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the use of the property. John Meyer died in 1977; his widow remarried as
Margaret Pepper, and remained on the plantation, continuing to manage and improve the property for conservation purposes, until her death in 2007. In 2008, the property was opened to the public under the name "Botany Bay Plantation Heritage Preserve/Wildlife Management Area", managed by the
288:. In the census of 1860, John Townsend was registered as the owner of 272 enslaved laborers. In that year, he defended the institution of slavery and advocated for secession from the Union to protect it in an address to the Edisto Island Vigilant Association. In the early 1860s, Townsend was a delegate to the state's Secession Convention, and a signer of the
539:, John Frampton received a land grant in about 1689; it was inherited by his son Jonathan Frampton and then by Jonathan's daughter Hephzibah; she married Daniel Jenkins, who inherited it upon her death in 1780; their daughter Hephzibah Jenkins married Daniel Townsend III in 1796, and the couple inherited the plantation. (Both websites visited 2013-12-29.)
36:
261:, a 21-acre (8.5 ha) parcel adjoining the Hamilton property was acquired by Normand McLeod. At some point, the property was acquired by Ephraim Mikell Seabrook; in about 1825, he built a house there. It has been suggested that the name "Sea Cloud Plantation" was bestowed after the marriage of a Seabrook to a McLeod.
235:. Botany Bay Plantation was formed in the 1930s from the merger of the Colonial-era Sea Cloud Plantation and Bleak Hall Plantation. In 1977, it was bequeathed to the state as a wildlife preserve; it was opened to the public in 2008. The preserve includes a number of registered historic sites, including two listed in the
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In 1968, hotel and real estate magnate John E. "Jason" Meyer bought Botany Bay. An enthusiastic outdoorsman, Meyer bequeathed the 4,630-acre (1,870 ha) plantation to the state of South
Carolina as a wildlife preserve, but stipulated that should he predecease his wife Margaret, she would retain
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returned from the Orient in 1855, they were accompanied by one Oqui, variously described as a "Japanese botanist", a "Japanese gardener", and a
Chinese florist and gardener. Learning of this, Townsend travelled to Washington, D.C., and persuaded Oqui to return to South Carolina with him, there to
406:
A short distance from these two buildings, near the site of the original Bleak Hall house, is another tabby building, thought to have been used as a barn during the
Colonial period and subsequently used as an equipment shed. The building's high gable roof, oriented north-south, is clad in cypress
386:
cut in circular designs decorate the gable eaves; boards decorated with dentils run below the eaves on the east and west sides of the building. The north and south ends both have two doors: one at ground level and one in the gable. Two paneless windows closed by narrow shutters flank each of the
423:
Twenty-one registered historic sites lie on Botany Bay
Heritage Preserve & WMA, including the remains of the Sea Cloud plantation house, the chimney of a slave house, and a beehive-shaped brick well originally built to provide water for the Sea Cloud slaves.
447:; 1,847 acres (747 ha) of upland, consisting chiefly of mixed pine-hardwood forest; and 283 acres (115 ha) of agricultural fields, managed for dove hunting and as food plots for wildlife. A set of dikes creates freshwater and brackish ponds.
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shingles. A wooden spire topped with a pendant rises from each gable end. Barge boards decorated with dentils cover the gable eaves; boards decorated with serrations run below the east and west eaves. There are doors on the north and south sides.
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524:, James Bullock was the original owner; he sold the property to Richard and Ann Jenkins in 1754; Daniel Townsend II acquired it at an unspecified date; and Daniel Townsend III inherited it in 1798. According to
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Near the icehouse is a small tabby building, thought to have been used as a gardener's shed and/or a smokehouse. The building has a single door and no windows. The roof is slightly bell-cast, clad with
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In 1695, Christopher
Hinkley received a grant of 170 acres (69 ha) on Edisto Island. In 1727, the property was acquired by Paul Hamilton Sr.; in 1748, by Paul Hamilton Jr. At some time after the
382:, each with two pointed windows and a small balcony. Three-level wooden spires, topped with pendants, rise from the peaks of the gables and the dormers. The roof is slightly flared at the eaves.
303:, both Union and Confederate forces used the cupola atop the Bleak Hall plantation house as a lookout. This house burned down during or shortly after the war, and a new one was built in a mix of
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Botany Bay HP * WMA includes a variety of habitats: 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) of marine and estuarine wetlands, including 2 miles (3 km) of beachfront used for nesting by endangered
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styles. The war had disrupted property records, and
Townsend was only able to establish his ownership of the combined plantations through an appeal to U.S. president
273:. In about 1805, a mansion was built; in about 1842, John Townsend inherited the property. At some point in the 1840s, he acquired the Sea Cloud Plantation as well.
