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499:. When reaching the final years of his survey, Booth asked himself this question: "What role can religion play in these conditions?" This question then led to 6 years of him and his team conducting 1,800 interviews focusing on London's religious and secular leaders. With all the information collected Booth and his team created seven volumes called the "Religious Influences" series. The series showed how there was less conflict in the late 19th-century debate over "charity organisation". Booth and his team of investigators discovered how the clergymen, women, and working people enjoyed engaging in the strict allocation of charity. The churchmen had the responsibility of selecting who needed charity. Many believed that overindulgence would lead to corruption. The Booth team were advocates for charity organisations but also believed that to "form character" that it would be beneficial to give little to nothing. The Booth interviews focused more on the money that the churchmen gave to those in poverty and had no current job than the actual influence on the church's "religious influence". Booth believed that the charity the church was giving to the poor was being wasted. Therefore, towards the end of his survey, Booth makes the proposition to abolish church relief work, and that officials would have the responsibility to assist those who would benefit greatly.
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qualitative factors: food, clothing, shelter, and relative deprivation. Booth and his team of researchers visited every street in London to assess each household's class. The household's class was determined by the letters A–H, with A–D constituting want, and E-H representing comfort. Booth's maps colour-coded every street to determine and demonstrate the level of poverty or comfort. The colour-coding was also used to highlight the social conditions of the households on the streets. The objective was to expose to
Victorian society the social evil, which is the problem of poverty. The maps have a strong impact on the poverty debate. Many who analyzed the maps noted how there existed greater concentrations of poverty south of the Thames, compared to the East End Slums. The colour palette of the maps also played a large role in how poverty was viewed. Areas with high concentrations of poverty were given dense and dark colours, while areas that were considered comfortable were given bright colours such as pink, blue, and red. The maps were attempting to demonstrate that the issue of poverty was a manageable problem. The importance of Booth's work in
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658:, and this is where Charles retired to. Before he died he hosted many family gatherings in order to be surrounded by his friends, children and grandchildren. He died on 23 November 1916 of a stroke and was buried in Saint Andrew's churchyard. A memorial dedicated to him stands on Thringstone village green, and a
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references to the impact of Jewish immigration, comparing it to the "slow rising of a flood" and that "no
Gentile could live in the same house with these poor foreign Jews, and even as neighbors they are unpleasant; and, since people of this race, though sometimes quarrelsome amongst themselves, are
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which he described as "limited socialism". Booth suggested that such reforms would help prevent a socialist revolution from occurring in
Britain. Booth was far from tempted by the ideals of socialism, but had sympathy with the working classes and, as part of his investigations, he took lodgings with
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Booth's poverty maps revealed that there is a spatial component to poverty as well as an environmental context of poverty. Before his maps, environmental explanations of poverty mainly interested health professionals; Booth brought environmental issues into an empirical sociological investigation.
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returns he argued that they were unsatisfactory, later being invited to sit on a parliamentary committee in 1891 which suggested improvements that could be made to them. Due to the scale of the survey, results were published serially but it took over fifteen years before the full seventeen volume
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In 2006, Booth also received criticism for his London
Poverty Maps, showing in dark and opaque colours the houses and streets where poor people lived. The palette made the areas appear as cancer or a disease to be eradicated, creating a negative connotation for that community. Nevertheless, the
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Booth used school board visitors—those who undertook to ensure the attendance of children at school—to collect information on the circumstances of families. However, his extrapolation from these findings to families without school-age children was speculative. Moreover, his "definitions" of the
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From 1886 to 1903, while
Charles Booth was conducting his landmark survey on the life and labour of London's poorest inhabitants he created poverty maps to illustrate the conditions of the lives of these people. Booth's maps were based on observations of differences in lifestyle and focused on
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which overcame seasonal fluctuations in water levels. Booth described this as his "monument" (to shipping) when he visited Manaus for the last time in 1912. Booth would write letters to his wife describing the business problems that would rise such as personnel management, decision making, and
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For the purposes of poverty measurement, Booth divided the working population into eight classes, from the poorest to the best off, labeled A–H. These categories summarised economic circumstances but also had a moral dimension, with "A" representing the "feckless, deviant or criminal" groups.
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The London poverty maps survey has been negatively criticised for its methodology: According to
Professor Paul Spicker in 1990 "it is important to note that Charles Booth's studies of poverty are widely misrepresented in the literature of social policy. His work is commonly bracketed with
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Booth is often compared to
Seebohm Rowntree due to their concepts on poverty. Even though Rowntree's work draws upon Booth's investigation, many writers on poverty generally turn their attention towards Rowntree's, because his concept clearly addressed the problem of defining a
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in Brazil. Then in 1866 Charles and Alfred Booth commenced the start of a shipping service between Brazil and Europe named the Booth
Steamship Company. Charles himself went on the first voyage to Brazil on 14 February 1866. He was also involved in the building of a harbor at
352:, Booth embarked on his major survey of London life and labour conditions for which he became famous and commonly regarded as initiating the systematic study of poverty in Britain. Booth was critical of the existing statistical data on poverty. By analyzing
216:"discusses a range of social conditions in which it reported that it appeared people are likely to be poor or on the margins of poverty." Booth is also recognised for influencing the transition of social attitudes from the Victorian Age to the 20th century.
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victory in municipal elections in 1866, his interest in active politics waned. This result changed Booth's attitude, when he concluded that he could contribute more by commissioning social studies, rather than by being a representative in
Parliament.
765:, planned to include Booth's unpublished notebooks, recommended by participants in a 2021 BBC Radio broadcast on his work as vivid narratives of Booth's methods and personal response to his discoveries, but omitted from his formal publications.
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After the first two volumes were published Booth expanded his research. This investigation was carried out by Booth himself with his team of researchers. Nonetheless, Booth continued to oversee his successful shipping business which funded his
378:. Booth then hired numerous researchers to assist with the full study of the whole of London, which investigated the three main topics of poverty, occupations, and religion. Among his researchers were his cousin
778:'s but his methods were quite different. His definition of poverty was explicitly relative; he based the description of poverty on class rather than income. He did not attempt to define need nor to identify
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factory relocation; this laid a foundation for the fundamentals of business ethics. Booth
Shipping Line's biggest rival was R. Singlehurst and Company, but Booth kept calm while managing business affairs.
