403:
overwinter under the snow until they emerge the following spring and molt. The adult butterflies are small with a fuzzy, dark brown to black body and brown-black antennae. The males and females are differentiated by the females wings being slightly lighter in color than the males. Their wingspan is approximately 1 inch wide and their wings are multi-colored containing distinct patterns of tan, orange, brown, and black with a distinct triangular shape emerging on the dorsal and ventral wing. As adult butterflies, the
Uncompahgre fritillaries are only in flight for a few weeks during the summer season, emerging following the snow melt at these high elevation mountain peak. They can be seen on wing starting in late-June to early-July and are considered weak fliers that require full sunlight with little to no wind in order to fly and are considered a
42:
390:
356:
282:
86:
61:
506:
livestock on these particular slopes, rerouted hiking trails, and installed signage regarding the status of this species at the trailheads of these popular hiking locations. The specialist habitat requirements and small distribution of the
Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly make it a useful indicator
402:
Female adult butterflies lay their eggs individually on snow willow stems and leaves around the middle of July and they don't hatch until numerous weeks later. The eggs are tan in color and once hatched, the larvae will then feed on snow willow leaves throughout their biennial life cycle and
511:
could have on alpine ecosystem health and structure. Efforts to preserve this species continue to prevent illegal collection and monitor population numbers, habitat quality, and environmental pressures that future populations could encounter.
741:
Gall, L.F. 1983. Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly. Pages 477—479 in The IUCN Invertebrate Red Data Book. S.M. Wells, R.M. Pyle, N.M. Collins, eds. International Union for
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland. 632
346:
environments above tree-line (3800-4200m above sea level) that are northeast facing sloped meadows containing moderate amounts of moisture throughout the year, mostly from winter snowpack and rainfall during monsoon seasons.
565:
Gall, L.F., and F.A.H. Sperling. 1980. A new high altitude species of
Boloria from southwestern Colorado (Nymphalidae), with a discussion of phonetics and hierarchical decisions. J. Lepidopterists's Soc.
482:
and the recovery plan prioritizes actions to better understand the reasons for their low population estimates and to prevent this species from extinction. Their public locations at
502:
to estimate changes in population sizes, as well as to understand more about this species' habitat. Management efforts carried out by these agencies have restricted
924:
656:
Alexander, K.D. and A.G. Keck. 2018. Uncompahgre
Fritillary Butterfly Monitoring, Inventory, and Mapping: 2017 Report and Status. 28 pages.
439:
but the small numbers detected at each of these locations remain inadequate for delisting. Predicted threats to this species and alpine tundra ecosystems include:
462:
species can still occur but the sensitive species of plants, insects, and animals found within these ecosystems might not have the ability to adapt to changes in
305:. Since their discovery, small populations of Uncompahgre fritillaries have been discovered at 9 other locations within this region and are monitored annually.
1009:
898:
937:
479:
1024:
301:
in parts of
Gunnison County, Hinsdale County, and Chaffee County of southwestern Colorado, USA and has one of the smallest known ranges of all
1014:
556:
Scott, J.A. 1986. The butterflies of North
America - A natural history and field guide. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, USA. 583 pp.
521:
302:
267:
373:
regarding their larval food plant and egg-laying site. They can be found in habitats containing patches of their host plant, snow willow
963:
1004:
942:
830:
495:
41:
547:) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation. Western Slope Office, Colorado Ecological Services, Grand Junction, Colorado.
499:
458:
pose concerns to this species and alpine environments overall. Alpine environments are the coldest locations where
491:
250:, commonly known as the dingy fritillary but further genetic data supported classifying them as a full species.
85:
844:
432:
310:
792:
194:
70:
968:
636:
Fish and
Wildlife Service. 1994. Uncompahgre Fritillary Butterfly Recovery Plan. Denver, Colorado. 20 pp.
581:"Boloria bellona(Fabricius) (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) from the Blue Mountains of the Pacific Northwest"
389:
318:
in
Wyoming. Other similar looking species of butterflies are found within these habitats including the
266:, USA by Larry Gall, Felix Sperling, Scott Graham, Kathleen Shaw, and Wendy Roberts working out of the
885:
776:
Seidl, A. L. 1999. Population demographics and the conservation status of the
Uncompahgre fritillary
682:
435:
in 1991. Since then, early monitoring programs have found a number of additional populations in the
244:
Discovered in the summer of 1978, the Uncompahgre fritillary was first described as a subspecies of
448:
50:
281:
608:
436:
420:
370:
294:
285:
The Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly was discovered in 1978 below Uncompahgre Peak, Colorado, USA
80:
65:
929:
393:
Adult Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly resting on a rock in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado.
