612:
standards are poor – for example, if the person does not dispose of the feces hygienically – then it can contaminate the surroundings, such as nearby food and water. If another person then eats or drinks food or water that has been contaminated with feces containing the cyst, that person will also become infected with the amoebae. Amoebic dysentery is particularly common in parts of the world where human feces are used as fertilizer. After entering the person's body through the mouth, the cyst travels down into the stomach. The amoebae inside the cyst are protected from the stomach's digestive acid. From the stomach, the cyst travels to the intestines, where it breaks open and releases the amoebae, causing the infection. The amoebae can burrow into the walls of the intestines and cause small abscesses and ulcers to form. The cycle then begins again.
507:
912:
53:
1186:
1306:
553:, which are released to fight the infection. The result can be impaired nutrient absorption, excessive water and mineral loss through the stools due to breakdown of the control mechanisms in the intestinal tissue that normally remove water from the stools, and in severe cases, the entry of pathogenic organisms into the bloodstream.
756:
development of vaccines against these types of infection has been hampered by technical constraints, insufficient support for coordination, and a lack of market forces for research and development. Most vaccine development efforts are taking place in the public sector or as research programs within biotechnology companies.
828:
With correct treatment, most cases of amoebic and bacterial dysentery subside within 10 days, and most individuals achieve a full recovery within two to four weeks after beginning proper treatment. If the disease is left untreated, the prognosis varies with the immune status of the individual patient
560:
Bacterial infections that cause bloody diarrhea are typically classified as being either invasive or toxogenic. Invasive species cause damage directly by invading into the mucosa. The toxogenic species do not invade, but cause cellular damage by secreting toxins, resulting in bloody diarrhea. This is
422:
The most common form of dysentery is bacillary dysentery, which is typically a mild sickness, causing symptoms normally consisting of mild abdominal pains and frequent passage of loose stools or diarrhea. Symptoms normally present themselves after 1–3 days, and are usually no longer present after a
804:
are becoming resistant to common antibiotics, and effective medications are often in short supply in developing countries. If necessary, a doctor may have to reserve antibiotics for those at highest risk for death, including young children, people over 50, and anyone suffering from dehydration or
611:
When amoebae inside the bowel of an infected person are ready to leave the body, they group together and form a shell that surrounds and protects them. This group of amoebae is known as a cyst, which is then passed out of the person's body in the feces and can survive outside the body. If hygiene
755:
is a longstanding World Health
Organization (WHO) target for vaccine development, and sharp declines in age-specific diarrhea/dysentery attack rates for this pathogen indicate that natural immunity does develop following exposure; thus, vaccination to prevent this disease should be feasible. The
577:
Definitions of dysentery can vary by region and by medical specialty. The U. S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) limits its definition to "diarrhea with visible blood". Others define the term more broadly. These differences in definition must be taken into account when defining
772:
fluid replacement. In ideal situations, no antimicrobial therapy should be administered until microbiological microscopy and culture studies have established the specific infection involved. When laboratory services are not available, it may be necessary to administer a combination of drugs,
574:, which kill and damage intestinal tissue on contact. Shigella is thought to cause bleeding due to invasion rather than toxin, because even non-toxogenic strains can cause dysentery, but E. coli with shiga-like toxins do not invade the intestinal mucosa, and are therefore toxin dependent.
1292:
in the areas around the barracks square for nearly five days with little water and no sanitation after the
Selarang Barracks POWs refused to sign a pledge not to escape. The incident ended with the surrender of the Australian commanders due to the spreading of dysentery among their
532:
after entering orally, through ingestion of contaminated food or water, oral contact with contaminated objects or hands, and so on. Each specific pathogen has its own mechanism or pathogenesis, but in general, the result is damage to the intestinal linings, leading to the
578:
mechanisms. For example, using the CDC definition requires that intestinal tissue be so severely damaged that blood vessels have ruptured, allowing visible quantities of blood to be lost with defecation. Other definitions require less specific damage.
1103:, ruler of the Mughal Empire of South Asia, died of dysentery. On 3 October 1605, he fell ill with an attack of dysentery, from which he never recovered. He is believed to have died on or about 27 October 1605, after which his body was buried in
3018:
2991:
474:
are rare. In many cases there can be cascading cramps that affect the muscles surrounding the entire upper intestine; sometimes severe enough to cause the lining of the intestine to separate from the wall, leading to systemic infection.
841:
is estimated to have caused the death of 34,000 children under the age of five in 2013, and 40,000 deaths in people over five years of age. Amoebiasis infects over 50 million people each year, of whom 50,000 die (one per thousand).
409:
affects millions of people and results in more than 55,000 deaths a year. It commonly occurs in less developed areas of
Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Dysentery has been described at least since the time of
750:
infection, several are in development. Vaccination may eventually become a part of the strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of diarrhea, particularly among children in low-resource settings. For example,
604:, which is found mainly in tropical areas. Proper treatment of the underlying infection of amoebic dysentery is important; insufficiently treated amoebiasis can lie dormant for years and subsequently lead to
3375:
1043:, son of Edward III of England and heir to the English throne. Died of apparent dysentery in June, after a months-long period of illness during which he predicted his own imminent death, in his 46th year.
2742:
The Last
Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death: Continued by a Narrative of His Last Moments and Sufferings, Obtained from His Faithful Servants Chuma and Susi; in Two
1384:
401:
results in about 165 million cases of diarrhea and 1.1 million deaths a year with nearly all cases in the developing world. In areas with poor sanitation nearly half of cases of diarrhea are due to
5749:
1478:
857:
tree have been used in traditional medicines by indigenous peoples of the rainforest regions in the
Americas, west-central Africa, and Southeast Asia in the treatment of this disease.
2201:
561:
also in contrast to toxins that cause watery diarrhea, which usually do not cause cellular damage, but rather they take over cellular machinery for a portion of life of the cell.
3368:
4927:
792:
If shigellosis is suspected and it is not too severe, letting it run its course may be reasonable – usually less than a week. If the case is severe, antibiotics such as
665:
5431:
3361:
506:
911:
1153:
of South Asia, died of dysentery on 3 April 1680. In 1680, Shivaji fell ill with fever and dysentery, dying around 3–5 April 1680 at the age of 52 on the eve of
5026:
919:
soldier dies of dysentery after eating unwashed vegetables. This is a common way of contracting dysentery. From a health advisory pamphlet given to soldiers.
6215:
3080:
2163:
899:
was marketed throughout
America and Europe from 1946 as an immunostimulatory aid in the treatment of gut and urinary tract diseases such as rotavirus and
5065:
1489:
379:
measures while traveling in countries of high risk. While the condition generally resolves on its own within a week, drinking sufficient fluids such as
2072:"Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 target Peyer's patches in humans and cause attaching/effacing lesions in both human and bovine intestine"
714:
are examined to identify the organism causing dysentery. Usually, several samples must be obtained due to the number of amoebae, which changes daily.
6225:
4920:
884:
829:
and the severity of disease. Extreme dehydration can delay recovery and significantly raises the risk for serious complications including death.
2600:
74:
2547:
5293:
4541:
2963:
2915:
2878:
2853:
2817:
2768:
2723:
2523:
2261:
1978:
1962:
1806:
3936:
423:
week. The frequency of urges to defecate, the large volume of liquid feces ejected, and the presence of blood, mucus, or pus depends on the
4191:
768:. If this treatment cannot be adequately maintained due to vomiting or the profuseness of diarrhea, hospital admission may be required for
1389:
2193:
3257:
1894:
1132:
1125:
died of dysentery on his way north from what is today
Chicago, traveling to the mission where he intended to spend the rest of his life.
