University Press. p. 114.
258:became more contentious matters during the
191:
79:in Christianity. It was also a crime under
3779:
3765:
3757:
3436:"Muslim scholar says Scrap blasphemy laws"
3215:vulnerability in the face of the majority.
3167:
3165:
3141:
3139:
2793:
2791:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2739:Nina Shea, National Review (31 March 2011)
2732:
2730:
1917:Religion, Identity and Conflict in Britain
1910:
1908:
1696:
1694:
1692:
880:the punishment for blasphemy is death. In
704:is impious utterance or action concerning
3570:"A Flawed European Ruling on Free Speech"
3146:Denmark scraps 334-year-old blasphemy law
2118:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 77.
1843:"Online Etymology Dictionary – Blasphemy"
1749:
1747:
1745:
906:, violence against non-Jews (also called
338:Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
336:were repealed in England & Wales the
332:The common law offences of blasphemy and
254:and the fundamental understanding of the
3529:International Humanist and Ethical Union
3504:International Humanist and Ethical Union
3429:International Humanist and Ethical Union
3426:United Nations will violate Human Rights
1821:"Blasphemy and the Prisoner of Buddhism"
1705:. Oxford University Press. pp. 3–5.
1625:Karesh, Sara; Hurvitz, Mitchell (2006).
1020:and UN, have rejected the imposition of
764:Failed OIC anti-blasphemy campaign at UN
3086:. Center for Inquiry. 29 September 2009
3048:
3046:
2695:UC Davis Journal Int'l Law & Policy
2604:Freedom of Religion, Apostasy and Islam
2601:Saeed, Abdullah; Saeed, Hassan (2004).
2037:. Oxford University Press. p. 50.
1537:
1160:did so in 1881 (this did not extend to
807:decided to publish cartoons of Muhammad
659:Some Christians described parts of the
533:includes a number of such prayers. The
519:in a spirit of reparation for blasphemy
3107:"Taking aim at God on 'Blasphemy Day'"
2737:An Anti-Blasphemy Measure Laid to Rest
1764:
1762:
1010:Affirmation of Freedom of Speech (FOS)
999:which is the “ultimate act of crime”.
141:, or 90% of countries in that region.
2967:
2965:
2757:Vote on 16 December 2005 (A/60/PV.64)
1996:The Victorian Church: Vol 1 1829–1859
1901:. Oxford University Press. p. 4.
732:involved that may seriously harm the
661:2024 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
655:2024 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
618:and pressed 35 charges against it to
606:(St. Louis). It followed the work of
7:
3730:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3355:. Merlin.obs.coe.int. Archived from
3124:Larmondin, Leanne (2 October 2009).
2872:Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls
2453:. Infobase Publishing. p. 110.
2091:Text and Trauma: An East-West Primer
2035:Blasphemy: A Very Short Introduction
1869:Revelation.13:1, 6; Rev.16:9, 11, 21
1003:Backlash against anti-blasphemy laws
3325:. Police.vic.gov.au. Archived from
3198:Scolnicov, Anat (18 October 2010).
2487:. Amberley Publishing. p. 60.
2294:Joseph P. Christopher et al., 2003
2114:Saunders, Craig D. (1 March 2021).
2065:. Cook Communications. p. 52.
2033:Sherwood, Yvonne (26 August 2021).
1873:1Kings.21:10; Acts.13:45; Acts.18:6
1080:"General Comment 34 - Paragraph 48"
1072:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
1052:European Convention on Human Rights
856:List of capital crimes in the Torah
778:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
744:, the laws pertaining to blasphemy
292:Commentaries on the Laws of England
3622:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3126:"Did you celebrate Blasphemy Day?"
3024:Taskin, Bismee (15 October 2021).
2998:Mehmood, Asif (18 December 2021).
651:were also charged with blasphemy.
546:Acts of Reparation to Jesus Christ
14:
3568:Cottee, Simon (31 October 2018).
2874:. Oxford University Press. 2000.
2800:The Cartoons That Shook the World
2411:. Associated University Presses.