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339:
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Three outbuildings from the Bleak Hall
Plantation, thought to date from the 1840s, remain on the Botany Bay preserve. In 1973, the buildings were listed in the
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In the late 1790s, Daniel
Townsend III began developing Bleak Hall Plantation. In 1799, his first son, John Townsend, was born at the plantation. His wife was
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284:-makers in Belgium and France, and won several prizes, for both its quality and its length. Between 1822 and 1858, Townsend served several terms in the
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John
Townsend was noted as an agriculturist and political leader in 19th century South Carolina. He was one of the state's largest planters of
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lay out extensive Oriental formal gardens. Remains of the gardens, including some of the exotic plants, survive into the early 21st century.
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reached Edisto Island. By the early 1920s, production of cotton had ceased, and the plantation was used for farming and timber production.
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843:, April 1855, pp. 114-15, Oqui is described as "a real live Chinese from Hong Kong", as a "florist and gardener", and as "born at Canton".
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431:, with an age estimated at 3000–5000 years, are on the property; they are listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
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Townsend died at Bleak Hall in 1881. The plantation continued to produce a valuable crop of Sea Island cotton until 1917, when the
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shingles, and topped with a wood finial; a board decorated with large serrated dentils runs around the building below the eaves.
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Near the icehouse and the gardener's shed/smokehouse are the remnants of John Townsend's Japanese garden. When the
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states that "The original Bleak Hall burned right after the Civil War..." (Both websites visited 2013-12-29.)
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The Bleak Hall and Sea Cloud plantations remained in the Townsend family until 1933, when they were bought by
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associated with the Historic American Buildings Survey states that it "burned during the Civil War". A
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593:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: Bleak Hall Plantation Outbuildings".
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lower-level windows. On the east and west sides of the building are mock Gothic doors and windows.
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Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
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292:, whereby South Carolina withdrew from the United States, part of a chain of events leading to the
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239:: a set of three surviving 1840s outbuildings from Bleak Hall Plantation, and the prehistoric
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Sources differ on the ownership of the plantation before Daniel Townsend III. According to
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487:"Bleak Hall Plantation Outbuildings, Charleston County (off S.C. Hwy. 174, Edisto Island)".
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861:. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. Spring 2008. Retrieved 2013-12-30.
605:"Bleak Hall Plantation, Ice House, Ocella Creek, Edisto Island, Charleston County, SC".
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790:"Edisto Island's Botany Bay is a treasure for the public -- finally -- to behold".
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359:, for their connection with John Townsend and as surviving examples of the
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roof oriented north-south; on the east and west sides are high triangular
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National Register of Historic Places in Charleston County, South Carolina
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815:"Botany Bay Plantation Heritage Preserve/ Wildlife Management Area".
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Current Events: Newsletter of the Ashepoo, Combahee, Edisto Basin
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Sources differ on the date of the original mansion's burning. A
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856:"SCDNR Gets Key ACE Property At Historic Botany Bay Plantation".
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National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory
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Buildings and structures in Charleston County, South Carolina
537:"Archives & Records of the Plantations of South Carolina"
774:"Bleak Hall Plantation - Edisto Island - Charleston County".
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502:"Sea Cloud Plantation – Edisto Island – Charleston County".
229:
Botany Bay Heritage Preserve & Wildlife Management Area
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714:
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653:"The Doom of Slavery In the Union: It's Safety Out of It"
1275:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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334:, who combined them to form Botany Bay Plantation.
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490:South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
825:South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.
755:South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.
715:South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.
550:"Hephzibah Jenkins Townsend's Tabby Oven Ruins"
370:, built out of wood on a partial basement with
299:In November 1861, Edisto Island was evacuated.
689:September–October 2009. Retrieved 2013-12-29.
340:South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
1326:Gothic Revival architecture in South Carolina
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1331:Buildings and structures completed in 1840
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898:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
745:"Botany Bay Plantation WMA Driving Tour".
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280:; his cotton commanded a high price from
66:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
366:One of these buildings is a 1 1/2-story
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836:In "New Chinese and Japanese Plants",
704:Botany Bay Plantation WMA driving tour
464:"National Register Information System"
49:
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469:National Register of Historic Places
357:National Register of Historic Places
237:National Register of Historic Places
641:August 2008. Retrieved 2013-12-29.