880:
5506:
4913:
3617:
52:
6178:
6025:
3745:
3388:
2666:
2390:
1889:
286:
237:
5923:
4181:
2635:
6064:
5676:
5659:
5164:
5159:
5036:
4186:
3727:
3073:
1185:
868:
5189:
4849:
5918:
5874:
5768:
5590:
3759:
2228:
1931:
984:
6129:
5975:
3575:
2716:
The washing of the spears : a history of the rise of the Zulu nation under Shaka and its fall in the Zulu War of 1879
1033:) in Paris while visiting his daughter, Blanche, who had taken her vows as a nun there in 1322. He died on 3 January 1322.
797:
875:. In Gallipoli, dysentery was severely affecting soldiers and causing significant loss of manpower. Williams carried out
6230:
5884:
5403:
5011:
4745:
4069:
3505:
5098:
2338:
4406:
4400:
4016:
3206:
1263:, who was unable to save him. The notebooks and photographs, edited by Jean Vieuchange, went on to become bestsellers.
4994:
1346:
5464:
5393:
4485:
3066:
2368:
1270:
3463:
446:
In extreme cases, people may pass more than one liter of fluid per hour. More often, individuals will complain of
5737:
5693:
5646:
5452:
5070:
4206:
4041:
4010:
3940:
3721:
2020:
1630:
687:
A diagnosis may be made by taking a history and doing a brief examination. Dysentery should not be confused with
380:
5763:
2171:
6083:
5398:
5356:
5169:
5044:
5031:
4972:
4681:
4463:
4201:
4196:
4080:
3869:
3688:
3611:
3603:
3353:
3041:
2057:
1194:
765:
672:
5001:
4584:
1216:
699:
The mouth, skin, and lips may appear dry due to dehydration. Lower abdominal tenderness may also be present.
6008:
5785:
5526:
5318:
4977:
4885:
4765:
4725:
4667:
4386:
4153:
3589:
3547:
3200:
3192:
3137:
1635:
1573:
1176:
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1054:
1040:
864:
98:
6088:
5812:
5795:
5205:
5179:
5055:
5006:
4967:
4945:
4937:
4701:
4619:
4578:
4574:
4455:
4449:
4216:
3926:
3861:
3655:
3561:
3533:
3467:
3226:
2946:
1224:
6020:
5928:
5889:
5817:
4718:
4707:
4505:
4135:
3961:
3932:
3739:
3499:
3453:
3316:
3181:
2577:
980:
600:
336:
129:
5939:
5120:
6059:
6003:
5824:
5720:
5303:
5298:
5132:
5050:
5016:
4879:
4839:
4792:
4674:
4325:
4283:
4263:
4220:
4076:
3875:
3555:
3330:
2592:
1136:
966:
2539:
6153:
5963:
5856:
5839:
5800:
5773:
5725:
5568:
5545:
5538:
5487:
5459:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5288:
4857:
4802:
4471:
4347:
4292:
4240:
4159:
4102:
4055:
3990:
3838:
3830:
3824:
3541:
3527:
3396:
3219:
3215:
3177:
3096:
3022:
1989:
1012:
621:
436:
428:
2391:"Kapok Emergent Tree Of Tropical Rain Forest Used To Treat Asthma Dysentery Fever Kidney Diseases"
1139:. He is believed to have died in October 1676, allowing Virginia's ruling elite to regain control.
6165:
6030:
6013:
5998:
5985:
5968:
5834:
5361:
5333:
5093:
4989:
4954:
4845:
4756:
4257:
4246:
4167:
4111:
3899:
3597:
3583:
3513:
3490:
3185:
3131:
1050:
1026:
1022:
1015:
caught dysentery on his way to the
Scottish border and died in his servants' arms on 7 July 1307.
872:
81:
5469:
5267:
3058:
2447:
6220:
6143:
6124:
5497:
4830:
4796:
4660:
4592:
4355:
4333:
4302:
3753:
3519:
3251:
3145:
3089:
2959:
2911:
2874:
2849:
2833:
2813:
2764:
2719:
2662:
2519:
2513:
2481:
2302:
2257:
2251:
2145:
2101:
2036:
1958:
1866:
1831:
1802:
1796:
1777:
1723:
1562:
1544:
1248:
1220:
1206:
1122:
895:
137:
69:
2758:
2571:
1884:
1643:
1405:
6190:
6110:
6105:
6095:
5957:
5829:
5757:
5575:
5482:
5477:
5407:
5366:
5174:
5139:
4821:
4736:
4527:
4374:
4361:
4176:
3793:
3775:
3682:
3641:
3569:
3439:
3173:
2310:
2294:
2135:
2091:
2083:
2053:
2006:
1858:
1767:
1757:
1713:
1703:
1534:
1285:
1030:
942:
660:
643:
528:
infections. Viruses do not generally cause the disease. These pathogens typically reach the
483:
388:
254:
248:
205:
2472:
Mazza P (January 1994). "The use of
Bacillus subtilis as an antidiarrhoeal microorganism".
789:(Deodorized Tincture of Opium)] may be used for severe pain and to combat severe diarrhea.
6148:
6078:
5944:
5879:
5844:
5715:
5580:
5516:
5418:
5337:
5328:
5278:
5218:
5103:
5080:
4771:
4692:
4646:
4551:
4491:
4426:
4368:
4337:
4329:
4032:
4002:
3996:
3879:
3708:
3459:
3336:
3291:
3122:
3113:
2841:
2682:
2453:. Seizing the Initiative: Australian Women Leaders in Politics, Workplaces and Communities
1600:
1311:
1289:
1260:
1190:
1154:
854:
529:
365:
348:. It may spread between people. Risk factors include contamination of food and water with
345:
314:
299:
199:
4905:
2421:
2398:
2686:
1955:
Boards and Beyond: Infectious Disease: A Companion Book to the Boards and Beyond Website
1822:
DuPont HL (September 1978). "Interventions in diarrheas of infants and young children".
1746:"A Review of the Global Burden, New Diagnostics, and Current Therapeutics for Amebiasis"
1661:"Controlling the Spread of Infections in Evacuation Centers |Health and Safety Concerns"
1660:
6185:
6100:
5654:
5627:
5492:
5427:
5423:
5313:
5283:
4871:
4521:
4515:
4378:
4274:
4231:
4126:
3647:
3414:
3384:
3322:
3307:
3242:
3151:
2938:
2926:
2795:
2096:
2071:
1772:
1745:
1718:
1691:
1595:
1539:
1522:
1278:
1150:
1058:
1002:
956:
861:
87:
3035:
3031:
2643:
6209:
6118:
6071:
5864:
5807:
5790:
5702:
5447:
5274:
5149:
5115:
5060:
4867:
4783:
4610:
4565:
4306:
4298:
4141:
3908:
3819:
3479:
3445:
3420:
3405:
3163:
3104:
2315:
1227:
in Vietnam, died of dysentery as the French surrounded his forces on 21 January 1896.
1082:
850:
Shigella evolved with the human expansion out of Africa 50,000 to 200,000 years ago.
809:
793:
3027:
5993:
5905:
5778:
5681:
5632:
5617:
5612:
5608:
5521:
5346:
5262:
5154:
5144:
5110:
4863:
4637:
4116:
3844:
3784:
3731:
3716:
3661:
2903:
2871:
The Battle For Singapore—The True Story of the Greatest Catastrophe of World War II
2845:
1988:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, Georgia 1999. Archived from
1274:
1086:
879:
investigations into dysentery, co-authoring several groundbreaking papers with Sir
731:
711:
707:
691:, which is the passage of fresh blood through the anus, usually in or with stools.
688:
534:
384:
372:
357:
153:
2224:
2140:
2123:
1923:
3046:
2740:
549:) and further tissue damage by the body's immune cells and the chemicals, called
344:. Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, other protozoa, or
6173:
5935:
5913:
5744:
5664:
5308:
5209:
4962:
4437:
4392:
4343:
4047:
3799:
1158:
970:
938:
928:
876:
813:
769:
735:
719:
627:
495:
491:
487:
463:
455:
411:
376:
331:
318:
168:
157:
103:
5949:
5622:
5600:
5245:
5184:
3811:
3296:
3282:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2899:
2070:
Phillips, A; Navabpour, S; Hicks, S; Dougan, G; Wallis, T; Frankel, G (2000).