2392:. Talmud Society. pp. 66–75.
1863:(from Easton's Bible Dictionary)
71:in Judaism, and blasphemy of the
3724:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
3679:. London: Black Dog Publishing.
3442:. 11 August 2009. Archived from
3397:The Economist (29 November 2014)
3105:Basu, Moni (30 September 2009).
2816:. Zed Books. 2017. p. 53-9.
2388:Rodkinson, Michael Levi (1918).
1974:. Bloomsbury. 2007. p. 18.
1899:Blasphemy in the Christian World
1739:, Pew Research (25 January 2022)
1703:Blasphemy in the Christian World
1114:. It was founded in 2009 by the
979:” by Sikhs. In October, 2021, a
772:Blasphemy and the United Nations
411:is spoken of as unforgivable—an
2195:The Baptist Confession of Faith
1930:Williams Levy, Leonard (1995).
1756:Pew Research (21 November 2012)
967:prison for insulting Buddhism.
550:Pontifical Congregation of the
2868:"Gentiles –. Oxford Reference"
2269:By Scott P. Richert, About.com
1786:, Rediff.com, 4 February 2015.
1432:European Court of Human Rights
720:, which are another source of
215:, from which the English word
1:
3700:The Rational Response Squad:
2063:The Joy of Faithful Obedience
1819:Wickrematunge, Raisa (2019).
509:for blasphemy. For instance,
348:blasphemy law cases in the UK
99:legislation against blasphemy
3718:John Webster Melody (1913).
2649:Taha Jabir Alalwani (2012).
2233:Westminster Larger Catechism
2089:Netton, Ian Richard (1996).
1644:Concannon, Cavan W. (2017).
1397:(abolished in 2020), Italy,
1358:. Blasphemy is treated as a
1218: Fines and restrictions
1024:(ABL) and have affirmed the
482:Westminster Larger Catechism
226:; Acts 13:45; 18:6, etc.)."
16:Act of insulting of religion
3677:Blasphemy: Art that Offends
2139:Allestree, Richard (1658).
1948:. 5.uua.org. Archived from
1506:International Blasphemy Day
1454:Hyperbolic use of the term
1270:Nations with blasphemy laws
1206: Historic restrictions
1188:Nations with blasphemy laws
1096:International Blasphemy Day
898:In one of the texts of the
513:first introduced by Sister
463:Baptist Confession of Faith
4015:
3483:. Retrieved 5 October 2011
3431:. Retrieved 5 October 2011
3422:. Retrieved 5 October 2011
3202:. Routledge. p. 261.
2848:. JewishVirtualLibrary.org
2581:Journal of semitic studies
2450:Encyclopedia of Censorship
1191:
1063:
853:
802:When the Danish newspaper
795:
769:
686:
432:, sometimes attributed to
55:, or something considered
35:Blasphemy (disambiguation)
25:
18:
3958:
3795:
3274:Kerr, ine (9 July 2009).
3175:. IceNews. 2 October 2012
3071:General Comment 34, p. 12
2846:"The Seven Noachide Laws"
2377:– via Google Books.
1573:. Random House Dictionary
1401:(abolished in 2016), the
1375:Christian majority states
1253:Purpose of blasphemy laws
1076:UN Human Rights Committee
926:Hate speech laws in India
786:UN Human Rights Committee
694:Punishment and definition
3675:Plate, S. Brent (2006).
3476:21 November 2009 at the
3415:19 November 2009 at the
3148:2 June 2017 the Guardian
2802:. Yale University Press.
2545:. Routledge. p. 3.
2214:The Heidelberg Catechism
2093:. Routledge. p. 2.
1915:Knight, Frances (2016).
1413:(abolished in 2015) and
1212: Local restrictions
738:schools of jurisprudence
581:Disputation of Barcelona
309:Massachusetts Bay Colony
19:Not to be confused with
3702:The Blasphemy Challenge
3496:"Spain country profile"
2898:(subscription required)
2798:Klausen, Jytte (2009).
2541:Avery, Kenneth (2004).