976:
862:
698:
600:
431:. The Uncompahgre fritillary was thought to be on the edge of extinction and was added to the
355:
335:
327:
981:
1019:
760:
690:
592:
483:
424:
376:
315:
275:
259:
955:
246:
171:
670:
17:
751:
Inouye, D. W. (2020). Effects of climate change on alpine plants and their pollinators.
694:
686:
423:
methods completed within a decade of their discovery showed low population estimates at
508:
455:
444:
726:(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), illustrating a new mathematical population census method.
998:
950:
487:
467:
428:
382:
361:
343:
298:
271:
612:
478:
The Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly is still listed as Federally Endangered by the
867:
911:
824:
463:
319:
234:
230:
147:
137:
815:
459:
404:
702:
604:
580:
226:
117:
97:
596:
854:
809:
722:
Scott, James A. (1984) The Life History and Ecology of an alpine relict,
543:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2018). Uncompahgre Fritillary Butterfly (
290:
263:
238:
877:
903:
764:
503:
440:
157:
669:
Britten, Hugh B.; Brussard, Peter F.; Murphy, Dennis D. (March 1994).
916:
839:
380:), a dwarf willow that is structurally similar to the Arctic willow (
127:
107:
786:
388:
354:
280:
671:"The Pending Extinction of the Uncompahgre Fritillary Butterfly"
890:
790:
780:(Nymphalidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 53:32-36.
258:
The Uncompahgre fritillary was first found above tree-line at
365:) is the host plant of the Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly.
342:). The habitat characteristics of these butterflies include
270:. A few years following, another population was found at
447:, with an additional threat is the possibility of low
799:
8:
787:
753:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
59:
40:
31:
451:between the known butterfly populations.
533:
585:Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
443:, illegal collection, recreation, and
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
622:
574:
572:
314:which has only been found within the
7:
737:
735:
718:
716:
714:
712:
664:
662:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
539:
537:
522:List of butterflies of North America
268:Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory
695:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010086.x
308:Their closest genetic relative is
25:
1010:Lepidoptera of the United States
369:The Uncompahgre fritillary is a
219:Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly
84:
27:Colorado, USA butterfly species
490:are monitored annually by the
480:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
262:, located in Hinsdale County,
1:
1025:Butterflies described in 1980
377:Salix reticulata spp. nivalis
1015:Butterflies of North America
545:Clossiana improba acrocnema
500:Colorado Parks and Wildlife
1041:
303:North American butterflies
274:, about 10 miles south of
831:Boloria improba acrocnema
724:Boloria improba acrocnema
615:– via ResearchGate.
507:of the future impacts of
492:Bureau of Land Management
223:Boloria improba acrocnema
210:Gall & Sperling, 1980
204:Boloria improba acrocnema
200:
193:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
18:Boloria improba acrocnema
579:Pfeiler, Edward (1980).
433:Endangered Species List
35:Uncompahgre fritillary
1005:ESA endangered species
597:10.18473/lepi.v67i2.a6
454:The impacts of global
394:
366:
311:Boloria improba harryi
286:
392:
358:
284:
675:Conservation Biology
316:Wind River Mountains
186:B. i. acrocnema
687:1994ConBi...8...86B
496:U.S. Forest Service
449:genetic variability
340:Clossiana chariclea
51:Conservation status
765:10.1111/nyas.14104
437:San Juan Mountains
416:Population decline
395:
371:specialist species
367:
320:Varied checkerspot
295:San Juan Mountains
287:
241:to Colorado, USA.
225:) is a species of
992:
991:
977:Open Tree of Life
845:boloria-acrocnema
801:Boloria acrocnema
793:Taxon identifiers
778:Boloria acrocnema
336:Arctic fritillary
328:Frieja fritillary
324:Euphydryas anicia
297:and the southern
215:
214:
74:
16:(Redirected from
1032:
985:
984:
972:
971:
959:
958:
946:
945:
933:
932:
920:
919:
907:
906:
894:
893:
881:
880:
871:
870:
858:
857:
848:
847:
835:
834:
833:
820:
819:
818:
788:
781:
774:
768:
749:
743:
739:
730:
720:
707:
706:
666:
657:
654:
637:
634:
617:
616:
576:
567:
563:
557:
554:
548:
541:
484:Uncompahgre Peak
474:Recovery efforts
425:Uncompahgre Peak
332:Clossiana frieja
293:to the northern
276:Uncompahgre Peak
260:Uncompahgre Peak
206:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
21:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1029:
995:
994:
993:
988:
980:
975:
967:
962:
954:
949:
941:
936:
928:
923:
915:
910:
902:
897:
889:
884:
876:
874:
866:
861:
853:
851:
843:
838:
829:
828:
823:
814:
813:
808:
795:
785:
784:
775:
771:
750:
746:
740:
733:
721:
710:
668:
667:
660:
655:
640:
635:
620:
578:
577:
570:
564:
560:
555:
551:
542:
535:
530:
518:
476:
418:
413:
400:
353:
289:The species is
256:
247:Boloria improba
211:
208:
202:
189:
175:
172:B. improba
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1038:
1036:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
997:
996:
990:
989:
987:
986:
973:
960:
947:
934:
921:
908:
895:
882:
872:
859:
849:
836:
821:
805:
803:
797:
796:
791:
783:
782:
769:
744:
731:
708:
658:
638:
618:
591:(2): 143–144.