1708:
1301:
1238:
817:
782:
715:
605:
592:
587:
525:
395:
are not recommended on their own, they may be used together with antibiotics.
392:
353:
341:
143:
2306:
903:, but declined in popularity after the introduction of consumer antibiotics.
5899:
5869:
5732:
5710:
5563:
5414:
5250:
5240:
5127:
5088:
5021:
4625:
4477:
4145:
4086:
3967:
3273:
2330:
2278:
1282:
1234:
1090:
888:
887:. The result of their work into dysentery was increased demand for specific
774:
571:
361:
2298:
2149:
2105:
1957:(Version 9-26-2016 ed.). CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
1781:
1727:
1548:
1447:
1354:
17:
2485:
2040:
1870:
1762:
638:, and is then known as bacillary dysentery (or Marlow syndrome). The term
5533:
5511:
5223:
4061:
3093:
2570:
2087:
1835:
994:
916:
786:
778:
631:
566:
550:
542:
521:
471:
447:
440:
424:
326:
306:
123:
2360:
1979:"Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Epidemic Dysentery and Cholera"
1624:
1089:, died of dysentery on 28 January 1596 whilst anchored off the coast of
808:
Amoebic dysentery is often treated with two antimicrobial drugs such as
5585:
5351:
5255:
5227:
4652:
4598:
3952:
3917:
1862:
1319:
1162:
1146:
1068:
946:
486:. In such cases, it may more seriously infect other organs such as the
61:
2983:
595:, also known as amoebic dysentery, is caused by an infection from the
6051:
5669:
5555:
3430:
2995:
1567:
1252:
596:
554:
479:
467:
2277:
Pupo, Gulietta M.; Lan, Ruiting; Reeves, Peter R. (22 August 2000).
545:), swelling due to fluid leaking from capillaries of the intestine (
5501:
5231:
1798:
Tapeworms, Lice, and Prions: A compendium of unpleasant infections
1256:
1184:
1180:
1166:
1112:
1100:
1072:
998:
910:
642:
etymologically might seem to refer to any dysentery caused by any
546:
538:
505:
459:
451:
432:
349:
310:
303:
91:
945:
she blamed her doctors for her death and asked her husband, King
3673:
3632:
1255:
on 30 November 1930, on his return from the "forbidden city" of
1108:
1057:, apparently from dysentery, which he had contracted during the
718:
can be used to measure abnormalities in the levels of essential
431:
can occur, as well. In some occasions, severe abdominal cramps,
4909:
3357:
3062:
2763:. Berkeley, California: University of California. p. 68.
2661:(brief ed.). New York; London: W. W. Norton and Company.
1241:, died of dysentery on 11 February 1910. She was 20 years old.
275:
269:
226:
220:
2701:
2636:"Louis Jolliet (1645-1700) and Jacques Marquette (1637-1675)"
1135:
died of dysentery after taking control of Virginia following
746:
Although there is currently no vaccine that protects against
387:
may be used to treat cases associated with travelling in the
2812:(in French). Paris: Phébus. pp. 29, 245–249 & 253.
1692:"Antibiotic Therapy for Acute Watery Diarrhea and Dysentery"
959:, the Byzantine emperor, died of dysentery in September 685.
278:
229:
2283:
and convergent evolution of many of their characteristics"
324:
The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria from genus
2124:"Status of vaccine research and development for Shigella"
646:
bacteria, but its meaning is restricted by convention to
564:
Some microorganisms – for example, bacteria of the genus
510:
Cross-section of diseased intestines. Colored lithograph
263:
214:
27:
Inflammation of the intestine causing diarrhea with blood
2448:"Fannie Eleanor Williams: Bacteriologist and Serologist"
2253:
Encyclopedia of Pestilence, Pandemics, and Plagues: A-M
557:
may also arise due to the blood loss through diarrhea.
1824:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
1744:
Shirley DT, Farr L, Watanabe K, Moonah S (July 2018).
391:. While medications used to decrease diarrhea such as
2873:. United Kingdom: Portraits Books. pp. 389–390.
1849:
DeWitt TG (July 1989). "Acute diarrhea in children".
1061:. He was 35 years old and had reigned for nine years.
287:
266:
238:
217:
2973:
272:
260:
223:
211:
6164:
6050:
6043:
5984:
5898:
5855:
5701:
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5645:
5599:
5554:
5440:
5327:
5217:
5204:
5079:
4953:
4944:
4829:
4820:
4782:
4755:
4735:
4691:
4636:
4609:
4564:
4538:
4502:
4434:
4425:
4317:
4282:
4273:
4230:
4125:
4110:
4101:
4031:
3978:
3951:
3916:
3907:
3898:
3810:
3783:
3774:
3707:
3672:
3631:
3489:
3478:
3429:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3306:
3281:
3272:
3241:
3162:
3121:
3112:
3103:
2977:
2426:
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
2279:"Multiple independent origins of Shigella clones of
257:
208:
183:
175:
163:
149:
136:
117:
109:
97:
80:
68:
42:
37:
2927:"Six Women who Influenced Mao Zedong 影响毛泽东一生的六位女性"
2691:(Second ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co.
1623:
941:, Frankish queen, died of dysentery. According to
2954:Pantsov, Alexander V.; Levine, Steven I. (2012).
2810:L'ultime désert: vie et mort de Michel Vieuchange
2194:"Chapter 3 Infectious Diseases Related To Travel"
764:Dysentery is managed by maintaining fluids using
482:will invade the body through the bloodstream and
1071:, Dutch renaissance humanist and theologian. At
738:measures while traveling in areas of high risk.
664:cause bloody diarrhea. The typical culprits are
2848:(preface). (Reprint ed.). New York: Ecco.
2287:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1665:U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
4921:
3369:
3074:
2958:. New York and London: Simon & Schuster.
2787:
2783:
1473:
1471:
1469:
931:, Frankish king, died of dysentery as a child
785:to treat any associated bacterial infection.
8:
5027:Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
949:, to kill them after she died, which he did.
541:, painful spasms of the intestinal muscles (
2844:(editor; introduction, notes, postscript);
1739:
1737:
1223:revolutionary who led rebel armies against
6047:
5698:
5214:
5066:Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis
4950:
4928:
4914:
4906:
4826:
4431:
4279:
4122:
4107:
3913:
3904:
3780:
3486:
3426:
3410:
3401:
3376:
3362:
3354:
3278:
3118:
3109:
3081:
3067:
3059:
2974:
2122:Mani S, Wierzba T, Walker RI (June 2016).
1685:
1683:
1681:
1655:
1653:
1488:. November 2016. p. 2. Archived from
1400:
1398:
867:was serving as a medic in Greece with the
466:sometimes also accompany dysentery, while
51:
34:
2718:(1st ed.). New York: Da Capo Press.
2314:
2139:
2095:
2056:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
2009:. TheFreeDictionary's Medical dictionary.
1771:
1761:
1717:
1707:
1538:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
454:, accompanied by extreme abdominal pain,
2621:
1169:, Raigad district of Maharashtra, India.
800:may be useful. However, many strains of
606:severe, potentially fatal, complications
2840:. Fletcher Allen, Edgar (translation);
1331:
1277:involved the forced crowding of 17,000
1259:. He was nursed by his brother, Doctor
1183:) died of dysentery on 10 October 1827.
1053:died suddenly on 31 August 1422 at the
1029:(site of the present hippodrome in the
179:Occurs often in many parts of the world
2739:Livingstone D (1874). Waller H (ed.).
