2743:
3782:
640:, though some of these distinctions are somewhat endangered as people under 40 in neighboring New Hampshire and Maine have lost them. In this case, Boston shares these distinctions with both New York and British accents, whereas other American accents, like in the Midwest, have lost them entirely.
892:. This example has been used since at least 1946, to the point where some locals find requests to say the phrase annoying. Actual parking in Harvard Yard is prohibited, except by permission in rare cases for loading and unloading, contractors, or people needing accessible transport directly to
1370:
1367:
1394:
553:
is simpler than the systems of
British or New York City accents. However, elements of a more complex pattern exist for some Boston speakers; in addition to raising before nasals, Bostonians (unlike nearby New Hampshirites, for example) may also "raise" or "break" the "short
1391:
1368:
1380:
107:
claims that the accent remains relatively stable, though a 2018 study suggests the accent's traditional features may be retreating, particularly among the city's younger residents, and becoming increasingly confined to the historically
414:
1392:
394:
1095:
system as time goes on, with its transition into a decline first occurring in speakers born from about 1930 to 1950 (and first documented as a decline in 1977). Boston speakers born before about 1930 used this broad
2974:
2969:
1237:
Being conspicuous and easily identifiable as regional, Boston accents are routinely featured by actors in films set in Boston, particularly for working-class white characters, such as in
904:
Many characteristics of the Boston accent may be retreating, particularly among younger residents. In the most old-fashioned of Boston accents, there may be a lingering resistance to the
3820:
2952:
2964:
1381:
3634:
7248:
1366:
2420:
2475:
2074:
606:
1369:
3126:
2867:
1821:
3430:
543:
is . Boston shares this system with some of the
American Midwest and most of the West, though the raising in Boston tends to be more extreme. This type of modern
1390:
1379:
3813:
7343:
6316:
1906:
2395:
1393:
1067:, that vowel was replaced in the nineteenth century (if not earlier and often sporadically by speakers as far back as the late eighteenth century) with
2839:
1575:
2121:
578:
become , and , respectively. This trend began around the early-mid to mid-twentieth century, replacing the older Boston accent's London-like "broad
6177:
6147:
3627:
3806:
3066:
3316:
1357:, the character Scout, who is himself a Boston native, talks with a distinct Boston accent, although it sometimes lapses into a Brooklyn accent.
2515:
2103:
6258:
1002:, as it is in almost all regions of North America that still make it. For non-rhotic speakers, the modern-day situation in Boston is that both
2235:
7393:
7178:
6213:
6204:
6171:
6141:
6135:
6129:
5930:
3116:
2937:
2710:
2588:
1804:
1628:
1603:
187:
1843:
1216:
remains the feature most widely associated with the region. As a result, it is frequently the subject of humor about Boston, as in comedian
7413:
6486:
6371:
6219:
6198:
6192:
6159:
6153:
5887:
5849:
4070:
2907:
1204:
is also heard by occasional speakers throughout
Anglophone North America; it is quite commonly heard in African American speech as well.
7454:
6894:
6270:
6264:
6042:
3875:
3786:
3620:
3053:
3033:
2860:
2701:
6999:
6079:
4631:
3766:
3474:
2736:
205:
3291:
2206:
1924:
1888:
1340:, the family members of Shannon Mullins all speak with the Boston accent, and confusion arises from the pronunciation of the word
6798:
6097:
5070:
3927:
3707:
2740:
2370:
5586:
4429:
2428:
765:-dropping"), particularly before the mid-20th century. Recent studies have shown that younger speakers use more of a rhotic (or
7046:
6842:
4636:
4126:
4019:
3121:
3028:
2897:
2483:
1430:– "Between her thick Boston accent and fearless, stand-up style, Sue Costello is a true embodiment of the city's comedy scene."
1196:
sound in even the youngest speakers, though this one word is a common exception throughout all of the
Northeastern U.S. Broad
270:
233:
100:
59:
41:
5571:
2082:
1560:
7363:
6803:
6309:
5486:
4543:
3989:
3829:
2853:
2632:
1681:
982:. This distinction was rapidly fading out of currency in the second half of the 20th century with the words belonging to the
226:
2537:
7403:
7096:
7058:
5396:
5060:
4484:
3591:
2807:
247:
7398:
7051:
6871:
6688:
6509:
6032:
4237:
4051:
3393:
3286:
3071:
2303:
1257:
279:
6774:
6764:
6362:
6329:
6325:
6019:
5895:
5758:
3999:
3957:
3952:
3253:
3136:
3086:
2922:
2450:
1889:
The Daily Show with Jon
Stewart Presents America (The Book) Teacher's Edition: A Citizen's Guide to Democracy Inaction
1565:
1327:
795:
194:
76:
4641:
2261:
7449:
7358:
7073:
6931:
6342:
5361:
5004:
4991:
4929:
4764:
3643:
3376:
3223:
3150:
3142:
3038:
3003:
2198:
1231:
406:
1762:
7459:
7444:
7338:
6864:
6822:
6793:
6725:
6693:
6302:
5030:
4757:
4014:
3994:
3984:
3381:
3296:
3228:
3131:
1748:
1659:
1516:– "speaks unpretentiously in a variation of a Boston accent, and drops the 'g' in words like talking or running."
5170:
2012:
1726:
7063:
7017:
6916:
6889:
6854:
6749:
6620:
5366:
4504:
4046:
3942:
3917:
3870:
3697:
3321:
3306:
3043:
2542:
2222:
1461:
706:) are significantly less fronted than in many other American accents. The latter may be diphthongized to or .
212:
5806:
2829:
2824:
905:
2819:
1986:
7275:
7108:
6926:
6901:
5391:
5313:
5116:
5095:
5035:
4514:
4216:
4209:
3979:
3882:
3331:
3243:
3188:
3111:
2917:
893:
386:
288:
24:
7190:
7168:
6972:
6669:
6638:
6516:
6104:
6027:
5276:
5011:
4996:
4728:
4714:
4564:
4411:
4369:
4276:
4195:
4009:
3760:
3578:
3568:
3408:
3301:
2932:
2912:
2902:
2355:
1645:
1445:
1348:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1026:
1019:
979:
972:
949:
921:
913:
889:
877:
873:
840:
836:
832:
828:
821:
814:
807:
785:
773:
734:
724:
717:
695:
691:
648:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
608:
587:
548:
524:
513:
505:
501:
497:
489:
481:
473:
466:
436:
301:
254:
55:
51:
37:
4454:
7388:
7308:
7173:
7068:
6781:
6715:
6469:
6459:
6454:
5821:
5784:
5560:
5546:
5323:
5305:
4981:
4976:
4902:
4585:
4509:
4479:
4230:
4131:
3974:
3675:
3668:
3170:
3023:
3018:
7381:
4418:
4390:
3339:
1544:– "he demonstrates what many believe to be the strongest Boston dialect in the city's mayoral history."
880:
will be inserted after a word ending with a central or low vowel if the next word begins with a vowel:
769:-ful) accent than older speakers. This goes for black Bostonians as well. Non-rhoticity means that the
6294:
1751:." University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: Vol. 24 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. p. 19.
1662:." University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: Vol. 24 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. p. 19.
6810:
6703:
6643:
6521:
6494:
6411:
6060:
5996:
5958:
5953:
5712:
5518:
5481:
5294:
5214:
5135:
5050:
4735:
4449:
4404:
4181:
4004:
3573:
3469:
3452:
3155:
3081:
2505:
1263:
1213:
1091:
in Boston
English than in the London accents, and fewer and fewer Boston speakers maintain the broad
758:
404:
384:
314:
2169:
1055:
7408:
7238:
7230:
7128:
7091:
6977:
6962:
6837:
6827:
6754:
6593:
6282:
5948:
5816:
5686:
5539:
5473:
5371:
5356:
4850:
4747:
4651:
4536:
4397:
4380:
4351:
4294:
4156:
4141:
4041:
4031:
3969:
3964:
3947:
3887:
3739:
3702:
3388:
3366:
3361:
3276:
3271:
3233:
2959:
2947:
2638:. In Hansson, Gunnar Ólafur; Farris-Trimble, Ashley; McMullin, Kevin; Pulleyblank, Douglas (eds.).
