134:
22:
236:
In 1925, a German patent was issued to the
Clemens Neuber Company for a bowed psaltery which also included a set of strings arranged in chords, so that one could play the melody on the bowed psaltery strings, and strum the accompaniment with the other hand. These are usually called "violin zithers".
326:
plucked psaltery only in that its strings are arranged to permit bowing. The soundboard has a sound hole or rose in the center. In the United States, it is normally played with a small bow, often made in the earlier semicircular style, whereas in Europe a reduced-size modern violin bow is used.
318:
The conventional bowed psaltery is triangular, allowing each string to extend a little farther than the one before it, so that each can be individually bowed. Chromatic bowed psalteries have the sharps and flats on one side and the diatonic notes on the opposite.
311:
282:
Today, the bowed psaltery is most often produced without chord accompaniment strings (though some modern players retune the chromatic side to produce chords, and play it in the manner of the violin zither).
353:
Other than bowing, the instrument may also be strummed or struck for additional tone colors. The strings are often too closely spaced for conventional finger picking, but may be plucked at the bowing end.
268:, which was popular in the United States in the 1920s. These instruments are not typically referred to as psalteries, but by the various trade names they were sold under, such as
342:
Performance styles vary, but the instrument may be played either one note at a time, with the instrument held with one hand and bowed with the other, as in instruments of the
314:
A chromatic bowed psaltery. The construction style is often influenced by the looks of Mediæval plucked psalteries, as well as Gothic architecture.
322:
It is a psaltery in the traditional sense of a wooden sound box with unstopped strings over the soundboard. It significantly differs from the
246:
763:
331:
455:
141:
113:
794:
43:
391:
298:, popularized the conventional triangular bowed psaltery, which had earlier been advocated for use in education by the German
94:
47:
66:
397:
427:
73:
32:
799:
217:. In contrast with the centuries-old plucked psaltery, the bowed psaltery appears to be a 20th-century invention.
51:
36:
346:
family, or it may be laid down and played with a bow in each hand, in a style reminiscent of the closely related
80:
692:
148:
62:
448:
733:
388:
Online community of bowed psaltery players featuring photos, videos, listings and discussion forums.
707:
652:
642:
627:
252:
Similar instruments were being produced by
American companies of the same time period, often with
768:
571:
157:
738:
672:
637:
535:
347:
441:
363:
87:
702:
540:
368:
191:
133:
490:
245:
773:
291:
265:
788:
299:
717:
591:
287:
231:
350:. Some players will also hold two bows in one hand to facilitate double-stopping.
421:
406:
Online collection of early to mid-20th-century
American bowed psaltery variants.
214:
21:
697:
657:
596:
515:
415:
380:
295:
677:
310:
330:
743:
712:
687:
682:
622:
612:
550:
500:
495:
323:
206:
166:
418:
Basic
Instruction on how to play the bowed psaltery with video examples.
403:
647:
581:
555:
545:
510:
662:
586:
525:
485:
464:
343:
270:
253:
210:
186:
181:
176:
667:
632:
576:
520:
505:
385:
309:
244:
171:
530:
437:
15:
412:
a site covering early 20th-century
American bowed psalteries
433:
409:
381:
Video "Introduction to the Bowed
Psaltery" by James Jones
756:
726:
605:
564:
478:
471:
156:
140:
400:Building a bowed psaltery from start to finish.
449:
8:
126:
50:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
475:
456:
442:
434:
114:Learn how and when to remove this message
422:free plans for a Diatonic Bowed Psaltery
329:
264:, and marketed for use in playing the
125:
7:
48:adding citations to reliable sources
404:Fretless Zithers: Bowed Instruments
764:Musical Instrument Factory of Riga
14:
416:Ringing Strings Bowed Psalteries
132:
20:
278:The conventional bowed psaltery
1:
394:– online construction plans.
