177:, Arné Chacón, established a stable in Florida called Gadu Racing Stable Corp. and had horses compete in races in the United States until he was arrested in 2009. Brother of Ronald Sanchez the National Superintendent of Securities of Venezuela, Tomás Sánchez had a second stable, Rontos Racing Stable Corp., created that was signed by the same Gadu agent two months later. Ronald Sanchez was also accused of being involved in an extortion scandal in Miami by Venezuelan banker Thomas Vasquez in a testimony involving the case. The Rontos Racing Stable Corp. also own an apartment in the
244:
1931:
1926:
133:
581:. In March 2018, it was reported that United States authorities were investigating Andrade for money laundering and funneling Venezuelan state funds into his own interests. In November 2018, Andrade was sentenced to ten years in prison by the United States for accepting at least $ 1 billion in bribes and money laundering, resulting in having his assets seized. These assets included a mansion in Florida, a group of classic cars and over a dozen race horses.
226:
2257:
262:
196:
initiated in 2002. In less than ten years, he had gained a net worth of $ 1.6 billion and created a combination of about 70 companies. He owned businesses in Panama, Ecuador and the United States and bought multiple financial institutions in 2008. In Miami, Fernandez bought a luxury apartment in the
450:
According to journalist
Maibort Petit, Flores' son, Walter Jacob Gavidia Flores, whose last salary through 2015 was less than $ 1,000, made multiple international trips in 2015 and 2016 on private flights costing approximately $ 20,000 per trip. Gavidia Flores spent most of his time in the United
106:
When
President Chávez attained power in Venezuela, he faced opposition from the traditional elite within the country. Chávez created a new elite with access to dollars, which led to the establishment of a new wealthy class. During Chávez's tenure, he seized thousands of properties and businesses
207:
is a
Venezuelan banker who helped the Chávez administration raise funds to finance Venezuela's budget. According to the United States Department of State, Vargas was "said to have made a profit off those negotiations" and was described as "a banker whose star has risen greatly during the Chávez
783:
La boliburguesía –un término acuñado por el periodista Juan Carlos Zapata para definir a la oligarquía que ha crecido bajo protección del gobierno chavista– consituye hoy una "nueva clase social" de empresarios y políticos que se han servido de la falta de control del
Parlamento, Fiscalía y
281:, he stayed in the most expensive locations, with hundreds of individuals composing his entourage that included masseuses, chefs, tailors and Cuban doctors. Chávez and his family also wore designer clothes along with high-end fashion accessories and jewelry, with brand names including
473:
in
Caracas. The incident caused outrage among Venezuelans who believed this to be hypocritical of President Maduro, especially since many Venezuelans were experiencing hardships due to the poor state of the economy and due to the President's public denouncements of
391:
Two nephews of Cilia Flores, Efraín
Antonio Campos Flores and Francisco Flores de Freites, have also been involved in illicit activities such as drug trafficking, with some of their funds possibly assisting President Maduro's presidential campaign in the
324:
and is in charge of the majority of oil contracts. Chávez's brothers also hold positions in the
Venezuelan government. Argenisis is the president of the state-run energy company CORPOELEC and Hannibal is the mayor of Sabaneta. In 2004, the
363:
It is estimated that the Chávez family owns 17 estates totaling more than 100,000 acres. Each estate cost between $ 400,000 and $ 700,000, with the estates having their own roads. According to state legislator and Chávez critic
847:
118:, Harold Trinkunas, stated that involving the military in business was "a danger", with Trinkunas explaining that the Venezuelan military "has the greatest ability to coerce people, into business like they have". According to
542:
In
Florida, bolibourgeois are favored clients of real estate businesses, private jet companies, luxury car dealers, fine horse breeders and luxury stores. According to a business owner of an electronics store at the
547:
of Miami Beach, the success of selling luxury electronics made of valuable metals and gems is attributed to bolibourgeois, with some buying gold iPads and gold cellular phones priced between $ 8,000 and $ 45,000.
1551:
1719:
201:, a home to many celebrities. In late 2009, Fernandez was arrested in Venezuela for unknown reasons and his companies were nationalized by President Chávez. He was released from prison in May 2014.
491:, a subsidiary of Venezuela's PDVSA, was loaned money to purchase two private aircraft for a total of $ 119 million. This occurred days after President Maduro called for assistance from the
74:
Corruption among the bolibourgeoisie and Chávez-administration sympathizers has moved billions of dollars with the complicity of public officials, with some becoming rich under the guise of
1581:
166:
that can earn profits from breeding. Andrade also hired a public relations firm, Starting Gate
Communications, an organization that specializes in equestrian activities for his son.