1406:"WHO EMRO | Dysentery | Health topics"
5294:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
4542:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
2760:Vietnamese anticolonialism, 1885–1925
2603:from the original on 12 February 2018
2550:from the original on 13 February 2018
2371:from the original on 15 February 2012
2341:from the original on 22 February 2012
2117:
2115:
2027:. Report of a WHO Expert Committee".
1193:with dysentery in a Japanese camp in
871:, receiving casualties directly from
730:Efforts to prevent dysentery include
371:Efforts to prevent dysentery include
7:
3927:Neisseria meningitidis/meningococcus
2659:Give Me Liberty! An American History
2581:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1644:participating institution membership
1001:while commanding his troops for the
356:. The underlying mechanism involves
3258:Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis
2593:"BBC – History – Sir Francis Drake"
969:died of dysentery at the castle of
6216:Conditions diagnosed by stool test
3389:Gram-negative bacterial infections
2791:
2702:Sarkar, Shivaji and His Times 1920
2365:Human Uses and Cultural Importance
1897:from the original on 23 March 2010
853:The seed, leaves, and bark of the
675:is the best known. These types of
383:is important. Antibiotics such as
25:
6179:Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
6026:Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
3746:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
2231:from the original on 14 July 2011
2204:from the original on 14 July 2014
1934:from the original on 14 July 2011
1521:Marie C, Petri WA (August 2013).
1247:: The French explorer and writer
5924:Secondary sclerosing cholangitis
3962:Neisseria gonorrhoeae/gonococcus
3937:Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome
2518:. London: Methuen. p. 253.
1304:
1209:died of dysentery on 1 May 1873.
626:Dysentery may also be caused by
315:feeling of incomplete defecation
253:
204:
5165:Gastric antral vascular ectasia
5160:Portal hypertensive gastropathy
5037:Gastroesophageal reflux disease
3728:Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
2474:Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico
997:of France died of dysentery in
427:causing the disease. Temporary
330:, in which case it is known as
6226:Intestinal infectious diseases
5919:Primary sclerosing cholangitis
5769:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
5591:Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
3760:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
2256:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 175–176.
2164:"WHO vaccine pipeline tracker"
1750:Open Forum Infectious Diseases
1601:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
837:Insufficient data exists, but
570:– secrete substances known as
1:
5976:Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
3576:Flinders Island spotted fever
2141:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.075
1801:. OUP Oxford. p. PT517.
1690:Tribble DR (September 2017).
1273:in the summer of 1942 during
539:elevated physical temperature
535:inflammatory immune responses
511:
309:. Other symptoms may include
294:), historically known as the
60:A person with dysentery in a
5885:Postcholecystectomy syndrome
5404:Intestinal pseudoobstruction
5012:Esophageal motility disorder
4746:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
4070:Burkholderia cepacia complex
3506:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
1390:Dorland's Medical Dictionary
484:spread beyond the intestines
317:. Complications may include
167:Drinking sufficient fluids,
4407:Far East scarlet-like fever
4401:Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
4017:Chromobacteriosis infection
3207:Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
2029:WHO Technical Report Series
1149:, founder and ruler of the
6247:
5870:Gallstone / Cholelithiasis
5394:Functional colonic disease
5190:Zollinger–Ellison syndrome
2572:"Desiderius Erasmus"
2569:Herbermann C, ed. (1913).
2502:, Pantianos Classics, 1916
1271:Selarang Barracks incident
619:
585:
5071:Acute esophageal necrosis
4207:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
4042:Burkholderia pseudomallei
4011:Chromobacterium violaceum
3941:Meningococcal septicaemia
3722:Anaplasma phagocytophilum
2910:. London: Jonathan Cape.
2838:Smara: The Forbidden City
2788:Pantsov & Levine 2012
2784:Chang & Halliday 2005
2540:"BBC – History – Henry V"
2168:World Health Organization
1709:10.7205/MILMED-D-17-00068
1631:Oxford English Dictionary
1479:"Dysentery (Shigellosis)"
1025:died of dysentery at the
869:Australian Imperial Force
381:oral rehydration solution
59:
50:
5170:Gastric dumping syndrome
5045:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
5032:Diffuse esophageal spasm
4682:Plesiomonas shigelloides
4464:Brazilian purpuric fever
4081:Bordetella parapertussis
3870:Bartonella bacilliformis
3689:Flea-borne spotted fever
3619:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
3612:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
3604:American tick bite fever
2058:Medical Subject Headings
766:oral rehydration therapy
494:, and most commonly the
462:. Rapid weight loss and
313:, abdominal pain, and a
5786:Alcoholic liver disease
5319:Bile acid malabsorption
5263:Peptic (duodenal) ulcer
4850:Guillain–Barré syndrome
4766:Cardiobacterium hominis
4726:Acinetobacter baumannii
4668:Vibrio parahaemolyticus
4387:Yersinia enterocolitica
4154:Klebsiella granulomatis
3590:African tick bite fever
3548:North Asian tick typhus
3193:Cutaneous leishmaniasis
3138:African trypanosomiasis
2500:A History of the Franks
2335:Blue Planet and Biomoes
1890:National Health Service
1636:Oxford University Press
1574:Oxford University Press
1041:Edward the Black Prince
865:Fannie Eleanor Williams
679:also make Shiga toxin.
520:Dysentery results from
478:On rare occasions, the
5796:Hepatic encephalopathy
5180:Buried bumper syndrome
5111:Peptic (gastric) ulcer
4995:Mallory–Weiss syndrome
4938:human digestive system
4702:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4620:Francisella tularensis
4579:Legionella longbeachae
4575:Legionella pneumophila
4217:Enterobacter aerogenes
3862:Bacillary angiomatosis
3656:Orientia tsutsugamushi
3562:Queensland tick typhus
3534:Japanese spotted fever
3468:Flying squirrel typhus
3227:Visceral leishmaniasis
2947:Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
2908:Mao: The Unknown Story
2299:10.1073/pnas.180094797
1225:French colonial forces
1198:
927:: Childesinda, son of
920:
517:
6021:Pancreatic pseudocyst
5890:Porcelain gallbladder
5002:Zenker's diverticulum
4719:Moraxella catarrhalis
4585:Legionnaires' disease
4506:Pasteurella multocida
4136:Klebsiella pneumoniae
3933:Meningococcal disease
3740:Ehrlichia chaffeensis
3500:Rickettsia rickettsii
3464:Brill–Zinsser disease
3454:Rickettsia prowazekii
3317:Trichomonas vaginalis
2688:Shivaji and His Times
2578:Catholic Encyclopedia
2225:"Dysentery-Prognosis"
1924:"Dysentery-Diagnosis"
1570:UK English Dictionary
1527:BMJ Clinical Evidence
1251:died of dysentery in
1188:
1157:. He was cremated at
983:died of dysentery at
981:John, King of England
914:
703:Stool and blood tests
601:Entamoeba histolytica
509:
443:can all be symptoms.
407:Entamoeba histolytica
403:Entamoeba histolytica
337:Entamoeba histolytica
130:Entamoeba histolytica
5825:Hepatorenal syndrome
5764:Budd–Chiari syndrome
5721:Autoimmune hepatitis
5546:Intestinal adhesions
5304:Short bowel syndrome
5133:Functional dyspepsia
5051:Esophageal stricture
5017:Nutcracker esophagus
4880:Helicobacter cinaedi
4840:Campylobacter jejuni
4793:Aeromonas hydrophila
4675:Vibrio alginolyticus
4326:Shigella dysenteriae
4264:Citrobacter freundii
4221:Enterobacter cloacae
4077:Bordetella pertussis
3556:Rickettsia australis
3331:Dientamoeba fragilis
2931:Dangshi Wenyuan 党史文苑
2925:Lü, Chun 吕春 (2009).