2510:
2308:
2278:
2147:
1570:
1321:
1245:
660:
559:
3425:
3218:
2243:
7298:
7265:
7200:
7183:
7038:
6859:
6406:
6396:
6231:
5877:
5826:
5553:
5532:
5511:
5504:
5491:
5427:
5351:
5185:
5109:
5022:
4937:
4891:
4863:
4694:
4603:
4494:
4469:
4444:
4359:
4304:
4223:
4136:
4106:
3907:
3508:
3403:
3008:
2986:
2687:
2679:
2619:
1964:
1403:
1222:
799:
5409:
2727:. Vol. 3: Beyond the British Isles (pp. i–xx, 467–674). Cambridge University Press.
7303:
7288:
7260:
7220:
7012:
6994:
6949:
6698:
6474:
6438:
6225:
5943:
5938:
5601:
5596:
5445:
5386:
5381:
5346:
5341:
5331:
5102:
5075:
5065:
5055:
4942:
4918:
4910:
4883:
4878:
4813:
4782:
4771:
4721:
4679:
4664:
4571:
4314:
4289:
4284:
4244:
4174:
4111:
3892:
3520:
3496:
3481:
3440:
3435:
3413:
3398:
3371:
3248:
3238:
3165:
3101:
2981:
2942:
2927:
2706:
2584:
2202:
1991:
1800:
1624:
1599:
1281:
1239:
789:
710:
310:
240:
2771:
1794:
7423:
7376:
7328:
7255:
7163:
7153:
7148:
7138:
6984:
6957:
6815:
6735:
6680:
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6560:
6547:
6384:
6379:
6276:
6249:
6237:
6183:
6165:
5986:
5915:
5900:
5857:
5693:
5663:
5658:
5621:
5611:
5581:
5453:
5376:
5253:
5221:
5207:
5200:
5150:
5127:
5088:
5045:
4986:
4968:
4950:
4873:
4868:
4858:
4831:
4699:
4626:
4616:
4592:
4578:
4557:
4474:
4332:
4322:
4251:
4202:
4161:
4101:
4096:
3859:
3848:
3744:
3724:
3719:
3692:
3540:
3525:
3513:
3459:
3356:
3349:
3281:
3208:
3180:
3160:
3076:
2998:
2728:
2671:
2643:
2611:
2031:
1959:
1768:
1764:
Gende(r) in the Boston Accent: A linguistic analysis of Boston (r) from a gender perspective
1547:
1433:
1316:
731:
684:
680:
544:
336:
7293:
7195:
7133:
7103:
7086:
6911:
6786:
6607:
6583:
6555:
6526:
6499:
6464:
6351:
5981:
5968:
5867:
5722:
5616:
5606:
5458:
5416:
5271:
5242:
5235:
5193:
5180:
5175:
5165:
5160:
5145:
4957:
4821:
4689:
4674:
4669:
4659:
4499:
4489:
4340:
4299:
4151:
4146:
4088:
3912:
3734:
3558:
3491:
3311:
3213:
2993:
2797:
1473:
1353:
1336:
831:
feature centering diphthongs, which correspond to the sequences of close and mid vowels +
477:
72:
4459:
1772:
730:
Speakers of the more deeply urban varieties of the Boston accent may realize the
English
7368:
7283:
7243:
7143:
6967:
6720:
6625:
6615:
6531:
6333:
6243:
5972:
5910:
5872:
5717:
5673:
5668:
5653:
5648:
5525:
5463:
5435:
5401:
5266:
5261:
5155:
5080:
4839:
4826:
4684:
4621:
4611:
4550:
4522:
4439:
4327:
4265:
4258:
4166:
4036:
3897:
3729:
3596:
3563:
3553:
3013:
2052:
2047:
1489:
109:
96:
17:
2802:
968:
vowel. Another two example words that would traditionally be distinguished, thus, are
7438:
7418:
7333:
6989:
6906:
6847:
6710:
6588:
6570:
5678:
5591:
5496:
5336:
5286:
5140:
4707:
4529:
4464:
4364:
4188:
4116:
4026:
3902:
3601:
3548:
3447:
3106:
3061:
2720:
2623:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1483:
1479:
1439:
1312:
1287:
777:
137:
104:
88:
2573:
1943:
Brown, John Robbie (2 July 2007). "Kennedy backs city's 'Simpsons Movie' campaign".
1144:, and other words, while those born from about 1930 to 1950 normally use it only in
6921:
6769:
6648:
5920:
5905:
5862:
5730:
5281:
5228:
4121:
3937:
3932:
3530:
3503:
3091:
2691:
2656:
1427:
1415:
1299:
1251:
876:
will not be lost at the end of a word if the next word begins with a vowel, and an
868:
would usually be pronounced in this case, because the Boston accent possesses both
857:
782:
113:
2787:
1169:
547:
3798:
2547:
2142:
741:, giving rise to a phonemic distinction between dental and alveolar stops; thus,
558:" sound before other types of consonants too: primarily the most strongly before
3420:
3096:
2257:
1541:
1519:
1455:
1421:
1308:
1307:
talks with an exaggerated Boston accent as a reference to the former US Senator
1275:
1217:
1043:
738:
563:
451:
322:
181:
132:
6832:
6037:
5040:
3922:
3486:
2834:
2574:"More velar than /g/: Consonant Coarticulation as a Cause of Diphthongization"
2342:
1847:
1767:(BA thesis). Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society. pp. 4, 8.
1529:
1451:
1304:
1269:
1227:
532:
264:
142:
3612:
2732:
2615:
2583:. Somerville, Massachusetts: Cascadilla Proceedings Project. pp. 60–68.
6389:
5991:
4056:
3175:
2223:
https://www.massbroadcastershof.org/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-2007/don-kent/
1535:
1523:
1498:– "Obama's nominee to head the EPA has that spectacular South Boston accent"
1409:
1184:, etc.) with this same set of words and, variably, other instances of short
869:
296:
220:
2792:
2762:
2675:
2647:
1436:– "whose own accent leaves no room for doubt that he's from Massachusetts"
6416:
3464:
1467:
47:
2683:
2538:"Despite his unlikely build, Vikings' Wiggins gets it done at tight end"
2029:
Sullivan, Jim (2001-04-18). "Lenny Clarke Deftly
Handles Nightschtick".
383:, etc. all are pronounced with the same open back (often) rounded vowel
7353:
7348:
7158:
6504:
6431:
6426:
3344:
1671:
Labov et al. 2006 The Atlas of North
American English Berlin: DeGruyter
1030:
860:", pronounced , or as if spelled "pahk yah cah(r) in Hahvud Yahd". The
770:
566:, laterals, voiceless stops, and voiced fricatives, so that words like
509:
1844:"Wickedpedia: Could you ever actually 'pahk yah cah in Hahvahd Yahd'?"
1059:). In particular words that in other American accents have the "short
847:, is most likely to take on a rhotic pronunciation among Bostonians.
16:
This article is about the manner of pronunciation. For the album, see
6421:
6401:
6052:
3263:
2876:
2195:
New
England: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of American Regional Cultures
1293:
99:, while some uniquely local vocabulary appears only around Boston. A
80:
2122:"Mayor Joe Curtatone thinks Somerville is Boston's 'cooler sibling'"
1526:– "The Moran brothers share... an unmistakable Massachusetts accent"
1418:– "a Cambridge-raised verbal machine gun with a raspy Boston accent"
2599:
2581:
Proceedings of the 26th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics
2330:
The Rock, the Curse, and the Hub: A Random History of Boston Sports
2842:, and compare with other accents from the US and around the World.