401:
2615:
2084:
1395:
2647:
1095:
857:
404:, a terminal reserved for the President. Walter Jacobo Gavidia Flores, Flores' son who is a Caracas judge, is being investigated for relations to drug trafficking as well.
2455:
618:
On 12 May 2022, Claudia
Patricia Díaz Guillén was extradited from Spain to South Florida to face charges of accepting millions in bribes from a billionaire businessman.
796:
409:
Carlos Aem Flores, a self-described "producer", has been seen at various government facilities "working" close to Bolivarian officials such as President Maduro and the
2127:
1559:
584:
Husband and wife Adrían Velásquez and Claudia Patricia Díaz Guillén were arrested in Spain in 2018 for allegedly holding over $ 4 billion of Venezuelan state funds in
632:
611:
also generated criticism in which the government of Chávez was alleged to be sending state oil money from PDVSA to finance the political campaign of former president
2109:
1273:
2294:
2432:
1210:
903:
316:
Members of the Chávez family live in a suburb of Barinas, Chávez's birthplace, occupying a mansion that is enclosed off from the public by walls topped with
1287:
2400:
86:, has said corruption in the financial industry and other sectors of Venezuela is tied to government officials of the Chávez administration. Following the
2698:
2003:
2487:
2482:
1998:
1977:
1972:
1832:
1449:
995:
368:, members of Chávez's family live in mansions in Alto Barinas and children of the family have their own waiting staff in their school's dining hall.
209:
2161:
1859:
637:
1477:
2181:
1367:
162:, was also sponsored by his father and is a decorated show jumping jockey and owned multiple horses that are worth up to millions of dollars and
124:, "y showering contracts on former military officials and pro-government business executives, Chávez put a new face on the system of patronage".
2492:
2472:
2033:
2013:
397:
1589:
2497:
2477:
1982:
1962:
1910:
1905:
393:
2620:
1667:
766:
592:. Velásquez had served as a bodyguard for President Chávez while Diaz Guillén was the successor of Andrade serving as Minister of Finance.
193:
2724:
2358:
2026:
1967:
432:
170:
1065:
2287:
1693:
1143:
971:
1611:
748:
2460:
2363:
2008:
1392:
578:
2168:
1900:
1503:
612:
1106:
2759:
2450:
2348:
1957:
694:
388:
with individuals claiming that several of her close relatives became employees of the National Assembly while she was in office.
341:
178:
136:
1747:
1040:
1877:
326:
2749:
722:
499:
costing $ 54 million, would be used by Venezuela's Minister of Energy and Mines Nelson Martínez while the second aircraft, a
2198:
1637:
938:
822:
111:
was then largely state-run and was operated by military officers that had their business and government affairs connected.
2774:
2719:
2632:
2417:
2411:
2280:
2193:
2094:
2021:
1418:
503:
costing $ 65 million, would be used by President Maduro after its development was finalized. CITGO would then deliver its
410:
204:
189:
83:
1265:
2688:
2637:
2405:
2315:
2303:
2225:
2215:
2099:
1939:
1895:
1852:
329:
estimates showed that the family was possibly worth $ 140 million. In 2013, it was estimated that the Chávez family had
573:, who was appointed Minister of Finance by President Chávez, was accused of using public funds by opposition deputy
232:
140:
2323:
1952:
1947:
1775:
1176:
2711:
2383:
407:
Carlos Aem Flores, a relative of Flores, has also been linked to her two nephews involved in drug trafficking.
2204:
1748:"Ex tesorero nacional de Chávez, Alejandro Andrade, en el centro de "enorme investigación" por lavado en EEUU"
1720:"No hay comida ni medicinas pero Maduro ordena compra de 2 aviones Bombardier por $ 119 millones para su uso"
459:
2764:
2706:
2693:
2583:
2260:
1915:
1845:
627:
349:
290:
243:
208:
presidency". Vargas was also assisted by the Venezuelan government for abiding by their policies during the
87:
50:
454:
On 14 March 2015 at the wedding of Jose Zalt, a Syrian-Venezuelan businessman that owns the clothing brand
90:, the bolibourgeoisie became more powerful and held more influence over Venezuela during the presidency of
2442:
2427:
1880:
1236:
552:
551:
Bolibourgeois had also bought luxury automobiles from foreign countries, including luxury Hummer SUVs and
500:
496:
278:
602:
and turned it into a pro-Maduro network, was indicted for money laundering and bribery in November 2018.