2361:Seidman, Naomi (2010).
2265:18 January 2008 at the
1800:. University of Chicago
1796:Doniger, Wendy (2015).
1772:The Wall Street Journal
1627:Encyclopedia of Judaism
842:views. For many of the
567:a series of debates on
525:) was approved by Pope
211:
183:
174:
67:in Islam, speaking the
51:, an object considered
3749:Encyclopedia Americana
3669:Blasphèmes et libertés
3618:Glucksberg, S. (2001)
3607:Linguistische Berichte
3440:Herald Malaysia Online
2956:"Insulting the Buddha"
2893: – via
2832:JewishEncyclopedia.com
2723:. Infobase Publishing.
2403:Maccoby, Hyam (1982).
2298:, St Athanasius Press
1444:margin of appreciation
1238:
1224: Prison sentences
1093:
873:
798:Depictions of Muhammad
792:Depictions of Muhammad
684:
630:or Christianity. Four
610:, a Jewish convert to
585:Disputation of Tortosa
364:
301:
192:
33:. For other uses, see
3999:Freedom of expression
3994:Religious terminology
3727:Catholic Encyclopedia
3481:Amnesty International
3280:The Irish Independent
3158:Blasphemy law#Ireland
2721:Encyclopedia of Islam
2178:15 March 2009 at the
1405:(abolished in 2014),
1393:(abolished in 2019),
1381:(abolished in 2017),
1230: Death sentences
1201:
1162:Alsace-Moselle region
1108:criticism of religion
1022:"anti-blasphemy laws"
928:. This law prohibits
863:
796:Further information:
678:
614:, who translated the
429:The Whole Duty of Man
386:condemns blasphemy. "
362:doctrines themselves.
359:
296:
222:abuse (1 Kings 21:10
209:also came Old French
3935:United Arab Emirates
3671:. Paris: CERF, 1993.
3664:. Chapel Hill, 1993.
3410:World of Intolerance
3329:on 27 September 2011
2707:(4). pp. 16–26.
2219:13 June 2009 at the
2200:7 April 2010 at the
2183:The Large Catechism,
1897:Nash, David (2007).
1883:cf. Thomas Aquinas'
1701:Nash, David (2007).
1681:. 10 December 2021.
947:, the birthplace of
918:Section 295A of the
828:Charlie Hebdo attack
600:Disputation of Paris
577:Disputation of Paris
559:Disputation of Paris
535:Five First Saturdays
517:in 1844 is recited "
473:Heidelberg Catechism
3735:Jewish Encyclopedia
3406:Sources of claims:
3239:. 21 September 2012
3236:The Copenhagen Post
3004:The Express Tribune
2697:. 10, pp. 357–373.
2675:on 19 February 2015
2569:" at dictionary.com
2481:Napier, G. (2017).
2250:vol. 4. Lev. 24:10.
2172:The Book of Concord
949:Abrahamic religions
821:Islamabad, Pakistan
689:Islam and blasphemy
571:were staged by the
343:Whitehouse v. Lemon
286:crime according to
3557:. 29 October 2018.
3500:End Blasphemy Laws
2914:The Indian Express
2775:General Comment 34
2748:U.N. Resolutions:
2320:2 May 2008 at the
2247:Harmony of the Law
1998:(1966) pp 487–489.
1946:"Thomas Aikenhead"
1679:Harvard Law Review
1239:
1116:Center for Inquiry
893:Seven Laws of Noah
874:
685:
507:Acts of Reparation
407:, blaspheming the
384:Christian theology
325:Harvard Law Review
288:William Blackstone
3976:
3975:
3743:"Blasphemy"
3721:"Blasphemy"
3597:Cognitive Science
3531:. 26 October 2018
3359:on 2 October 2011
3209:978-1-136-90705-0
2958:. 13 August 2020.
2881:978-0-19-508450-4
2665:978-1-56564-585-1
2637:978-1-61069-177-2
2614:978-0-7546-3083-8
2586:.1 (1997): 39–70.