2350:
1388:
1377:
1364:
92:
1649:. The University of Virginia Press. Pre-publication draft. p. 53.
1424:– "his speech still carries more than a trace of a Boston accent"
2642:. Vol. 3. Washington, D.C.: Linguistic Society of America.
2640:
Supplemental Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Meeting on Phonology
2600:"Regional phonetic differentiation in Standard Canadian English"
1596:
A Handbook of Varieties of English: A Multi-Media Reference Tool
582:" system, in which those same words are transferred over to the
6298:
3856:
3802:
3616:
2849:
2343:
Boston accent goes national with President Obama's pick for EPA
1749:
Boston Dialect Features in the Black/African American Community
1727:"Bostonians /r/ Speaking: A Quantitative Look at (R) in Boston"
1660:
Boston Dialect Features in the Black/African American Community
1234:, "delegates from his state refused to ratify the letter 'R'".
439:
in many Boston accents, it remains pronounced differently from
2375:
2221:
Massachusetts Broadcasters Hall of Fame, 'Don Kent,' ca. 2010
1929:
1646:
The Politics of Language Change: Dialect Divergence in America
839:
depends on a speaker's rhoticity. Also, the stressed sequence
605:
Boston accents make a greater variety of distinctions between
598:). The raised may overlap with the non-rhotic realization of
2371:"Joey McIntyre on appeal of "The McCarthys," future of NKOTB"
2170:"Candidate for 'Mayah' Proudly Leans Into Her Boston Sound"
835:
in rhotic AmE. The phonemicity of the centering diphthongs
317:. This means that instead of merging the historical "short
2104:"Watch: Dorchester comic riffs on Boston, Gronk, and more"
1285:. Television series based within a Boston setting such as
1025:
A feature that Boston speakers once shared with Britain's
2845:
2396:"In Walsh, students of Bostonese have found their avatah"
1925:
Setting Your Movie in Boston? Bettah Get the Accent Right
339:, the Boston accent merges it with the "aw" vowel (as in
1731:
University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics
757:
The traditional Boston accent is widely known for being
659:. respectively) may be raised to something like before
1870:
1868:
1866:
531:, that is extremely tensed towards when it precedes a
1212:
Although not all Boston-area speakers are non-rhotic,
952:. The result is that, for an older Boston accent, the
519:
In general, Eastern New England accents have a "short
2699:
Labov, William; Ash, Sharon; Boberg, Charles (2006).
2572:
Baker, Adam; Mielke, Jeff; Archangeli, Diana (2008).
23:"Boston English" redirects here. For the school, see
1822:"Blame Harvard for this annoying Boston accent test"
1696:
1694:
1492:– "He spoke with distinct traces of a Boston accent"
302:
aɪ ɔɪ aʊ (ɪə ʊə ɛə oə)
46:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
7321:
7274:
7229:
7209:
7121:
7037:
7030:
6948:
6880:
6734:
6679:
6668:
6661:
6606:
6569:
6546:
6485:
6447:
6370:
6361:
6350:
6341:
6118:
6089:
6069:
6051:
6018:
6009:
5967:
5929:
5886:
5848:
5839:
5799:
5757:
5748:
5703:
5641:
5634:
5570:
5472:
5444:
5426:
5322:
5304:
5252:
5126:
5021:
4967:
4928:
4901:
4849:
4812:
4781:
4745:
4650:
4602:
4428:
4378:
4350:
4313:
4275:
4087:
4080:
4069:
3847:
3753:
3685:
3660:
3539:
3330:
3262:
3199:
3052:
2885:
1164:. Speakers born since 1950 typically have no broad
2579:. In Chang, Charles B.; Haynie, Hannah J. (eds.).
1448:– "speaks with the accent of working-class Boston"
850:A famous example of non-rhoticity (plus a fronted
3990:North-Central American / Upper Midwestern English
2143:"Did You Hear The One About The @&%#! Comic?"
1720:
1718:
679:. This phenomenon, more famously associated with
2633:"'Tense' /æ/ is still lax: A phonotactics study"
2304:"Oh, Brother: 'Car Talk' Guy Puts Mouth in Gear"
2013:Bill Burr vows to never become an 'old cornball'
1987:"Police chief says he still has plenty to prove"
60:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
3127:John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum
2389:
2387:
2279:"Radio's 'Car Talk' guys reluctantly tackle TV"
1470:– "he has the soft R's of a deep Boston accent"
1837:
1835:
6310:
3814:
3628:
2861:
2803:"So don't I" - a unique grammatical construct
2341:NewSoundbites (YouTube user; uploaded 2013) "
8:
2773:How We Talk: American Regional English Today
2263:Lyndon LaRouche and the New American Fascism
1960:"Mayor's Accent Deserts Boston for New York"
612:than many other modern American accents do:
2075:"A banjo, a piano, and two willing masters"
1900:
1898:
1747:Browne, Charlene; Stanford, James (2018). "
1658:Browne, Charlene; Stanford, James (2018). "
1550:– "skin as thick as his East Boston accent"
1486:– "like drunk raccoons with Boston accents"
7344:Comparison of American and British English
7213:
7034:
6742:
6676:
6665:
6367:
6358:
6347:
6317:
6303:
6295:
6015:
5845:
5754:
5638:
4084:
4077:
3853:
3821:
3807:
3799:
3635:
3621:
3613:
2868:
2854:
2846:
2476:"It's tough to talk like a true Bostonian"
2421:"The nonpolitician who would be governor"
1594:Schneider, Edgar; Bernd Kortmann (2005).
1576:North American English regional phonology
87:is classified as traditionally including
3708:Inland Northern American Regional Accent
3317:Planning & Development Agency (BPDA)
1454:– "from Boston (as anyone who heard the
1325:, as well as "Boston Accent Trailer" on
1046:of words, making a distinction from the
1029:, though now uncommon in Boston, is the
125:Vowels of the traditional Boston accent
123:
30:Local accent of English spoken in Boston
3067:Boston Convention and Exhibition Center
1586:
1510:– "strong traces of the Boston dialect"
593:
508:), Boston accents only have one merged
1904:Gottlieb, Jeremy (February 3, 2017).
1874:
1725:Irwin, Patricia; Nagy, Naomi (2007).
1709:
1623:. Wadsworth Publishing. p. 353.
1464:– "With his inimitable Boston accent"
1315:have featured the accent, including "
79:, native specifically to the city of
7:
7414:Non-native pronunciations of English
1532:– "grew up in blue-collar Cambridge"
1412:– "the comic's wicked Boston accent"
986:class being transferred over to the
713:is traditionally absent. This makes
607:short and long vowels before medial
50:. For the distinction between ,
2702:The Atlas of North American English
2266:. New York: Doubleday. p. 306.
2110:. Boston Globe Media Partners, LLC.
1621:A Biography of the English Language
1476:– "a cultivated New England accent"
18:Matt Nathanson § Boston Accent
2840:'Hover & Hear' a Boston accent
2504:Bizjak, Marybeth (February 2007).
2451:"A Time to Reevaluate Family Ties"
2332:. Harvard University Press. p. 222
2277:Littlefield, Kinney (2008-07-01).
1598:. Mouton de Gruyter. p. 270.
309:Boston accents typically have the
14:
3077:Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum
2073:Mitter, Siddhartha (2008-02-29).
1820:Randall, Eric (August 25, 2015).