531:. Following investigations surrounding their acts of corruption, they have begun to move their assets to
2610:
2600:
2588:
2395:
2155:
2079:
2069:
1925:
1507:
852:
336:
Though Chávez denounced hypocritical socialists and criticized those who bought luxury vehicles such as
310:
115:
1930:
1641:
1530:
1371:
784:
Contraloría, para enriquecerse y hacer toda suerte de negocios, algunas veces de dudosa solvencia moral
463:
2754:
2390:
2328:
2089:
1671:
1346:
695:"EEUU congela mansión vinculada al testaferro de los hijastros de Maduro en caso de "los Bolichicos""
536:
504:
340:, he and his family acquired multiple vehicles during his presidency, including aircraft such as the
198:
108:
2538:
2528:
2064:
1214:
353:
468:
132:
2769:
2533:
2523:
2422:
2059:
1697:
1240:
999:
770:
120:
286:
1801:
1552:"Venezuelan president's son, Nicolas Maduro Jr., showered in dollar bills as economy collapses"
2655:
2548:
2246:
2149:
2117:
1802:"Ex-Venezuelan treasurer, accused of hiding millions in Miami, is extradited to South Florida"
1139:
967:
913:
823:"Henry Ramos Allup: Corrupción millonaria de boliburguesía con la complicidad de funcionarios"
659:
595:
570:
544:
416:
377:
282:
147:
91:
79:
964:
Dragon in the tropics : hugo chavez and the political economy of revolution in venezuela
2573:
2513:
2378:
2220:
2175:
2049:
1478:"¿Ser rico es malo?... pero este Flores se da la gran vida (FOTOS + Ferrari + Möet + Rolex)"
1314:
1073:
674:
607:
574:
455:
298:
34:
2558:
2543:
1752:
1555:
1453:
1399:
699:
444:
345:
250:
159:
174:
1342:
567:
have led efforts to discover assets illegally acquired and held by the bolibourgeoisie.
2593:
2553:
2465:
2373:
2343:
2333:
2307:
2239:
1868:
599:
492:
158:, having a horse farm attributed to Andrade's firm in South Carolina. Alejandro's son,
54:
384:
have benefitted from supporting the Bolivarian government. Flores has been accused of
2743:
2578:
2568:
2518:
2187:
2054:
1423:
424:
365:
357:
330:
302:
294:
267:
163:
95:
38:
451:
States, though he also took chartered flights to France, Germany, Malta and Spain.
225:
2563:
2368:
1806:
1504:"Supuesto implicado en relación con sobrinos de Cilia Flores desmiente acusaciones"
908:
664:
440:
436:
381:
155:
1585:
192:
was a "modest business entrepreneur" in Caracas until he helped Chávez circumvent
154:
worth $ 10 million that was registered in Delaware. He had invested in horses for
1645:
948:
904:"Panama Papers 'tightened the noose' on offshore assets of Maduro's inner circle"
320:. Asdrubal Chávez, Chávez's cousin, is vice president of production and trade of
2682:
2665:
2338:
2132:
943:
654:
462:
was seen being showered with American dollars at the gathering in the luxurious
42:
1343:"Denuncian por nepotismo a la presidenta del Congreso venezolano, Cilia Flores"
2627:
669:
589:
564:
475:
317:
293:
among others. The daughters of Chávez have been seen with celebrities such as
151:
143:
where relatives of the National Superintendent of Securities own a condominium
917:
150:, who was appointed Minister of Finance by President Chávez, owned a private
17:
2272:
1319:
1291:
1044:
726:
649:
520:
306:
75:
68:
1582:"El hijo de Nicolás Maduro bailó bajo una lluvia de dólares en una fiesta"
1237:"Venezuela's Gas Prices Remain Low, but the Political Costs May Be Rising"
797:"Los 'bolliburgueses', la nueva casta venezolana surgida de la revolución"
49:(English: Boliboys) are terms describing the new bourgeois created by the
2605:
2074:
1724:
1612:"Polémica por un video del hijo de Maduro en el que baila entre billetes"
1450:"La Casa Militar de Maduro custodió el traslado de droga de sus sobrinos"
515:
The bolibourgeoisie have enjoyed financial and entertainment benefits in
483:
400:. One informant stated that the two would often fly out of Terminal 4 of
385:
64:
59:
212:, when more than a half-dozen private banking institutions were closed.