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prayers. He was captivated by Comte's idea that in the future, scientific industrialists would be in control of the social leadership instead of the church ministers. Booth's work, followed by that of
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edition was published. His work on the study and his concern with the problems of poverty led to an involvement in campaigning for old-age pensions and promoting the decasualisation of labour.
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Due to his investigations on poverty, some honour Charles Booth as one of the founding fathers of social administration, and regard his work crucial when studying social policy.
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Although his attitudes towards poverty might make him seem fairly Left-wing, Booth became more conservative in his views in later life. While some of his investigators, such as
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of poverty. Both Booth and Rowntree were positivists; however, many differences between Booth and Rowntree's methodology existed. While Booth classified people by their
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534:(1869-1877), a survey which looked into levels of work and education in Liverpool. The survey found that 25,000 children in Liverpool were neither in school or work.
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Kimball, Miles A. (October 2006). "London through Rose-Colored Graphics: Visual Rhetoric and Information Graphic Design in Charles Booth's Maps of London Poverty".
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Routledge Revivals: Charles Booth's London (1969): A Portrait of the Poor at the Turn of the Century, Drawn from His "Life and Labour of the People in London"
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for the poorest children. In addition, his research would also demonstrate how poverty was influenced by religion, education, and administration.
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Booth's father died in 1860, bequeathing him control of the family business. He entered the skinning and leather business with his elder brother
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During 1897, Charles Booth had spent a significant amount of money and a decade of his life studying the life conditions of the poor of late
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of 1885, Hyndman stated that 25% of Londoners lived in abject poverty. The survey of life and labour began with a pilot study in
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in Liverpool before being apprenticed in the family business at the age of sixteen. He joined his brother, Alfred Booth, in the
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The reversal of the words in the title of the second volume was due to the original title "Life and Labour" being claimed by
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1603:"Charles Booth's London Poverty Maps: A new book brings vivid life to the ground-breaking survey of Victorian urban living"
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appoints academics to the Charles Booth Chair of Social Sciences and has a collection of his manuscripts and typescript.
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On 19 April 1871, Charles Booth married Mary Macaulay, and the couple settled in London. The niece of the historian
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extremely gregarious and sociable, each small street or group of houses invaded tends to become entirely Jewish".
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Booth became alienated from the dominant, nonconformist business class of Liverpool into which he had been born.
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in nine volumes between 1892 and 1897. A third edition (now expanded to seventeen volumes) appeared in 1902–3.
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but in 1915 returned willingly to work under wartime exigencies despite growing evidence of heart disease.
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After learning the shipping trade, Booth was able to persuade Alfred and his sister Emily to invest in
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Charles and Mary Booth had 7 children, 3 sons, and 4 daughters. His eldest daughter Antonia married
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Brydon, Thomas R. C. (2006). "Charles Booth, Charity Control, and the London Churches, 1897–1903".
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In addition to Booth's influence on the field of sociology, he influenced other academics as well.
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Early in 1912 Booth stood down as chairman of Alfred Booth and Company in favour of his nephew
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establishing offices in Liverpool and New York City with a £20,000 inheritance. In
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212:(1902), which focuses on the statistics he collected regarding poverty in London.
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Deegan, Mary Jo (1988). "W.E.B. Du Bois and the women of hull-house, 1895–1899".
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scaling of the map made it appear that fixing the problem would be manageable.
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can be seen as one of the founding texts of British sociology, drawing on both
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working-class families and recorded his thoughts and findings in his diaries.
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2055:. Routledge research in planning and urban design. New York, NY: Routledge.
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Early innovations in social research: the Poverty Survey of Charles Booth
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Spicker, Paul (May 1990). "Charles Booth: the examination of poverty".
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Booth initially engaged in politics, canvassing unsuccessfully for the
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Englishmen and Jews: Social Relations and Political Culture, 1840-1914
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1797:"Charles Booth, Mapping London's Poverty, 1885–1903. CSISS Classics"
1628:"Deceptive data? The New Survey of London Life and Labour 1928 – 31"
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Charles Booth and poverty mapping in late nineteenth century London
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1432:"Library: Special Collections & Archives: Charles Booth Papers"
386:. This research, which looked at the incidence of pauperism in the
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Charles Booth Papers at Senate House Library, University of London
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regarding poverty in the early 20th century and helped initiate
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1173:"Booth, Charles (1840-1916), shipowner and social investigator"
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During the 1860s Booth became interested in the philosophy of
1483:"Booth Poverty Map & Modern map (Charles Booth's London)"
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in memory of Charles Booth at 6 Grenville Place, London SW7.
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Charles Booth's London: Poverty maps and police notebooks
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Marshall, T. H.; Simey, T. S.; Simey, M. B. (June 1961).
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The Tyranny of Numbers: Why Counting Can't Make Us Happy
175:, the founder of modern sociology, and converted to his
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Gillie, Alan (1996). "The Origin of the Poverty Line".
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Cambridge Working Papers in Economic and Social History
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149:(30 March 1840 – 23 November 1916) was a British
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Booth used his work to argue for the introduction of
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Booth's survey of London life and labour conditions
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5434:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
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1508:"Paul Spicker | UNESCO Inclusive Policy Lab"
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2002:Fifty Key Sociologists: The Formative Theorists
732:'s repeat London survey was inspired by Booth.
1908:Journal of Technical Writing and Communication
1300:"The Light of the World - St Paul's Cathedral"
782:of income on the basis of minimum needs; his "
206:Booth is best known for his multi-volume book
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1458:"In Our Time, Booth's Life and Labour Survey"
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27:British social researcher and philanthropist
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1848:"The Liberal Party and the New Liberalism"
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1862:Fried, Albert; Elman, Richard M. (2017).
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761:keeps his work on an online searchable
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522:(barony then viscountcy) to sit in the
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1135:
954:
917:
735:Booth's work served as an impetus for
2109:Spartacus description of Booth's life
1417:
1393:
1233:
1189:
1147:
1074:
1062:
1041:
7:
5409:19th-century British philanthropists
2118:Middlesex University Business School
1088:"Charles Booth, British sociologist"
794:of household "classes" were general
85:Thringstone, Leicestershire, England
2167:Privy Council of the United Kingdom
646:In 1886, the Booth family moved to
479:in Gold. In 1899 he was elected a
394:in 1889. A second volume, entitled
2034:10.1111/j.1467-9515.1990.tb00322.x
2022:Social Policy & Administration
1899:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1996.tb00589.x
739:(1871 – 1954); he also influenced
25:
2412:Privy Council of Northern Ireland
1945:"Charles Booth, Social Scientist"
1666:(PhD). London School of Economics
1626:Abernethy, Simon (October 2013).