1796:Boston. Con Pianta. Ediz. Inglese
924:; this can potentially cause the
287:
278:
269:
253:
246:
239:
232:
225:
211:
204:
193:
186:
6098:Sandy River Valley Sign Language
3928:Inland Northern American English
3781:
3780:
3292:Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
2011:Miller, Gregory E. (11-1-2018) "
1361:Notable lifelong native speakers
1168:whatsoever and, instead, slight
843:inside a closed syllable, as in
85:Northeastern New England English
6080:Martha's Vineyard Sign Language
3767:Martha's Vineyard Sign Language
3122:Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
2814:Recordings of the Boston accent
2518:from the original on 2016-03-19
2419:Mooney, Brian C. (2006-02-19).
2234:Concannon, Jim (May 12, 2009).
2193:Sletcher, Michael, ed. (2004).
1842:Abby Patkin (January 2, 2024).
1682:Short-a in Northern New England
1504:– "his authentic Boston accent"
1018:, take the centering diphthong
788:precedes other consonants, see
443:because it belongs to Boston's
42:International Phonetic Alphabet
7364:English-based creole languages
3830:Languages of the United States
2604:Journal of English Linguistics
2369:Moraski, Lauren (2014-10-30).
2302:Leibovich, Mark (2005-05-04).
2120:Guilardi, Julia (2017-06-16).
1907:Hollywood has a Boston problem
1686:Journal of English Linguistics
1:
7404:List of English-based pidgins
3117:Institute of Contemporary Art
2705:. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
1886:Stewart, John et al. (2014).
1799:. Lonely Planet. p. 52.
1087:. Fewer words have the broad
990:class, undoing the merger of
790:English phonology § Coda
643:The nuclei of the diphthongs
7399:Linguistic purism in English
6033:Black American Sign Language
5811:Creole Hawai'i Sign Language
4052:Western Pennsylvania English
3072:Boston Irish Famine Memorial
2657:"Transmission and Diffusion"
920:has the centering diphthong
856:vowel) is "Park your car in
500:have a similar distinction (
120:Phonological characteristics
6500:London & Thames Estuary
5827:Navajo Family Sign Language
3254:List of companies in Boston
3087:Dorchester Heights Monument
2776:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
2536:Jensen, Sean (2004-12-03).
2449:Gardner, Amy (2009-02-11).
2394:Baker, Billy (2013-11-17).
2168:Barry, Ellen (2021-10-09).
2141:Calhoun, Ada (2004-03-29).
1958:Roberts, Sam (2006-01-16).
1892:. Grand Central Publishing.
1566:Eastern New England English
1328:Late Night with Seth Meyers
1053:
964:vowel is distinct from the
780:
683:, is known by linguists as
591:
431:. So, even though the word
77:Eastern New England English
7478:
7455:Languages of Massachusetts
7359:English as a lingua franca
6043:Puerto Rican Sign Language
3655:indicate extinct languages
3644:Languages of Massachusetts
3143:Appeal to the Great Spirit
2793:Glossary of Boston English
2199:Greenwood Publishing Group
1985:Rubin, Joel (2008-12-07).
1761:Fish, Jody (Spring 2018).
1297:have featured the accent.
1232:Massachusetts Constitution
399:, while keeping the broad
22:
15:
7339:Broad and general accents
7249:regional and occupational
7216:
7082:
7008:
6745:
6634:
5766:Anishinaabe Sign Language
4015:Southern American English
3995:Pacific Northwest English
3985:Northern American English
3866:
3836:
3776:
3650:
3587:
3132:Massachusetts State House
2953:Colleges and universities
2474:Allis, Sam (2004-01-25).
2046:Cumbie, Ty (2004-10-30).
1319:" and "Dunkin Donuts" on
870:linking R and intrusive R
794:, as in most dialects of
594:§ Declining features
300:
268:
141:
136:
131:
129:
4793:San Felipe–Santo Domingo
4047:Western American English
3943:Midland American English
3918:General American English
3871:African-American English
2798:Article on Boston accent
2733:10.1017/CBO9780511611766
2616:10.1177/0075424208316648
2598:Boberg, Charles (2008).
2543:Saint Paul Pioneer Press
1374:Joseph Curtatone's voice
817:"culluh". Words such as
675:has a higher vowel than
667:has a higher vowel than
498:Standard British accents
5769:Blackfoot Sign Language
3980:New York Latino English
3883:American Indian English
3112:Hynes Convention Center
2918:Boston Marathon bombing
2808:Boston Slang Dictionary
2788:Guide to Boston English
2761:McCarthy, John (1993).
2655:Labov, William (2007).
2631:Duncan, Daniel (2016).
2328:Roberts, Randy (2005).
1643:Labov, William (2010).
1619:Millward, C.M. (1996).
1442:– "thick Boston accent"
1406:– "thick Boston accent"
894:Harvard Memorial Church
38:phonetic transcriptions
25:The English High School
6517:Received Pronunciation
6105:Henniker Sign Language
6028:American Sign Language
5772:Cheyenne Sign Language
4637:Central Siberian Yupik
4632:Central Alaskan Yup'ik
4127:Malecite-Passamaquoddy
4037:Upper Michigan English
4010:Puerto Rican Englishes
3761:American Sign Language
3579:New England Revolution
3569:New England Free Jacks
2835:Medford City Councilor
2356:The Rachel Maddow Show
1793:Vorhees, Mara (2009).
1688:20:1–31. pp. 146, 149.
1538:– "New England accent"
1458:'s accent would know)"
1446:Annissa Essaibi George
1399:
1386:
1375:
1027:Received Pronunciation
781:(for where in English
35:This article contains
6711:Multicultural Toronto
5807:Hawai'i Sign Language
5790:Ktunaxa Sign Language
5785:Plateau Sign Language
5547:Northern Sierra Miwok
5487:Southern Sierra Miwok
4796:Zia–Santa Ana Pueblos
4544:Kwalhioqua-Clatskanie
4032:Transatlantic English
3975:New York City English
3965:New Mexican Englishes
3948:New England Englishes
2676:10.1353/lan.2007.0082
2648:10.3765/amp.v3i0.3653
1773:nbn:se:mau:diva-23112
1397:
1385:Gina McCarthy's voice
1384:
1373:
1258:Manchester by the Sea
948:are phonemically all
97:eastern Massachusetts
6872:Western Pennsylvania
6255:Serbo-Croatian (0.3)
6123:in 2021 in millions)
6061:Samoan Sign Language
5778:Navajo Sign Language
5713:Afro-Seminole Creole
5482:Central Sierra Miwok
5061:North Straits Salish
4485:Mescalero-Chiricahua
4005:Philadelphia English
3661:Indigenous languages
3574:New England Patriots
3156:New England Aquarium
3082:Bunker Hill Monument
2019:. NYP Holdings, Inc.
1680:Wood, Jim. (2010). "
1351:. In the video game
1192:maintains the broad
745:may sound closer to
661:voiceless consonants
560:voiceless fricatives
315:father-bother merger
7409:Mid-Atlantic accent
7000:Trinidad and Tobago
6121:(number of speakers
6119:Immigrant languages
5817:Inuit Sign Language
4042:Utah Mormon English
3970:New Orleans English
3888:Appalachian English
3703:New England English
3234:Innovation district
3137:Museum of Fine Arts
2938:Diplomatic missions
2511:Sacramento Magazine
2309:The Washington Post
2102:Juul, Matt (2015).
1911:The Washington Post
1860:Wood, 2010, p. 138.
1700:Wood, 2010, p. 139.
1571:New England English
1398:Marty Walsh's voice
1322:Saturday Night Live
1220:joking in his book
912:has the pure vowel
906:horse–hoarse merger
776:does not appear in
126:
6932:Pennsylvania Dutch
5896:Pennsylvania Dutch
5775:Cree Sign Language
5587:Havasupai–Hualapai
5533:Kings River Yokuts
5512:Buena Vista Yokuts
5492:Tule-Kaweah Yokuts
4000:Pennsylvania Dutch
3923:High Tider English
3908:California English
3377:Financial District
3244:Route 128 corridor
3224:Financial District
2825:18-year-old female
2820:37-year-old female
2725:Accents of English
2174:The New York Times
1965:The New York Times
1933:. August 27, 2014.