2552:978-0-415-31106-9
2494:978-1-4456-6511-5
2460:978-1-4381-1001-1
2418:978-0-8386-3053-2
2374:978-0-226-74507-7
2304:978-0-9706526-6-9
2125:978-1-5326-9704-3
2100:978-0-7007-0325-8
2072:978-0-7814-4252-7
2044:978-0-19-251819-4
1952:on 1 October 2011
1556:978-84-941193-3-0
1516:Religious offense
1511:Quran desecration
1496:Freedom of speech
1260:blasphemous libel
1048:Council of Europe
1026:freedom of speech
1018:Council of Europe
983:killed a man for
921:Indian Penal Code
904:Damascus Document
864:Nathan confronts
515:Marie of St Peter
434:Richard Allestree
334:blasphemous libel
268:Church of England
103:England and Wales
4006:
3781:
3774:
3767:
3758:
3753:
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3310:
3308:
3303:. Austlii.edu.au
3297:
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3058:assembly.coe.int
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3041:
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2734:
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2716:
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2691:
2685:
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2680:
2674:
2668:. Archived from
2657:
2646:
2640:
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2619:
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2598:
2587:
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2343:
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2331:
2325:
2324:Vatican archives
2312:
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2270:
2257:
2251:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2211:
2205:
2192:
2186:
2168:
2162:
2158:Summa Theologica
2155:Thomas Aquinas:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2086:
2077:
2076:
2055:
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2024:
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2021:
2019:
2005:
1999:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1912:
1903:
1902:
1894:
1888:
1885:Summa Theologiae
1881:
1875:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1845:. Etymonline.com
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1774:(8 January 2015)
1766:
1757:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1698:
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1600:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1542:
1491:Flag Desecration
1424:In the judgment
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1136:Washington, D.C.
900:Dead Sea Scrolls
886:name of the Lord
681:Mansur Al-Hallaj
593:Pablo Christiani
575:, including the
392:Ten Commandments
313:Thomas Aikenhead
214:
197:
186:
177:
143:Indian religions
105:in 2008, and in
4014:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3954:
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3697:
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3641:
3639:Further reading
3636:
3635:
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3567:
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3549:
3548:
3544:
3534:
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3523:
3522:
3518:
3508:
3506:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3478:Wayback Machine
3449:
3447:
3446:on 5 March 2012
3434:
3420:Religious Watch
3417:Wayback Machine
3405:
3401:
3393:
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2432:Naomi Seidman,
2430:
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2322:Wayback Machine
2313:
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2267:Wayback Machine
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2221:Wayback Machine
2212:
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2057:
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2052:
2045:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1994:Owen Chadwick,
1993:
1989:
1982:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1955:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1929:
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1574:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1477:
1459:
1427:E.S. v. Austria
1272:
1255:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1207:
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1196:
1190:
1152:
1098:
1068:
1060:
1034:
1012:
1005:
973:
938:
916:
878:Leviticus 24:16
858:
852:
844:Je Suis Charlie
833:Je Suis Charlie
805:Jyllands-Posten
800:
794:
774:
766:
746:vary by country
696:
691:
673:
657:
620:Pope Gregory IX
591:(in Paris) and
573:Catholic Church
561:
503:
454:Book of Concord
421:
381:
374:
369:
280:
237:
232:
159:
107:Ireland in 2020
38:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4012:
4010:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3981:
3980:
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3940:United Kingdom
3937:
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3695:External links
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2916:. 16 June 2022
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1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1481:Blasphemy laws
1476:
1473:
1465:hyperbolically
1458:
1452:
1356:Western Sahara
1271:
1268:
1254:
1251:
1247:state religion
1243:some countries
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1192:Main article:
1189:
1186:
1151:
1148:
1112:blasphemy laws
1102:International
1097:
1094:
1064:Main article:
1059:
1056:
1033:
1030:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
989:Sarbloh Granth
972:
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934:
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851:
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793:
790:
782:United Nations
770:Main article:
765:
762:
695:
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687:Main article:
672:
669:
656:
653:
608:Nicholas Donin
589:Nicholas Donin
560:
557:
502:
499:
498:
497:
487:
477:
468:
458:
449:
445:Thomas Aquinas
420:
419:Church history
417:
390:", one of the
380:
379:Biblical texts
377:
373:
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368:
365:
279:
276:
236:
233:
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228:
171:Middle English
158:
155:
97:countries had
15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
4011:
4000:
3997:
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3945:United States
3943:
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3913:
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3828:
3826:
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3813:
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3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3789:
3788:Blasphemy law
3782:
3777:
3775:
3770:
3768:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3751:
3750:
3744:
3739:
3736:
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3722:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3703:
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3686:1-904772-53-6
3682:
3678:
3673:
3670:
3666:
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3659:
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3649:
3647:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3629:111: 583–632.