1339:. London: MacMillan. p. 173.
1177:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk
662:has been erected on his house in
179:, affiliated with members of the
5414:English male non-fiction writers
4453:
4442:
4441:
2199:
1846:Freeden, Michael (Summer 2010).
1714:10.1111/j.1540-6563.2006.00156.x
984:Marshall, Simey & Simey 1961
537:In 1904, Booth was sworn of the
2095:Works by or about Charles Booth
1976:Norman-Butler, Belinda (1972).
348:In 1886, influenced earlier by
1377:"UK Data Service › Study"
854:, 3rd ed., (1902–03); 17 vols.
719:Institute of Community Studies
635:, and others married into the
402:", a concept conceived by the
69:Liverpool, Lancashire, England
1:
4518:Biological data visualization
4396:(resigned Feb 2010; replaced
3780:The Lord Monteagle of Brandon
2325:Cabinet of the United Kingdom
2186:Lord President of the Council
1984:. London: Allen & Unwin.
1456:Melvyn Bragg (10 June 2021).
848:, 2nd ed., (1892–97); 9 vols.
838:Labour and Life of the People
832:Life and Labour of the People
589:Dean and Chapter of St Paul's
491:"Religious Influences" series
396:Labour and Life of the People
392:Life and Labour of the People
300:and established a service to
104:Shipowner and social reformer
5439:Fellows of the Royal Society
2376:List of Privy Council orders
1685:. HarperCollins Publishers.
1556:Journal of Political Economy
1282:"The Victorian City (HI371)"
801:Booth's 1902 study included
471:when in 1892 he was elected
366:Social Democratic Federation
5419:English non-fiction writers
1920:10.2190/k561-40p2-5422-ptg2
1886:The Economic History Review
707:Chicago School of sociology
532:Birmingham Education League
481:Fellow of the Royal Society
5465:
4558:Mathematical visualization
4007:Jervoise Athelstane Baines
2493:Jervoise Athelstane Baines
2341:Lord President's Committee
2191:Clerk of the Privy Council
1855:Journal of Liberal History
1552:"Charles Booth, 1840-1916"
1022:London School of Economics
840:, 1st ed., Vol II. (1891).
834:, 1st ed., Vol. I. (1889).
759:London School of Economics
730:Sir Hubert Llewellyn Smith
685:(statistical) methods and
610:, she was a cousin of the
587:, which he donated to the
475:and was awarded its first
341:
4553:Information visualization
4538:Educational visualization
4437:
3768:The Marquess of Lansdowne
3744:The Marquess of Lansdowne
3729:Royal Statistical Society
3332:
3321:
2739:
2728:
2476:
2465:
2407:Privy Council of Scotland
2397:Protector's Privy Council
2215:
2197:
1831:. Yale University Press.
1436:libguides.liverpool.ac.uk
608:Thomas Babington Macaulay
469:Royal Statistical Society
293:, albeit unsuccessfully.
281:Booth campaigned for the
181:London Positivist Society
46:
5399:British social reformers
5394:Academics from Liverpool
4729:Charles-René de Fourcroy
4578:Scientific visualization
4505:of technical information
4019:Francis Ysidro Edgeworth
2499:Francis Ysidro Edgeworth
2417:Privy Council of Ireland
2402:Privy Council of England
2051:Wilson, Matthew (2018).
1868:. Taylor & Francis.
1768:The American Sociologist
1751:. Taylor & Francis.
1748:Encyclopedia of the City
1745:Caves, Roger W. (2005).
1381:beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk
1179:. The National Archives.
1014:"Who was Charles Booth?"
870:Alfred Booth and Company
327:General Election of 1865
275:Alfred Booth and Company
248:Royal Institution School
223:Early life and education
95:St Andrew's, Thringstone
5444:People in public health
5424:English philanthropists
5389:People from Thringstone
3846:William Ewart Gladstone
3612:Omiros Papaspiliopoulos
3337:William Gemmell Cochran
1825:Feldman, David (1994).
1337:Charles Booth, a Memoir
1092:Encyclopedia Britannica
752:University of Liverpool
602:Personal life and death
516:William Ewart Gladstone
511:subsequent offers from
453:Colour key for Booth's
440:Part of Booth's map of
18:Booth Poverty Notebooks
5149:Christopher R. Johnson
4701:Technical illustration
4588:Software visualization
4347:Robert Nicholas Curnow
4113:Henry William Macrosty
4071:The Viscount D'Abernon
3983:Sir Francis Powell, Bt
3977:Patrick George Craigie
3828:Sir John Pakington, Bt
3128:Robert Nicholas Curnow
2239:By year of appointment
1812:Cite journal requires
1795:Fearon, David (2002).
1601:Anon. (January 2020).
1550:Abbott, Edith (1917).
1160:Fried & Elman 2017
1124:Fried & Elman 2017
1018:Charles Booth's London
796:descriptive categories
689:methods (particularly
583:The Light of The World
572:
467:was recognised by the
459:
445:
231:
5043:Lawrence J. Rosenblum
4856:Edward Walter Maunder
4780:Charles Joseph Minard
4598:User interface design
4573:Product visualization
4245:George Alfred Barnard
4149:Sir Geoffrey Heyworth
4001:Sir Charles Dilke, Bt
3942:Alfred Edmund Bateman
3912:Thomas Graham Balfour
3750:Sir Charles Lemon, Bt
2346:Court of Star Chamber
2061:10.4324/9781315449128
1980:Victorian Aspirations
1679:Boyle, David (2014).
1657:Bales, Kevin (1994).
1430:Fitton, Joanne (nd).