2790:, pp. 28, 589;
2088:10.1136/gut.47.3.377
1986:WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.8
1885:"Dysentery symptoms"
1851:Pediatrics in Review
1495:on 20 September 2018
1177:Queen Nandi kaBhebhe
1055:Château de Vincennes
967:Henry the Young King
860:In 1915, Australian
364:, especially of the
340:; then it is called
6231:Waterborne diseases
5964:Choledocholithiasis
5835:Metabolic disorders
5801:Acute liver failure
5774:Portal hypertension
5726:Alcoholic hepatitis
5569:Radiation proctitis
5488:Mesenteric ischemia
5460:Gastroenterocolitis
5289:Blind loop syndrome
5099:Ménétrier's disease
5007:Barrett's esophagus
4858:Helicobacter pylori
4348:Bacillary dysentery
4293:Salmonella enterica
4241:Serratia marcescens
4160:Granuloma inguinale
4056:Burkholderia mallei
3991:Eikenella corrodens
3839:Bartonella quintana
3831:Cat-scratch disease
3825:Bartonella henselae
3542:Rickettsia sibirica
3528:Rickettsia japonica
2956:Mao: The Real Story
2869:Thompson P (2005).
2808:de Meaux A (2004).
2293:(19): 10567–10572.
1763:10.1093/ofid/ofy161
1634:(Online ed.).
1523:"Amoebic dysentery"
1013:Edward I of England
987:on 19 October 1216.
891:and curative sera.
640:bacillary dysentery
622:Bacillary dysentery
616:Bacillary dysentery
429:lactose intolerance
142:Based on symptoms,
6139:Undefined location
6130:Grynfeltt–Lesshaft
6031:Pancreatic fistula
6014:Pancreatic abscess
5969:Biliary dyskinesia
5940:Mirizzi's syndrome
5441:Large and/or small
5121:Dieulafoy's lesion
4990:Boerhaave syndrome
4846:Campylobacteriosis
4757:Cardiobacteriaceae
4258:Citrobacter koseri
4168:Klebsiella oxytoca
3598:Rickettsia parkeri
3584:Rickettsia africae
3514:Rickettsia conorii
2714:Morris DR (1998).
2624:, pp. 168–169
2512:Warren WL (1991).
2498:Gregory of Tours.
2223:mdguidelines.com.
1863:10.1542/pir.11-1-6
1830:(5 Pt 2): 649–53.
1357:on 5 December 2014
1199:
1051:Henry V of England
1027:Abbey of Longchamp
1023:Philip V of France
1005:on 25 August 1270.
921:
883:, director of the
720:minerals and salts
666:enterohemorrhagic
630:, an infection by
518:
418:Signs and symptoms
187:1.1 million a year
75:Infectious disease
6203:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6039:
6038:
5641:
5640:
5498:Bowel obstruction
5200:
5199:
4903:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4831:Campylobacterales
4816:
4815:
4797:Aeromonas veronii
4661:Vibrio vulnificus
4593:Coxiella burnetii
4560:
4559:
4486:H. parainfluenzae
4421:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4356:Proteus mirabilis
4303:Paratyphoid fever
4192:Enterohemorrhagic
4112:Enterobacteriales
4097:
4096:
4027:
4026:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3876:Carrion's disease
3770:
3769:
3754:Ehrlichia ewingii
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3520:Boutonneuse fever
3351:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3268:
3267:
3252:Naegleria fowleri
3237:
3236:
3090:Parasitic disease
3056:
3055:
2965:978-1-4516-5447-9
2943:The Mughul Empire
2917:978-0-224-07126-0
2880:978-0-7499-5085-9
2855:978-0-88001-146-4
2819:978-2-85940-997-5
2770:978-0-520-01813-6
2725:978-0-306-80866-1
2525:978-0-413-45520-8
2422:"Fannie Williams"
2420:Digital, Carter.
2395:encyclocenter.com
2361:"Ceiba pentandra"
2263:978-0-313-34102-1
2250:Byrne JP (2008).
2200:. 1 August 2013.
2134:(26): 2887–2894.
1964:978-1-5237-0935-9
1808:978-0-8493-0072-1
1696:Military Medicine
1642:(Subscription or
1604:. Merriam-Webster
1454:. 18 October 2017
1249:Michel Vieuchange
1207:David Livingstone
1137:Bacon's Rebellion
1123:Jacques Marquette
896:Bacillus subtilis
777:drug to kill the
582:Amoebic dysentery
537:. This can cause
191:
190:
138:Diagnostic method
86:Bloody diarrhea,
32:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
6238:
6191:Pneumoperitoneum
6048:
5958:Common bile duct
5840:Wilson's disease
5830:Peliosis hepatis
5699:
5576:Proctalgia fugax
5483:Abdominal angina
5408:Ogilvie syndrome
5357:Pseudomembranous
5215:
5175:Gastric volvulus
5140:Pyloric stenosis
4951:
4936:Diseases of the
4930:
4923:
4916:
4907:
4827:
4737:Xanthomonadaceae
4545:
4528:Actinobacillosis
4509:
4442:
4432:
4362:Proteus vulgaris
4280:
4177:Escherichia coli
4123:
4108:
3983:
3914:
3905:
3794:Brucella abortus
3781:
3776:Hyphomicrobiales
3683:Rickettsia felis
3642:Rickettsia akari
3570:Rickettsia honei
3487:
3440:Rickettsia typhi
3427:
3411:
3402:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3355:
3279:
3223:
3189:
3174:Leishmania major
3119:
3110:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3060:
2975:
2969:
2950:
2934:
2921:
2885:
2884:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2842:Vieuchange, Jean
2830:
2824:
2823:
2805:
2799:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2757:Marr DG (1970).
2754:
2748:
2747:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2657:Foner E (2012).
2654:
2648:
2647:
2646:on 8 March 2013.
2642:. Archived from
2631:
2625:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2509:
2503:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2452:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2397:. Archived from
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2281:Escherichia coli
2274:
2268:
2267:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2170:. Archived from
2160:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2119:
2110:
2109:
2099:
2067:
2061:
2054:Amebic+Dysentery
2051:
2045:
2044:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1995:on 5 March 2012.
1994:
1983:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1928:mdguidelines.com
1920:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1795:Grove D (2013).
1792:
1786:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1721:
1711:
1687:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1639:
1627:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1542:
1518:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1483:
1475:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1444:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1410:www.emro.who.int
1402:
1393:
1382:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1353:. Archived from
1343:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1290:Japanese captors
1288:(POWs) by their
1286:prisoners-of-war
1237:, first wife of
1191:prisoners of war
1031:Bois de Boulogne
973:on 11 June 1183.
943:Gregory of Tours
885:Lister Institute
668:Escherichia coli
661:Escherichia coli
658:Some strains of
516:
513:
480:amoebic parasite
458:and a low-grade
389:developing world
334:, or the amoeba
302:that results in
290:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
252:
241:
236:
235:
232:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
203:
113:Less than a week
55:
35:
21:
6246:
6245:
6241:
6240:
6239:
6237:
6236:
6235:
6206:
6205:
6204:
6195:
6160:
6149:Internal hernia
6035:
5980:
5945:Biliary fistula
5903:
5894:
5880:Adenomyomatosis
5875:Cholesterolosis
5851:
5845:Hemochromatosis
5716:Viral hepatitis
5688:
5637:
5595:
5581:Rectal prolapse
5550:
5517:Fecal impaction
5507:Intussusception
5470:Crohn's disease
5436:
5419:Toxic megacolon
5331:
5329:Large intestine
5323:
5268:Curling's ulcer
5221:
5219:Small intestine
5208:
5196:
5104:Gastroenteritis
5075:
4940:
4934:
4904:
4895:
4812:
4778:
4751:
4731:
4693:Pseudomonadales
4687:
4647:Vibrio cholerae
4632:
4605:
4556:
4539:
4534:
4503:
4498:
4435:
4413:
4369:Yersinia pestis
4313:
4269:
4226:
4182:Enterotoxigenic
4114:
4093:
4033:Burkholderiales
4023:
3997:Kingella kingae
3979:
3974:
3947:
3886:
3880:Verruga peruana
3806:
3766:
3709:Anaplasmataceae
3695:
3668:
3627:
3481:
3474:
3460:Epidemic typhus
3418:
3391:
3382:
3352:
3343:
3337:Dientamoebiasis
3302:
3292:Giardia lamblia
3264:
3233:
3213:
3201:L. braziliensis
3171:
3158:
3123:Trypanosomiasis
3114:Trypanosomatida
3099:
3087:
3057:
3052:
3051:
2986:
2972:
2966:
2953:
2937:
2924:
2918:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2856:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2700:
2696:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2669:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2640:Discoverers Web
2633:
2632:
2628:
2620:
2616:
2606:
2604:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2553:
2551:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2526:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2497:
2493:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2446:Kirsty Harris.