1404:William J. Bratton
1400:
1387:
1376:
1208:In popular culture
1010:, as well as both
900:Declining features
806:therefore becomes
796:English in England
335:) like most other
327:) with the "broad
124:
7450:Culture of Boston
7432:
7431:
7317:
7316:
7117:
7116:
7026:
7025:
6944:
6943:
6940:
6939:
6865:Pacific Northwest
6726:Standard Canadian
6657:
6656:
6602:
6601:
6542:
6541:
6292:
6291:
6114:
6113:
6005:
6004:
5835:
5834:
5749:Manual Indigenous
5744:
5743:
5740:
5739:
5630:
5629:
5005:Northeastern Pomo
4992:Southeastern Pomo
4765:Northern Kalapuya
4065:
4064:
3893:Baltimore English
3796:
3795:
3610:
3609:
3382:Government Center
3229:Government Center
3166:Paul Revere House
3151:Museum of Science
3102:Franklin Park Zoo
2923:COVID-19 pandemic
2712:978-3-11-016746-7
2590:978-1-57473-423-2
2349:. Excerpted from
1992:Los Angeles Times
1806:978-1-74179-178-5
1630:978-0-15-501645-3
1605:978-3-11-017532-5
1395:
1382:
1371:
1240:Good Will Hunting
1230:drafted the 1780
732:dental fricatives
711:weak vowel merger
311:cot-caught merger
307:
306:
83:and its suburbs.
7467:
7460:City colloquials
7445:American English
7329:English language
7214:
7035:
7018:Falkland Islands
6917:General American
6890:African-American
6743:
6677:
6666:
6368:
6359:
6348:
6319:
6312:
6305:
6296:
6016:
5987:Louisiana Creole
5846:
5755:
5639:
4930:Plateau Penutian
4758:Central Kalapuya
4085:
4078:
3860:American English
3854:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3800:
3784:
3783:
3698:African American
3637:
3630:
3623:
3614:
3460:Leather District
3340:Allston–Brighton
3161:Old North Church
2879:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2847:
2830:73-year-old male
2777:
2770:Metcalf, Allan.
2766:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2716:
2695:
2661:
2651:
2637:
2627:
2594:
2578:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2546:. Archived from
2533:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2482:. Archived from
2480:The Boston Globe
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2427:. Archived from
2425:The Boston Globe
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2400:The Boston Globe
2391:
2382:
2381:
2366:
2360:
2339:
2333:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2283:The Boston Globe
2274:
2268:
2267:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2242:. Archived from
2240:The Boston Globe
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2117:
2111:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2081:. Archived from
2079:The Boston Globe
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2032:The Boston Globe
2026:
2020:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1934:
1921:
1915:
1902:
1893:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1861:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1839:
1830:
1829:
1826:The Boston Globe
1817:
1811:
1810:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1758:
1752:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1722:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1689:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1663:
1656:
1650:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1591:
1548:Jermaine Wiggins
1434:Joseph Curtatone
1396:
1383:
1372:
1350:
1317:The Boston Teens
1086:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1063:" pronounced as
1058:
1051:
1050:
1042:
1041:
1021:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
974:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
936:merger, so that
935:
931:
927:
923:
915:
891:
879:
875:
855:
854:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
823:
816:
809:
793:
787:
775:
736:
726:
719:
705:
701:
697:
693:
685:Canadian raising
681:Canadian accents
658:
654:
650:
646:
639:
632:
625:
618:
610:
601:
597:
589:
585:
550:
545:General American
530:
526:
515:
507:
503:
491:
483:
478:New York accents
475:
468:
461:
457:
450:
446:
438:
418:
417:
416:
410:
403:sound distinct:
398:
397:
396:
390:
342:
337:American accents
334:
325:
303:
291:
282:
273:
257:
250:
243:
236:
229:
215:
208:
197:
190:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
127:
112:neighborhood of
57:
53:
7477:
7476:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7466:
7465:
7464:
7435:
7434:
7433:
7428:
7313:
7270:
7225:
7205:
7113:
7109:Solomon Islands
7078:
7022:
7004:
6936:
6927:New York Latino
6902:American Indian
6882:
6876:
6737:
6730:
6671:
6653:
6639:Channel Islands
6630:
6598:
6565:
6538:
6481:
6443:
6353:
6337:
6323:
6293:
6288:
6122:
6120:
6110:
6085:
6065:
6047:
6011:
6001:
5963:
5925:
5882:
5841:
5831:
5795:
5750:
5736:
5705:
5699:
5626:
5573:
5566:
5468:
5440:
5422:
5367:Northern Paiute
5318:
5314:Coast Tsimshian
5300:
5248:
5122:
5017:
4963:
4924:
4897:
4845:
4808:
4777:
4741:
4646:
4598:
4505:Upper Kuskokwim
4431:
4424:
4374:
4346:
4309:
4271:
4072:
4071:Oral Indigenous
4061:
4057:Yeshiva English
3913:Chicano English
3862:
3843:
3832:
3827:
3797:
3792:
3772:
3754:Other languages
3749:
3681:
3656:
3646:
3641:
3611:
3606:
3583:
3559:Boston Marathon
3535:
3372:Downtown Boston
3326:
3258:
3201:
3195:
3048:
2965:Historic Places
2881:
2877:
2874:
2784:
2769:
2763:"John McCarthy"
2760:
2757:
2755:Further reading
2752:
2744:
2719:
2713:
2698:
2659:
2654:
2635:
2630:
2597:
2591:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2521:
2519:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2489:
2487:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2459:
2457:
2455:Washington Post
2448:
2447:
2443:
2434:
2432:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2404:
2402:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2340:
2336:
2327:
2323:
2314:
2312:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2287:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2220:
2216:
2209:
2201:. p. 186.