1324:www.burkespeerage.com
935:Spartacus Educational
709:(notably the work of
567:
554:1906 General Election
451:
439:
230:
5323:Scientific modelling
5298:Information graphics
5038:Clifford A. Pickover
4988:William S. Cleveland
4896:Henry Norris Russell
4881:Howard G. Funkhouser
4825:Florence Nightingale
4790:Francis Amasa Walker
4686:Statistical graphics
4608:Volume visualization
4583:Social visualization
4155:Austin Bradford Hill
4031:Lord George Hamilton
4013:Lord George Hamilton
3936:John Biddulph Martin
3810:The Earl of Harrowby
3804:The Earl FitzWilliam
3792:The Earl of Harrowby
3786:The Earl FitzWilliam
3756:The Earl FitzWilliam
3212:Michael Titterington
2381:Privy Council Office
1999:Scott, John (2007).
1949:The Economic Journal
1637:(16). Archived from
1335:Booth, Mary (1918).
717:associated with the
518:of elevation to the
364:, the leader of the
177:Religion of Humanity
37:The Right Honourable
5303:Information science
5266:in computer science
5058:Sheelagh Carpendale
4993:George G. Robertson
4830:Karl Wilhelm Pohlke
4765:André-Michel Guerry
4641:Graph of a function
4636:Engineering drawing
4423:David Spiegelhalter
4131:Ernest Charles Snow
3876:George Shaw-Lefevre
3834:William Henry Sykes
3618:Nicolai Meinshausen
3457:David Spiegelhalter
3140:David Spiegelhalter
2894:Ernest Charles Snow
2709:David Spiegelhalter
1366:, pp. 301–311.
1248:, pp. 489–518.
1219:, pp. 353–381.
1138:, pp. 715–730.
957:, pp. 195–200.
577:William Holman Hunt
526:. Booth engaged in
432:London poverty maps
404:London School Board
147:Charles James Booth
5343:Volume cartography
5107:Early 21st century
5003:Catherine Plaisant
4998:Bruce H. McCormick
4952:Mary Eleanor Spear
4942:Arthur H. Robinson
4876:Arthur Lyon Bowley
4849:Early 20th century
4696:Technical drawings
4568:Molecular graphics
4543:Flow visualization
4533:Data visualization
4197:Joseph Oscar Irwin
4107:Arthur Lyon Bowley
3989:The Earl of Onslow
3798:The Lord Overstone
2750:Augustus Sauerbeck
2517:T. H. C. Stevenson
2505:Patrick G. Craigie
1780:10.1007/BF02691827
1270:www.britannica.com
1112:Norman-Butler 1972
780:subsistence levels
743:(1858 – 1943) and
633:Malcolm Macnaghten
596:Alfred Allen Booth
573:
550:Liberal Government
528:Joseph Chamberlain
460:
446:
412:philanthropic work
388:East End of London
331:Conservative Party
273:, and they set up
246:. He attended the
232:
5429:English reformers
5361:
5360:
5338:Visual perception
5288:Graphic organizer
5261:Computer graphics
5232:
5231:
5214:Martin Wattenberg
5189:Hanspeter Pfister
5144:Martin Krzywinski
5068:Jock D. Mackinlay
5048:Thomas A. DeFanti
4971:Late 20th century
4891:Ejnar Hertzsprung
4593:Technical drawing
4469:
4468:
4394:Bernard Silverman
4335:D. J. Bartholomew
4203:Sir Paul Chambers
4125:William Beveridge
4041:Registrar General
3918:Frederic J. Mouat
3840:The Lord Houghton
3822:Lord John Russell
3691:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3564:Geert Molenberghs
3523:J. N. S. Matthews
3517:Iain M. Johnstone
3511:R. F. A. Poultney
3451:Bernard Silverman
3391:D. J. Bartholomew
3327:Bronze medallists
3317:
3316:
3236:Iain M. Johnstone
3230:Sylvia Richardson
3152:Steffen Lauritzen
2734:Silver medallists
2724:
2723:
2425:
2424:
2354:
2353:
2301:the Privy Council
2294:
2293:
2070:978-1-315-44912-8
2012:978-1-134-26218-2
1875:978-1-351-98157-6
1838:978-0-300-05501-6
1758:978-0-415-25225-6
1692:978-0-00-737289-8
1523:, pp. 21–38.
1420:, pp. 16–17.
1126:, p. xxviii.
1044:, pp. 14–15.
816:subsistence level
715:community studies
693:). It influenced
674:Impact and legacy
465:social statistics
371:Pall Mall Gazette
201:free school meals
193:government policy
162:social researcher
144:
143:
16:(Redirected from
5456:
5348:Volume rendering
5333:Visual analytics
5328:Spatial analysis
5308:Misleading graph
5159:David McCandless
5134:Gordon Kindlmann
5098:Alfred Inselberg
5093:Leland Wilkinson
5028:Michael Friendly
4962:Howard T. Fisher
4925:Mid 20th century
4866:W. E. B. Du Bois
4770:William Playfair
4760:Adolphe Quetelet
4734:Joseph Priestley
4717:Pre-19th century
4714:
4681:Skeletal formula
4548:Geovisualization
4523:Chemical imaging
4496:
4489:
4482:
4473:
4457:
4456:
4445:
4444:
4353:Denise Lievesley
4239:Bernard Benjamin
4227:Arthur Cockfield
4209:L. H. C. Tippett
4137:The Lord Woolton
4083:Sir Josiah Stamp
3960:The Lord Avebury
3948:Leonard Courtney
3900:Rawson W. Rawson
3852:William Newmarch
3718:
3711:
3704:
3695:
3630:Piotr Fryzlewicz
3624:Richard Samworth
3588:Matthew Stephens
3323:
3164:Harvey Goldstein
2996:George E. P. Box
2954:L. H. C. Tippett
2936:F. A. A. Menzler
2906:E. C. Ramsbottom
2780:Thomas A. Welton
2774:Richard Crawford
2730:
2703:Stephen Buckland
2643:George E. P. Box
2625:Bernard Benjamin
2547:A. Bradford Hill
2467:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2429:
2371:Order of Council
2366:Order in Council
2305:
2213:
2203:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2137:
2099:Internet Archive
2074:
2053:Moralising Space
2047:
2045:
2016:
1995:
1983:
1972:
1939:
1902:
1879:
1858:
1852:
1842:
1821:
1815:
1810:
1808:
1800:
1791:
1762:
1741:
1696:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1665:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1643:
1632:
1622:
1597:
1571:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
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1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1479:
1473:
1472:
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1468:
1453:
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1444:
1442:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
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1384:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1347:
1341:
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1332:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1296:
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1278:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1255:
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1237:
1231:
1220:
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1205:
1199:
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1187:
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1169:
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1133:
1127:
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1098:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1045:
1039:
1033:
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1030:
1028:
1010:
987:
981:
975:
969:
958:
952:
946:
945:
943:
941:
927:
921:
915:
898:
891:
820:source of income
737:Seebohm Rowntree
721:in East London.