568:
558:
549:
532:
531:
529:
526:
525:
524:
517:
514:
509:climate change
475:
472:
456:climate change
445:climate change
421:Mark-recapture
417:
414:
412:
409:
399:
396:
352:
349:
255:
252:
213:
212:
209:
198:
197:
195:Trinomial name
191:
190:
183:
181:
177:
176:
169:
167:
163:
162:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1037:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
983:
978:
974:
970:
965:
961:
957:
952:
948:
944:
939:
935:
931:
926:
922:
918:
913:
909:
905:
900:
896:
892:
887:
883:
879:
873:
869:
864:
860:
856:
850:
846:
841:
837:
832:
826:
822:
817:
811:
807:
806:
804:
802:
798:
794:
789:
779:
773:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
748:
745:
738:
736:
732:
729:
725:
719:
717:
715:
713:
709:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
665:
663:
659:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
639:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
623:
619:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
575:
573:
569:
562:
559:
553:
550:
546:
540:
538:
534:
527:
523:
520:
519:
515:
513:
510:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:Redcloud Peak
485:
481:
473:
471:
469:
468:precipitation
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:Redcloud Peak
426:
422:
415:
410:
408:
406:
397:
391:
387:
385:
384:
383:Salix arctica
379:
378:
372:
364:
363:
362:Salix nivalis
359:Snow willow (
357:
350:
348:
345:
344:alpine tundra
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:
306:
304:
300:
299:Sawatch Range
296:
292:
283:
279:
277:
273:
272:Redcloud Peak
269:
265:
261:
253:
251:
249:
248:
242:
240:
236:
232:
229:in the Order
228:
224:
220:
207:
205:
199:
196:
192:
188:
187:
182:
179:
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
800:
777:
772:
759:(1), 26–37.
756:
752:
747:
728:Papilio (2).
727:
723:
681:(1): 86–94.
678:
674:
588:
584:
561:
552:
544:
477:
464:temperatures
453:
419:
401:
381:
374:
368:
360:
339:
331:
323:
309:
307:
288:
257:
254:Distribution
245:
243:
222:
218:
216:
203:
201:
185:
184:
180:Subspecies:
170:
158:
29:
912:iNaturalist
825:Wikispecies
566:34:230-252.
405:philopatric
235:Nymphalidae
231:Lepidoptera
148:Nymphalidae
138:Lepidoptera
999:Categories
528:References
470:patterns.
460:pollinator
411:Management
398:Life cycle
351:Host plant
118:Arthropoda
66:Endangered
703:0888-8892
605:0024-0966
407:species.
233:: Family
227:butterfly
166:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
964:LepIndex
930:10264202
852:BioLib:
816:Q4847824
810:Wikidata
613:87944802
516:See also
264:Colorado
237:that is
144:Family:
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
1020:Boloria
982:3110943
904:5133989
683:Bibcode
504:grazing
441:grazing
334:), and
291:endemic
239:endemic
159:Boloria
154:Genus:
134:Order:
128:Insecta
124:Class:
69: (
969:153989
943:201288
891:156666
875:ECOS:
855:783167
840:ARKive
701:
611:
603:
498:, and
925:IRMNG
917:95878
868:5WNVB
609:S2CID
956:2863
951:IUCN
938:ITIS
899:GBIF
878:4419
757:1469
699:ISSN
601:ISSN
486:and
466:and
427:and
217:The
886:EoL
863:CoL
761:doi
742:pp.
691:doi
593:doi
326:),
71:ESA
1001::
979::
966::
953::
940::
927::
914::
901::
888::
865::
842::
827::
812::
755:,
734:^
711:^
697:.
689:.
677:.
673:.
661:^
641:^
621:^
607:.
599:.
589:67
587:.
583:.
571:^
536:^
494:,
386:).
278:.
767:.
763::
705:.
693::
685::
679:8
595::
375:(
338:(
330:(
322:(
221:(
73:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