2353:
2210:
1668:"En video: el hijo de Nicolás Maduro baila en una 'lluvia' de billetes"
1615:
585:
577:
and was described as participating in a "network of corruption" by the
495:, asking for help to combat medicine shortages. The first aircraft, a
270:
vehicles such as this are used by the Chávez, Maduro and Flores family
261:
67:. The term was coined by journalist Juan Carlos Zapata to "define the
27:
Term describing the new bourgeois created by the Venezuelan government
1180:
939:"Ramos Allup denunció a 11 empresarios pertenecientes "boliburguesía"
532:
524:
420:
337:
1531:"Hijo de Cilia Flores pasa largas temporadas en los Estados Unidos"
71:
that has developed under the protection of the Chávez government".
769:(in Spanish). talcualdigital.com. 24 November 2009. Archived from
528:
516:
488:
428:
321:
996:"Venezuela Sees Chavez Friends Rich After His Death Amid Poverty"
2660:
2122:
333:
of about $ 550 million in multiple international bank accounts.
2276:
1841:
1136:
The revolutionary has no clothes Hugo Chávez's Bolivarian farce
966:(Second ed.). : Brookings Institution Press. p. xii.
848:"Henry Ramos: Sin "bolifuncionarios" no habría "boliburguesía""
1837:
507:
to be used by Maduro as well after receiving the Global 6000.
1096:"Property Search Summary Report: 15811 Collins Ave Unit 2305"
1833:
Website showing luxury watches owned by Bolivarian officials
94:. Many figures of the bolibourgeoisie were included in the
2128:
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)
107:
while also reducing the footprint of foreign companies.
1694:"Como el hijo de Maduro: Otros escándalos del chavismo"
1393:"Es falso que tenga muchos familiares en la Asamblea"
1209:
Baverstock, Alasdair; Foster, Peter (14 April 2013).
994:
Smith, Michael; Kurmanaev, Anatoly (12 August 2014).
749:"Purging Loyalists, Chávez Tightens His Inner Circle"
297:, traveling internationally visiting places such as
2674:
2646:
2506:
2441:
2314:
2141:
2108:
2042:
1991:
1938:
1888:
1103:Miami-Dade County Office of the Property Appraiser
1419:"Venezuela Military Officials Piloted Drug Plane"
1211:"Venezuela: the wealth of Chavez family exposed"
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
989:
987:
985:
983:
1638:"Hijo de Maduro baila bajo lluvia de billetes"
1039:Reyes, Gerardo; Ocando, Cato (4 August 2013).
947:(in Spanish). 30 November 2009. Archived from
856:(in Spanish). 30 November 2009. Archived from
842:
840:
63:, made up of people who became rich under the
2288:
1853:
1259:
1257:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
633:Economic policy of the Hugo Chávez government
433:special Transformers edition Chevrolet Camaro
8:
825:(in Spanish). informe21.com. 1 November 2009
2661:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)
2123:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)
1443:
1441:
1129:
1127:
962:Corrales, Javier; Penfold, Michael (2014).
415:He has been seen sporting luxury brands of
2359:United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV)
2295:
2281:
2273:
1860:
1846:
1838:
1412:
1410:
1408:
2433:2010 Colombia–Venezuela diplomatic crisis
1776:"Otros boliburgueses caídos en desgracia"
1546:
1544:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1138:. New York: Encounter Books. p. 65.
2401:2006 Chávez speech at the United Nations
2162:Chavismo: The Plague of the 21st Century
1341:Lares Martiz, Valentina (15 July 2008).
1041:"Boliburgueses y el encanto del Imperio"
598:, who acquired Venezuelan media company
253:similar to one used by the Chávez family
131:
1266:"'Llegó el Presidente y mandó a parar'"
723:"Boliburguesía: nueva clase venezolana"
686:
398:2015 Venezuelan parliamentary elections
2493:2010 Venezuelan parliamentary election
2034:2010 Venezuelan parliamentary election
2014:2005 Venezuelan parliamentary election
2004:Venezuelan general strike of 2002–2003
1288:"Hugo Chavez had a millionaire empire"
1264:Peregil, Francisco (10 October 2007).
210:Venezuelan banking crisis of 2009–2010
181:that was quoted at $ 625,000 in 2011.
1472:
1470:
1448:Blasco, Emili J. (19 November 2015).
1177:"Los bienes que habría dejado Chávez"
897:
895:
394:2013 Venezuelan presidential election
7:
2621:National Center for Foreign Commerce
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
879:
877:
875:
1968:United Socialist Party of Venezuela
721:Valery, Yolanda (2 December 2009).