3628:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3599:19: 207–232.
3598:
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3577:
3576:
3571:
3564:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3530:
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3457:
3445:
3441:
3437:
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3414:
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3400:
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3379:Blasphemy law
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3358:
3354:
3352:
3344:
3341:
3328:
3324:
3318:
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3302:
3296:
3293:
3281:
3277:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3263:Blasphemy law
3258:
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3232:
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2715:
2712:
2706:
2703:
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2698:
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2661:
2654:
2653:
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2642:
2638:
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2597:
2595:
2593:
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2554:
2548:
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2517:
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2508:
2496:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2477:
2474:
2462:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2436:, pp. 136–138
2435:
2428:
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2284:0-89555-390-2
2281:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2244:Jean Calvin:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2207:
2204:Ch. 23, §2–3.
2203:
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2177:
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2164:
2160:
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2127:
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2117:
2110:
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2083:
2079:
2074:
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2060:
2054:
2051:
2046:
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2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1983:
1981:9781573567541
1977:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1951:
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1941:
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1923:
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1911:
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1886:
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1877:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1860:
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1844:
1838:
1835:
1823:. Groundviews
1822:
1815:
1812:
1799:
1792:
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1479:
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1474:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
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1449:
1448:North America
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:, as well as
1372:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1360:capital crime
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
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1277:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1200:
1195:
1194:Blasphemy law
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:Blasphemy Day
1100:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:After OIC's (
1067:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
993:Golden Temple
990:
986:
982:
978:
970:
968:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
935:
933:
931:
927:
923:
922:
913:
911:
909:
905:
902:, called the
901:
896:
894:
889:
887:
883:
879:
871:
867:
862:
857:
849:
847:
845:
840:
839:Emmanuel Todd
835:
834:
829:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
808:
806:
799:
791:
789:
787:
783:
779:
773:
768:
763:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
700:Blasphemy in
698:
693:
690:
682:
679:Sufi teacher
677:
670:
668:
666:
662:
654:
652:
650:
644:
642:
638:
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625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
596:
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590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
558:
556:
555:
553:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
529:in 1885. The
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
500:
495:
491:
488:
484:
483:
478:
475:
474:
469:
465:
464:
459:
456:
455:
450:
446:
443:
442:
441:
439:
435:
431:
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414:
410:
406:
403:
398:
395:
393:
389:
385:
378:
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371:
366:
363:
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356:
351:
349:
345:
344:
339:
335:
330:
327:
326:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
303:In 1636, the
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
277:
275:
273:
272:Bishop Gibson
269:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
234:
229:
227:
225:
220:
219:
213:
208:
204:
201:
196:
195:
190:
185:
181:
176:
172:
168:
167:
161:
156:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
87:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:concerning a
46:
42:
36:
32:
30:
22:
3962:
3920:South Africa
3915:Saudi Arabia
3747:
3725:
3676:
3668:
3661:
3644:
3626:
3619:
3606:
3596:
3591:
3579:. Retrieved
3575:The Atlantic
3573:
3563:
3555:Humanists UK
3554:
3545:
3533:. Retrieved
3519:
3507:. Retrieved
3499:
3490:
3480:
3448:. Retrieved
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2677:. Retrieved
2670:the original
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1142:festival in
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372:Christianity
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315:aged 20, in
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3905:Philippines
3880:New Zealand
3875:Netherlands
3800:Afghanistan
3737:– Blasphemy
3609:8: 103–127.