816:
229:
256:-inspired names, such as
163:
131:
241:Ukelin-type instruments
149:Bowed string instrument
795:Composite chordophones
392:Build A Bowed Psaltery
334:
315:
249:
213:that is played with a
333:
313:
248:
734:Appalachian dulcimer
290:, Walter Mittman, a
44:improve this article
708:Tambourine de Bearn
628:Epinette des Vosges
565:West and South Asia
258:Hawaiian Art Violin
158:Related instruments
128:
398:A Psimple Psaltery
335:
316:
250:
800:Bowed box zithers
782:
781:
752:
751:
638:Hammered dulcimer
348:hammered dulcimer
338:Method of playing
199:
198:
124:
123:
116:
98:
807:
739:Mexican salterio
521:Indonesian siter
476:
458:
451:
444:
435:
386:Psaltery Strings
364:Alexander violin
288:Second World War
136:
129:
119:
112:
108:
105:
99:
97:
63:"Bowed psaltery"
56:
24:
16:
815:
814:
810:
809:
808:
806:
805:
804:
785:
784:
783:
778:
748:
722:
703:Streichmelodion
601:
560:
467:
462:
377:
369:Streichmelodion
360:
340:
308:
280:
243:
234:
228:
223:
192:Streichmelodion
120:
109:
103:
100:
57:
55:
41:
25:
12:
11:
5:
813:
811:
803:
802:
797:
787:
786:
780:
779:
777:
776:
771:
766:
760:
758:
754:
753:
750:
749:
747:
746:
741:
736:
730:
728:
724:
723:
721:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
618:Bowed psaltery
615:
609:
607:
603:
602:
600:
599:
594:
589:
587:Persian santur
584:
582:Indian santoor
579:
574:
568:
566:
562:
561:
559:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
482:
480:
473:
469:
468:
463:
461:
460:
453:
446:
438:
432:
431:
430:Learn to play.
425:
419:
413:
407:
401:
395:
389:
383:
376:
375:External links
373:
372:
371:
366:
359:
356:
339:
336:
307:
304:
292:primary school
279:
276:
266:Hawaiian music
242:
239:
230:Main article:
227:
224:
222:
219:
203:bowed psaltery
197:
196:
195:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
161:
160:
154:
153:
152:
151:
144:
142:Classification
138:
137:
127:Bowed psaltery
122:
121:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
812:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
790:
775:
772:
770:
769:Oscar Schmidt
767:
765:
762:
761:
759:
757:Manufacturers
755:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
729:
725:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
608:
604:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
567:
563:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
483:
481:
477:
474:
470:
466:
459:
454:
452:
447:
445:
440:
439:
436:
429:
428:Learn to play
426:
424:Online plans.
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
382:
379:
378:
374:
370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
357:
355:
351:
349:
345:
337:
332:
328:
325:
320:
312:
305:
303:
302:(1911–1996).
301:
300:Edgar Stahmer
297:
293:
289:
284:
277:
275:
273:
272:
267:
263:
259:
255:
247:
240:
238:
233:
226:Violin zither
225:
220:
218:
216:
212:
208:
205:is a type of
204:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
164:
162:
159:
155:
150:
147:
146:
145:
143:
139:
135:
130:
118:
115:
107:
96:
93:
89:
86:
82:
79:
75:
72:
68:
65: –
64:
60:
59:Find sources:
53:
49:
45:
39:
38:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
718:Violinzither
617:
592:Iraqi santur
352:
341:
321:
317:
285:
281:
269:
261:
257:
251:
235:
232:Violinzither
202:
200:
110:
101:
91:
84:
77:
70:
58:
42:Please help
30:
306:Description
294:teacher in
789:Categories
698:Scheitholt
693:Psalterium
597:Swarmandal
516:Ichigenkin
410:Ukelin.com
296:Westphalia
286:After the
262:Violin-Uke
104:April 2011
74:newspapers
678:Langeleik
491:Đàn tranh
479:East Asia
472:By region
31:does not
744:Tremoloa
727:Americas
713:Tsymbaly
688:Psaltery
683:Langspil
623:Cimbalom
613:Autoharp
551:Yanggeum
501:Geomungo
496:Gayageum
358:See also
324:Medieval
254:Hawaiian
207:psaltery
167:Psaltery
658:Kanklės
648:Kantele
556:Yazheng
546:Yangqin
511:Guzheng
465:Zithers
221:History
88:scholar
52:removed
37:sources
663:Kokles
653:Kannel
643:Hummel
606:Europe
526:Kacapi
486:Ajaeng
344:violin
271:Ukelin
211:zither
187:Ukelin
182:Zither
177:Vielle
90:
83:
76:
69:
61:
774:Tōkai
668:Kusle
633:Gusli
577:Nuzhe
572:Kanun
506:Guqin
172:Crwth
95:JSTOR
81:books
673:Krez
536:Koto
531:Khim
201:The
67:news
35:any
33:cite
260:or
215:bow
209:or
46:by
791::
541:Se
274:.
457:e
450:t
443:v
117:)
111:(
106:)
102:(
92:·
85:·
78:·
71:·
54:.
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