638:History of Venezuela (1999–present)
171:United Socialist Party of Venezuela
82:, a leader of the opposition party
1529:Petit, Maibort (11 January 2017).
1276:from the original on 4 March 2012.
747:Romero, Simon (16 February 2010).
25:
2364:Detention of Maria Lourdes Afiuni
2182:Hugo Chávez's cult of personality
1978:Constitutional referendum of 2009
1973:Constitutional referendum of 2007
1235:Romero, Simon (30 October 2007).
579:United States Department of State
309:while also attending concerts of
2349:Assassination of Danilo Anderson
2256:
2255:
1929:
1924:
902:Youkee, Mat (18 February 2019).
767:"Auge y caída de un boliburgués"
356:as well as multiple Hummers and
260:
242:
224:
1644:. 16 March 2015. Archived from
1588:. 18 March 2015. Archived from
1558:. 19 March 2015. Archived from
327:Drug Enforcement Administration
233:Bentley Continental Flying Spur
2488:2009 constitutional referendum
2483:2007 constitutional referendum
2169:El ocaso del socialismo mágico
1484:(in Spanish). 18 November 2015
613:Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
1:
2633:Socialism of the 21st century
2418:2008 Andean diplomatic crisis
2095:Socialism of the 21st century
1983:Presidential election of 2012
1963:Presidential election of 2006
1911:Presidential election of 1998
1782:(in Spanish). 12 October 2010
460:Nicolás Ernesto Maduro Guerra
2638:Venezuelan communal councils
2406:South American Energy Summit
2226:Venezuela Information Office
2216:The Silence and the Scorpion
2100:Venezuelan communal councils
1368:"Clan Flores fuera de la AN"
1070:Starting Gate Communications
2473:2005 parliamentary election
2456:2000 trade union referendum
2199:Public image of Hugo Chávez
1756:(in Spanish). 31 March 2018
1315:"Los coches de Hugo Chávez"
179:Trump Towers Miami building
2791:
2498:2012 presidential election
2478:2006 presidential election
563:The United States and the
376:The families of President
372:Maduro and Flores families
190:Ricardo Fernández Barrueco
141:Sunny Isles Beach, Florida
2683:Con mis hijos no te metas
2234:
2009:Recall referendum of 2004
1922:
1875:
605:The scandal known as the
348:and automobiles like the
342:Bombardier Challenger 605
2699:2002–2003 general strike
2384:2013 Uribana prison riot
1958:General election of 2000
396:and potentially for the
291:Patek Philippe & Co.
2760:Corruption in Venezuela
2694:Plaza Altamira military
2374:Death of Franklin Brito
1916:Death and state funeral
1398:4 February 2012 at the
628:Corruption in Venezuela
511:International lifestyle
205:Víctor Vargas Irausquín
2461:2004 recall referendum
2428:Los Maniceros massacre
2412:¿Por qué no te callas?
2324:Cabinet of Hugo Chávez
2194:¿Por qué no te callas?
1948:Cabinet of Hugo Chávez
1881:President of Venezuela
501:Bombardier Global 8000
497:Bombardier Global 6000
144:
2750:Bolivarian Revolution
2601:Bolivarian Revolution
2451:2000 general election
2396:Rodrigo Granda affair
2156:Bolivarian propaganda
2070:Bolivarian Revolution
1889:Early life and career
402:Simon Bolivar Airport
135:
116:Brookings Institution
114:Senior fellow at the
65:Chávez administration
51:Venezuelan government
2775:Society of Venezuela
2689:Coup attempt of 2002
2391:Daktari Ranch affair
1999:Coup attempt of 2002
1906:Coup attempt of 1992
1374:on 24 September 2015
1347:El Tiempo (Colombia)
1134:Clark, A.C. (2009).
537:United Arab Emirates
505:Dassault Falcon 2000
199:Jade at Brickell Bay
128:Government officials
2529:Bolivarian missions
2065:Bolivarian missions
1215:The Daily Telegraph
951:on 4 February 2010.