2192:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2153:
2151:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2126:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2101:
2097:
2088:
2086:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2058:
2056:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2010:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1970:
1968:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1923:Mostue, Anne. "
1922:
1918:
1903:
1896:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1841:
1840:
1833:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1746:
1742:
1724:
1723:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1692:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1657:
1653:
1642:
1638:
1631:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1557:
1474:Lyndon LaRouche
1389:
1378:
1365:
1363:
1354:Team Fortress 2
1313:comedy sketches
1226:that, although
1210:
1056:Trap–bath split
1048:
1047:
1039:
1038:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
965:
961:
957:
953:
933:
929:
925:
902:
852:
851:
844:
755:
703:
699:
656:
652:
599:
583:
551:-raising system
533:nasal consonant
528:
459:
455:
448:
444:
413:
412:
411:
393:
392:
391:
340:
332:
323:
321:" sound (as in
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
122:
103:co-authored by
65:
64:
63:
31:
28:
21:
12:
11:
5:
7475:
7474:
7471:
7463:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7437:
7436:
7430:
7429:
7427:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7385:
7384:
7379:
7371:
7369:Englishisation
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7325:
7323:
7319:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7280:
7278:
7276:Southeast Asia
7272:
7271:
7269:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7252:
7251:
7241:
7235:
7233:
7227:
7226:
7224:
7223:
7217:
7211:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7191:South Atlantic
7188:
7187:
7186:
7181:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7125:
7123:
7119:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7111:
7106:
7101:
7100:
7099:
7089:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7055:
7054:
7043:
7041:
7032:
7028:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7020:
7015:
7009:
7006:
7005:
7003:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6981:
6980:
6973:Cayman Islands
6970:
6965:
6960:
6954:
6952:
6946:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6898:
6897:
6886:
6884:
6883:ethno-cultural
6878:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6869:
6868:
6867:
6862:
6852:
6851:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6820:
6819:
6818:
6808:
6807:
6806:
6801:
6791:
6790:
6789:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6752:
6746:
6740:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6707:
6706:
6701:
6691:
6685:
6683:
6674:
6663:
6659:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6612:
6610:
6604:
6603:
6600:
6599:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6575:
6573:
6567:
6566:
6564:
6563:
6558:
6552:
6550:
6544:
6543:
6540:
6539:
6537:
6536:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6519:
6514:
6513:
6512:
6507:
6497:
6491:
6489:
6483:
6482:
6480:
6479:
6478:
6477:
6475:Stoke-on-Trent
6472:
6467:
6457:
6451:
6449:
6445:
6444:
6442:
6441:
6436:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6393:
6392:
6382:
6376:
6374:
6365:
6356:
6345:
6339:
6338:
6334:Modern English
6324:
6322:
6321:
6314:
6307:
6299:
6290:
6289:
6287:
6286:
6280:
6274:
6268:
6262:
6256:
6253:
6247:
6241:
6235:
6229:
6223:
6217:
6211:
6208:
6202:
6196:
6190:
6187:
6181:
6175:
6169:
6163:
6157:
6151:
6145:
6139:
6133:
6126:
6124:
6116:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6108:
6101:
6093:
6091:
6087:
6086:
6084:
6083:
6075:
6073:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6063:
6057:
6055:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6024:
6022:
6013:
6010:Manual settler
6007:
6006:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5978:
5976:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5939:Caló (Chicano)
5935:
5933:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5892:
5890:
5884:
5883:
5881:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5854:
5852:
5843:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5822:Keresan Pueblo
5819:
5814:
5813:
5812:
5803:
5801:
5797:
5796:
5794:
5793:
5792:
5791:
5780:
5779:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5767:
5763:
5761:
5752:
5746:
5745:
5742:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5718:Chinook Jargon
5715:
5709:
5707:
5704:Mixed or trade
5701:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5690:
5682:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5645:
5643:
5636:
5632:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5578:
5576:
5568:
5567:
5565:
5564:
5557:
5550:
5543:
5536:
5529:
5526:Gashowu Yokuts
5522:
5515:
5508:
5500:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5478:
5476:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5450:
5448:
5442:
5441:
5439:
5438:
5432:
5430:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5413:
5405:
5404:
5399:
5397:Ute-Chemehuevi
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5328:
5326:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5290:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5258:
5256:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5246:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5211:
5204:
5197:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5132:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5120:
5117:Upper Chehalis
5113:
5106:
5099:
5096:Lower Chehalis
5092:
5084:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5036:Columbia-Moses
5033:
5027:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5008:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4973:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4954:
4946:
4945:
4940:
4934:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4914:
4913:
4907:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4895:
4887:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4855:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4835:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4818:
4816:
4810:
4809:
4807:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4790:Cochiti Pueblo
4787:
4785:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4768:
4761:
4753:
4751:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4656:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4608:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4568:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4518:
4517:
4515:Western Apache
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4436:
4434:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4401:
4394:
4386:
4384:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4319:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4217:Mohegan-Pequot
4213:
4210:Miami-Illinois
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4170:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4082:
4075:
4067:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3955:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3898:Boston English
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3857:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3803:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3617:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3597:Greater Boston
3594:
3592:Suffolk County
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3564:Boston Red Sox
3561:
3556:
3554:Boston Celtics
3551:
3545:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3433:
3431:Harbor Islands
3428:
3426:Fenway–Kenmore
3423:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3414:Upham's Corner
3411:
3409:Columbia Point
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3219:Fenway–Kenmore
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3058:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3044:Transportation
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3024:Public Schools
3021:
3019:Public Library
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2783:
2782:External links
2780:
2779:
2778:
2767:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2721:Wells, John C.
2717:
2711:
2696:
2670:(2): 344–387.
2652:
2628:
2610:(2): 129–154.
2595:
2589:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2528:
2496:
2466:
2441:
2411:
2383:
2361:
2334:
2321:
2294:
2269:
2249:
2246:on 2015-09-23.
2236:"Mel's Vision"
2226:
2214:
2207:
2185:
2160:
2133:
2112:
2095:
2065:
2053:All About Jazz
2038:
2021:
2004:
1977:
1950:
1947:. NY Times Co.
1935:
1916:
1894:
1879:
1877:, p. 523.
1862:
1853:
1831:
1812:
1805:
1785:
1753:
1740:
1714:
1712:, p. 520.
1702:
1690:
1673:
1664:
1651:
1636:
1629:
1611:
1604:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1490:Rocky Marciano
1487:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1362:
1359:
1209:
1206:
901:
898:
754:
751:
720:distinct from
690:The nuclei of
562:, followed by
476:. Thus, while
452:class of words
305:
304:
299:
293:
292:
285:
283:
276:
274:
267:
261:
260:
258:
251:
244:
237:
230:
223:
217:
216:
209:
202:
200:
198:
191:
184:
178:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
146:
145:
140:
135:
130:
121:
118:
110:Irish-American
58:⟩, see
34:
33:
32:
29:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7473:
7472:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7442:
7440:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7389:International
7387:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7374:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7320:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7281:
7279:
7277:
7273:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7250:
7247:
7246:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7236:
7234:
7232:
7228:
7222:
7219:
7218:
7215:
7212:
7208:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7176:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7120:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7098:
7095:
7094:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7084:
7081:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7069:Torres Strait
7067:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7053:
7050:
7049:
7048:
7045:
7044:
7042:
7040:
7036:
7033:
7029:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7010:
7007:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6955:
6953:
6951:
6947:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6879:
6873:
6870:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6856:
6853:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6821:
6817:
6814:
6813:
6812:
6809:
6805:
6804:North-Central
6802:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6795:
6792:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6782:New York City
6780:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6747:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6733:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6716:Ottawa Valley
6714:
6712:
6709:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6682:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6667:
6664:
6660:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6636:
6633:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6613:
6611:
6609:
6605:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6574:
6572:
6568:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6549:
6545:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6511:
6510:Multicultural
6508:
6506:
6503:
6502:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6484:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6470:Black Country
6468:
6466:
6463:
6462:
6461:
6460:West Midlands
6458:
6456:
6455:East Midlands
6453:
6452:
6450:
6446:
6440:
6437:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6414:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6391:
6388:
6387:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6375:
6373:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6340:
6335:
6331:
6327:
6320:
6315:
6313:
6308:
6306:
6301:
6300:
6297:
6284:
6281:
6278:
6275:
6272:
6269:
6266:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6254:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6233:
6230:
6227:
6224:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6203:
6200:
6197:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6185:
6182:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6158:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6134:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6117:
6107:
6106:
6102:
6100:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6088:
6082:
6081:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6072:
6068:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6021:
6017:
6014:
6008:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5932:
5928:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5885:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5851:
5847:
5844:
5838:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5810:
5809:
5808:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5798:
5789:
5788:
5787:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5771:
5768:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5747:
5733:
5732:
5728:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5702:
5696:
5695:
5691:
5689:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5569:
5563:
5562:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5535:
5534:
5530:
5528:
5527:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5501:
5498:
5497:Valley Yokuts
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5471:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5443:
5437:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5407:
5406:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5297:
5296:
5292:
5291:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5277:Southern Tiwa
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5236:Tutelo-Saponi
5233:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5107:
5105:
5104:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5031:Coeur d'Alene
5029:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5012:Northern Pomo
5009:
5007:
5006:
5002:
5001:
4998:
4997:Southern Pomo
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4927:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4900:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4811:
4805:Laguna Pueblo
4804:
4801:
4799:Western Keres
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4729:Susquehannock
4726:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4715:Neutral Huron
4712:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4642:Chevak Cup’ik
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4565:Plains Apache
4562:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4370:Upper Chinook
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4338:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4196:Nawathinehena
4193:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4068:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4027:Texan English
4025:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3938:Maine English
3936:
3934:
3933:Miami English
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3903:Cajun English
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3861:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3841:
3838:Languages in
3835:
3831:
3824:
3819:
3817:
3812:
3810:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3789:
3788:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3713:Boston accent
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3645:
3638:
3633:
3631:
3626:
3624:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3603:
3602:Massachusetts
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:Boston Bruins
3547:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3448:Jamaica Plain
3446:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3394:Chestnut Hill
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3332:Neighborhoods
3329:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:Housing (BHA)
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:Symphony Hall
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3107:Freedom Trail
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3062:Boston Common
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:Sister cities
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2898:Annual events
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2871:
2866:
2864:
2859:
2857:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2550:on 2014-06-11
2549:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2532:
2529:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2500:
2497:
2486:on 2015-09-23
2485:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2467:
2456:
2452:
2445:
2442:
2431:on 2015-09-24
2430:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2412:
2401:
2397:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2298:
2295:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2208:0-313-32753-X
2204:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2186:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2161:
2150:
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2048:"Chick Corea"
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1214:non-rhoticity
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890:/ðəˈtunər‿ɪz/
887:
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859:
848:
837:/ɪə,ʊə,ɛə,oə/
827:
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813:
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778:coda position
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105:William Labov
102:
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95:, and all of
94:
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89:New Hampshire
86:
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78:
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70:
69:Boston accent
61:
49:
45:
43:
39:
26:
19:
7174:South Africa
7169:Sierra Leone
6922:Miami Latino
6811:Philadelphia
6799:Inland North
6759:
6704:Newfoundland
6522:West Country
6336:by continent
6103:
6096:
6078:
6070:
5959:Sabine River
5954:Puerto Rican
5906:Plautdietsch
5840:Oral settler
5783:
5731:Mohawk Dutch
5729:
5692:
5685:
5561:Plains Miwok
5559:
5552:
5545:
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5192:
5115:
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5010:
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4982:Eastern Pomo
4977:Central Pomo
4956:
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4890:
4838:
4802:Acoma Pueblo
4770:
4763:
4756:
4746:
4734:
4727:
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4713:
4706:
4591:
4586:Upper Umpqua
4584:
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4570:
4563:
4556:
4549:
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4535:
4528:
4521:
4510:Upper Tanana
4480:Lower Tanana
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4379:
4339:
4277:Austronesian
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4231:Narragansett
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4132:Massachusett
3858:Dialects of
3842:are extinct.
3839:
3785:
3765:
3712:
3676:Massachusett
3674:
3669:Narragansett
3667:
3652:
3531:West Roxbury
3504:South Boston
3470:Mission Hill
3453:Forest Hills
3277:City council
3272:City charter
3183:Constitution
3182:
3141:
3092:Faneuil Hall
2933:Demographics
2913:Bibliography
2903:Architecture
2892:
2772:
2741:0-52128541-0
2724:
2700:
2667:
2663:
2639:
2607:
2603:
2580:
2565:Bibliography
2552:. Retrieved
2548:the original
2541:
2531:
2520:. Retrieved
2509:
2506:"Mr. Fix-It"
2499:
2488:. Retrieved
2484:the original
2479:
2469:
2458:. Retrieved
2454:
2444:
2433:. Retrieved
2429:the original
2424:
2414:
2403:. Retrieved
2399:
2374:
2364:
2354:
2346:
2337:
2329:
2324:
2313:. Retrieved
2307:
2297:
2286:. Retrieved
2282:
2272:
2262:
2258:King, Dennis
2252:
2244:the original
2239:
2229:
2217:
2194:
2188:
2177:. Retrieved
2173:
2163:
2152:. Retrieved
2146:
2136:
2125:. Retrieved
2115:
2107:
2098:
2087:. Retrieved
2083:the original
2078:
2068:
2057:. Retrieved
2051:
2041:
2030:
2024:
2016:
2007:
1996:. Retrieved
1990:
1980:
1969:. Retrieved
1963:
1953:
1944:
1938:
1928:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1887:
1882:
1875:Wells (1982)
1856:
1825:
1815:
1795:
1788:
1776:. Retrieved
1763:
1756:
1743:
1734:
1730:
1710:Wells (1982)
1705:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1654:
1644:
1639:
1620:
1614:
1595:
1589:
1561:Boston slang
1428:Sue Costello
1416:Lenny Clarke
1352:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1326:
1320:
1305:Mayor Quimby
1298:
1292:
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1268:
1262:
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1252:The Departed
1250:
1246:Mystic River
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945:
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909:
903:
885:
882:the tuner is
881:
865:
861:
858:Harvard Yard
849:
825:
818:
811:
803:
783:phonotactics
766:
762:
756:
746:
742:
739:dental stops
729:
721:
714:
708:
689:
676:
672:
668:
664:
642:
634:
627:
620:
613:
604:
579:
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571:
567:
564:voiced stops
555:
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440:
432:
428:
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420:
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380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
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352:
348:
344:
328:
318:
313:but not the
308:
114:South Boston
84:
73:local accent
68:
66:
54:and ⟨
36:
7299:Philippines
7092:New Zealand
6978:Bay Islands
6958:The Bahamas
6881:Social and
6838:New Orleans
6755:New England
6649:Isle of Man
6594:Port Talbot
6495:East Anglia
6412:Northumbria
6189:Hindi (0.9)
5997:Angloromani
5949:New Mexican
5878:New England
5519:Coast Miwok
5392:Tübatulabal
5324:Uto-Aztecan
5306:Tsimshianic
5295:Piro Pueblo
5215:Mitchigamea
5171:Omaha–Ponca
5136:Assiniboine
5051:Lushootseed
4903:Palaihnihan
4736:Wenrohronon
4432:Yeniseian?)