2445:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2428:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2404:
2402:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2344:
2342:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2232:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2205:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2174:on 25 July 2016
2162:
2161:
2157:
2121:
2120:
2113:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2052:
2048:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1992:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1953:Ryan J (2016).
1952:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1922:
1921:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1743:
1742:
1735:
1689:
1688:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1641:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1579:
1577:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1520:
1519:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1446:
1445:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1403:
1396:
1383:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1345:
1344:
1333:
1328:
1312:Medicine portal
1310:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1261:Jean Vieuchange
1217:Phan Đình Phùng
1205:: The explorer
1155:Hanuman Jayanti
1133:Nathaniel Bacon
909:
848:
835:
826:
762:
744:
728:
705:
697:
685:
656:
624:
618:
590:
584:
530:large intestine
514:
504:
420:
346:parasitic worms
300:gastroenteritis
298:, is a type of
288:
256:
247:
246:
239:
207:
198:
197:
46:Bloody diarrhea
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6244:
6242:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6208:
6207:
6201:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6194:
6193:
6188:
6186:Hemoperitoneum
6183:
6182:
6181:
6170:
6168:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6158:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6135:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6127:
6114:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6092:
6091:
6086:
6075:
6074:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6056:
6054:
6045:
6041:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5990:
5988:
5982:
5981:
5979:
5978:
5973:
5972:
5971:
5966:
5953:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5933:
5932:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5910:
5908:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5861:
5859:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5788:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5742:
5741:
5740:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5707:
5705:
5696:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5684:
5674:
5673:
5672:
5667:
5657:
5655:Blood in stool
5651:
5649:
5643:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5628:Anal dysplasia
5625:
5620:
5615:
5605:
5603:
5597:
5596:
5594:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5560:
5558:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5542:
5541:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5495:
5493:Angiodysplasia
5490:
5485:
5474:
5473:
5472:
5462:
5457:
5456:
5455:
5444:
5442:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5434:
5428:Diverticulosis
5424:Diverticulitis
5421:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5401:
5391:
5386:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5349:
5343:
5341:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5314:Milroy disease
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5284:Tropical sprue
5281:
5272:
5271:
5270:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5237:
5235:
5212:
5206:Lower GI tract
5202:
5201:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5118:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5085:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4959:
4957:
4948:
4946:Upper GI tract
4942:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4925:
4918:
4910:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4892:
4891:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4872:Gastric cancer
4854:
4853:
4852:
4835:
4833:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4788:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4761:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4741:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4697:
4695:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4642:
4640:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4615:
4613:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4570:
4568:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4548:
4546:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4522:Actinobacillus
4518:
4516:Pasteurellosis
4512:
4510:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4461:
4445:
4443:
4429:
4427:Pasteurellales
4423:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4379:Bubonic plague
4365:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4288:
4286:
4277:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4236:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:Enteroinvasive
4184:
4172:
4171:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4131:
4129:
4120:
4105:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4073:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4037:
4035:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3986:
3984:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3957:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3922:
3920:
3911:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3849:
3848:
3847:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3816:
3814:
3812:Bartonellaceae
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3789:
3787:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3691:
3678:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3648:Rickettsialpox
3637:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3552:
3551:
3550:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3495:
3493:
3484:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3435:
3433:
3424:
3415:Rickettsiaceae
3408:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3385:Pseudomonadota
3383:
3381:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3323:Trichomoniasis
3312:
3310:
3308:Trichomonadida
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3287:
3285:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3247:
3245:
3243:Schizopyrenida
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3168:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3152:Chagas disease
3142:
3141:
3140:
3127:
3125:
3116:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3063:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3038:
3015:
2987:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:Classification
2971:
2970:
2964:
2951:
2939:Majumdar, R.C.
2935:
2922:
2916:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2879:
2861:
2854:
2825:
2818:
2800:
2776:
2769:
2749:
2731:
2724:
2706:
2704:, p. 382.
2694:
2674:
2667:
2649:
2626:
2614:
2584:
2561:
2531:
2524:
2504:
2491:
2464:
2438:
2412:
2401:on 10 May 2012
2382:
2352:
2322:
2269:
2262:
2242:
2215:
2185:
2155:
2111:
2082:(3): 377–381.
2062:
2046:
2012:
1998:
1970:
1963:
1945:
1908:
1876:
1841:
1814:
1807:
1787:
1733:
1677:
1649:
1615:
1587:
1554:
1506:
1465:
1422:
1394:
1368:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1264:
1242:
1228:
1210:
1200:
1170:
1151:Maratha Empire
1140:
1126:
1116:
1111:, present-day
1094:
1076:
1062:
1059:siege of Meaux
1044:
1034:
1016:
1006:
1003:Eighth Crusade
988:
974:
960:
957:Constantine IV
950:
932:
908:
905:
881:Charles Martin
862:bacteriologist
847:
844:
834:
831:
825:
822:
805:malnutrition.
761:
758:
743:
740:
727:
724:
704:
701:
696:
693:
684:
681:
655:
654:Other bacteria
652:
620:Main article:
617:
614:
586:Main article:
583:
580:
503:
500:
419:
416:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
171:(severe cases)
165:
161:
160:
151:
147:
146:
140:
134:
133:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
101:
95:
94:
88:abdominal pain
84:
78:
77:
72:
66:
65:
64:POW camp, 1943
57:
56:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6243:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6167:
6163:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6137:
6136:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6116:
6115:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6077:
6076:
6073:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6060:Diaphragmatic
6058:
6057:
6055:
6053:
6049:
6046:
6042:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5977:
5974:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5960:
5959:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5937:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5916:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5907:
5901:
5897:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5865:Cholecystitis
5863:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5854:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5808:Liver abscess
5806:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5792:
5791:Liver failure
5789:
5787:
5784:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5743:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5713:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5704:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5691:
5683:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5644:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5610:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5602:
5598:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5557:
5553:
5547:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5532:
5528:
5525:
5524:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5449:
5448:Enterocolitis
5446:
5445:
5443:
5439:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5413:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5396:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5335:
5330:
5326:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5276:
5275:Malabsorption
5273:
5269:
5266:
5265:
5264:
5261:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5220:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5150:Gastroparesis
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5116:Cushing ulcer
5114:
5113:
5112:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5078:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5061:Megaesophagus
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4931:
4926:
4924:
4919:
4917:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4868:MALT lymphoma
4865:
4862:
4861:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4819:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4784:Aeromonadales
4781:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4747:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4721:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4639:
4635:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4611:Thiotrichales
4608:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4566:Legionellales
4563:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4537:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4501:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4450:H. influenzae
4447:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4424:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4308:
4307:Salmonellosis
4304:
4300:
4299:Typhoid fever
4297:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4229:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4142:Rhinoscleroma
4140:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4030:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3977:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3820:Bartonellosis
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3477:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3446:Murine typhus
3444:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3421:Rickettsioses
3416:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:Rickettsiales
3403:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3379:
3374:
3372:
3367:
3365:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3283:Diplomonadida
3280:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3182:L. aethiopica
3179:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3164:Leishmaniasis
3161:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3105:Discicristata
3102:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3072:
3070:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2980:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2957:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2904:Halliday, Jon
2901:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2882:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2862:
2857:
2851:
2847:
2846:Claudel, Paul
2843:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2821:
2815:
2811:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2786:, p. 7;
2785:
2780:
2777:
2772:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2750:
2745:
2744:
2735:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2670:
2668:9780393920321
2664:
2660:
2653:
2650:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2622:Majumdar 1984
2618:
2615:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2573:
2565:
2562:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2468:
2465:
2449:
2442:
2439:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2413:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2246:
2243:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2216:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1946:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1791:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1756:(7): ofy161.