773:on 25 November 2009
354:Chevrolet LUV D-Max
287:Dolce & Gabbana
235:similar to Chávez's
185:Business executives
169:The brother of the
109:Venezuela's economy
2524:Bolivarian Circles
2423:Operation Emmanuel
2060:Bolivarian Circles
1535:Venezuela Política
1510:. 17 November 2015
1241:The New York Times
1000:Bloomberg Business
860:on 3 December 2009
753:The New York Times
173:(PSUV) politician
145:
121:Bloomberg Business
2737:
2736:
2656:Bank of the South
2507:Domestic policies
2329:Plan Bolívar 2000
2270:
2269:
2118:Bank of the South
2090:Plan Bolívar 2000
1953:1999 Constitution
1066:"EMANUEL ANDRADE"
803:. 18 October 2014
801:lainformacion.com
660:Lumpenbourgeoisie
571:Alejandro Andrade
545:Bal Harbour Shops
411:National Assembly
277:While Chávez was
148:Alejandro Andrade
84:Democratic Action
80:Henry Ramos Allup
16:(Redirected from
2782:
2379:Yare prison riot
2297:
2290:
2283:
2274:
2259:
2258:
2247:Nicolás Maduro →
2240:← Rafael Caldera
2221:Venezuelanalysis
2176:El pueblo soy yo
1992:Political events
1933:
1928:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1839:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1592:on 23 March 2015
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1562:on 21 March 2015
1548:
1539:
1538:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1474:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1414:
1403:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1370:. Archived from
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1313:Rueda, Alfredo.
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1206:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1173:
1150:
1149:
1131:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1111:
1105:. Archived from
1100:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1076:on 16 April 2015
1072:. Archived from
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1036:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
991:
978:
977:
959:
953:
952:
935:
929:
928:
926:
924:
899:
870:
869:
867:
865:
844:
835:
834:
832:
830:
819:
813:
812:
810:
808:
793:
787:
786:
780:
778:
763:
757:
756:
744:
738:
737:
735:
733:
718:
712:
711:
709:
707:
691:
675:Russian oligarch
472:
464:Gran Melia Hotel
414:
350:Bentley Mulsanne
299:Disneyland Paris
264:
246:
228:
21:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2670:
2642:
2616:Economic policy
2584:Vuelta al Campo
2502:
2437:
2310:
2301:
2271:
2266:
2230:
2137:
2104:
2085:Economic policy
2043:Domestic policy
2038:
1987:
1934:
1920:
1901:Military career
1884:
1871:
1866:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1813:
1811:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1783:
1780:reportero24.com
1774:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1753:El Nuevo Herald
1746:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1728:. 24 March 2017
1718:
1717:
1713:
1703:
1701:
1700:. 17 March 2015
1692:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1674:. 17 March 2015
1666:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1648:on 2 April 2015
1636:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1618:. 17 March 2015
1610:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1556:Fox News Latino
1550:
1549:
1542:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1447:
1446:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1416:
1415:
1406:
1400:Wayback Machine
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1245:
1243:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1183:. 14 March 2013
1175:
1174:
1153:
1146:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1112:on 4 March 2016
1109:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1014:
1004:
1002:
993:
992:
981:
974:
961:
960:
956:
937:
936:
932:
922:
920:
901:
900:
873:
863:
861:
846:
845:
838:
828:
826:
821:
820:
816:
806:
804:
795:
794:
790:
776:
774:
765:
764:
760:
746:
745:
741:
731:
729:
720:
719:
715:
705:
703:
700:El Nuevo Herald
693:
692:
688:
683:
624:
561:
513:
481:In March 2017,
466:
458:, Maduro's son
445:Porsche 911 GT2
408:
374:
346:Gulfstream G550
275:
274:
273:
272:
271:
265:
256:
255:
254:
251:Gulfstream G550
247:
238:
237:
236:
229:
218:
187:
160:Emanuel Andrade
130:
104:
88:death of Chávez
31:Bolibourgeoisie
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2788:
2786:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2648:Foreign policy
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2334:Vargas tragedy
2331:
2326:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2251:
2250:
2243:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2205:¿¡Revolución!?
2201:
2196:
2191:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2153:
2150:Aló Presidente
2145:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2110:Foreign policy
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2018:2007 protests
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1828:
1827:External links
1825:
1822:
1821:
1793:
1767:
1739:
1711:
1685:
1659:
1629:
1603:
1573:
1540:
1521:
1495:
1466:
1437:
1417:Yagoub, Mimi.
1404:
1385:
1359:
1333:
1305:
1294:. 5 March 2014
1279:
1272:(in Spanish).
1253:
1227:
1194:
1151:
1145:978-1594034459
1144:
1123:
1087:
1057:
1012:
979:
973:978-0815725930
972:
954:
930:
871:
836:
814:
788:
758:
739:
725:(in Spanish).