703:W. E. B. Du Bois
664:South Kensington
648:Grace Dieu Manor
612:Fabian socialist
575:Booth purchased
497:Victorian London
425:Old Age Pensions
329:. Following the
197:Old Age pensions
189:Seebohm Rowntree
111:
81:
78:23 November 1916
65:
63:
51:
32:
21:
5464:
5463:
5459:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5364:
5363:
5362:
5357:
5353:Information art
5293:Imaging science
5238:
5228:
5209:Fernanda Viégas
5204:Moritz Stefaner
5129:Jessica Hullman
5102:
5073:Alan MacEachren
5023:Ben Shneiderman
4966:
4920:
4844:
4743:
4705:
4618:
4612:
4563:Medical imaging
4506:
4500:
4470:
4465:
4433:
4357:
4281:Sir Claus Moser
4269:Stella Cunliffe
4191:Maurice Kendall
4167:The Lord Piercy
4101:The Lord Kennet
4095:Major Greenwood
4089:The Lord Meston
4077:A. William Flux
4059:The Lord Emmott
3964:
3930:The Lord Farrer
3762:Viscount Sandon
3731:
3722:
3692:
3683:
3672:Pierre E. Jacob
3445:Peter McCullagh
3409:P. L. Goldsmith
3397:G. N. Wilkinson
3328:
3313:
3266:Anthony Davison
3206:Peter McCullagh
3146:B. W. Silverman
2864:A. William Flux
2852:J. S. Nicholson
2822:Edward Brabrook
2816:N. A. Humphreys
2735:
2720:
2565:Harold Jeffreys
2535:Major Greenwood
2523:A. William Flux
2472:
2471:Gold medallists
2461:
2456:
2426:
2421:
2385:
2350:
2329:
2300:
2290:
2234:
2204:
2195:
2181:King-in-Council
2169:
2164:
2126:
2124:Further reading
2082:
2077:
2071:
2050:
2019:
2013:
1998:
1992:
1975:
1961:10.2307/2228788
1942:
1905:
1893:(4): 715–730 .
1882:
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1811:
1801:
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1759:
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1669:
1667:
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1656:
1647:
1645:
1644:on 20 July 2020
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1358:
1350:Plaque #514 on
1348:
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1334:
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1024:
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982:
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939:
937:
931:"Charles Booth"
929:
928:
924:
916:
912:
907:
902:
901:
892:
888:
883:
878:
861:
828:
771:
747:(1860 – 1925).
745:Helen Bosanquet
676:
668:Grenville Place
604:
562:
505:
493:
458:
434:
380:Beatrice Potter
346:
340:
338:Social research
267:
225:
214:Life and Labour
109:
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5359:
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5355:
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5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5318:Patent drawing
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5283:Graphic design
5280:
5275:
5270:
5269:
5268:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5242:
5240:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5224:Hadley Wickham
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5179:Tamara Munzner
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5078:David Goodsell
5075:
5070:
5065:
5063:Cynthia Brewer
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4959:
4957:Edgar Anderson
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4932:Jacques Bertin
4928:
4926:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4886:John B. Peddle
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4852:
4850:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4842:
4840:Francis Galton
4837:
4835:Toussaint Loua
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4815:Georg von Mayr
4812:
4807:
4805:Matthew Sankey
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4751:
4749:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4720:
4718:
4711:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4671:Sankey diagram
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4622:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4603:Visual culture
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
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4550:
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4491:
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4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4451:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4411:John Pullinger
4407:
4401:
4400:by David Hand)
4390:
4384:
4378:
4372:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4349:
4343:
4337:
4331:
4329:T. M. F. Smith
4325:
4323:Peter G. Moore
4319:
4313:
4307:
4301:
4295:
4293:Peter Armitage
4289:
4283:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4259:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4235:
4233:R. G. D. Allen
4229:
4223:
4217:
4215:M. S. Bartlett
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4163:
4157:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4133:
4127:
4121:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4073:
4067:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4047:Herbert Samuel
4043:
4037:Bernard Mallet
4033:
4027:
4025:The Lord Welby
4021:
4015:
4009:
4003:
3997:
3995:Richard Martin
3991:
3985:
3979:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3956:
3950:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3926:
3920:
3914:
3908:
3906:George Goschen
3902:
3896:
3890:
3884:
3882:Thomas Brassey
3878:
3872:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3818:
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3663:
3657:
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3645:
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3627:
3621:
3615:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3594:Paul Fearnhead
3591:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3541:P. W. F. Smith
3538:
3532:
3529:Gareth Roberts
3526:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3427:T. M. F. Smith
3424:
3418:
3415:A. F. M. Smith
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3373:Robin Plackett
3370:
3364:
3358:
3355:Peter Armitage
3352:
3346:
3340:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3308:Paul Fearnhead
3305:
3299:
3293:
3287:
3284:Peter Bühlmann
3281:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3227:
3224:Gareth Roberts
3221:
3215:
3209:
3203:
3200:Peter Donnelly
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3134:A. F. M. Smith
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3104:John Aitchison
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3041:
3038:Peter Armitage
3035:
3029:
3023:
3020:Robin Plackett
3017:
3014:Dennis Lindley
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2990:P. V. Sukhatme
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2942:M. S. Bartlett
2939:
2933:
2927:
2921:
2915:
2909:
2903:
2897:
2891:
2885:
2879:
2873:
2870:H. W. Macrosty
2867:
2861:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2762:F. J. Atkinson
2759:
2753:
2747:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2661:Dennis Lindley
2658:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2637:Peter Armitage
2634:
2631:Robin Plackett
2628:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2583:M. S. Bartlett
2580:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2459:Guy Medallists
2457:
2455:
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2432:
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2335:
2331:
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2328:
2327:
2322:
2320:Board of Trade
2317:
2311:
2309:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
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2198:
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2183:
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2171:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2155:
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2140:
2134:
2133:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2092:
2081:
2080:External links
2078:
2076:
2075:
2069:
2048:
2017:
2011:
1996:
1990:
1973:
1940:
1914:(4): 353–381.