1755:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1702:(S2): 17–25.
1701:
1697:
1693:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1625:"bloody flux"
1619:
1616:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1588:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1302:
1297:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1179:, (mother of
1178:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:Francis Drake
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
989:
986:
985:Newark Castle
982:
978:
975:
972:
968:
964:
961:
958:
954:
951:
948:
944:
940:
936:
933:
930:
926:
923:
922:
918:
913:
907:Notable cases
906:
904:
902:
898:
897:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
863:
858:
856:
851:
845:
843:
840:
832:
830:
823:
821:
819:
815:
811:
810:metronidazole
806:
803:
799:
795:
794:ciprofloxacin
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
773:including an
771:
767:
759:
757:
754:
749:
741:
739:
737:
733:
725:
723:
721:
717:
713:
712:stool samples
709:
702:
700:
695:Physical exam
694:
692:
690:
682:
680:
678:
674:
670:
669:
663:
662:
653:
651:
649:
645:
641:
637:
634:of the genus
633:
629:
623:
615:
613:
609:
607:
603:
602:
598:
594:
589:
581:
579:
575:
573:
569:
568:
562:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
527:
523:
508:
501:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
417:
415:
413:
408:
404:
400:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:
333:
329:
328:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:
283:
250:
244:
243:
234:
201:
195:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
159:
155:
152:
148:
145:
141:
139:
135:
132:
131:
126:
125:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
102:
100:
99:Complications
96:
93:
89:
85:
83:
79:
76:
73:
71:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
6138:
6117:
5994:Pancreatitis
5956:
5906:biliary tree
5779:Nutmeg liver
5756:
5682:Hematochezia
5633:Pruritus ani
5618:Anal abscess
5613:Anal fistula
5609:Anal fissure
5522:Constipation
5476:
5388:
5347:Appendicitis
5155:Gastroptosis
5145:Achlorhydria
4984:
4973:Eosinophilic
4887:Helicobacter
4886:
4878:
4864:Peptic ulcer
4856:
4838:
4803:
4791:
4764:
4744:
4724:
4717:
4708:
4700:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4645:
4638:Vibrionaceae
4618:
4591:
4573:
4540:
4520:
4504:
4484:
4470:
4456:
4448:
4436:
4399:
4385:
4367:
4360:
4354:
4324:
4291:
4262:
4256:
4247:
4239:
4215:
4175:
4166:
4152:
4134:
4075:
4068:
4054:
4040:
4009:
3995:
3989:
3980:
3960:
3925:
3909:Neisseriales
3868:
3856:
3852:
3845:Trench fever
3837:
3823:
3792:
3785:Brucellaceae
3752:
3738:
3732:Anaplasmosis
3720:
3717:Ehrlichiosis
3681:
3662:Scrub typhus
3654:
3640:
3618:
3610:
3596:
3582:
3568:
3554:
3540:
3526:
3512:
3498:
3452:
3438:
3387:-associated
3329:
3315:
3290:
3250:
3214:
3199:
3172:
3144:
3130:
3040:
3017:
2990:
2955:
2942:
2930:
2907:
2870:
2864:
2837:
2834:Vieuchange M
2828:
2809:
2803:
2779:
2759:
2752:
2746:. J. Murray.
2741:
2734:
2715:
2709:
2697:
2687:
2677:
2658:
2652:
2644:the original
2639:
2629:
2617:
2605:. Retrieved
2596:
2587:
2576:
2564:
2552:. Retrieved
2543:
2534:
2514:
2507:
2499:
2494:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2441:
2429:. Retrieved
2425:
2415:
2403:. Retrieved
2399:the original
2394:
2385:
2373:. Retrieved
2364:
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2334:
2331:"Kapok Tree"
2325:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2272:
2252:
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2218:
2206:. Retrieved
2197:
2188:
2176:. Retrieved
2172:the original
2167:
2158:
2131:
2127:
2079:
2075:
2065:
2049:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2015:
2001:
1990:the original
1985:
1973:
1954:
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1927:
1899:. Retrieved
1888:
1879:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1797:
1790:
1753:
1749:
1699:
1695:
1668:. Retrieved
1664:
1629:
1618:
1606:. Retrieved
1599:
1590:
1578:. Retrieved
1566:
1557:
1530:
1526:
1497:. Retrieved
1490:the original
1485:
1456:. Retrieved
1451:
1413:. Retrieved
1409:
1388:
1359:. Retrieved
1355:the original
1350:
1275:World War II
1266:
1244:
1230:
1212:
1202:
1172:
1165:is built in
1161:, where his
1142:
1128:
1118:
1096:
1087:vice admiral
1078:
1064:
1046:
1036:
1018:
1008:
990:
976:
962:
952:
934:
924:
900:
894:
893:
859:
852:
849:
838:
836:
833:Epidemiology
827:
807:
801:
791:
763:
752:
747:
745:
732:hand washing
729:
706:
698:
689:hematochezia
686:
676:
667:
659:
657:
647:
639:
635:
625:
610:
599:
591:
576:
565:
563:
559:
519:
477:
464:muscle aches
445:
421:
406:
402:
398:
397:
385:azithromycin
373:hand washing
370:
358:inflammation
352:due to poor
335:
325:
323:
295:
193:
192:
154:Hand washing
128:
122:
29:
6174:Peritonitis
5936:Cholestasis
5914:Cholangitis
5857:Gallbladder
5745:Fatty liver
5665:Hematemesis
5647:GI bleeding
5453:Necrotizing
5382:Lymphocytic
5377:Collagenous
5372:Microscopic
5309:Steatorrhea
5210:Enteropathy
5056:Inlet patch
4978:Herpetiform
4963:Esophagitis
4709:Pseudomonas
4457:Haemophilus
4438:Haemophilus
4393:Yersiniosis
4344:Shigellosis
4048:Melioidosis
3857:B. quintana
3853:B. henselae
3800:Brucellosis
3216:L. donovani
3178:L. mexicana
2900:Chang, Jung
2892:Works cited
2480:(1): 3–18.
2457:21 December
2235:17 November
2007:"Dysentery"
1938:17 November
1857:(1): 6–13.
1670:15 November
1596:"dysentery"
1563:"dysentery"
1499:15 November
1458:15 November
1448:"Dysentery"
1415:15 November
1385:"Dysentery"
1361:28 November
1347:"Dysentery"
1159:Raigad Fort
1105:a mausoleum
939:Austregilde
929:Chilperic I
889:diagnostics
877:serological
814:paromomycin
775:amoebicidal
770:intravenous
736:food safety
716:Blood tests
671:, of which
650:dysentery.