713:
685:
684:
682:
679:
678:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
641:
640:
635:
630:
623:
620:
615:of Argentina.
560:
559:Investigations
557:
512:
509:
493:United Nations
487:reported that
431:and driving a
378:Nicolás Maduro
373:
370:
266:
259:
258:
257:
248:
241:
240:
239:
230:
223:
222:
221:
220:
219:
217:
214:
186:
183:
129:
126:
103:
100:
92:Nicolás Maduro
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2787:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:Vuelvan Caras
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2519:Bolivarianism
2517:
2515:
2514:Boliburguesía
2512:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2286:
2284:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2263:
2262:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:Mi amigo Hugo
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:Bolivarianism
2053:
2051:
2050:Boliburguesía
2048:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1810:. 14 May 2022
1809:
1808:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1574:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1537:(in Spanish).
1536:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1426:
1425:
1424:InSight Crime
1420:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1228:
1216:
1212:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1137:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1108:
1104:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1001:
997:
990:
988:
986:
984:
980:
975:
969:
965:
958:
955:
950:
946:
945:
940:
934:
931:
919:
915:
911:
910:
905:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
872:
859:
855:
854:
849:
843:
841:
837:
824:
818:
815:
802:
798:
792:
789:
785:
772:
768:
762:
759:
754:
750:
743:
740:
728:
724:
717:
714:
702:
701:
696:
690:
687:
680:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
646:
645:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
621:
619:
616:
614:
610:
609:
603:
601:
597:
593:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
575:Ismael García
572:
568:
566:
558:
556:
554:
549:
546:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
510:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
485:
479:
477:
470:
465:
461:
457:
452:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:Louis Vuitton
422:
418:
412:
405:
403:
399:
395:
389:
387:
383:
380:and his wife
379:
371:
369:
367:
366:Wilmer Azuaje
361:
359:
358:Mercedes-Benz
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
331:liquid assets
328:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
303:New York City
300:
296:
295:Justin Bieber
292:
288:
284:
280:
269:
268:Mercedes-Benz
263:
252:
245:
234:
227:
216:Chávez family
215:
213:
211:
206:
202:
200:
195:
191:
184:
182:
180:
176:
172:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
142:
138:
134:
127:
125:
123:
122:
117:
112:
110:
101:
99:
97:
96:Panama Papers
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
70:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
37:of the words
36:
32:
19:
18:Boliburguesía
2681:
2410:
2369:PDVAL affair
2254:
2245:
2238:
2203:
2186:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2148:
1812:. Retrieved
1807:Miami Herald
1805:
1796:
1784:. Retrieved
1779:
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1751:
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1723:
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1662:
1650:. Retrieved
1646:the original
1632:
1620:. Retrieved
1606:
1594:. Retrieved
1590:the original
1576:
1564:. Retrieved
1560:the original
1534:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1498:
1486:. Retrieved
1481:
1457:. Retrieved
1428:. Retrieved
1422:
1402:30 May 2008.
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1372:the original
1362:
1350:. Retrieved
1336:
1324:. Retrieved
1318:
1308:
1296:. Retrieved
1282:
1269:
1244:. Retrieved
1230:
1218:. Retrieved
1185:. Retrieved
1135:
1114:. Retrieved
1107:the original
1102:
1090:
1078:. Retrieved
1074:the original
1069:
1060:
1048:. Retrieved
1003:. Retrieved
963:
957:
949:the original
942:
933:
921:. Retrieved
909:The Guardian
907:
862:. Retrieved
858:the original
851:
827:. Retrieved
817:
805:. Retrieved
800:
791:
782:
775:. Retrieved
771:the original
761:
752:
742:
730:. Retrieved
716:
704:. Retrieved
698:
689:
665:Nomenklatura
643:
642:
617:
606:
604:
594:
583:
569:
562:
550:
541:
514:
482:
480:
453:
449:
441:Mercedes-AMG
437:Ferrari F430
406:
390:
382:Cilia Flores
375:
362:
335:
315:
276:
203:
188:
175:Jesse Chacón
168:
156:show jumping
146:
137:Trump Towers
119:
113:
105:
73:
58:
46:
30:
29:
2765:Hugo Chávez
2755:Bourgeoisie
2666:Petrocaribe
2539:Guaicaipuro
2466:Tascón List
2344:Tascón List
2339:Decree 1011
2308:Hugo Chávez
2133:Petrocaribe
1883:(1999–2013)
1869:Hugo Chávez
1698:El Comercio
1514:30 November
1508:El Nacional
1459:25 November
1430:25 November
1378:30 November
944:Globovision
923:18 February
853:El Nacional
655:Kleptocracy
600:Globovisión
596:Raúl Gorrín
553:Rolls-Royce
467: [
194:oil strikes
55:Hugo Chávez
43:bourgeoisie
35:portmanteau
2744:Categories
2725:Referendum
2675:Opposition
2628:Snitch Law
2611:Colectivos
2534:Florentino
2304:Presidency
2080:Colectivos
2027:Referendum
1940:Presidency
1896:Early life
1488:10 October
1270:Noticias24
864:20 October
681:References
670:Redwashing
608:Maletinazo
590:Seychelles
565:Lima Group
476:capitalism
360:vehicles.