4295:Refaluwasch
4182:Gros Ventre
3421:East Boston
3389:Charlestown
3367:Beacon Hill
3362:Bay Village
3097:Fenway Park
3054:Attractions
3034:Skyscrapers
1542:Marty Walsh
1422:Chick Corea
1309:Ted Kennedy
1276:The Fighter
1218:Jon Stewart
1170:/æ/ raising
1044:lexical set
886:the tuna is
810:"cahd" and
454:versus the
7439:Categories
7239:Bangladesh
7231:South Asia
7184:Cape Flats
7134:The Gambia
7059:Aboriginal
6895:vernacular
6860:California
6833:High Tider
6828:Appalachia
6689:Aboriginal
6621:South-West
6465:Birmingham
6422:Sunderland
6407:Manchester
6397:Lancashire
6210:Urdu (0.5)
6178:Portuguese
6148:Vietnamese
6038:Protactile
6020:Francosign
5687:Chitimacha
5540:Lake Miwok
5041:Halkomelem
4537:Holikachuk
4412:Purisimeño
4157:Potawatomi
3876:Vernacular
3740:Portuguese
3509:Fort Point
3487:Roslindale
3404:Dorchester
3264:Government
2554:2009-02-26
2522:2009-03-17
2490:2009-02-27
2460:2009-02-27
2435:2009-02-26
2405:2015-06-15
2315:2009-02-26
2288:2009-02-26
2179:2024-01-23
2154:2009-03-17
2127:2024-02-05
2108:Boston.com
2089:2009-03-17
2059:2009-03-17
1998:2009-02-26
1971:2009-02-26
1945:Boston.com
1848:Boston.com
1582:References
1530:Alex Rocco
1452:Jack Haley
1303:character
1282:Black Mass
1228:John Adams
1188:too. Only
1172:(i.e. in
908:, so that
759:non-rhotic
512:for both:
297:Diphthongs
101:2006 study
7304:Singapore
7266:Sri Lanka
7221:Hong Kong
7047:variation
7039:Australia
6950:Caribbean
6816:Baltimore
6699:Lunenburg
6644:Gibraltar
6561:Highlands
6439:Yorkshire
6402:Liverpool
6012:languages
5992:Spanglish
5975:languages
5901:Hutterite
5858:Louisiana
5842:languages
5759:Hand Talk
5751:languages
5706:Languages
5554:Palewyami
5505:Bay Miwok
5474:Yuk-Utian
5352:Kitanemuk
5186:Winnebago
5110:Tillamook
4938:Nez Perce
4892:Apalachee
4864:Chickasaw
4851:Muskogean
4748:Kalapuyan
4695:Tuscarora
4652:Iroquoian
4495:Tanacross
4470:Jicarilla
4445:Deg Xinag
4419:Ventureño
4391:Barbareño
4381:Chumashan
4360:Kathlamet
4352:Chinookan
4305:Tokelauan
4224:Nanticoke
4137:Menominee
4107:Blackfoot
4073:languages
3686:Immigrant
3521:South End
3497:Fort Hill
3482:North End
3441:Readville
3436:Hyde Park
3399:Chinatown
3287:Elections
3282:City Hall
3249:South End
3239:North End
3202:districts
3176:TD Garden
2999:Nicknames
2960:Geography
2948:Education
2624:146478485
1536:Tom Silva
1524:Jim Moran
1410:Bill Burr
888:are both
800:Australia
343:). Thus,
331:" (as in
7424:Standard
7394:Learning
7382:Nerrière
7373:Globish
7289:Malaysia
7261:Pakistan
7201:Zimbabwe
7129:Cameroon
6963:Barbados
6694:Atlantic
6662:Americas
6579:Abercraf
6548:Scotland
6527:Cornwall
6448:Midlands
6432:Teesside
6427:Tyneside
6417:Pitmatic
6380:Cheshire
6326:Dialects
6259:Armenian
6232:Gujarati
6226:Japanese
6090:Isolates
5916:Alsatian
5868:Missouri
5800:Isolates
5642:Isolates
5602:Maricopa
5597:Kumeyaay
5428:Wakashan
5387:Timbisha
5382:Shoshoni
5347:Kawaiisu
5342:Ivilyuat
5332:Comanche
5103:Quinault
5076:Thompson
5066:Okanagan
5056:Nooksack
5023:Salishan
4943:Sahaptin
4919:Atsugewi
4911:Achumawi
4884:Muscogee
4879:Mikasuki
4772:Yoncalla
4722:Nottoway
4680:Onondaga
4665:Cherokee
4604:Eskaleut
4572:Tsetsaut
4455:Gwich’in
4450:Dena'ina
4405:Obispeño
4290:Hawaiian
4285:Chamorro
4245:Powhatan
4175:Etchemin
4112:Cheyenne
4081:Families
3787:Category
3526:West End
3475:Longwood
3465:Mattapan
3357:Back Bay
3350:Brighton
3214:Downtown
3209:Back Bay
3200:Business
3009:Politics
2987:Timeline
2975:Southern
2970:Northern
2723:(1982).
2684:40070845
2664:Language
2516:Archived
2260:(1989).
2148:New York
1555:See also
1468:Mel King
1462:Don Kent
1337:The Heat
1300:Simpsons
1264:The Town
1071:: thus,
916:, while
725:/ˈlɛnən/
718:/ˈlɛnɪn/
638:/ˈnɪərə/
539:is and
535:; thus,
527:, as in
523:" vowel
419:, as in
52:/ /
48:Help:IPA
7354:Engrish
7349:E-Prime
7322:Related
7309:Vietnam
7294:Myanmar
7164:Nigeria
7159:Namibia
7149:Liberia
7031:Oceania
7013:Bermuda
6985:Jamaica
6912:Chicano
6750:Midland
6736:United
6672:America
6608:Ireland
6584:Cardiff
6556:Glasgow
6505:Cockney
6385:Cumbria
6363:England
6354:Britain
6330:accents
6250:Punjabi
6238:Bengali
6214:Persian
6205:Italian
6184:Haitian
6172:Russian
6142:Tagalog
6136:Chinese
6130:Spanish
6071:Kentish
5931:Spanish
5911:Bernese
5873:Muskrat
5694:Tonkawa
5664:Siuslaw
5659:Kutenai
5622:Yavapai
5612:Quechan
5582:Cocopah
5574:Cochimí
5454:Nomlaki
5446:Wintuan
5377:Serrano
5372:O'odham
5357:Luiseño
5272:Picuris
5222:Moneton
5208:Chiwere
5201:Catawba
5151:Hidatsa
5089:Cowlitz
5046:Klallam
4987:Kashaya
4951:Klamath
4874:Koasati
4869:Choctaw
4859:Alabama
4832:Nisenan
4814:Maiduan
4783:Keresan
4700:Wyandot
4627:Alutiiq
4617:Inupiat
4593:Wailaki
4579:Tututni
4558:Mattole
4475:Koyukon
4398:Cruzeño
4333:Wichita
4323:Arikara
4315:Caddoan
4252:Quiripi
4238:Pamlico
4203:Mahican
4162:Shawnee
4142:Mi'kmaq
4102:Arapaho
4097:Abenaki
3958:Western
3953:Eastern
3849:English
3840:italics
3745:Chinese
3725:Italian
3720:Spanish
3693:English
3653:Italics
3514:Seaport
3492:Roxbury
3345:Allston
3297:FinComm
2982:History
2943:Economy
2928:Culture
2692:6255506
2347:YouTube
1778:May 15,
1456:Tin Man
1223:America
1138:pasture
1037:of the
1031:"broad
1000:THOUGHT
975:versus
962:THOUGHT
934:THOUGHT
829:/skwɛə/
815:/ˈkʌlə/
771:phoneme
737:as the
663:: thus
631:/ˈmɪrə/
624:/ˈfəri/
617:/ˈhʌri/
596:, below
510:phoneme
504:versus
469:versus
460:THOUGHT
435:has no
341:THOUGHT
138:Central
40:in the
7377:Gogate
7284:Brunei
7196:Uganda
7179:accent
7154:Malawi
7122:Africa
7097:accent
7052:accent
6995:Samaná
6968:Bequia
6787:accent
6760:Boston
6738:States
6721:Quebec
6681:Canada
6670:North
6626:Ulster
6616:Dublin
6532:Dorset
6390:Barrow
6352:Great
6343:Europe
6277:Hebrew
6220:Telugu
6199:Polish
6193:German
6166:Korean
6160:French
6154:Arabic
6132:(41.3)
6053:BANZSL
5982:Gullah
5969:Creole
5944:Isleño
5888:German
5850:French
5723:Michif
5635:Others
5617:Tiipai
5607:Mojave
5572:Yuman–
5459:Patwin
5417:Tongva
5410:Cupeño
5254:Tanoan
5243:Woccon
5194:Biloxi
5181:Stoney
5176:Quapaw
5166:Mandan
5161:Lakota
5146:Dakota
5128:Siouan
5071:Salish
4969:Pomoan
4958:Molala
4822:Konkow
4690:Seneca
4675:Oneida
4670:Mohawk
4660:Cayuga
4500:Tolowa
4490:Navajo
4430:Dené(–
4365:Tsinúk
4341:Kitsai
4300:Samoan
4152:Ojibwe
4147:Munsee
3735:German
3541:Sports
3322:Police
3189:Museum
3004:People
2893:Accent
2886:Topics
2878:Boston
2745:
2739:
2709:
2690:
2682:
2622:
2587:
2205:
1803:
1627:
1602:
1294:Cheers
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