1903:
1880:
1874:
1859:
1843:
1837:
1822:
1814:|journal=
1792:
1774:(4): 301–311.
1763:
1757:
1742:
1708:(3): 489–518.
1697:
1691:
1676:
1654:
1623:
1598:
1569:10.1086/252946
1562:(2): 195–200.
1546:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1535:, p. 166.
1525:
1513:
1499:
1474:
1448:
1422:
1410:
1406:Abernethy 2013
1398:
1386:
1368:
1356:
1342:
1327:
1316:
1291:
1273:
1262:
1250:
1238:
1221:
1206:
1194:
1182:
1164:
1162:, p. 341.
1152:
1150:, p. 116.
1140:
1128:
1116:
1114:, p. 177.
1104:
1079:
1067:
1046:
1034:
988:
986:, p. 421.
976:
959:
947:
922:
909:
908:
906:
903:
900:
899:
885:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
873:
872:
867:
865:Booth baronets
860:
857:
856:
855:
849:
841:
835:
827:
826:Selected works
824:
792:poverty levels
770:
767:
711:Robert E. Park
675:
672:
656:Leicestershire
603:
600:
561:
558:
524:House of Lords
504:
501:
492:
489:
452:
433:
430:
342:Main article:
339:
336:
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122:
118:
117:
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106:
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102:
98:
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92:
88:
87:
84:
82:(aged 76)
76:
72:
71:
68:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
40:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
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3:
2:
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5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5278:Graph drawing
5276:
5274:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
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5235:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5199:Claudio Silva
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5164:Mauro Martino
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
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5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5105:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5088:Michael Maltz
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5053:George Furnas
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5033:Howard Wainer
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
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4979:
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4969:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4937:Rudolf Modley
4935:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4901:Max O. Lorenz
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
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4872:
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4859:
4857:
4854:
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4851:
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4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4810:Charles Booth
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4785:Luigi Perozzo
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4775:August Kekulé
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4755:Charles Dupin
4753:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4740:
4739:Gaspard Monge
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4724:Edmond Halley
4722:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4712:
4708:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
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4682:
4679:
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4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
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4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4528:Crime mapping
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4509:
4504:
4503:Visualization
4497:
4492:
4490:
4485:
4483:
4478:
4477:
4474:
4462:
4461:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4440:
4439:
4436:
4430:
4429:Deborah Ashby
4426:
4424:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4406:
4405:Valerie Isham
4402:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4377:
4373:
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4367:
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4332:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4318:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4299:Walter Bodmer
4296:
4294:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4264:
4263:Henry Daniels
4260:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4251:Harold Wilson
4248:
4246:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4180:
4179:Harry Campion
4176:
4174:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4162:
4161:Ronald Fisher
4158:
4156:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4140:
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4128:
4126:
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4014:
4010:
4008:
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3996:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3984:
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3978:
3974:
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3967:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3925:
3924:Charles Booth
3921:
3919:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3895:
3894:Robert Giffen
3891:
3889:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3871:
3870:James Heywood
3867:
3865:
3861:
3859:
3855:
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3849:
3847:
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3714:
3712:
3707:
3705:
3700:
3699:
3696:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3666:Rachel McCrea
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
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3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3505:Jonathan Tawn
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3493:M. G. Kenward
3491:
3488:
3487:Valerie Isham
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3403:A. F. Bissell
3401:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3349:W. J. Jennett
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3324:
3320:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3296:Arnaud Doucet
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3278:Neil Shephard
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
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3207:
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3159:
3156:
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3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3116:David Clayton
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:J. C. Gittins
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3044:Michael Healy
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3008:Peter Whittle
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2978:E. C. Fieller
2976:
2973:
2972:G. A. Barnard
2970:
2967:
2966:Henry Daniels
2964:
2961:
2960:D. G. Kendall
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2930:Harry Campion
2928:
2925:
2924:M. G. Kendall
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2900:R. G. Hawtrey
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2876:Ethel Newbold
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2846:S. J. Chapman
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
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2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2731:
2727:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2691:Bradley Efron
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2655:Michael Healy
2653:
2650:
2649:Peter Whittle
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2619:Henry Daniels
2617:
2614:
2613:D. G. Kendall
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2601:G. A. Barnard
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2589:Harald Cramér
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2577:M. G. Kendall
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2553:E. S. Pearson
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2487:Robert Giffen
2485:
2482:
2481:Charles Booth
2479:
2478:
2475:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2448:
2446:
2441:
2439:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2418:
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2413:
2410:
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2400:
2398:
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2379:
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2357:
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2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2299:Committees of
2297:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2154:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:. Routledge.
2004:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1991:9780049230590
1987:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1819:
1806:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1702:The Historian
1698:
1694:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1677:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1640:
1636:
1629:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1437:
1433:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1305:
1304:Stpauls.co.uk
1301:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1286:warwick.ac.uk
1283:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1260:, p. 15.
1259:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1236:, p. 16.
1235:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1077:, p. 31.
1076:
1071:
1068:
1065:, p. 15.