318:razor wire
152:Learjet 45
102:Background
47:Bolichicos
39:Bolivarian
2770:Oligarchy
2703:Protests
2549:Identidad
2443:Elections
1672:El Tiempo
1586:La Nación
1482:NotiTotal
1352:12 August
1320:Auto Bild
1292:Univision
1045:Univision
918:0261-3077
829:15 August
777:16 August
732:15 August
727:BBC Mundo
706:24 August
650:Blanquism
521:Nicaragua
307:Patagonia
279:President
98:scandal.
76:socialism
69:oligarchy
2606:Chavismo
2574:Robinson
2261:Category
2075:Chavismo
1732:28 March
1725:Runrunes
1704:22 March
1678:22 March
1652:22 March
1642:La Razón
1622:20 March
1596:20 March
1566:20 March
1396:Archived
1326:19 April
1298:19 April
1274:Archived
1246:19 April
1220:15 April
1187:19 April
1116:16 April
1080:15 April
1050:15 April
1005:16 April
644:General:
622:See also
535:and the
484:Runrunes
386:nepotism
60:Chavismo
2559:Miranda
2544:Habitat
2354:teleSUR
2211:teleSUR
1760:1 April
1616:Infobae
807:22 June
586:Andorra
417:Cartier
338:Hummers
311:Madonna
283:Cartier
2594:Zamora
2554:Mercal
2316:Tenure
1814:14 May
1786:4 June
1181:Semana
1142:
970:
916:
555:cars.
533:Turkey
525:Panama
456:Wintex
443:and a
421:Hublot
2716:2007
2579:Sucre
2569:Ribas
2142:Image
1110:(PDF)
1099:(PDF)
529:Spain
517:Miami
489:Citgo
471:]
429:Rolex
322:PDVSA
164:studs
45:) or
2720:RCTV
2712:2004
2707:2002
2564:Piar
2022:RCTV
1878:45th
1816:2022
1788:2018
1762:2018
1734:2017
1706:2015
1680:2015
1654:2015
1624:2015
1598:2015
1568:2015
1516:2015
1490:2023
1461:2015
1432:2015
1380:2015
1354:2015
1328:2015
1300:2015
1248:2015
1222:2015
1189:2015
1140:ISBN
1118:2015
1082:2015
1052:2015
1007:2015
968:ISBN
925:2019
914:ISSN
866:2019
831:2010
809:2016
779:2010
734:2010
708:2018
588:and
527:and
439:, a
435:, a
427:and
352:and
344:and
305:and
289:and
57:and
41:and
2306:of
1454:ABC
139:in
53:of
33:(a
2746::
1804:.
1778:.
1750:.
1722:.
1696:.
1670:.
1640:.
1614:.
1584:.
1554:.
1543:^
1533:.
1506:.
1480:.
1469:^
1452:.
1440:^
1421:.
1407:^
1345:.
1317:.
1290:.
1268:.
1256:^
1239:.
1213:.
1197:^
1179:.
1154:^
1126:^
1101:.
1068:.
1043:.
1015:^
998:.
982:^
941:.
912:.
906:.
874:^
850:.
839:^
799:.
781:.
751:.
697:.
539:.
523:,
519:,
478:.
469:es
447:.
423:,
419:,
313:.
301:,
285:,
249:A
231:A
78:.
2296:e
2289:t
2282:v
1861:e
1854:t
1847:v
1818:.
1790:.
1764:.
1736:.
1708:.
1682:.
1656:.
1626:.
1600:.
1570:.
1518:.
1492:.
1463:.
1434:.
1382:.
1356:.
1330:.
1302:.
1250:.
1224:.
1191:.
1148:.
1120:.
1084:.
1054:.
1009:.
976:.
927:.
868:.
833:.
811:.
755:.
736:.
710:.
413:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