644:bacilliform
628:shigellosis
515: 1843
456:rectal pain
412:Hippocrates
377:food safety
332:shigellosis
319:dehydration
296:bloody flux
291:-ən-terr-ee
169:antibiotics
158:food safety
104:Dehydration
43:Other names
18:Bloody flux
6210:Categories
6166:Peritoneal
6144:Incisional
6065:Congenital
6009:Hereditary
5986:Pancreatic
5950:Haemobilia
5623:Hemorrhoid
5601:Anal canal
5539:Infectious
5527:Functional
5362:Ulcerative
5246:Duodenitis
5185:Gastrinoma
4889:cellulitis
4472:H. ducreyi
4459:meningitis
3981:ungrouped:
3674:Flea-borne
3633:Mite-borne
3491:Tick-borne
3297:Giardiasis
3186:L. tropica
3092:caused by
2945:. Bombay:
2794:, p.
2634:Engels A.
2431:2 November
2375:7 February
2345:7 February
2025:Amoebiasis
1901:22 January
1646:required.)
1326:References
1283:Australian
1239:Mao Zedong
1221:Vietnamese
1181:Shaka Zulu
818:iodoquinol
783:antibiotic
726:Prevention
593:Amoebiasis
588:Amoebiasis
572:cytotoxins
393:loperamide
354:sanitation
342:amoebiasis
242:-ən-tər-ee
150:Prevention
144:Stool test
6154:Richter's
6111:Spigelian
6106:Obturator
6096:Umbilical
5929:Ascending
5900:Bile duct
5733:Cirrhosis
5711:Hepatitis
5694:Accessory
5564:Proctitis
5415:Megacolon
5389:Dysentery
5299:Whipple's
5251:Jejunitis
5241:Enteritis
5128:Dyspepsia
5089:Gastritis
5022:Achalasia
4955:Esophagus
4806:infection
4804:Aeromonas
4711:infection
4626:Tularemia
4478:Chancroid
4250:infection
4232:Slow/weak
4146:Pneumonia
4087:Pertussis
3968:Gonorrhea
3621:infection
3274:Trichozoa
3132:T. brucei
2836:(1988) .
2685:(1920) .
2597:bbc.co.uk
2544:bbc.co.uk
2515:King John
2307:0027-8424
2023:(1969). "
1580:31 August
1235:Luo Yixiu
1091:Portobelo
873:Gallipoli
824:Prognosis
781:, and an
760:Treatment
683:Diagnosis
551:cytokines
526:parasitic
522:bacterial
362:intestine
194:Dysentery
176:Frequency
164:Treatment
70:Specialty
38:Dysentery
6221:Diarrhea
6084:Indirect
6079:Inguinal
5813:Pyogenic
5758:Vascular
5534:Diarrhea
5512:Volvulus
5478:Vascular
5417: /
5406: /
5367:Ischemic
5334:Appendix
5224:Duodenum
5094:Atrophic
4968:Candidal
4334:flexneri
4248:Serratia
4062:Glanders
3220:infantum
3146:T. cruzi
3097:protozoa
3094:Excavata
2941:(1984).
2906:(2005).
2683:Sarkar J
2607:27 April
2601:Archived
2554:27 April
2548:Archived
2405:27 April
2369:Archived
2339:Archived
2229:Archived
2202:Archived
2150:26979135
2106:10940275
2035:: 1–52.
1932:Archived
1895:Archived
1782:30046644
1728:28885920
1608:24 April
1549:23991750
1298:See also
1195:Thailand
995:Louis IX
917:Red Army
901:Shigella
839:Shigella
802:Shigella
787:Laudanum
779:parasite
753:Shigella
748:Shigella
708:Cultures
648:Shigella
636:Shigella
632:bacteria
567:Shigella
543:cramping
472:vomiting
448:diarrhea
441:delirium
425:pathogen
399:Shigella
327:Shigella
307:diarrhea
124:Shigella
121:Usually
110:Duration
82:Symptoms
6125:Petit's
6101:Femoral
6004:Chronic
5818:Amoebic
5586:Anismus
5352:Colitis
5279:Coeliac
5256:Ileitis
5228:Jejunum
5081:Stomach
4985:Rupture
4653:Cholera
4599:Q fever
4202:O104:H4
4197:O157:H7
3851:Either
3480:Spotted
3047:D004403
2792:Lü 2009
2743:Volumes
2486:8166962
2178:21 July
2128:Vaccine
2097:1728033
2041:4978968
1871:2664748
1773:6055529
1719:5650106
1540:3758071
1351:who.int
1320:Cholera
1197:in 1943
1189:Allied
1163:Samadhi
1147:Shivaji
1069:Erasmus
1049:: King
947:Guntram
846:History
798:TMP-SMX
742:Vaccine
677:E. coli
673:O157:H7
360:of the
62:Burmese
6119:Lumbar
6089:Direct
6072:Hiatus
6052:Hernia
5904:Other
5670:Melena
5556:Rectum
5039:(GERD)
4375:Plague
4338:boydii
4330:sonnei
3431:Typhus
2962:
2914:
2877:
2852:
2816:
2767:
2722:
2665:
2522:
2484:
2313:
2305:
2260:
2208:9 June
2148:
2104:
2094:
2060:(MeSH)
2039:
1961:
1869:
1836:359524
1834:
1805:
1780:
1770:
1726:
1716:
1568:Lexico
1547:
1537:
1452:nhs.uk
1269:: The
1253:Agadir
1081:: Sir
971:Martel
597:amoeba
555:Anemia
468:nausea
439:, and
304:bloody
184:Deaths
118:Causes
6044:Other
5999:Acute
5750:MASLD
5703:Liver
5677:Lower
5660:Upper
5502:Ileus
5338:Colon
5232:Ileum
5047:(LPR)
4772:HACEK
4552:HACEK
4492:HACEK
4003:HACEK
3482:fever
3036:009.0
3032:007.9
3013:A07.9
3009:A06.0
3005:A03.9
3001:A09.0
2451:(PDF)
2316:27065
1993:(PDF)
1982:(PDF)
1640:
1576:. n.d
1493:(PDF)
1482:(PDF)
1279:Anglo
1257:Smara
1167:Mahad
1113:India
1101:Akbar
1073:Basel
999:Tunis
855:kapok
547:edema
524:, or
502:Cause
496:liver
492:lungs
488:brain
460:fever
452:blood
450:with
437:shock
433:fever
366:colon
350:feces
311:fever
92:fever
5432:SCAD
4318:H2S−
4284:H2S+
4275:Lac−
4127:Lac+
3042:MeSH
3023:9-CM
2960:ISBN
2912:ISBN
2875:ISBN
2850:ISBN
2814:ISBN
2765:ISBN
2720:ISBN
2663:ISBN
2609:2018
2556:2018
2520:ISBN
2482:PMID
2459:2022
2433:2022
2407:2018
2377:2012
2347:2012
2303:ISSN
2258:ISBN
2237:2010
2210:2014
2180:2016
2146:PMID
2102:PMID
2037:PMID
1959:ISBN
1940:2010
1903:2010
1867:PMID
1832:PMID
1803:ISBN
1778:PMID
1724:PMID
1672:2019
1610:2022
1582:2021
1545:PMID
1531:2013
1501:2019
1460:2019
1417:2019
1363:2014
1293:men.
1267:1942
1245:1930
1231:1910
1219:, a
1213:1896
1203:1873
1173:1827
1143:1680
1129:1676
1119:1675
1109:Agra
1097:1605
1079:1596
1065:1536
1047:1422
1037:1376
1019:1322
1009:1307
991:1270
977:1216
963:1183
812:and
734:and
470:and
375:and
289:DISS
240:DISS
5738:PBC
5465:IBD
5399:IBS
4117:OX−
3855:or
3028:004
3019:ICD
2992:ICD
2478:133
2311:PMC
2295:doi
2198:CDC
2136:doi
2092:PMC
2084:doi
2076:Gut
2033:421
2021:WHO
1859:doi
1828:173
1768:PMC
1758:doi
1714:PMC
1704:doi
1700:182
1535:PMC
1486:WHO
1387:at
1107:in
953:685
935:580
925:580
816:or
796:or
710:of
127:or
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