1064:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
989:
985:
980:
977:
973:
968:
966:
964:
960:
956:
951:
948:
936:
932:
926:
923:
919:
914:
911:
904:
896:
895:Samuel Smiles
890:
887:
880:
875:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
858:
853:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:
825:
823:
821:
817:
811:
807:
804:
799:
797:
793:
787:
785:
781:
777:
768:
766:
764:
760:
755:
753:
748:
746:
742:
741:Beatrice Webb
738:
733:
731:
726:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
673:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
638:
634:
631:
628:
623:
621:
617:
616:Beatrice Webb
613:
609:
601:
599:
597:
592:
590:
586:
585:
584:
578:
570:
566:
559:
557:
555:
551:
547:
546:Beatrice Webb
542:
540:
539:Privy Council
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
514:
510:
502:
500:
498:
490:
488:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
456:
450:
443:
438:
431:
429:
426:
421:
419:
418:
413:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:Tower Hamlets
373:
372:
367:
363:
362:Henry Hyndman
358:
355:
351:
345:
337:
335:
332:
328:
324:
323:Liberal Party
319:
316:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
264:
262:
259:
257:
256:shipping line
253:
252:leather trade
249:
245:
241:
237:
229:
222:
220:
217:
215:
211:
210:
204:
202:
198:
194:
191:, influenced
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
173:Auguste Comte
169:
167:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
140:
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
119:
116:
113:
107:
103:
101:Occupation(s)
99:
96:
93:
91:Resting place
89:
77:
73:
66:30 March 1840
58:
54:
50:
45:
41:Charles Booth
38:
33:
30:
19:
5404:Packet trade
5313:Neuroimaging
5273:CPK coloring
5256:Color coding
5194:Hans Rosling
5174:Miriah Meyer
5139:Aaron Koblin
5124:Jeffrey Heer
5018:Edward Tufte
5013:Pat Hanrahan
4983:Nigel Holmes
4861:Otto Neurath
4809:
4800:Oliver Byrne
4748:19th century
4458:
4446:
4417:Peter Diggle
4397:
4362:21st century
4341:Adrian Smith
4317:John Kingman
4311:James Durbin
4257:D. J. Finney
4173:Egon Pearson
4053:R. Henry Rew
3969:20th century
3954:Henry Fowler
3923:
3858:William Farr
3816:Lord Stanley
3736:19th century
3660:Jonas Peters
3648:Yingying Fan
3606:Chris Holmes
3600:Fiona Steele
3582:Steve Brooks
3552:J. Wakefield
3463:D. F. Hendry
3439:S. J. Pocock
3421:Philip Dawid
3361:James Durbin
3343:R. F. George
3290:Susan Murphy
3260:Jianqing Fan
3254:Brian Ripley
3194:Kanti Mardia
3182:Philip Dawid
3176:Walter Gilks
3158:Peter Diggle
3092:Richard Peto
3068:Julian Besag
3056:John Kingman
3026:James Durbin
2798:D. A. Thomas
2786:R. H. Hooker
2756:A. L. Bowley
2697:Adrian Smith
2685:John Kingman
2673:James Durbin
2571:Jerzy Neyman
2541:R. A. Fisher
2529:A. L. Bowley
2511:G. Udny Yule
2286:2022–present
2052:
2028:(1): 21–38.
2025:
2021:
2001:
1979:
1955:(282): 421.
1952:
1948:
1911:
1907:
1890:
1884:
1864:
1854:
1827:
1805:cite journal
1771:
1767:
1747:
1705:
1701:
1681:
1668:. Retrieved
1659:
1646:. Retrieved
1639:the original
1634:
1610:
1607:Geographical
1606:
1559:
1555:
1533:Feldman 1994
1528:
1521:Spicker 1990
1516:
1502:
1490:. Retrieved
1486:
1477:
1465:. Retrieved
1461:
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1435:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1359:
1352:Open Plaques
1351:
1345:
1336:
1330:
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1265:
1258:Freeden 2010
1253:
1241:
1217:Kimball 2006
1197:
1185:
1176:
1167:
1155:
1143:
1131:
1119:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1091:
1082:
1070:
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1017:
979:
972:Spicker 1990
950:
938:. Retrieved
934:
925:
913:
889:
851:
843:
837:
831:
812:
808:
800:
788:
784:poverty line
772:
756:
749:
734:
727:
723:
683:quantitative
678:
677:
645:
624:
614:and author,
605:
593:
582:
580:
579:'s painting
574:
543:
536:
506:
494:
485:
461:
422:
415:
408:
400:poverty line
395:
391:
384:Clara Collet
369:
359:
347:
320:
295:
268:
260:
233:
218:
213:
207:
205:
183:, and wrote
170:
146:
145:
125:
114:
110:Notable work
80:(1916-11-23)
29:
5379:1916 deaths
5374:1840 births
5246:Cartography
5184:Ade Olufeko
5154:Manuel Lima
5083:Kwan-Liu Ma
5008:Stuart Card
4978:Borden Dent
4916:Erwin Raisz
4871:Henry Gantt
4376:Andy Grieve
4370:Peter Green
4305:John Nelder
4221:Frank Yates
4185:Hugh Beaver
4143:David Heron
4119:Hector Leak
3888:James Caird
3864:William Guy
3774:Lord Ashley
3576:Nicola Best
3499:C. Jennison
3475:S. C. Darby
3469:Peter Green
3385:P. G. Moore
3248:David Firth
3218:Howell Tong
3170:Peter Green
3122:R. L. Smith
3110:F. P. Kelly
3086:W. Pridmore
3032:John Nelder
2948:J. O. Irwin
2912:L. Isserlis
2888:J. H. Jones
2882:H. E. Soper
2858:J. C. Stamp
2834:R. Dudfield
2744:John Glover
2667:John Nelder
2559:Frank Yates
1462:BBC Radio 4
1364:Deegan 1988
1246:Brydon 2006
1202:Fearon 2002
1136:Gillie 1996
1097:25 February
955:Abbott 1917
918:Wilson 2018
803:antisemitic
713:), and the
701:reformers,
695:Jane Addams
691:ethnography
687:qualitative
660:blue plaque
652:Thringstone
641:Gore Browne
569:Blue plaque
455:poverty map
442:Whitechapel
5368:Categories
5169:John Maeda
4947:John Tukey
4911:Harry Beck
4906:Fritz Kahn
4656:Photograph
4421:2017–2018
4415:2014–2016
4409:2013–2014
4403:2011–2012
4392:2010–2010
4388:David Hand
4386:2008–2009