805:2008-08-04. Retrieved 2013-12-29.
651:John Townsend (October 29, 1860).
148:Botany Bay Road, Edisto Island, SC
58:Bleak Hall Plantation Outbuildings
14:
394:Botany Bay Plantation outbuilding
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374:walls. The building has a high
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28:V (protected landscape/seascape)
286:South Carolina General Assembly
207:
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233:Edisto Island, South Carolina
135:Show map of the United States
522:"South Carolina Plantations"
47:United States historic place
19:Botany Bay Heritage Preserve
1257:National Historic Landmarks
777:South Carolina Plantations.
700:Library of Congress webpage
674:"Edisto's Hidden Treasure".
505:South Carolina Plantations.
361:Gothic Revival architecture
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271:Hephzibah Jenkins Townsend
110:Show map of South Carolina
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839:Pennsylvania Farm Journal
206:NRHP reference
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83:Ice House, west elevation
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613:January 3, 2011, at the
535:at Mrs. Johnie Rivers's
363:used on the plantation.
198:Architectural style
685:South Carolina Wildlife
351:Bleak Hall outbuildings
231:is a state preserve on
1270:Keeper of the Register
921:Keeper of the Register
441:loggerhead sea turtles
429:Fig Island Shell Rings
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332:Lauder Greenway Family
290:Ordinance of Secession
241:Fig Island shell rings
1290:Contributing property
936:National Park Service
916:Contributing property
827:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
779:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
764:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
617:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
595:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
507:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
492:Retrieved 2013-12-29.
474:National Park Service
393:
346:Historic preservation
328:Dr. James C. Greenway
322:Botany Bay Plantation
265:Bleak Hall Plantation
174:32.55250°N 80.23361°W
631:Hutchisson, James.
608:Library of Congress.
435:Wildlife and habitat
419:Other historic sites
301:During the Civil War
252:Sea Cloud Plantation
637:Charleston Magazine
591:Caughman, Wright.
179:32.55250; -80.23361
170: /
820:2010-12-19 at the
795:2013-12-31 at the
760:2013-12-31 at the
750:2010-05-30 at the
720:2013-12-31 at the
709:2010-05-30 at the
679:2013-12-30 at the
531:2013-12-30 at the
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294:American Civil War
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1285:Historic district
926:Historic district
801:The Island Packet
788:Holleman, Joey.
713:published by the
672:Staples, Debra.
633:"Shifting Sands".
278:Sea Island cotton
259:Revolutionary War
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1035:Chesterfield
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384:Barge boards
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325:
313:
298:
275:
268:
255:
228:
227:
1245:Other lists
1180:Spartanburg
445:least terns
316:boll weevil
177: /
153:Coordinates
1305:Categories
1226:Greenville
1216:Charleston
1160:Orangeburg
1085:Greenville
1080:Georgetown
1060:Dorchester
1050:Darlington
1020:Charleston
451:References
1236:Rock Hill
1145:McCormick
1130:Lexington
1115:Lancaster
1090:Greenwood
1070:Fairfield
1065:Edgefield
1040:Clarendon
985:Allendale
975:Abbeville
968:by county
562:August 3,
526:its entry
518:its entry
305:Victorian
165:80°14′1″W
162:32°33′9″N
1221:Columbia
1170:Richland
1150:Newberry
1140:Marlboro
1075:Florence
1045:Colleton
1025:Cherokee
1010:Berkeley
1005:Beaufort
1000:Barnwell
990:Anderson
841:, vol. 5
818:Archived
793:Archived
758:Archived
748:Archived
718:Archived
707:Archived
677:Archived
611:Archived
529:Archived
368:icehouse
213:73001698
193:c. 1840s
145:Location
1252:Bridges
1165:Pickens
1120:Laurens
1110:Kershaw
1095:Hampton
1030:Chester
1015:Calhoun
995:Bamberg
401:cypress
380:dormers
247:History
1185:Sumter
1175:Saluda
1155:Oconee
1135:Marion
1105:Jasper
1055:Dillon
909:Topics
1190:Union
1100:Horry
980:Aiken
966:Lists
553:(PDF)
376:gable
372:tabby
190:Built
1200:York
564:2014
443:and
427:The
282:lace
1125:Lee
900:in
520:at
208:No.
1307::
848:^
729:^
661:^
622:^
572:^
555:.
472:.
466:.
342:.
311:.
296:.
243:.
890:e
883:t
876:v
803:.
687:.
655:.
639:.
566:.
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