3603:Carston, R.
3581:15 November
3535:15 November
3509:20 November
3383:Hate speech
3363:10 November
3333:10 November
3307:10 November
3285:17 November
2828:"Blasphemy"
2466:13 February
2161:2:2, q. 13.
2059:Bill Bright
1956:10 November
1865:Romans 2:24
1849:10 November
1609:Blasphemies
1571:"Blasphemy"
1403:Netherlands
1276:Afghanistan
1264:hate speech
1144:Los Angeles
1140:free speech
870:2 Samuel 12
649:Waldensians
637:set on fire
565:Middle Ages
563:During the
548:, e.g. the
486:practices".
413:eternal sin
409:Holy Spirit
367:By religion
307:controlled
260:Reformation
244:Middle Ages
235:Middle Ages
207:blasphemare
194:blasphemare
135:Middle East
131:New Zealand
119:Netherlands
77:eternal sin
73:Holy Spirit
69:sacred name
29:Blasphemous
3983:Categories
3815:Bangladesh
3790:by country
2852:8 November
1632:blasphemy.
1577:12 January
1532:References
1501:Hate crime
1440:Article 10
1236: None
882:Jewish law
854:See also:
826:After the
523:Leo Dupont
494:ebullition
284:common law
278:Common law
252:iconoclasm
189:Late Latin
180:Old French
145:, such as
84:common law
57:inviolable
3989:Blasphemy
3963:Blasphemy
3900:Palestine
3840:Indonesia
3810:Australia
3662:Blasphemy
3660:Levy, L.
3655:0363-3659
3646:Maledicta
3450:5 October
3250:repealed.
2567:Blasphemy
1595:Blasphemy
1521:Sacrilege
1469:blasphemy
1456:blasphemy
1371:Singapore
1292:Indonesia
1168:in 1970,
945:West Asia
930:blasphemy
758:beheading
438:John Fell
282:It was a
248:Orthodoxy
203:βλασφημέω
184:blasfemer
175:blasfemen
169:came via
166:blasphemy
163:The word
157:Etymology
95:Christian
45:reverence
41:Blasphemy
3895:Pakistan
3870:Malaysia
3474:Archived
3413:Archived
3030:ThePrint
2978:ThePrint
2520:NBC News
2318:Archived
2263:Archived
2217:Archived
2198:Archived
2176:Archived
2061:(2005).
1724:gov.scot
1475:See also
1328:Pakistan
1316:Maldives
1312:Malaysia
1138:, and a
1124:New York
951:(namely
941:Buddhism
936:Buddhism
914:Hinduism
908:Gentiles
830:in 2015
817:Al Qaeda
750:flogging
710:Muhammad
665:divisive
604:Louis IX
542:Holy See
527:Leo XIII
467:mourns".
317:Scotland
151:Buddhism
147:Hinduism
111:Scotland
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63:prophet
3885:Nigeria
3850:Ireland
3830:Germany
3825:Finland
3805:Algeria
3752:. 1920.
3111:CNN.com
2920:29 June
2526:28 July
2235:Q. 113.
2223:Q. 100.
2018:3 April
1652:Didache
1436:Austria
1407:Nigeria
1395:Ireland
1387:Germany
1383:Finland
1379:Denmark
1340:Somalia
1320:Morocco
1308:Lebanon
1284:Bahrain
1280:Algeria
1245:with a
1178:Iceland
1170:England
1120:Amherst
1082:on the
987:of the
971:Sikhism
957:Judaism
850:Judaism
754:hanging
730:treason
718:hadiths
569:Judaism
305:Puritan
230:History
212:blasmer
123:Iceland
115:Denmark
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734:Muslim
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490:Calvin
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256:sacred
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3820:Egypt
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2656:(PDF)
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1288:Egypt
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756:, or
726:death
714:Quran
702:Islam
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