4380:2005–2007
4374:2003–2005
4368:2001–2003
4351:1999–2001
4345:1997–1999
4339:1995–1997
4333:1993–1995
4327:1991–1993
4321:1989–1991
4315:1987–1989
4309:1986–1987
4303:1985–1986
4297:1984–1985
4291:1982–1984
4285:1980–1982
4279:1978–1980
4275:Henry Wynn
4273:1977–1978
4267:1975–1977
4261:1974–1975
4255:1973–1974
4249:1972–1973
4243:1971–1972
4237:1970–1971
4231:1969–1970
4225:1968–1969
4219:1967–1968
4213:1966–1967
4207:1965–1966
4201:1964–1965
4195:1962–1964
4189:1960–1962
4183:1959–1960
4177:1957–1959
4171:1955–1957
4165:1954–1955
4159:1952–1954
4153:1950–1952
4147:1949–1950
4141:1947–1949
4135:1945–1947
4129:1943–1945
4123:1941–1943
4111:1940–1941
4105:1938–1940
4099:1936–1938
4093:1934–1936
4087:1932–1934
4081:1930–1932
4075:1928–1930
4069:1926–1928
4063:1924–1926
4057:1922–1924
4051:1920–1922
4045:1918–1920
4035:1916–1918
4029:1915–1916
4023:1914–1915
4017:1912–1914
4011:1910–1912
4005:1909–1910
3999:1907–1909
3993:1906–1907
3987:1905–1906
3981:1904–1905
3975:1902–1904
3958:1900–1902
3952:1899–1900
3946:1897–1899
3934:1896–1897
3928:1894–1896
3922:1892–1894
3916:1890–1892
3910:1888–1890
3904:1886–1888
3898:1884–1886
3892:1882–1884
3886:1880–1882
3880:1879–1880
3874:1877–1879
3868:1875–1877
3862:1873–1875
3856:1871–1873
3850:1869–1871
3844:1867–1869
3838:1865–1867
3832:1863–1865
3826:1861–1863
3820:1859–1861
3814:1857–1859
3808:1855–1857
3802:1853–1855
3796:1851–1853
3790:1849–1851
3784:1847–1849
3778:1845–1847
3772:1843–1845
3766:1842–1843
3760:1840–1842
3754:1838–1840
3748:1836–1838
3742:1834–1836
3725:Presidents
3678:Rajan Shah
3570:Peter Lynn
3546:J. Forster
3481:S. M. Gore
3379:M. C. Pike
3367:F. Downton
3302:Håvard Rue
3272:Nancy Reid
3242:P. G. Hall
3188:David Hand
3098:John Copas
3080:A. Bissell
3062:Henry Wynn
2828:G. H. Wood
2810:W. H. Shaw
2792:Yves Guyot
2768:C. S. Loch
2715:Nancy Reid
2334:Historical
2209:Membership
2130:Jacob Riis
1619:A618950279
1467:25 January
1441:25 January
1418:Scott 2007
1394:Bales 1994
1234:Scott 2007
1190:Anon. 2020
1148:Boyle 2014
1075:Caves 2005
1063:Scott 2007
1042:Scott 2007
876:References
769:Criticisms
699:Hull House
697:and other
643:families.
560:Later life
350:positivism
298:steamships
240:Lancashire
185:positivist
158:positivist
62:1840-03-30
5251:Chartjunk
5219:Bang Wong
5114:Polo Chau
4820:John Snow
4795:John Venn
4676:Schematic
4661:Pictogram
4287:David Cox
4065:Udny Yule
3654:Peng Ding
3642:Jinchi Lv
3636:Ming Yuan
3558:Guy Nason
3433:A. J. Fox
3002:C. R. Rao
2984:D. R. Cox
2840:S. Rowson
2804:R. H. Rew
2679:C. R. Rao
2607:Roy Allen
2595:David Cox
2281:1952–2022
2276:1936–1952
2271:1910–1936
2266:1901–1910
2261:1837–1901
2256:1820–1837
2251:1714–1820
2246:1679–1714
2174:Positions
2043:10059/881
1936:145634256
1928:0047-2816
1788:145330710
1738:145609002
1722:0018-2370
1670:9 October
1594:153349062
1578:0022-3808
1492:5 January
1309:5 January
1027:5 January
905:Citations
591:in 1908.
477:Guy Medal
473:President
291:Liverpool
244:Unitarian
236:Liverpool
151:shipowner
139:Guy Medal
5237:Related
4646:Ideogram
4448:Category
4382:Tim Holt
3535:D. Firth
3050:M. Stone
2390:See also
1730:24454245
859:See also
776:Rowntree
763:database
509:declined
503:Politics
306:Maranhão
283:Liberals
234:Born at
166:reformer
129:Macaulay
5119:Ben Fry
4631:Diagram
4398:pro tem
3727:of the
2918:H. Leak
2308:Current
2220:Current
2097:at the
1969:2228788
1648:20 July
1586:1819721
1543:Sources
940:3 March
637:Ritchie
627:the Hon
520:peerage
325:in the
287:Toxteth
164:, and
155:Comtean
5239:topics
4710:People
4617:Image
4511:Fields
4427:2019–
3680:(2022)
3674:(2021)
3668:(2020)
3662:(2019)
3656:(2018)
3650:(2017)
3644:(2015)
3638:(2014)
3632:(2013)
3626:(2012)
3620:(2011)
3614:(2010)
3608:(2009)
3602:(2008)
3596:(2007)
3590:(2006)
3584:(2005)
3578:(2004)
3572:(2003)
3566:(2002)
3560:(2001)
3554:(2000)
3548:(1999)
3537:(1998)
3531:(1997)
3525:(1996)
3519:(1995)
3513:(1994)
3507:(1993)
3501:(1992)
3495:(1991)
3489:(1990)
3483:(1989)
3477:(1988)
3471:(1987)
3465:(1986)
3459:(1985)
3453:(1984)
3447:(1983)
3441:(1982)
3435:(1980)
3429:(1979)
3423:(1978)
3417:(1977)
3411:(1976)
3405:(1975)
3399:(1974)
3393:(1971)
3387:(1970)
3381:(1969)
3375:(1968)
3369:(1967)
3363:(1966)
3357:(1962)
3351:(1949)
3345:(1938)
3339:(1936)
3310:(2022)
3304:(2021)
3298:(2020)
3292:(2019)
3286:(2018)
3280:(2017)
3274:(2016)
3268:(2015)
3262:(2014)
3256:(2013)
3250:(2012)
3244:(2011)
3238:(2010)
3232:(2009)
3226:(2008)
3220:(2007)
3214:(2006)
3208:(2005)
3202:(2004)
3196:(2003)
3190:(2002)
3184:(2001)
3178:(2000)
3172:(1999)
3166:(1998)
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2230:Senior
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271:Alfred
265:Career
135:Awards
121:Spouse
4691:Table
4626:Chart
4619:types
4117:1941
3940:1897
2359:Other
2225:Royal
1965:JSTOR
1932:S2CID
1857:(67).
1851:(PDF)
1784:S2CID
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1726:JSTOR
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881:Notes
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310:Ceará
124:Mary
4666:Plot
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2065:ISBN
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757:The
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302:Pará
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75:Died
56:Born
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